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1.25   II  1.4      1.6 

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Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVi/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historiual  l\Alcroreproductions  /  institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiquas 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


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D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I     1    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagAe 

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mais.  lorsque  cela  4tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
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0 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
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Transparence 

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obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentaires: 


Various  pagings. 


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Ce  document  est  filmd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu«  ci-dessous. 
lOX  14X  I8X  22X 


12X 


16X 


26X 


30X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  hero  hes  been  reproduced  thank* 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Douglas  Librarv' 
Queen's  University 

The  images  appearing  here  ere  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
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filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  Illustrated  Impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  Impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — •►  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
Kght  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  Illustrate  the 
method: 


L'exemplaire  fllmA  fut  reproduit  grAce  A  la 
g*nAroslt«  de: 

Douglaf  Library 
Queen's  University 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  «t«  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soln,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet«  de  I'exemplaire  film*,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exempiaires  orlglnaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim«e  sont  film«s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  aoit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exempiaires 
orlglnaux  sont  filmte  en  commen^ant  par  la 
premlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
dernldre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  seion  le 
cas:  le  symbole  -^signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartas,  planches,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  Atre 
filmAs  it  des  tauu  de  reduction  diffArents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  §tre 
reproduit  en  un  seui  ciichA,  il  est  fiimA  d  partir 
de  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
lliustrent  la  m6thode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

I 


"m 


'^*^. 


AV 


AUTHENTIC  HISTORY 

OF    THE 

SECOND  WAR 

^OR  IJVDEPEJ\rDEj\rCE  : 

COMPRISINa 

DETAILS    op   TBP    M.r.^. 

-o« ..  cot.™ :;::  r  :;r  "'°^" 

C«Ar„,OA.  AK„  B.OOKAP„.eAr:or  "'"' 

"  ^'i'«  ^'''«n's  praise  to  the  wx  -./      t,  ■ 

"praise,  in  mine  ear,  Jl  ^f'.  .^"''^  *%''  ''" 

9  u^nue  fie  yt^  shines  in  ivarj^ 


Ossian. 


IN    TWO    VOLUMES. 

•  yoL,i. 


m 


PimiSHEn  BV  J.  G.  HATHAWAV. 

ivcllogg  &  Beardslee.  Pri. 


1815. 


•^- 


p 


"i^fPPiyfVF*'"? 'I'^^^^wfi"*! '  ••  "■! 


E2>S4.  i5g»,g     v.| 


» 


.X 


.J»s,:^ 


»l  .*■,!■' 


.1  'i 


MM- 


INTRODUCTION. 


ili'^'i^* 


•Exposition  of  the  Causes  of  tJie  War. 

Iwepn  ♦!,-  nJ^T,-      ,     ooraial  political  connex  on  be- 

of  ««..tBnta.„     There  is  something  in  the  witiond 

prme  w  „!;»!and  that  can  never  forsive  the  dad.,*- 

tion  of  indepemlence,.  and  on  our  side,  the  sufferingl 

prison  ships  Durnings,  massacres  and  scalpings  of  fte 

moktion  have  not  been  forgotten.     It  4,  |„e,  that 

the  ties  of  a  common  ancestry^  sirtHIarity  of  language 

«nd  manners,  have  been  urged  as  natural  inducements 

tea  close  and  friendly  alliance  between  the  t,vo  com*. 

tries.    These  causes  operate  feebly,  when  opposed  by 

*  powerful  spirit  of  commercial  rivalry,  and  thVresen^ 

ments  springmgfrom  the  revolutionary  war,  mutually 

cherished  by  both  nations.  ^? 

The  hostility  of  England  has  been  coeval  witt^ 

national  existehce.     How  easy  it  is  to  furnfeh  the  itt. 

shin  "  tI"™'T''1'  t"'"""=^  "'  *«  *"•*  ^^ 
«T2  «  ^T'"*"  "'  *'•*  "^"'"ti^nary  ^are«.str.L^ 
«d  the  British  government  to  recognize  our  InL^nS- 
:e«ce  5  yet  she  refused  to  execute  the.  treat/, f^r^t 
The  western  posts  from  Ovw.-^  .-  ^.,,11    . .  **• 

were  forcibly  retained,  contrarv't/^  ^"'^■""<wfW*c 
♦t*  i..^  ^   <:"wueu,  contrary  to  tlia  express  pivtis- 


,V,   *4 


'3l3^%;'o 


;'  t 


INTRODUCTION. 

This  Cch  of  fa  hXtdTn^"!.  f  '"'"'"y  ' 

wpenses  of  .Jong  and iliVlt       *'*•  ^***"  *°  *•"» 
«•« i8c  most  i.noul««n;M     -^   ??'""  **''  "•'icl.  oth- 

of  Heath  from  those  virV  k2!     ''''  ""^  ^''^^  "'«  "^"n" 
The  governor  geueral  If  c!     ;;  '"roVuHy  ,vitl.held. 

h  tl>eir  «des  at  the  defeat^^  <J  'A,  ^"S''"'?*"  fo-eht 
When  Gen.  Waynrifr  .  i  ^*''"'*'"  ""'^  St.  Clair. 
MiamUfth.117"'/;/:^    *'"'  Inaia„,;„ear  the 

p;ace,^„d  many  miles  withtthTaSto.  ^^'T  °^ 
Vf?«.!  ::^.:te0f  the  U.  States!  ^^°:^'^^«'''*^- 
der  even  threatened  to  fire  o'n'the "a»  ^""°"  ""'na"* 
t^^pp^hed^HhinreaZfLt^^^^^^^^^  troops,  if 

*>"nd  the  raters  ;;r.M'Krerffn  r'"  '^«'-* 

ment,toCoK  England,  the  commit  of  Z  P**^--!- 

troops  at  Maiden,  during  th«  month,    f.  .      ^"S'""" 

r.st  ,794,  and  at  the  timf  Gen  Wav  °   '"'^  "'"'  ^"'- 

•Xainst  the  Indians  on  the  M ian^  ^  n '"'' °P^'*«»S 

tliese  Irtters  tlmt  the  scalpst^erh    .,     r^^""''  ^'"^ 

«ent  toth,  Indian  estabtmf„ratV     '"'""^  *«'« 

"Ter,th.ttho  hostile  opeSsof  reZ'^  "' *** 

eoncertied  with  British  aeenta  «J  m  '*"*  ''*"'« 

1*in  Indian  tribes  «  haXrcomJetrr  k^*  ^"- 

-rried.,with  scalps  and  pfi^tta'l^^ ^^ 

«t  p«^«o„.,  re,„wed  on  going' Je. 'narf 


.1^ 


«• 


«f 


#% 


INTRODUCTION, 


wented   that  his  Maiv<t>>a  „.»*  .... 

secuntj  from  the  late  great  influx  of  I.ulians  into  that- 

t'^n  "of  Ir""*"^'  *'«'""'i«"'yP-»ist  i»  their  re,l 
tion  of  returnmg  bo  goon  5''   that  the  British  ac'^U 

remain  5  but  that  without  provisions  and  ammunition 
being  sent  to  that  nl»r»    ;i      .  '     f""""""'"" 

ii.^JLi     -1.      "",?'*««'  »*  was  conceived  to  be  et- 
tremely  a..Ticult  to  keep  them  together;  and  that  «Co^ 
England  was  making  g,eat  exertions  ^  supph  the  In 

diang  with  provisions  "    «•« *  »"PP'*  tne  in- 

Col.  M'Kee\  t^vT.    *u  '  ""*  ^"'*  (continues 

my    and  wl  nnl       ^  ^■*"»«<">  of  the  American  ar- 
my    and  we  now  muster  lOOO.Indians  •  all-^fe*  l»k» 
lndi«„8,from  Saguna  downwar^J,   ghm,U  „  I P 
moment  in  joining  their  breXpn'  !!  '"'*  """^ 

strength  is^an  additiol     1^^^"  r  "'^r 

a  ,a  cornHe.ds''L;re„n^  tHnJ^ S^  *^ 

The  same  influence  n^«  ot-^.   •     i 
and  Cherokee  Indian,!  bTT''  k^"""-"  *'"'  Creek 
of  Bowles  assumed    Letitfe^fr'-'r*"^*'-'''''"^^ 
Muscogee.  I  "^  ^'•«''>'-  General  of 


A^2 


See  Appendix  IS 


#'^ 


/^^ 


INTRODUCWON. 


liiOof  of  tho  Pi.***   L 

•ct..  of  hos«,u;:  '"'  "**"''  •"*"«*«"«  «'«  «va«e,  ,<, 
'^"He  Jate  Gen  Pito  :«  k*   ^ 

S-ch  h««  been  i  di^' T  f  n  *•"  '"""'''•'•^  «-t 
territorial  right..    uZTt         ™*'  ^"**'''  '^'^  »»•• 

*".e  interest  of  fe  Zntr.     S^r  """"*••  «>« 
ucutralitj  ^w  adopted     S^h  ^''.Vf"'"^  "^  »  strict. 

June  followino-  an  nr-^  •         ^'*'  ""  ^^e  8th  of 

*•  James  Z*?n  *'"'  ""'*•'  «<»•»  «>«  cabinet  of 

part,  ^w4'  r  I^J„»^';->«  1^^^^^^  who„/„r;' 

Thi«  ni,^.,o  •  "^-^  ^'*^  ^I'eat  Britain 

theXf  ?6  '^ Thr  '"""^•^'^ '' **  -^-~t  of 
ordained  that  neutran^'"''™"'  """^  '^'''*''^y  rule 
the  beneat,  of  a  ttdlS  tr^T  °"*  *"*'*'*''  *°  ^'^or 
power,  fron.  Mt^X^f'''^'\f  « •>«" Wt 
•Jed  hy  the  mother   oundt  r'''  '"'^  ^*^*  "<='»- 

e..  ..ve  trade  wi..  the  Wh'coUViS^S 
t  See  Appendix  C. 


» •§> 


-<«• 


INTRODUCTION; 


Z^l  !r""''  •'^'""y'»e  P^'-^^icns  or  supplies  fo* 
the  use  of  .ny  such  colony."  a  great  number  of  "' 
->enca„  vessels  became  the  victims^f  this  f^l^t 

excited.    War  was,  for  >  while,  considered  the  only  al 
ternafve.    Fi„aHy.  the  pacific  system  of  po  icy  w.t 

to  Oreat  Britain— the  result  was  a  treatv  nr   .r^u 

commerce  and  navigation.    Never^eles,  ttf  ^'' 

ofthp  TTni+^^cx  ^  "^^^^"^®'«8s,  the  commerce 

01  the  United  States  continued  to  be  the  prey  a£JBriti«k 
cruisers  and  privateers.    .  "^  ^''^^  P^™*** 

The  accursed  practice  of  imnr«»flsm*»«+    u  ^  •     .. 
mpnnurk.'i^  1  ^        v-c  ui   impressment,  had  m  thA 

meanwhile  become  a  serious  cause  of  comDllint     P 
as  early  as  17q<i  fit«  «  •^-  u  complaint.    Even 

culty  of  avoiding  to  make  immediate  rep^slo„  If " 
seaman  m  the  United  States."    It  was  toS^*  « 
many  instances  of  the  kind  had  happenei  th^^V    ** 
quite  necessary  they  should  exDlain  £1    .  '*  ''•* 

subject,  and  be  1,.di«  a-  ,    ™*"selves  on  th« 

taken  to  ^i:^ ^:^^^i:^'^'^^ 

both  sides."  On  tlie  SOth  of  Wv  -94  A?  t^  ^"^^  '"' 
to  Lord  Grenville,  «  tW  V.  •  '  '  ^'-  •^*>'  **<?««> 
can  citizens  J 1  ,  *' "»pres3ment  of  Amwi. 

""!^^^"f  *"'«'•''«  on  board  British  armed  vessel, 
was  n«^nljr  an  iniurv  ♦«  fkz.  .    r   ^    "■"'««  vessels,  .    , 
^UtitMt..rflIv.,T.T-*^*''  ""fortunate  individud. 
^ -^    _..__._,  _,.„„  ^^..^,^  emotions  in  the  brea^ 


» 


introduction; 


"•""'gcd,  that  o„Iers  w2u  j  k,        ""  f  P*«<ation  w.g 

«"d  that  the  Briti.I    oCilTr''"*"'^  '">-«*«"'. 
from  s.mila*^i„,e,.,,;'r";„  'I'"*';'' '"  ft^-re,  abstain 
*Onstratcd  against  th.  J"  ^P"^^^^->  M<:  Kingre- 
"  "--yectraroflt.f:r!  "''•     ««  -'"-"Ha* 
been  supposed  ;  „,d  tha     i!,sw  TT"''  *'"'"  '""^ 
m  many  i„,,t„„       enuivoJr         ".  '  '^''''  »'"'  thos,, 
ter  at.the  court  of  LoS;?'''' ""*  ^™''™-''"  "•'»'«- 
ti-e  years  I70f,  and  iro"  ^ .     ,' '"  """=  '»»"*'•«  (part  of 
«>.a.«e  0.  two  hundrSr,::^^^^^^^^^^^      ^°'- '^-^  "■''- 
had  in  most  cases  exhibited  Tr^K     "  '*"""''''  ^^o 
«»,  [^r.  mng n  thlttt         "videnceasto satistifjr 
ced  into  the  British  serv S^jr'  "■"''  ^'"•"•iean*,  f„r^ 
;»  refusing  pa^  «„rt  bo„nt;%  "' j::"r""e'  8-e™"r, 
the  American  Secretary  of  State  ^i/,  T    T  "^  '^^«' 
'«5-  ^rote  to  Mr.  King  inst™lf '      .•  """'^^  ^'^*'"- 
fte  British  governmenf  rr        ^^  *"'"  *°  '"r  'hat «  if 

fe^.s.an,^Jprttr  :i"rH  *r  *''''••"=''*'»' 

"e  on  their  friendship,  it  t„uM  r '  ,     '"''"='''  ""J'  ^*1- 

"•elieving  their  oppressed  .  v       ""''*"*•>  *'">  -neans  of 

Wal  officers  oCil"  e  JaTwT  t*  "  *•>  ^"'^^ 

foreigners  from  the  ves  els  of  ^^  ."''.""""^  "'"'  «*er 

y  might,  with  a.  much  reason   roV'f  '*''**^  '  *'"'* 

«*'  the  p^p,,ty  or  merchaTd^'it~r*'^ 

»nd Portuguese,  aa  seize  .„d  deLn  in  Th"*''  '^"•" 
the  subjects  of  those  nations  fo,,^d  V  f""  """'««* 
'e^elsj  and  that  the  Sdel?       '"'  ^"""^  ^'»«'''"» 


^j^st  and 
tation  wag 
le  Ameri« 
liberated, 
'«>  abstain 
'  ^^ng  re- 
paid, that, 
tban  had. 
nd  those 
m  minis- 
'  (part  of 
^the  dig-* 
Pn>  whof 
satistify 
ins,  for- 
nerall^, 
)f  1796, 
Picker^ 
hat «  if 

'ghts  of 
^J  val- 
Jans  of 
British 
I  other 
',  that 
essela 
Danes 


'Ourt 


JNTRQDUCTION.  .  ^ 

,0^  London,  statinir  thaf «  *k-.  • 

no  right  had  be*u  J  "rteS  1  •'' °^  *''""''"•'"  '  «>•* 
Americ^et,  that  thev I'er^  tr"  *!J'  "'*'*"  "^ 

were  dragged  onboard  BritrHhllrr'''''  **"*  ""T 

denceofcitiV.enahipin  tlTei  (,,  !  '^     ^  *"■■'  ^"'htheevU 

there  to  serve  untifoi^^^^^^^^^^^ 

could  be  obtained  ,  that  m^n    '''*""•""»'«  »f  «'eir  birth, 
and  all  were  detained  l"^;""''  P"""''  ""relieved, 
«nd  injurious  oo^tnt  Zt  r""  'T'  '"  '-•"" 
practice  must  inevitably  Lo^     I  '=°»*"»'»««  of  the 
nations,  which  ought  to  be  fr     /T'"''  ''*«»'«»  two 

^- "  -  .ore  i£^u  t^d^st"  raj ::  'r 

selves  the  well  founded  11??'  '""^"'**"'««- 
force  the  governre^:? ^r^e  2^  Tb^r™"'  •»* 
possibly  terminate  in  an  operr:;tu".:''"''  "'^  r^^ 
.  ^''*''«  '"=t»-*'=ts  furnish  ample  proof  tt«t  ,1,  .- 
impressment  became  a  serious  grCd  of  L  '•  "^  *  "^ 
remonstrance  as  earlj.  as  n02^Zr  ^TfT^  *'"' 
ers  desist  from  their  practice  „,;''"' ^rihsh  cruis- 

»ea„,e„  even  during  ^  Sd'^fTS  ^"'*"".'^- 
France.  ^"'^  '^'^^  aJ  war  with  . 

In  the' winter  of  1800  \r^  t-^  '        ^* 

ter  at  PMladelphil^rbmtd':";^^;;r  ^ 
the  consideration  of  the  Amerir,n„''  *  *^««*r*> 

V«jected  by  Mr.  Adams  anTuel^r"'"''"*-  ^*''« 
ecutive  department,  whom  he  col^u:^'"!.''^  *«  «*'- 
"  that  it  did  notsufficiently^SiS:^^  «''"""• 
«ent  of  American  scameV'  .n  Ubft  t  t^'"'"''*' 

•— --  ,  «^!,T-  —J  ..-        '   .     "  *"*'  't  was  Better  t« 


katvr 


r-  : 


10 


WTRODucnaN. 


td  etiumerftte  merchant  vew^lii  An  *k-.  l-^ 

the  things  not  tobe  foreTireni^^^  h«g»»  s€a«,  ^mofig 

tfers."  ^^'v^^'^tered  in  scurch  of  desert 

Solden  age  of  the  AmSn  l^'uf '""^  ''"^-  "^^ 
?me  with  the  whole  worid  T^'t  ?,":'"«'"=«"'•  At 
'ifWtened  every  sea  •  iJ"  i      f    Aounshmg  commerce 

^Hs  thepro^Vtiiitre:  :;':sr"^''*^  *»  -^^ 

Jnipdrts  and  i-pv^h^.  j       ^        ''    *'""'  e'Torts,  im- 

%re»Smett;Si;horf  **'"*•='''  **  i*^«'=««df 
frequent,      '•-^^'^'^"^^^'^^ii^nw. 

When  the  President  of  the  Unit^l  vt.i 

special  mission  to  ncgociate  ^i^h  SS^l"**'  * 

the  purchase  of  Louisiana,  Mr.  King  was  in«   T.*"' 

-expiam  to  tl,e  British  government  £  Tect  !f^*'''''.*° 

«ion.    Mr.Kingmadethee3.planatioh.    I  •  r      *  ""*• 

American  government  that  « the  11™     ?-■»«•»  *'''' 

received  in  good  part,  noio^t^TT^'^TT*'^ 

pght  of  the  United  Statertopursuelel  If**'/!  '''^ 

the  objects  thej  aimed  at  j  hut  tre  Brit  1^'"''  "'""^ 

geared  tobe  satisfied  ^Ui^ii^^S^t^:^'"^ 

tfci#  important  subject."  '*""«««  views  on 

wrot<*  to  Lord  Hawkesbury  apprisinc  him  »f  k  "' 

and  also,  that  in  drawing  Ip  1 1^  cal  hid  r"* 
taken  so  to  frame  the  same,  as  not  t„  ilr  ^  *"*" 

«f  =«.  Britain,  inthe  navDion „fth  1^'  '"^  "g*" 

The  noble  Lo^d  r^X^S^^^'^'^TTrm." 

r      >     wiui  fie  ftaU  received  hl&MSL' 


rch  of  deser- 

Iftat  Britiiifi 
Ifericjr.    The 
'!« I'epose  to 
VMS.     The 
enced.    At 
!  commerce 
we  to  her 
*porfa,  im- 
pie :  Trhili 
pracficedf 
t  liast  Dili 


fr.Ri 


ff»tfsco^^i^  «<►  expr^sp  thepl^ure  with  „i«cv' 
h.»^m^esty  had  received  *he  intelligence ;  and  to  S 
that^majestjr  regarded  the  care  which  h,d  beentd^ 
sp^/mmMheteatjr  „  „ot.to  infringe  any  right  7g. 
^.h*n,«4he„ayigation  of  the  river  kJsip^,  a«  tj 
»^»t  «rt,j^<iptory.e,.-<fe„c«  of*  disposition  on  «fe  part  of 

with  that  which  his  majesty  entertained,  to  promot* 
and  improve  that  hai^ny,  which  so  happ  ly  subS 
between  the  twp  countries,  and  which  wa^Vcondu  Se 
to  their  mutual  benefit."  ^f^'^T" 

i.I.^**'****"*""«*^^  """"l"'     «1  '''o^*'  of  the  Brit- 
ishjpyernment,  of  its  entire  satisfaction  at  the  purchase, 

^^S'Tf  ^  '"^'"Sued  with  Spain  to  induce  her  to 

E  t.  *""'*''  "^  ^'»»^*'«»  fr"^  France  t!  the 
United  States  5  and  no  doubt  wouU  have  succeeded^ 

hut  for  the  potent  tt5/I«««c«  of  France.  ' 

IsJs  f  :,'*"'"^»*'«»  "i^  Pri»<=«  Regent,  (of  Jan,  10,  * 
1813,)  the,  purchase  of  the:  territory  was  censured  „ 
« the  ungenerous  conduct  of  the  jUnited  States  toward, 

nor„f  S  *\*^f  *  "^^^^'''^''^  at  Ghent,  r£- 
note  of  September  4,  1814,  attribute  the  acq« Lition  of 
Louisiana,  by  t>,e  United  States  to  a  spiri 'of  aS„/ 
dizement,  not  necessary  to  their  own  security.  TeJ 
affirmed  besides,  that «  the  purchase  was  made  a-aS 
tte  known  conditions  on  which  it  had  been  ced°rbv 
Spam  to  France,"  that  in  c^se  of  the  protestatioStS 

Sldentof  tive  United  States  ratified  the  t^aty  of  pur- 
chase  5  and  that « there  wasgoodreason  to  beUeve,  thit 
many  circumstances  attending  the  transac,fi„„ 'L  *?eS* 
««striousiy  concealed."      Yet  these  aspe;sion7^^ 


1'  .■■-  w 


>l 


I!  i 


IN^aDlJCtlON* 


*7  over  the  territory  of  r  """"'  »»r  soyereijcn- 

*t  tte  time  these  uXiat^T ' '  '"'''^'^"«-  «£ 
*»t  Spain  had  repliedSul  1"^"*"=''*''  "Vere  .nad.  r 
»»«.  that  by  the  re\rociw  f  ^  '  T''*"*^'  **•  CevaJ, 
«nJthatpo,ye^regS  ;?'!f  .**»  ''■•««''>f  ^- 
had,  saving'the  ri|hts  ac«„.  ^7:""=*='  '^'th  the  limits  it 
ttat  the  United  sSfe,  c3d  t^  ^  "*'*'  P"'^''^ '  »"«« 
French  government,  ^  Tl    •/''*''  themselves  to  tl^ 
ritorie,,  which  might tftT'    '  *'*  *''»'"'"«o»  ^^  ter! 
"O'^ov*,  that  his  Catho,  i-  Tr'"     ^hey  knew 
'"gto„,in,804,.cti„g:':=,^^^^^^^^ 
«'gn,''  declared  to  the  aI.  "  '"'o""  °"^'''  "^his  sov- 
m  Madison,  that  the^^TnT  ^'""^^  "'  ^tate, 
•ment  of  France  had  ^hen  S    ?."\''''''''  ^^^  S<>vern- 
**erning  the  sale  of  Lom  i"  *!  t'tK^^''^^  "''J^*^'  '«■>- 
the  amicable  disp„.itirs  " |  tL     ^'""'•'  ^*''**«'  ''"d 

wa^tfer,  towards^heslstates    Ijf''  *"  ^ing,  hi, 
Jandph  the  opposition    Jh^hl'f  ""'-i^d  him  to 

*'th  the  most  substantia  Motives   uT", """""'  ''»'' 
against  the  transaction."  *    "  '**''  manifested 

The  bright  prospects  opened  tn  A       • 
^the  peace  of  Amiens,^  wej  dell    "'*" '='''»'»"=^"« 
War  recommenced  between  F™  *  ""''  transient. 

Auxerican  mi„i«er  aS^^'T  """  ^»«'«»d.    ^e 
trances,  from  the  bS    "*  **  ""*"'*♦  "Stained  as>* 

-ent  of         «,,  instSnfgrern"  *""*' '»  ^ 
eers  should  be  drawn  UDw!tl.^T-   *°  *•"«"•  "aval  offi,' 
««.  in  general  that  the  rigTt'oYCr"  ""'  J""'"'-' 
"ercisedia  moderation, Id  J^^i  J  ^^*''^"*  ^'-Wbe 

»on,  and  with  dae  respest  ta  fee 


UKI^ 


ii^possressierf 
thenegocia-^ 
»J  sovereign- 
'knew  aiso,^ 
^ere  made,- 
'9  M,  Ceval- 
->  of  Louigi. 

the  limits  it 
)wers,-  and 
elves  to  tlie 
ition  of  ter- 
rhejr  knew 
rat  Wash- 

of  his  sov- 

of  state, 
e  govern- 
esty,  con- 
tates,  and 
King,_hi8 
'd  him  to 
f'iod,  and 

anifested 


^  toOie 


of  neutrals.'*'    Ak^  •    '^  ^,  '^^ 

»fthe practice  of  i,"e"t,!r'''"'^^ 
f;r  signature,  a  co„,4  ""  t  '  °^'"  ■""'''''''  P-Pared 
five;^earMeclari„gthatri'  '*""""  '-=  f"rce  d^^'^ 
^.on,  should  upon  tfeS, ,  ■:;*':j'^?  ^""'^^fari.^^per! ' 

<^on  of  either  party,  be  del!  '.'"f  ^'*°>"  H'e  j^Si '    ' 
ship  or  vessoi    1.  .  '^"'*n''e4  Or  <at.„      •''1^'»V'C-( 

1      r  vessel,  bcloneino-  f„  rt„    :.      *"  o«t«fany 

^"^sh  ministers  at  iirst  oJ^     ^    ^''^^^^''^ent'^  .The 

.  ,    '*^/soQn  insisted  on  a         «.       ^^  ^^^ffS^nient 

sions,  and  thaf  H.  *  "i edification  nf  •  *  ^^'^f' 

'"gton,  shortly  after  Z'  ""''"  '""i'ter  ,t  W    °' 

,vmiea  .states,  that  «n^k I    ,     ^^^^^''^-^ent  fffi  ' 

"See  Mr  r;«  >  .  ^— -v.^ 

ed  Ln«  «r- 5^'?^'« 'ette 


"^•*^j4*j^f^ 


^  ^  ■  V 


I-o-Jon,  Jul^  ]^fj  t"  ffi^  Secretion,  cfgj,^ 


*ff  . 


M 


INTRODUCTION. 


wliich  mi"i,t  be  actually  invested  •  an<l  ^t 

vcssfel?  bound  to  suci,  Jri,  Zuld  'n7l'         '  *'"*  "^^ 

loss  thev  had  Drevion^ V  V  * '"P*""'"''' «n- 

tion  were  never'^eZed'^K "".?"'?  '"  «"«  'J*''^'"''- 
Great  Britain  become  more    ^^'         '""*"'^  *'«"«'«  "^ 

Tl.c-6,rtrage      rpressment' """"  '"*"''=^'- 
extensive  selle  ,  sZTTZTZTT'''' '''''' 
caped  the  loss  of  «  Mrt  of  i^  T     ■"■  P*""'"  ««- 

3^izUres  of  the  presS:     F.esrblo  {  T'  '''"^''^ 
Bounced.    The  rule  of '-?« ,  •  ''''"=''«des  were  an- 

it  of  more  Jorot  e/ec „  ^  '"'Z'""'-'''  "'  *  ^'"- 
l^mted  States  was  cutV  "Lrr  t  a  C"  "''•"' 
of  resistance  to  these  acc.m,„w--    •  *'   •  ^^  1"e8tion  , 

longer  a  party  ouestLFlr^/"''""''  '''""''  "° 
«an«  on  /his  cccasTon  flu  f^'!*"  '«t^''«  >^ell  as  repuMi- 
?«uuW'.  honor     Th'/,       "I'^'Sn.ties  offered  to  their 

era!  reseutm^nf  ,f  f'""""'^'  ^^*f  as  irionuinents  of  fed-  ' 

of  war  against  Great.B'ritaLt^.el„t%  1""*"" 
excited  to  the  war  key  •  not  Kv  !  /  '^i  ^  '^'''''"f  """' 
»ct.ai  suBerance,       ^  '      '  ^^  "'  "'  declamatio^,  but  ' 

How  evtr,  Pease  :bcin(r.obviouslv +),«*.       ' ..     , 

-*e  republic,  "egociaion  was  aZterft  *'"?r"*=^  "^^ 
pWcrable  to  war.  "doptcd  as  an  alternative. 

In  180S,  Mesws.  Monroe  and  P;nt„„, '  . 

-.-  ea-waifiarv  to  the  courtof  St.  Ja^ta  j'*' 


JNTRODrcfe*. 


"» 

V 


practicable,  a  rch-e^s  of  grfe^"'"        V    "    "'''"'"'  ^^ 
was  given  them  for  the  pTS    lV.„     7  ?''*''"'''-^ 

articles  of K„g.ish\,an«fHciii2';^:E "':''"■' 
was  suspended,  in  nrnnf  «<•  • ;        ■'-'"'  '**«**'. 

nate  the' then  e^Uti";!!;:;™  ^''f-  *»  te-i- 
nevertheless  i,..t.«ct.^  to  *   are  t„  ti    "i/r  ^^^  ""'^ 

'finilion  of  block-fde?,       "' "T""""'*'  "'"^  *'«=  ''e- 
>nd  that  «  ,vUbo«f  «         ■'  «''^°i"telri3,dispe,.sabl*y. 

Sysfenoving  the  Zl!       r!   '»f  Po-'ts  in  c^ontrorcr- 

impress,  tjrannj  ;  «  lLen;„       •.?      ^'^  ^''""'  "^^  «'* 
fee,  and'  .xpfa/J     ''^f, ;"' ' -/'fi'^'-ce  to  a.ur-  . 

'»  a  sense  favorable  to  thl    •  ^  "-""""i^sione.s  , 

»  state  of  i„f„r„.ation  ttT.    f "'  '•  »""  J"^8'»«  f-'" 

•'o."bt  the  safficiency  rf  r/  '^  ""  "nme«lia<e  cause  to 

<ions  :  the  envoys,  rather  h''  f^'''''^^*'  ""d   expla,,,- 

mthout  any  avra'.  emenf?  '™'.''-*^*«»'-S'"^a«on 

^'Bcacy  of  a  substitute  f:'a::i-"""?  *"  '"'^'^  "»  *^- 

tj ,  to  be  submitted  to  the  coW        '•  "''*"'* '"  *«  "««- 

*^c»t,  as  this,  accorirtorlT -*' t'--  6— 

commissioners,  was   the  o„,v  f     ^'^'■'''''*''^*''«B»tis.'i 

permitted  at  tt^at  time  to  rrL!"'"'^""''"*'  «'*/  ''«« 

stitutewas  presented  in  f^f*  "^  ^-^  *"'"■'•   Thesub- 

Bri&h  com,rissi„"ts  t"  th  \^:r- "'  '^^"""^  ■^•"«  *>•* 

,^-^  a  pledge  «  that  in^l^™-''^'' -.«'>-- 
-ouia  ne  repeated  and  enforced"  fol.Ti,"*T*^"*"'*»^ 


I'    '  ' 


16 


i 


INTRODUqXlON. 


^'<»«  any  molestation  or  i„i„^?,°V''*.^'"i'«d  States 
Pron.,,t  redrcs  should  bllZrJ^^  *"' ''"'"-d'ate  and 
t.c.^of  Jj„r^  sustained  b;^-!:';"^""  *"--  -F-enta- 

"  »a.  w-under  ccnsidera«„n  f  ""P'^'^'^nt,  that  when 
•^Pntaiued  In  the  subSt  ''**'«='»**<»>'  the  pledge 

,«na.,mnished  violence, ii  thcH   "''"'  '"""■"'"='' ^"f" 
■  *°'"*''^''"'^<lge<Idateoftheintt2;-'°''''''''"'°"eaf- 
».-.-e,t  thon,  that  the  p  actlaT    "  ffl""''  '''"•=''  ^«^«  *<> 
«*;co.Idnotbedoubt'd;.    Th"Sn.«f«^^ 
ty,  Miia  conseqcntly  declined      ^i'""  <thetrea. 
ministry  took  place  in  the  foil„„-^  ^^*  '"*''«  Bri«sh 
declared  ^7  the  Secretary  rffoS^a^'^'^^^^^        it  wa, 
that noengagements  «cre  ent.^pf •  5    ''  ^r. Canning, 
-aj^styas  connected  litn^t^i:  "°  «'«  P"t  of hS 
appear  upon  the  face  of  it !     ■    ^    ^'  **"Pt  such  as 

But  independent  nf  tU^  «  . 

topic  of  comp.ai"    the  British""'  ""^^^^  ""^  *«  S^<>«t 
Holland  and  Aukland,  by  coi;;,™"fr  »*■•«.  Lord. 
aeHvered  a  declaratio;  i  Z^^^  ^''^  ^^'^Sn, 
«^a    ,n  case  Prance  should  carrJ  r^.l       "*•  '*'»''''*<' 
<n  the  Berlin  decree  i^to  e^e^         t"'''^  ^""tained 
should  give  security  to  1^   Sh- '  tW  t,'""^'  '*^*^* 
'u^nitto  the  Fr4i,ch  innovations  J"  Th  7  T"""* 
Ple'lg'^for  the  good  ieha,iar  of  ie  r^W  I? '*''  *" 

«nght  seem  necessary  for  counfp,  w-        ,  ^*''*'*^^  *-«  • 
fi.o  wj, ,,  .  -  ^^  ^counteracting:  ♦b*  'J—* > 


INt^omJCTIONl 


-'"respeet,  a^  to  S  a  CtyZ'  T  ,*°  f ^"^  '^ 

toinihe  power  of  a^^nn-  •.  ™servedto  OreW^ri- 
•nd  made  Jtti?j"S  >t.^p™vi«ons  ^  pl*.«™  j 
•f Franc*.  ^***'^  P-iishaMefor  the  offen  J 

ports  «h„„,a  btiott  jr  ^'^ '"  '""**'  *"*  *»>«* 

her  allies :  or  S^l        ^  P"*"'^^'""  of  Fr4nc«,  or 
ti»t  British  voS'i*"  !:?''"•  *'""'  '=^'*«'»  - 

before  it  was  possTMrfXlftvf**''^*'"  ****>' 
k»ow  whatco»Lth74mi„f '*''*  ?°""^»««»t  ««> 
"'peciing  the  Bertin  decree  afrrr*"/  '^'"'  **^* 
•-««l  «f  the  existence  of  hTde^^  t^P.  V^  *^'^  * 
yna  aBMujiced  to  extend  A«  •  ,  ***»™S»5''8««ler 
American  commtet^  *  <>f  «I*l»«datio6*  o» 

,?»«.  *i»period,  to  the  memorrf,le  Wb^lf*  •^^«: 
*f^«o«,  lfiJi!,the  insults  and  JT  ^  ^^'  ^^ 
toin,  against  the  flaT  ^.       •«S^T'"»»  "^  G«a»-B*- 

.U-iJstatesterS'i:;^^^^^^ 

««W«ce8  wo«ld  fill  a  volumelf  2,   "ll'^^^^^^'-'^f «"« 

The  French  ^2I^^'"f"^^  We«>?«S. 

•8«le  on  the  .o«n  ^  Y  f  P*''^"='»  *«"*  ashorfiii 
kfT^"    Me  eoufhern  coastof  the  Hns*^  c*...:  T" 

=«««  signal  of  distress  flyinc.      a  »"  «T  """^*  *  *"•* 


IjB 


INTRODUCTION. 


■tiK 


•  f  trPTing  hers  violating  at  once  th.-    •  ..■ 
*9Pfment  wa,  offered  for  tht  „„?'***'  ^'***»-     ^o  - 

f^^St..).?  VuuitU  stat'^  "'  «■«■•  hovered «p„n  fte 
^i-J^cWwA  h,4:ot?  :;^P»-"«r  for.  „T  otter 
•"•^n,  outrage  our  fLliL,^  **'  '"*'^«  ««"•  sea* 
.•"l^f-jmci^  Wktionf  ""*' J!"'**'  our  territory 

«'^ oc^asiona^^rench  pri^tLT^h  r*'""*''^  *»  "-bdue 
««'^  of  tl„t  oration  £SeTr  f """"  "^^  °"'y  ves, 
..At  leagth  our  port,  L^     i-^*  ^"""'^"^  «»«*• 

»'«.f#Qir  cargoes  ^eiCenSj'".''""'.'    ^^" 
.vessels  a,  often  fired  ob      '''*°*'J'  t»'l»dered  and  theij- 

.  f  J*?  United  States  frieat.' ri..* 
^S>janga;di.tant  voyagetvas  ,ir.f '?*'''=*»'''yP"'«^ 

S^l  stiia  seven  forciblV  driri.^  '''=^'««W  lulled  and.woundJ 
tejjthattHey^.ei'Sr^-:^;th.^. 

«*hisfdarjn^^ddjrect  attack  nnnn^K  "»  :»«A 

t'.e-lA.ited  states,  eWi„teb"^w7t'^^ 
IM-orf*,^,^  hscowipg  indication  kT?  '»f*«*  America 

somej^easure^theZ;;^      V'^"*'*  wai^soothed  in 

Ws  and  Water,of  thISS  sir  ^'^^^'  ^"^^  *« 
.*^«fianc.ofthisprodama^„„,^,3^.^^^^. 

^fi^SMdtt^"?f"^'''iV'^*«  han^S at' 
five  wereformally  restored  if h'2'  ""•''  *e  rtmalhing 

1«1»,  after  having  been  held  h^h„n^°"''°.*«  »Pring<l 
aft<>p tKa n.u:.i.  ?  .r,    "eia  in  bondaa-e  «>«. .,«-!..    ?.^ 


lit 


»>fleutrali- 
'•ri  No  a- 


at 

WTRODUCTION. 


>opof 

■    ''5 

ed  at 


^«*ii^ 
•■**•*« 


1» 

tl^'^"'  Capt.  Love;  eritei-ed  the  waters  of  the  Che,- 
ap^ake  bay,proc„red  water  and  refre,h„.e„t« :  and  in  re 

Barbara-,"       ^      ,  '"  ^*''!*''  *°  » "  P«%  tj'rant  of 

er  station!  'n**';'  '»^«"»''ly  promoted  to  hi^h- 

trade  wlLrriealnVl  '  °'  'T  »^"  '"J"«*'^«'  'brisk 
Ami  \?  "  between  those  two  rival  cowers  * 

man  coa^t  frSe  117^ •  *^^  -"'='''  ^*'=''  """^  «*^- 
stateof„>rsM,Se  ^if  *°,*'  "^*"- ?»«'' ?»  « 
to  the  Berlin  d^eree  •  And  "I'T'  "^P""-*  ••«♦« 

of  war  5  a^d  even  places,  which  h6r  iiilfted  forci  S 
be  incapable  of  blorV»*ii»,^  i      """«"  lorces  i»»a<| 

wholP  imr.L    '''^^^^^'"g  5  such  as  entire  coasts,  iHi»l*    ' 

municatioM  of  differen?     ',•         °  '"**'™P*  *^*  '*^- 

comn.ercea«lf'J    S    f  r:,''  T '"  •'^*«°'»  *i 
those  nations."  ^       England,  upon  the  ruifl  J 

that  «:aR^yit.;S:f^'  ""^%f -"  *''^''-fl 
any  other  co.«*.,  ./.!...  !?:' ^^*'i*i"  """l  •»*"• »»«««  *  of 


'^ 


JNTRODI^CTIOK 


r"  same  were  actually  blorV»  .   .!    .     ""^'gation,  as  if 

^^^<^  have  betKf rrB^^f  «-^-SrC 
»  ^>een  officially j„fj;i\^"*'''h  «ove«,„ent,.  for 

^l-onaon,  that  expla^:  ^  *^' '^™''""''' «^ni»ter 
Pvertacthaa  been  *".,      """"^  "^contradicted  l,„  .» 

fOl*  t«  trad,  ^khSce^?"**  '^»**«»K»e'.tr.I  ves- 

S^.  ^^  ««'^tofthi,p™vi^l^*'"*Wwa;  a  transit 
American  flag  tributarj^LZBrir/''  *"  «""«'  ^o 

*?:»»^.*mepip,,,flj«^^^^^^^ 
I«^»t,c,^.bitant,  ot  that  dL   ''^'*''*'J^  '"■rnt  by  the 
^»e  f renpl,  Mij^n  deer!!  of'^  "  T  -^1   ' 

f*  British  „,de..„ftheT^t/fSr*  '"^  ««^'  <«W^ 
j;^So,ern«ent  ^^icipaiS":!'""*''-    TheAmer- 

^  resolyed  on  wit^d,^4' 7^*t^^^^^^  "f  Pol. 

^ect  of  the  order^.tfeeieesi^dSfr'*'^  ■*■''='»  and 
helhgerenfs.  *^  ■  *'P«»f  ^Wof  *he  two 

fA«^cpfdingly  in  December  ififv-       «         ' 

E  '"•"»"  Americl^S^nf*^"*^^'"- 
fhtMtly  after  the  pagga^e  ;/^'  ""*  mweWBdi^e.^ 

j>«*»-.%be«i^,^:-;--P2r^ho^^^^^^^^ 


INTRODUCTION. 


es  in  their  measures  effectinirn«i.*«  i 

render  th.toftheunu:?Lrer,:frtr"",'"'"'«*'* 

tlie  President, he  mm  .„,«,?      , ?   '      *''« J^'Jg'ncnt  of 
go  in  whole  or  in  p,^;"*'"*"'*''  ♦"  '"«P«»'»  "'«  Emb«r- 

Ju  March  1809,  the  Dr*.««n-«  „r.L 
wafaring  part  ofcoL.unftv  ..'"'•''■'''  "P°»"*« 
the  subHtifitinK  in  ifsX.  ^'  ''•""^'^ "'  '•"»"^»'  «"<» 
and  "o."mpori,t"o„  B,!r'"'-'f' ""'■  """"'te^courM, 
ciliation  might  rImai'nuS  '"7"*'  "'"*  ""'  ^oorof «>n, 
the  President  of  t  ^e  S^t  I  '*  T  ''*'""■'=''  =  "  ^'"i 
»  ca.e  either  France  ooltS  '  '"'  """'""^"'•^ 

•  .<-.■  modify  her  edicts,  as  ttat  th!t  T'"'.f """'  *°  '''°''''' 
the  neutral  commerce  of  1  r^.  ""'*  '"^'"'"te 
the  same  by  proc wL.  .  ""*''  ^"'*^''  «»  decl«e 
IJnited  StaiSrbe  ren.     ';7'''=''  "^^  ^™''«  of*^' 

TWsappeal  to  t  •XXrir*"''"" ''"'"S^^^^ 
•ffcctual,  as  though  it  Zn        *''',''«"'ge'-ents  was  as  in. 

TWs  deterJth  'i    ,rt*^ 

more  firm  stand     Th..  F       u    8"^«'"'""ent  to  tal^e  a 

«ere  excluded  fij  tie  hf  '"I  ^''*"''  "'"^^  "f^var 
^itl.  an  offer,  thatTi"f^'°^*'^  ^^»^'*''  States, 
the  5d  of  Ma  ch  181  t  T  P°''*"  «h<'«W.before 
as  that  they  should  cease  ^"-1':  "',  '^'^''^  '"'^  •="«'*«' 
United  States,  and  if Xothrrt  r  ""  T'"'"''^"  «"■*« 
three  months  kerZer  ,1       T'""  '''"•''''  »"'  «itWn 

"'  «ke  ma„ner,Xl";  onHft:  "  ""f  "^  '^^^''''^^^ 
nonimportation  law  should  ^t  t  "'"""*«':«=»•'"«  «nd 
monthsben^dvedan-ainstth.  *  "P'™«on  of  three 
ingto  revoke  or  l^SJ^TeSiS  > "  """'"«  "^  "^e""*' 
Thus,  France  and  England  were  nl,     j  ♦ 

•ng  of  equality,  as  itres^ted  our  1>     ^'^ "?""  "  ^•"•*- 
and  the  exclusion  of  the l   rLTl'^'T'!!''  °P<="ti"n^ 

altoough  EngUnd  was  th.T^-T*"""'"  *""■?<»**. 
^    o         ifna  was  the  ongmal  aggressor,  and  al- 


•;# 


2i2 


.1 


■It. 


INTRpDUCTION. 


«*'''i«"-d.,:  ;  "  ,;J';r"''«09.  an  event  occurred 

r'  r-  ^«d  To  leaA  a  si?;''""'"'*  *'"'  ^""ed  State,, 
*•  Ame„,.„  a„j  B;r»  '?«««'.  --cconciliation  between 

,  British  „,i„«ter,r.dt"Cr     **"••  =-'"»e.  th" 
*'fc<^1Vas  authorised  to  Icll^Z^IT.^T^  '"^'"""'  *»' 
V«  orders  in  council  of  Jin      *''** '"^  Britannic  majes- 
*"' have  been  witldral"'"^  ""''  ^"'«'">'«^  J80?, 
•       «^e  ,0th  of  J„„7;"o;A*^  '•'"P"'^  ««>  United  States; 

.  *uffieie„t  evidence  of  he  sTn  '*'  ^f'"^  *'»■«*«■•  »^='» 
dW  not  fiesitate  to  announce  bv^^^  f  '''''  S^^^rnment, 
te'the  loth  of  June  no,t  fh/r;""""'"''"  "  ""'t  af- 
G;  Bntain,  as  s.spenSed  bv  t  '"  ""•'•  '"''" 

*iel.t  be  renewed."  ThTs  a/r,l  """""««°'>"e  law, 
V  the  British  governmen  "''t  «u  T"'  "'"'  •'^'avowed  I 
of  «*  mmisterf  recal  ed  h,  '^.  ^'•''"^  *«  ""thoHty 
•or.  The  disa^o  a?  was  I'  '"'  ''T'"''"  '^  «"«<=«^ 
perfidy  by  many  i„  the^lej  I'T"  '*'""="  "»  "'*  »f 
«  «*«W,  a  «  fede,S"  ^e  ?i„  *  '"  '"  ""« ''-'ta.ce, 
.^Vroked    « the  arm  of  almi^h.^  '''"^*"«'  ^'''^^        I 

*ing  of  heaven,  ami  th '?^/^.  ''*"S^»"<=^'  th"  H  •  ■  I 
"nerican  Fcopie''to ™n  .  .,"'  """Sies  6f  «,,  ^,^.  I 
land."    '     '^'*''P'""^''«'«P«'Wious  nation  of  EAg-         I 

Mr.  Jacks..-,  the  successor  of  Afr  p    i.-  I 

*d  to  justify  .,  .  ,v  ;cc*.-on  Jf  i        ^'■''""''  ^"^'"I't-         I 

bj  referring  to  m   4  ■    >Hc!n         '  ^ "'*""°"  «*'"  »««»,         I 

viican  rejectmn  of  tlie  treaty  ^        I 


■# 


*f 


times  «8  great 
^ad  never  im. 
the  savages  to 
its. 

^r^t  occurred 
'^ited  States, 
tion  between 
Erskine,  the 
iffirmcd  that 
n»ic  majes- 
ftt^er,  1807, 
lited  States, 

ng  that  the 
inister  was 
►vernment, 
"  that  af- 
^*  S.  with 
'"rse  law, 

lisavowed 
authority 

a  succes- 
an  act  of 
iiistiiiice, 
id  which 

fie  i%ht- 

tf  ^  '  ,\- 

of  Eiig- 

ttemptr 
f  1809, 


INTRODf-CTIONili*        '^        ^a 

1806;  but  the  two  cases  were  not  i„  p„int.  ,„  ^^^ 
first  mBtance  the  American  ,u.„ciators  had  explicit^ 
appmed  the  British  govern,  .e„t  of  their  defect  of  3 

t.ons  contained  .n  the  note  of  the  .Wti.h  co.un.isi, 
ere,  annexed  to  the  treaty  of  180C  I„  *u  '  "  " 
•he  British  minister  professed  to  h    !  n  *""' 

»nd  the  execution  of  tl  e  Snl \  '^  -"1-0^...^ 

r.   dy  commenced.    Mr  Ja  k2  "•'^T""';'*  •""!  -i^ 
Pl^'e    ais   court,    ma^^t     I^:  t,.^:' ^e:""'' 
J%'nantly  repelled  5  and  produced  "Li  ^t^      "" 
On  the  5th  August  18in  #k«  i?        ,      ""*»»is8al.      ,  .,, 

relafipns  anno  ,2  t„  Gel    !''"''' """"'''''  "'''"'"''' 

minister  at  Pa  i,  that  i™         ^""**'"''S'  *«  America, 

1st  of  Mav.  l^^o'tZtrT'r^''-  "'■  the  act  of  th. 


-V 


1st  of  May,   1809    hv  "  kTT       ""  "' ^«  *^' "'^ '•"' 

e  w  t/C!^tty^ij:::r- t*>;e  f. « 

powers,  which  should  refuse  t„  ,1  ,  ,  ''*"'S'''-ent 
«f  neutrals,  he  wa.  authorised  tol?'''^'  *'"^  "S""*' 
c.-ees  of  Beriin  and  MiuT  "''"■'^'  *"*  'he  de- 

the  ist  of  N  vembef   sio't?  ""''*.'''  ""''  ^'""^  «"- 
effect :  it  being  „„d,too^  ^'f  ;^'""''  '^-^  to  have 
thatdeclaration  thepTo.    1    ,     f.  ""  '='""«1»ence  of 
i..  council,  and  renounft       ''''"^"'''="'«'-'^«" 
ade,  which  they  had  ""h   .'/''' P"""P'''^»'' ""«k- 
U.  S.conformabVtorLf  ;  "*"""'•••  »■•  ^'^t  «'* 
•■-e^r  Hgh.  to  h\  ^e^n;  :e7n74^^^    "^ 
As  in  the  cafip  of*  fK«  ^  ^"^"^n. 


■^f 


ft 


S4 


WlHoDirCTlON, 


^  ^«  ^.  had  either  v>i^    -1      '^'^'^^^'lai  effects      u  a 
"Pon  France  tJie  iZVu  "«''*' "'  *«  Poiver  V^'i         ' 
"a%  Lord  rw.        '  ''^'- <'«'nes«c  ;„,.;/!•'   "'""P"'* 

^^'n  an,|  Milan  m,>,t  1    v   **^  "*'''•«*  the  deer../; 
„        7'lv,  in  relation  to  1" t  ! '"''l'^''''^''  ^'n?!/ andl     ' 

""'r  to  assert  her  own        '"'='"»''*''*  "n  the  IT  s       ? 
jutor  of  the  Bnf   I  "»''*''  but  to  bcco,„„  .v        ""' 

"'■  Mr. 'E  *^;™  -"P'/  refuted  IIV^m"-    "-"^ ' 


I 


.# 


JNTRODUCTIGllC 


In  the  mtsn  whilp  iU^  a        -  ' 

for  the  last  time  the  ilT''"'"'  S«^<"-»'»«t  opene^l 
of  congress  of  miT       '^=<»»™»''ation.    /„  ^c* 

ther  shall  cease  to  Zujl    ^'^^  •"""  "««*«  a,  that 

'-X  proclamation,  a.d  that  thJ  res"' '"'"'  '""  «"=* 
""posed,  should  from  the  dZl  7*""^"'  Previously 
cease  and  be  discontinued  »  '"''"  P™<='amation, 

■Nevertheless,  Great  R.;'*  • 

cou„cil-4er  impressment?'!''!'""^'' ''"  "^'"^  i» 

'■er  mitigations  of  the  sa^T       "^^"'^  ^^^  Spain- 

'^estern  frontiers.     Atllf  ""• 'f ,"«  "^"^  **  ^^  »• 

■captured  nearly  1000  LroV  "r  '^'  '™'""  h*** 

and  impressed  into  her  „,     .        '"*"■'''*"*  ^■*«««'*-   ^ 

thousand  skme„,*:ht''Srb">^'"''"  """  '"  ' 
'^ho  were  denied  all  opportu^/  !  ^""eri^n,  and 

To  these  energetic  p^C"'^  *°  '''"'y  *eir  cluimn. 
P^rtpf  theA^ericanLlt    r  *"  ?''**^'''e  on  the 
;"res  of  the  accredited  fil^^:,"'""''  '"'^«'''  *«  'li^clo- 
^""n.  ample  eniltX^J^''l\'f'^»''-^,'^r- 
had,  >n  a  period  of  peace  a„L  *'*  g^^^'nment 

*o  alienate  and  detachX  "    "f«'«=«*'«"'  endeavored 
^ta^-  from  t,.ei.'grvlmen';r  *  »'•  *"«  ^e,v  E„g  jj 

«PPeal  to  the  sword       It    >'  .*''*''■  "S''««  hZ 
"•""ced  a  solemn  i  deSf  ?' .  ^-»---    pro 
agamst  Great  Britain  an  A     !■      declaration  of  war 
'WraUe  I8th  of  i,  Jeit  ^'''"'''""''•^' -  the '^^^ 

q      *  See  appendix,  D, 


Q3 


iA\ 


■-'.? 


m: 


»  .        -^r-. 


.   .1. 


J        .■■  ./ 


.(: 


jif\ 


HISTORY,  &c. 


»OOo< 


ti 


^^"'^ofGen.llv^^toDetrcit. 


it.  determination  to  ^1??         "  y°'**"*  ^***«' « 
Eriennd  St.  Cl  Jr.  ""^  "parating  the  l,kc. 

deiUy^OS'o^rtrSr^f  r  r*  '•^  *''•  ^-^ 

were  tobe  f,„„ab7tJ"i*f  ^^  ^te  of  Ohio,  who 
then  on  their  war  frl  ^  ^'"'"*  "^  ^-  »•  troops  , 
•the  caU,  Go^.  mL  wTthlr'^T'    ^"  •''•*«ce  to 

*;^«.  .to  the  u^^T^iz^'ztT/r^' 

same  month!  """"^^T  ?*  0»rton,  on  the  29th  of  the 

On  this  oceasion,we  know  not  whicH  m«.»  *»   j  • 
flie  unwearied  exertion,  of  Ae  Irernor  «,.    "''""•• 
"c  zeal  of  an  clawe.  of  the  Zfr  r   '  I  **  P**^"** 
requisition  wa,  more  ^^02^     "*"  ^*l  ^''^*  ^' 
the  first  distinctiin  we^am2  1    J*'     C^"*!*  of 

pew  c^nt^,  -•-t^^:;:^<^:rir^'^'^'*^ 


Ml 


28 
-  a.      »  WISTORY  OP 

•^-u-try'^  aluZcoZn^  '"empting  to  evade  hi. 

t'ong,  long  may,^<«^/ *;." ';'«^'«'>  «»i»  jou  inhabit ! 

Hanng  elected  thiir  officW™  ^^i jL  . 
'lomesticarrano-ement^Tr^  J'^''^''^*'^«<=««rr 

c.m«,their™..kt-..t^^^ 

„    b^Ve  any  preparation  iiaa  bLn  ^J  *ey«rrH^ 

rpceptwn.  .  NeUI,er  tents  noTfhl       »«de  for  their 

*»  '•,ate,.many  .i.ad  I^S^ST^*^'''''^ 
«>mfo.t.     'l1ieyre,4re^*^:^-^^<*.«»%«o,dje,?s 

«hed,,  exposed;^.  th,.i,a=le,„eS  0^1^      "*'^**  "• 
th.a  WAS  not  sufficient  to  cooj' &  °  ;  ^      ' '^^  ■^"* 

''"Patient  t..pop,.e;.ce^thei.^:j^i^^ 

he  third,  Lewis  Cass,  S^■  R„S''r"Si"''«J*^    W 
Jeremuh  n.  Munsbn,  mljort     '"    ^"^  Mor,Uxi  .and 

teens;  aM=  iftera  •ftaSS,bU„^4t^!f''>i''  fello^Ciit. 
and_thB  necessity  of  ah  an„«tiff'^  '"*'**  wf 'fte«tuse's. 
tee#,,fr,m  ever/ Sof  K:*"  «■•»».  SaM~«vZtf.' 

be  oneof  tl,em.    ShoVdtll'd^  "^^'"R:^^  .^H  WsellF 
|'v.s.on,  think  proper  to  Kfe'^i'l^thfesii'^^^ 

'"'Wdl  accept  of  it,  otherwisT  I  ^i^"*  *«"e«An»4l.d, 
W  firelock  »n,i  .„'.":k  Z^*]?*'  *  '"11  cheerfHlliv  «h„.,J,T  J 

-  ■       "-■ "  ""^  'Miu^;ii  ill  tiie  ranks  ^'  "^  —- v.^ws^ 


toy 


»*' 


to  evade  hig 
lid  be  first  to 
our  patriot- 
on  inhabit ! 
b  ^ou  have 

'  taecessary 
idearments 
canq),  and 
tbe^,aim*. 
for  <iieir 
►"  xpokii^ 
»eirhomes 
Jves  rwith 
rffioJdiei;s 
ft  Imts  Qi- 

^r  ..But 

^^y  were 

>■     '•   .  ■ 

't        r.. 

Si^ncah 

►rs;  .  Of 
on  and 

fur^isTi 

saiises, 
V^olun;- 
ci^pted 
npelt 
<^cond 


THE  LATE  VTAJL 


k9 


blS^  teS'  "TT  *"'  "^^P*  -reproved  V  ith 

evolutions  B.  i!.  J-  T  .*  *  "*"'*  "''«'"'  ™'««»'J 
Lei^Tnoo^f^fL^  **'^*'''"'  William  Hull,  who  hi 
been  appointed  by  governnjent  to  conduct  the  exoedi 
on,  hanng  „n.,i,t^,  on,amp»e„t  wa,  chiSged  C 
«^  commo„,^at  Dayton,  ta.  prairie  on^the  west  bankTf 
Mad  Biver^  three  miles  distant.  ' 

trol?":!^''^  »«^vi„gassembled  and  organised  the 
koops,,nobe<J,ence>  the  orders  of  tl,e  secreUryrf 
war,  had  now  only  to  surrender  the  command  Xm 

was  forJ^^/Tn  nSe^uts^^Tt    '"'*'"'^'= 
aadressed  +!,»  ♦    '"««<=»'«">»"»  and  the  governor  ad- 

«'rTr. ""^ ""^»»/»'«/«f  amy  0/  Oa;,, 

of  the  ste^t'-f '"'^  ""'  ^"P""^  ^'•»'»  --«>•»  part* 
^ree  J«,rf^  ^T     *'!,  '"'"•'■*^*"''»  '^  "''^  worthy  bf  a 

r^^  I'         ""^""^  ^«1  forever  continue.    Al 

r^y  you  have  made  considerable  advances  in  disc  - 
Pjne  :  you  wili  improve ;  it  will  soon  become  easy  fa 
n..h;u-  and  agreeable.  8«bor4inatio„  is  fte  Zi  !f 
Jscphne  3  order,  safety  .«,  victory  a  e  iL  etlt! 
««norco«ist8 in a«hono«ble dischar^of  duL  ^w' 
T^Ss""'^"'-  «-PecteachoSerac::^gt 
«h  drw,.;  »«♦„,  regard  yao,  officers  as  fethl^^V.,! 
^TIT±,.  •*'^.*««w"U!wayst^i: 


__  ._^,,,  „,  ^,, -Q^^  ^_^^^^^        attend  y© 


't^-. 
..^.' 


g'^at  exertion,,  and  the  Xf  ^t  **  *^*  f-m 
for  actual  senfcfe,  so  resrtfeSfc-^'v  *^*'^^"**'^j*<^'=t, 

«•»•    Long  maV  he  Ifrt  ih/iZ^i.^:    r^****  ^S*^- 
vatcd  Ste«oB.-    ■     '     '  '"^  '*"^*;»riifeTdoj-a'hrs  *t. 
*•  "^Tie  Crisis ^ae  Wirf    -  ■•»*  ,         ''*'^'*^  ''^^  ■^■ftf«^ivii/»«^  -  ■ 

--.    The  spirit  vfhiS.  i'  C  ^*^^  f  ^,  "f -T-^'T^ti^ 
"Ssion,  is  higfiiy  hono,'abI«  tnlv  "'^''^8*««1  ?»this  oc- 


ftir'in-heritance  S  :    .®^^'' '*'^.a^«'*<»««ed  t&«,^ 
^'jroned  with  a  balwiM.  SlT  '  t  f  ^'**^*'^  ««- 

•    ''  ••"'"^"'''««<--J 7o«T?oftj»taiily  to 6f.^"' '    • 


si 


If y6«  Should  beckllBdto  fai^lS^^fll  w" 
v.iU  manifest  i^^^ipcerit^^i^  y,i^^J^^'  :r»« 

nas  been  excited       In  ,mV    •      !7  *"^*  barbarity 

tueM«.d  of  A;fti£^S'4:!'^?f -''•'-^^^^^^^ 


remembrance  of  pT2l!l.*™*'*^'»'W«*'«*^telte 

i'-ii«riotftt..;i£sr'rr^^^^ 

•.-.A^onS-them,  vou  will  l,»/:!.u.J;^ 


hrtb«o<«to^aia^,/i„rt  ;^ . 


^ 


^^  HisTenv  OF 

At  the  close  r^;*GC3 ''\'r*''^J"'^^^^ 
covered  and  gave  sii  cW  "''''■*''''  *•"«  ^^op'  «n- 

mander..  '^  ">»8'strate  and  their  new  com- 

,MttI,e  d;%Sr'l^^^];:»^^^^^^^  the  ^th. 
Po^d  that  the  river  MiS^^Z^T''' ''^^  «"P- 
considerablepart  qf  the  Ija«  St' ■'"'  "^l" 
■boats  to  fort Loram  e, but  onierj„",1  •  """^^"'^ '" 
%  offending  the  bag^a^  by  water  the  r  """"'^'^^M- 
ders  to  the  troops  to^c^Zi^l'^^^«''^^  *^- 
rived  on  the  rth  ^'''*"''  "^^^f*  thejr  ar- 

0«  the  8th  a  council  wap  held  by  General  H„1I        . 
Gove^or  M^,  ^,,  ,„,„,,  Indfci^^f.^i  ^^ 

andJe^oLS'^^Bll^r'  "i-^-^^^-^^^^^^ 

bleac'.4,he  exhif i  J:?ott:Si"±f  '^'I!'***'"' 
Jng  as  a  youth  of  18.  Hia  *1,^^2^  *  '^*''**"'^bloom. 
graceful/,  ,  ""*  «M»ence  wpergpicuoiis  and 

tXhjnameaof'tliesechieftWeri.T.J.-  Oi.-      i    „ 
tu«h,  Monaham,  Dew-*  ««,^v  r      ,»?"»"»*"' Scu- 

^tr»e  I  Catawcj«',a7cut?a^^:^L!'S?if  ?^*«,Wyandot 

ll^tnbei  Ma-tha-me,  o,f  the  Min^triLe!  wt^f 
Bgl^fs  were  attached  to  GpnoS»i  w  •  ''*,^*^**  o* 
^^  in  ih^  K-ii!  .r  A®.  HS?®^^1  Harrison's  «pmv. 

^co;^no;T^;^:bS:^^jsi?^ 


\ 

THfe  tiATE  War.  ^ 

made  to  recede  th!.\^^^  /  "^^'aWgetets- 1,^^ 
from  town,  for  II.p  „..         '  r  •  '  P'*"'!!'  *<>»■"*  *  Wte 

^reat  Spirit,  w  not  onlv  nn  ^ii.  .^.  .  .,  ^ 

our  acart«..        He  nUn^:^ .  "I  ""  "***   acQondj  imt 


to  do 


re  together, as  broj 


si 


HISTORY  OF 


of  Ohio  wil!  feel  a  Pride  in  1.- 

«  this,  army  than,  wh  ch  1  ,  '"'  "°  "*'""•  contention 
«ndbr^v.r/  VHa^^e  TVr'^  """'>'-• 
whatever  deacription  it  mJ  •.  ^^''S''"'"'  orta 
«?e  fi-t  regim^t  in  t  *  ^iT'^H  **".  •."  "•"^^'  "* 
/''IJmg.to  none  in  smrit™^;    ^^  P*«ot,  of  Ohio, 

On  the  nth  of  i„     ^  ,'*'■"' ""•"•lor," 

"nspa«ed  Manner^.  Bfccltu '      ^  -°*'* '^''''■-  "*"- 
•  BmalMndian  viUak  ««?*."!  •'"'/°''"»»"'''  «o*"r 

'•^o„  of  excellent  levelLnt        '""'^  *»  *^*-«-« 
Mavmg  gained  the  river  tL' 

two  block  houses,  on  the  loufh^rT*""*'*  """•"''''S 
f  ty  ^  feet,  con'necid  bTa  sti/fl"''"''''  ^-"^h 
.port  wa,  called  Fort  MUrtW       "^  •*^'""'^'     ^'"^ 

■«>e  re;jr„n?7e  r^"::  ''*?'  ^•''-  "-"  »"i--  with 

»ent  was  detached  fortu^  C«'- Fipley'g  reri- 
^0flranchard^tJo7rr„K"'  '•'*«"«*''«  -<« 

«on"  ;^a  "S  cSrr'  '"''^*^'''  -"-  «>«  -ep: 
Fort  M'Arthur,  for  the  JL  e"^"^^'  "^  ^'^ '«« It 
•i.=k,  anddefendingle  forMn''"'^''?'''™**"*'"^*^'' 
ThefolloWg^al'^tlLZV'^^^^^ 

a^Ht^ol.  il-Arthnr's  on  thet  ft  ''  Co  Tf"* 
^■■^  of  the  4th.  anH  Y^«i  n  5  ^01.  Finlev 

^*  *>,.  J.  .' ""'  ^*'-  CasB  on  the  ririit  of  rJ 


#(^ 


ryontherightofthe«1.„ie:i; 


J- 


THE  LATE  WAR.  35 

marchihe,  the  riflemen  of  the  respective  regiments  form- 
eJ  the  flank  guards  and  on  the  days  thcarmj  marched, 
they  were  excluded  from  other  duty. 

Frbm  fort  M'Arthur  to  the  rapids  of  Miami*  is  150 
mJes  J  the  route  of  the  army  was  through  a  thick  and 
almost  trackless  forct  5  through  a  county  where  nu- 
merous  creeks  aiHl  rivers  have  their  origin.    The  soil 
of  fte  land  was  rich  and  moist.    As  there  were  a  great 
mny  baggage  waggons  attached  to  the  army,  it  became 
^ecessary  to  open  a  road  the  whole  distance.    The 
weafterwas  rainy,  and  man  and  horse  had  to  travel 
m.dleg  deep  .n  mud  5  frequently  the  van  had  to  halt 
for  the  rear,  which  was  «  often  detained  in  its  march 
in  relieving  waggons  and  horses  from  the  mire.    Twelve 
miles  from  the  Scioto,  the  army  encamped  on  a  swam! 
pjr  piece  of  ^ound,  where  the  mud  was' ancrdeep^ 

pnately  named  «  Fort  Necessity.'"  At  this  place,  the 
Ueneral  received  dispatches  from  Mr.  Atwatei-  tl.e2 
Wg  governor  vf  the  Michigan  tenitory.f    .  " 

€/al  a  very  unfarorable  account  of  tK-  ^lT^:w.lt^3Km 

rrMTAr%  He  was  present  at"sever2[^;;u:^"^^^ 
PJ  Mr.  Atwater,  with  th«  Chiefs  of  tlie  Wyan- 


^. 


hi^t^vg*  .. 


»ome eminence  o„•tLSfe'»^'*^'»*«4^-»a. han? 
tp.peneral  Hulk  Jhich  »m.      ?  '  *  ^^^ifj.  of  war 

';!W    regiment  .were  detached  t„        °    *^'»^-    Pol. 

country  winch  would  kW  A.  •  ^"^ '^'^arinvinf/i  7h2 

Canada,  ahcl  observed  t>m  \h^T  ^^^'^^^^dantwfth 
masters,  and  wmrMn/^i*"®v'^<^»J^ns  wer^  f?"-^  -'^^^^ 

lfe.iaan.»    ^     '  '^^^   ■    '*»^»«t  P«hor.  wfeiVK  > 

■    -      -    ■  •  .  w  ■  •'      ■■'■'       '  X  i     '"'TV^^' 


# 


THK  LATE  WAR.  g^ 

pervious  ai™o.tf«the  chirn/r.  r  ft"  "^'""'  ''"- 
c'd  b^  .  solitary  t...e  „f  tl 'eLdVrr""' ""'"''''• 
full  view  of  the  hro.rf  \r     •  ""''""t'o",  to  i' 

NeverwMthetirif  7'  »"<•  ''«  %««„  banks, 
their  re,rstoXZ    erfo:;,™r  7"^'^^"'  - 
ful  beasts  of  prer  and  un~T  7     '         *'"'*'  of  fright- 
-  pnesent^  t^  "^ir^ ^^r^,^^^^^     «- 
gtt^  and  magnificent  bevond    .       .  *'  a- scene  at  ohcp 

<>r- rolleaibeauti^'^rvr  ' ontT"!   ''"•'''^  *'•"■• 

t-upUtionoftheSI:*!;;*:^  '»"»*-•«*«.  the  con. 
to  the  almost  exhausted  sSl  77,^  '''''  """'^y 
them  for  the  fatigues  of  a  loncLd  H      "*"'  '""^  '■*?''"' 
fay  was  spent  in  fishin-  ,J.^Z  '^J7  """•<=•••    The 
lawtion  of  military  life  *' J'*'':"?  «"<»  in  the  usual  re- 
^*»  engaged  to  carry  a  o«an!;  r  r  ■!**  '  """"  ^^^ooner 
the  aimy,  to  Detroit.      About  ^n   ^^^  Monsit,gto 
«;erep«t  on  board,  to  whose  protecf'T   "'"'  ^"''"''''' 
Complete  muster  rolls  of  evLr.n  "'*  '"*""'**''• 

were  made-out,  deposited  in  t7e  trTr"^  'J'  "'*'  •"•'«"''••' 
the  schooner,  ft  is  even  sai  I  V7?l  ' '""'  P"'  °"  ''"ard 
:^«"tai,i„g  his instructionsTi'f '■^  ^r"^"'*-* 'runft,,' 

«n«  war  against  G.  Britain.^    ^^^  "'  ""^  "^^^  ''«'">- 
«el.     Fatal  error !  The  B n^ill  '°  ''"*  ""^  '"'«'-<I  the  ies- 
istence  of  m  ar,  capturp,l  tbo  7,       "'PP''''*''»f  th^  e^i        •, 
e«  of  tie  passenj:rs:;;/e:,";r"«f  "^^^  '-^^Ppr^c^.m   \ 


38 


HISTORY  OF 


olbuiWine,bi:rh:„  il;V^  ^P-Jafor  the  purpose 
tlTough  e  beautiful  cou^l  i  ^^  '""*'""'"'  '*'  '*'"^'' 
settlements.  At  the  rive  fa  ?.:?"""'  "'*'' ''™""''' 
five  Indian,  «f  the  Ot^aw  w  ^  ' "  P"""*^  "^  *'^«"*y 
«»?..   Wke  Iho^elt  iS   th    '*'"!•"'  *"'■  '^  -hi'^ 

o.  *'«-ve.!;«,:rri"o7  ii'"ST^-  ' 

regiment,  tommunicated  <„  ,.   .  •'^'*''*'^»'»''els  of  ^,^h 
that  the  Ge.e  JEo  j^eJ^^  ■»-  «><=  intelligence 

declaration  of  waTaga  ^  U«a"  7v  ""  "'■*« 
»».pe  time  urged  .the  neclss^rrJ  ^  "  '  ^^'^  «*  «'« 
and  distributed  a»w«rA«  1^  t  "'*  '""'"^'^^atioh, 
of  cartridge,.-      7*  ^^  '*"^P*  *''«  "^q^^'^ite  sunpi; 

*>n  report,  which  the  GeSud  h  ''tX^'''^ 
<l«ced  to  expe«  ^n  attacH  l' Je  t^' '^  " ? '"- 
I'ace.     The  dav  was  sn«r,/;  •     ^'"''=»''  »*  this 

n.ilitarv  parade.     T!.«jfr  r u  ^t"''"*'*'"'''"<»''»'»'of 

''iatel/onthe^ivl  0  'th/t  ''**"''  "f  '*"'•"""'  "»'- 
">ore  than  1^  yards  wide  an.I  r   f  i.?  *  "'"^'''  "«* 

nighf,  half  ./the  Sp^™  ,  'In  "'"  ?7 '  '"™«  *"« 
l^nval  „.ea«ures  remind  „„«  ofT  .^'''**  P'"" 
Great  Frederick  -,«'  «„"     V  ^  "'*'"""'  *><"  the 

|e  march  frrtlla^rtol^^^nr^VY,  '"«''^'  »^ 


11 


s«rf 


THE  LATE  W'a£ 


^-9 


ir 


in  the  evening.'^  The  nc!^,Il   7  "'        ^'^'^  '***'™"' 
general  order:  '  '"  '''""'  *'"^  ''«»»»i"S5 

been  removed  by  their  ly^v^^v.A  .    •  ^  *^  *'**^'^ 

had  not  existed      -l-l..^  l    "^  """'   ''s'n'ctions 

ti.esi„ceHt;tn\eir  ;%X^        ^>-  ''"'^^  --'-t 

voluuteer.  „f  aU  .hetnrt;?*  f  ^^  jf  ^'^ 
fuislung  tiic  differeut  descriirtions.  '     ''''?■ 

"  The  garrisons  of  Detroit    Mi-i.;!-        . . 
cagoandF«rt  AVayne    hlin      ,    "' ''"'"''^'f'ac,  Chi- 

0.- Ae  United  StatJ I^:  ^f, jt,"  '^^^  "'"-'-'' 
genera.  Hu„,  the  clt 'i:  .  X::"!/ ', ''"^-^-" 
nson,  are  informed,  that  .ongre.s  Z  l  '""i  '""^ 
ag-amst    Great    Britain.    a„,|  "t  *«'  '^^/"fcluied   „.ar 

place  their  garrisons  iu  the  best  r^  V.  """'^'"^^^b' 
fence,  and  make  a  rerun  to  ir  T  ""  ''""*  "^ ''<=- 
Detroit,  of  the  quant  I  of  , ,  *•'  '  ""'•''"'  '''^•'■^"i''  '^^ 
«-  on  hand  at  tl.eir  i^,,,  ,  :::':;"^  '"  ^-^-^t- 
officers  and  men,  orJnance  ,n       '        '      '"  '"•■"h«  of 

•-1,  and  ,h.  ubi!r;;r ;  ^!^^l'-r'■^^•''•^^• 
8|)'iugs  of  water  n«ar  this  ..  ;  '''''''•    '^'''"=t 

*iil  be  s,.nk  under  the  d"-  - '^  '•"'■"'"'-■'  '""^  ^«"*<^' 


'recti  .n  of  ti,e  .juy,.. 


Cr  i.iaster 


40 


HISTORY  OF 


General.    The  umorers  under  Cart  Tl 

-lei,  for  the  present,  to  ^TriSt^S;^'  ""-^^ 

^h.'u".SrE;:i>t^^^^^^  «««  *»  Detroit,  we. 


,«  ,^:^"v 


;     JKiti   "MitJ.ttt 


I 


V    i 


■\  i  V 


TTOi;^lEWAK. 


41 


J  .1. . 


.  .rTi;'AAifn;;j 


ii>,  ^  riem^fthe  Michigan.  TerrUc^  ^^X^r^ 

Ohio  ah^  tfie  IncUana  'remtorv  f^nm  x.;ki A  ;*  ;^^^^ 
ratea  by  a.line  (Ii-awn  Jiu^e  ea9t:fmm  fC '«,d{?!,;L.!? 


ctroitrhyr.  .    •■  '    /»^ -:^.ji '<ifi'(?:ji 

-  :  «  >1   -  -1.1  Mt;  ,      ,    .    .',  f  fl„,,,,,f  W«,k;  ^f 

•i»  Tins  JliifeOtas  iwwr  befen.  ru«i  HfeflieiiJ.fA-At'Wi. 

MlchWii  afae  kna  a  half '^.i^irofteif-f  Mf 
«J.«M  'carry  Ihe  K„e  entirelj  so»th-««)L  J^* 

tiaa  been  as.sumi.il  »c  *i,„  i:..„  "^  ■'««»"•« Jlw-lj^*' 


ti^s  lie^n  assum^<|  ^s  the  liue>  . . 


fi  ^>i;i!  €'(M 


*»     '-.  A% 


*0 


I'l.i'.cl*- 
•    a/: 


42 


HISTORY  OP 


The  gieatest  length  nf  *j     a     . 
*»  north  we.t  «  50oLle? 'f  *""*'"-^ ^'»'»  ^o"^'  east 

W'  es,  botJ.  of  land  and  ^L  U     ,?""**"  *^  «l««r« 
1  wcludest^-openinr J  f   '     **'"»*te<l  at  150,000. 

fake  and  river,  «d  J^ef  H    ?*'■•»««-«»>  Sl  Claii. 
fcOni&ins  riearly  the  »k!r  "*"  *"«»  Michigan,  and 

r"%/i>?e,    .  -         ■  ''^^^'  <*'««h  1000  are  of  th^ 

S^VCreek,  Huron -fntoC  V  "'■  "*'='"''•'  tables, 
E«.r<;e^:ahd  Bo„^;iS^^t'^l"''''•  "'»  *h*  A«x 
'•«'.«  thl  river  Huron.  '    *-  *'  **"^*  ?».  Clair. 

The  channel  between  lake.,  <?*  i-t  ■ 
twea^tftve  m».s  in  wl^f  ^t  <,la,r  and  Huron,  is 
•ride  aacen.  *  le.  feSaa'lr''"**  "»  *'*- 

W««m  ,      .,  ■ '^    -  *W.ch  w  of  eoniidm- 

.!^c  r.vm  i«nptjr  themselves      T^lr  *''^'  W^^^!- 

*e«ely  fertile.    KSatV£'tl"ri'*^ 
"*m  present   themaclves,St».S^L'*'»^''*''= 
.o.;A>ve.t  angle  of  the  penlnSa  Z.Ctt^  !f^  *> 

-.,.~me«r  0!  iirge  streams.  *•'  ■'■■"  ""=*»« 


.u7; 


THE  LATE  WAR.  ^3 

A  great  number  of  rivei..  imi  -■    f""-'^' . 
their  source,  in  the  ii.S„f  th.    "   *''  /'''''''  ■"'" 
lake  Michigan.    The  prinl«f  *f  t^""'"'^    ''«"*"*» 

StNichoIal  GrardlKTihLlVcr-'*^^^^ 
bay  of  Sagiana)  Rai«„    R.ii!      t/       * "  »«»'-^'>e 

(orVck  U  .!d7;  S^l  ^^  .^  J. 

most  condderaMe  of  the  whole,  andlfch  E„'\  / 

F.e„chC:%o,r  j,t  - « '^r;,::  d"°f'  ^^^^ 

nine  or  ten  miles  from  the  St  Jh.  J  f**"'*  "' 
sources  of  the  TherW  „av  '  M  f  ""^  '^"""^  *" 
which  falls  into  the  ienois?^r^  '"l-  '="'»**'  *•"• 

The  length  and  narrowness  of  the  line  of  «•♦«  "^    f' 
Nothing  co„.d\r^-"^  tt  -  "tfe^relir 

-ps,  the  laid  on\e  Jar^n  W^SJE-''"')*' 

■ght  and  .andy,.  a  feW miles  from' thelakei^tr  " 

to  be  rich.    M  Bet^k.  and  .1  "  «!     •        *  '"'°*" 

the  distance  of  a  n,.,^j.J^^^7  ^""^  *«  wstei;,  t, 
-«»«  .ntU  the  ^^^l^^o^^iSSiKS 


■*  -i 


U 


44 


ftlSTORY  OF 


continues  so  for  four  «►  «  ■, 

degrees  and  acquires  suff  !  T^'''  "''"^"  '*  "^"^  ^y 
purposes  of  cuuS  n  '  '^'^'^T  ^"'  *>"=  ^""•"•^ 
Miami  to  Detroit  andL  If  ''"'"'  '^^•'""  ""^  ""P^^  "f 
passes  for  the      p"  J^t*""  ^'^f*  *"  **  "*'='•  ""'•«"' 

tl..  interior  concur  i„  rtel      r;^  it      X"''  'T 
Fell  adapted  to  inJi^nd  „a.;igatio„.^  *"'  """'''^ 

«een:  a  cl.ampaign  count^-t  Z  "'  "'(hiUstobe 
ffordia.  iue/hauVi  ,e  g  il'in*^  ^J,»'- P-*  P-'k. 
.f."st.  4e!ightful  natural  .n^ead  "vt  "ud  the?  "'  '*'^ 
Jfpujd  be  almost  equal  tg  our  hav  .  ^l  ^*''  *^'"^'^ 

forests  of  valuaKl..  *;.A     """^^'W  5  tliere  are  a  so  vast 
,         ."•^'"^Wetober,  and  the  soil  evccef!;n„i^   •  k 
The  rivers  have  their  sources  f,«m  „^'    '"^^H'PSl;f  rich. 

-times  nom  delightful  inland  Ik  I     ulP'^'^  ''^■"^ 

/?f ?^/-9 -PpP^e  strean!  su^iied  bv'r  : 
prJ^e,  one  running  into  the  waters  of  I    r""*  ''"^""' 
|he  .«.,r  into  th^irthern  uS    'S^f^^'' 
JloIlan<i  ever  had  su/^K  «oi      i'    i  ■     ■•  ■  ^f  v^^^^pa  nor 
wf.te#ni^Sioif  ^.""*"-  ''!fe?fi?flSS:,  fir  inland 

more  nimerVus  thkn  te  S  te  i„S%. "".''  ''^'^  '"- 
villages  9n  the  r^^ers 'IvS^S^  n- ■'    '%''■'''• '^''^ 

tl.e  wI.i4^SlJ^^^?^"^'5^  «V.%iicinit>of 

ihe  riy4,'tl,af^„tv.'*K   Q  '  '^''  f^"^  P"^'  ^''''''''it 
a  •  -.-. uli^M  f^.fh^'^S.m? Kv;and lake Michj- 

•"i»-^tMKe««rsi,„fZ^^w-;t„'^;.^^^^^^^ 


THR  LA-ra  WAR.  45 

renders  itof  very  Uttle  important  i^tha^'ri 
miUtarj.  point  of  view.    At  the  entrance  iLteML 

In  addition  to  the  two  peninsuliU  ilrted*  mentj««*l 

.•  In  1  res,  the  Saakie  and  r»..v  , 

prised  the  British  garrilon  and  m^f'^'y. '"''•'»•'*  *»"  * 
soul.  The  8uccesranr"^^«it?.ffT*''/'''^'y  «»«'y 
ders  It  interesting  to  militl^v  rlfa  *■>«  *tf»tagem  ren- 
•"r/S^'ne  tfce/cauTS^ti^i  *••*  T^ese^'lndiaiis 
a  bat  and  ball,  •'n.e  bat  ?s  abnn?  f  r'  ?'?J'«''  *i* 
curved  and  terminatint  in  a  ki,!/  "/  '^*^  "•  '«^. 
Poste  are  planted  in  thel4„nd  at  th^^^T''"*-  ■^'» 
a  inde  or  more.    Each  nS*v  h.  *.     "  distance  of  half 

Sd^Kf^f  ^A';'^''  »'  the  be^nnin*^.'  Tn  „"1.,1'  !!*: 


46 


HiSTORy  OF 


Jiouses  foriniii  r  fu^.  „     . 

t"«  acre,,.    There  are  hei^l.U  !  tJ  '""'  ""  »'•'•«  of 

tanc*  tM  overlook  the  fit      V.  .     ''"""*"  "''»♦  'Hs- 

the  w^ter  are  several  «£«;  aS    k'"  ""^  '""'•*  »'"' 

ho^weg.    The  houses  are  „^ti„!    ''''°''*  5»  O^e'JinR 

tqUrablyfc„„„,„ji„„;''»^«"'*''e.r  appearance,' a„.l 

»  -;a-  WhUe  in  po4i:  of  th  "bk/V''."  """' 
«-as  the  genei^I  rcid^ivoUs  of  he  nn  r*  '  **  ?'"«« 
^nd  the  IntlUns  they  suppji/j  *„"»';"'  "''^t  trader. 

'.ttatof  its  adversririp?  .   *i'k^  ._  •  "'V  ■'•'ke- 
mttch  vidlenee  and  noL     TLiP""/  '?  "^'endcd  with 
f  dajr  to  display  their  skill  aTfe  *'7  •""•*•?"'  ^^d  on 
h«I.  wager.'  /„  the  mt     ort£f,u'"''"h  «"''  f<"-  " 
when  ,a  great  part  of  thrsarloKf'  ""^  "*  "^  <"ne 
tcene/rpin^iotives  of  cu,1ostv  *!.»."*" ''««'»  *»  the 
Nt  akf«ll^-uriven  whC&  "it  '^'^.'^rsnedly 
llns  M-as  tfib signal  for  ihl\Zl  ^^j^^,  °^   f'e  fort. 
«r  part  rushed  Sto  the  f  ,rf   \u    .     ^^''*-     The  ereat 
as  though  inpursu  t  of  h^tfl  "5^6""''  =^»"4 
"*°««d  kiMin^the  whk?« 
^,-    i"  *=nS'"h  trader  conceaWn„^,r\'**'«  "''«»t 
of  the  Frenchlnhabitanfs  hS?«iJ  *>  '"  *«J»ousc  of  one 
aperture  which  aftordedlim 'f  yi f  Ili-T""'  ''^O'*^  ^u 
fort.^    He  describes  it  as  follows^    In  *^"- j".'"  of  tho 
the  foulest  and  most  terrib  rjh;  f.:  ^  !"=■>«",  in  shapes 
fcarbanan  conquerors,    "ife  rv/f"""^  triumphs  of 
mangled;  theVing tere writhhfA"f'T  ?<;"'P«d  ""d 
the  Insatiated  knife    anHllS"',"^  s  "nkiiig  under 
todie?  of  some!    Led  ,*Tr^'  t"^f'»'"  t"^ 
dnnking  the  blood,  sVooDed'^n  ;,.  X^'i  .V'^'^''^'"  " «' e 


THl  LATE  WAR.  ^^ 

Detroit  is  ili ":  chief  inwn  nf  *i.«  x      -j. 

M  on  the  viuhtZklttT-:    '"^''  "''''*"'" 
lake  St  Clai,     ,„  I     \1  *'■'"*'  "'»«  ">''«'  below 

lake  !5t.  Clan,  and  eighteen  above  Browhrtown     IT,. 
to«n  contains  about  tu-A  »,...„i     it        '"^'"'"-     ^n« 

inhabited  by  upwal  of  twel-i  ^'""*''  ''^''^  *"•« 
The  suburb,  extend,  „!•         *'"'"'""''  '-i^Wtant,. 

and  down  as  fa   a?the         T  "'  '^"■'"  '"""^  '^•-  C'"''"' 

-t  and  Pop^i^tSe  ori.":r  ert''"lhc'''^''- 

>»*ter.    There   arl  >  ^?*"'*  *'"'  """'■''"  <""  *''<' 

b.2idings/thoLrthrr  *"''«''"*  "*«""  ■""•  ^^^ 

wood,  't„  e^^f J  t;s;r ''"  '•"■  *'"'  •"•^'  p""^  of 

extend.ack„p:a:^::;:S:r''^"!^*''!"^«f; 

T|.e,  fo.,ificaLns  clS ''  ttl'^Ll  *''*?f 'i 
a'-my.arriveddt  Detroit)*  M> Ktr      n    *"•/  ^'""'^ 
>-w.p8.l8  ot  ea».th  „„^lL^r^{  ^*'^*"'"  ^Sn^tnucted- 
a  double  rowT  'X  r".''*''  ''J'" ^itch,  di^erid^tT  fc^ * 

areaof  the  fort  iLL^t^•:r„d'^t^^^^^^^  ^"^  ■ 

extensive  commons  in  fK«  ^  '     ^  "®*'®  are 

aa  easy Vrid  s^fe'rkLiifr  ^^'^  •*  "flfi*?,  which! rt&rj 


<  ■  ■-       *>  j?  J?<'«'  called  IJoi  t  Shelby. 


>f. 


been  greMi^ 


't: 


^t'^r^ 


i    J 


a& 


^ 


^^^STojyr  w 


it 

stretches  of  tlmt  part  of  Vtber  Cnnn^       ;  •  . 

««*  'Ae  scene  of  Gen  HftZ^t'  '"^'"^ 
ration,. ,  '''■  '  ""^^"'^  «/f- 

At 

««=  mouth  of  to  nJl/if  f  "."T*-    I""»«<««teld  at 
^al<ie».     The  .f.^* '-^  above  «t.„d,  the  fort  of 

^•u  .omm  .bo7m  ho»t  Inrr  ""i 

^4  JWBj  ttf  hewn  W.      v..  """'**'   Pn"ly  framed 

»*«^reonvenie„ce«  for  «hipSil«     '-A!  h""'*"'"* 
the  shore  ia  i»  »  pwne-  .„  .^  """mg.     ihe  descent  of 

SM^«P5  thiCEcur?'''irr '■'"»'  «'«^''t«r 

Opposite  the  pUce.  at  thirfu*       ***  "^'*  ««»*«»W- 
the'^tsland  of'^S^-;'^^;,^  <U,to«.e  of  200  .tard,,  li„ 

Seate....e.hipe,.i:f-:£i^^^^ 

worthjr^of  its  character-li  X  V  ^*?  appearance  is 
Bmbug,"     These  «.«.;i.         •  **  and  as  ffloomv  as 

extortion   and  inLmanitv   fr  ?k  "■  P"*  «««-e>-in»s' 

_     -V  --'icr  experienced  at  the  pla^^""^^'""'^   ^"« 


Tm  LATE.  WAR.  40 

The  inbabiUnts  are  composed  ofrcnegado  or  loyal 
Americans,  Canadian  French,  and  a  few  Scotch.    'Ae 
greater  part  are  distinguished  hy  a  decprootod  hatred  of' 
the  Ainencans.      Several  agents  for  the  Indian  depart" 
ment  reside  here.    It  .s  here  that  the  Indians,  hoMilc  to* 
the  United  States,  receive  their  presents,  their  arn,s  and' 
ammunition,  and  many  of  their  prejudices  ;  it  is  hW' 
that  the  scalping  knife  and  tomahav.k  is  openly  „Mdi. 
z-<f.  It  19  here  that  tlie  savage  returning  from  bis  rtiurJcr: 
ous  eKcursions  on  our  defenceless  frontiers,  is  carresSed 
and  rewarded  according  to  bis  success.     Many'  of  tKe' 
inhabitents  disguised  with  paint  and  the  hahilimentslif 
Indian  costume,  fought  at  the  battles  with  Manner,' St. 
t  lair  and  Vayne.     Tliis  long  and  fi«ilii,r  intercdu^^. 
vw  h  the  savages,  has  not  been  without  its  moral  cfleit!" 
White  men  have  acquired  the  ferocity  of  their  ta^liy 
associates.    The  softer  sex  has  not  escapcKi  theinflni 

!n"fh;  ,/  V  '",^'  *"*  <^«  «Wbitio„  6f  human  scalp.,, 
in  the  streets,  in  the  most  terrific  forms,  by  the  Indiais 
Produces  ho  emc^ttii.  of  hiirro.,  even'  irthe  feS 
~JJ^  »P«*t*>'«  has  become  so  familUrfo  the  eVe,^ 
that  >t  has  lost  th^  interest  of  novelty,  and  is  viewe* 

with  as  much  i„diftr,Acft-is  webehojd'^the  ordinary  A. 
jects  of  nature.  '  .  V"". 

-  The  whole  Penlnsul*  of  iapper  Canada,  is  a  ch«nbaiini 
country.  The  lake  C6ast  i«  settled  to  point  au  S 
.6  miles  east  o  Maiden.  This  poin^fi  d^oiis/rfS 
We  projection  into  the  lake,  and  is  tlie  mostsoufl.et'lf 

Eh  a!  "  '''f '  *"'"""*^  .n  the  confinlff 
Nouh  America.  Between  this  point  and  Maldei  «<6 
nver  ^^Cedre.  runs  into  lake  Krie.     T^^m^ 

^-_  „  _^,_,,„,,„  u«a  Maguago,  are  neai 


50 


mSTORT  OF 


tied  to  the  distance  of  20  miles.      The  strait  1.  , • 

«*ot..thefort.is  divided  into  tro  cha„„ri  t  c7" 

I^U,  about  5  miles  long.    About  midway  offP   .  i*^ 

on  the  Canada  shore  of  the  river  T!*^  «r«'"  Island 

;;jnvi,.^.5„dlesfromWt^^^ 

^ke  St.  Clair  comes  m  the  river  ^,u-  Co„ri«r</, ,.  ,  deen 

maddjand  sluggish  stream,  ^bout  80  yards  wide  •  thTn 

t!  f       **•    ^"'.  ""'"^^  '^'""  Aw  Connards,  runs  in 
r*.  kyynver.an  inconsiderable  stream,  but  de^pand 
m«|%.    It ..  7  miles  from  this  toSandwioh,  neariy  on 
posUpPptrolt.    The  whole  , distance  is  tWoLh  a  rich' 
dehghtkl  and  populous  settlement.     This  place  Ls7„ 
craased  da  b-Udings  and  improVements  ^'^ 
There  «  a  j^l  and  court  hpuse.     Both  sides  oTtife' 
stra.te  exhibit  a  most  cheering  prospect  in  ,umn,er 
reaches,  apples,  grapes  and  almost  everj  other  species 

fS;  ce"  'rr''- *''  •"  ''"^  Sr^^^test  perftctlo,  and 
^hvndancc.  In  the  v.c.wty, of  Sandwich,  a  mission  of 
^f  P  W  ■«  established.     Ten  miles  ^bpv«  Sandwich 

S  *^^.'•''^^*•  ^'r  "«^l7  iP  ra  circular  fo.;m, 
oO  miles  in  diameter,  and  100  in  circumferences  of  ree' 
i).ar  depth,  and  about  three  fathoms  xvaier.  T^  dr 
^.ilesjfrp^  Sandwich,  th?  Le  Bejle  river  runs  into  lake 
»^-4,{iifr  frpm  the  east ;  this  is  a  small  streim  50  yards 
wi^5^,,14,«lep  farther  in  the  direction  of  tlw  month  of 
lUe  Thi^ii^es  is  seen  the  river  Buskin,  imnning  westerly 
in*?  lake  St.  Clair.  The  river  la' Franche  or  Tli-vmes 
-»•— ibsgues  its  waters  on  the  southeast  side  ofthe  lake, 
■bout  the  size  of  the  Jlobawk,  Slienaiidoah,  or  Ken- 

A  its  COlirSP   fl   Hffl^  cnii4l.     ^r  ^^^j    .     I-t-  l  ..  ir 

■T  "" T  •:-.::  vi -aj5i      1X9  uuiiKs  are 

5red  by  natural  meadows  and  tracts  of  wood  landn. 


TI^E  LATE  WAR.  jj 

The  river  in  narigable  for  small  vessels  to  the  fork,  1.1 
m.  les  from  the  lake.    Here  is  the  town  of  Chatham  fo.m- 
ded  by  Gov.  S.mcoe^     Twenty  miles  higher  up  is  the 
Moravian  I„d,a»  viHage.    The  distance  from  this  to  the 
he^  of  lake  Ontano  .s  140  miles.     The  road  leave,  the 
rner  at  the  Indian  village,  and  strikes  it  again  at  Dela- 
tvare  25  miles  higher  up  ,  it  then  crosses  i°t  and   on  i! 
ues  through  London,  Oxford,  &c.  and  crosses  Grand 
R.yer  neai-  the  Mohawk  villages.     In  the   township  of 
Delaware  IS  a  valuable  pine  forest  belonging  to  the 
crown.  A  httle  below  this  on  the  left  bankofthe  Tf.ame«. 
.s  the  Munsee  Indiaai  village.    The  land  in  this  part  of 

farms  5  on  the  nver,  nch  bottoms  5  then  a  gentle  rise  of 
beautifully  timbered  land,  to  wluch  succeed  opeZ'"s 
well  calculated  for  raising  wheat.  openings 

ciD^'wbvA"-**''-''"""^''''**'*''^'*"*^  "="'«'!  PHn- 
IZ.  ^  A-nencans,  partial  to  the  Unit.-.d  States.  O™ 
t^e  mavgin  of  tl,e  straits  a-  ■  ..  ,«  st.  ci^a^  anj  Rrif 
he  most  of  the  jnkabitants  ar,  French,  w",  (exceftW 

buncpe  S^.  would  alone  furnish  a  surplus  .uffic!n   r!' 
tile  wants  of  G.  Britain     Tl,„  „i-     T-     .  ''''""-'«"<•  % 
thatnf+i,»    "•  """""•     iteichmateisaboutasmiJdas 
tkat  of  th,  western  counties  of  the  State  of  New-York 
liJtteiisiveand  valuable  trar.fa  nf  i,„.i  i,       1. 
by  the  British  crown  ^^  ^"'  '"*»  "'''^'^'^ 


52 


HIstORY  01? 


»it 


Ifwawn  of  Canadit. 


,v 


T       . 

XT  will  now  be  necessary  to  return  to  the  head  qfi&r- 
ters  of  Gen.  Hull,  and  resume  the  detail  of  military 
movements.    Tliree  miles  belOw  Detroit,  are  the  Sprint 
wells  or  Belle  Fontaine.      The  bank  is  here  about  30 
feet  high,  and  presents  one  of  the  finest  prospects  imag- 
iiiahle.     It  affords  a  full  Vitytr  of  the  Cknadian  shore  for 
IP  or  15  miles.     The  soil  is  drj  5  the  water  excellent. 
On  the  morning  of  the  6th  of  July,  .Col.  Cass  was  dis- 
patched with  a  flag  of  triice  to  Maiden,  commanded  at 
that  time  by  Lieut.  Col.  St.  George.*      The  object  of 
his  mission  was  to  obtain  a  restitution  of  the  baggage 
>nd  prisoners  taken  by  the  British  in  the  scho^ner^dis- 
^tchcd  by  the  general,  from  the  rapids  of  the  Miamf 
In  this  demand,  he  failed.    H«  returned  to  camp  accom- 
panied by  Capt.   Burba'nks,  of  cHc  British  army.    If  it 
were  unwise  to  send  the  baggagfe  of  tlie  am^urider  the 
guns  of  the  enemy's  fort,  exposing  it  to  inevitable  cap- 
ture,  it  was  worse  than  folly  td  demank  its  restitution. 

On  the  7th,  five  pieces  of  artillery  w^re  brbught  from 
Detroit  and  placed  on  thci  bank  M  front  of  the  encamp- 
mejit  at  Belle  Fontaine,  in  a  kkuatlon  to  annoV  the 
enemy  at  Sandwich.  Orf  the  same  day  the  general  held 
a  council  with  the  principal  Chiefs  of  the  Wyandot, 
Shawannoe,  Senieca,  Pottowattomie  and  Ottaway  na^ 
tions.    "Thf^y  promised  to  adhere  to  the  United  States;^ 

*  It  is  not  accordinc  to  the  rules  of  millfn^v  ^^v *i„ 

to  make  a  s^jpereor  officer  the  bearer  of  alagoFtruce! 
to  one  oftn/eWorgrade.  ®  ' 


THELA^JE  VVAR. 


^ 


■   On  the  8th,.  the  enctiii])meiit  at  Spring  welli.^M 

abandoned  and  the  army  took  a:  pwtipn  u^■,^  -y^ 

of  Detroit.    ,  From  this  ;tirae  to  >>  12th,  ,,«^er(i|»mi 

were  wade  to  prepire  for  the  inten^iid  inii^b.«>n.   ,3*. 

arms  were  repaired,  and  a  part  ^■Of  the  ordi^apoe  nwimt- 

edon^carriages.    Six  hunzted  of  the  ,territo««l  injuria 

rallied  Under  Gp^.  HuU'a  Wandard.    The.mprtwS 

ic  exertions  were  made  by  the  colonela,  majoS  and 

captains,  generally  ttf  impress  upm  the.  min4,  of  ih« 

troops  the  necessity  o»strict  obedience  to  orders      ' 

The  attempt  of  invasion  would  have  been  made  onl^e 
evening  of  the  10th,  had  not  the  ttBaWthiwi»M.ari»itV 
some  disorderly  men  kept  the  eoe«y-»„  the-.tertik'T 

n..^!  °r*o  "*  ^"'-  ^'Arthur  marohea^hteltei. 
ment  to  theSpring  *eUs,  foi-  the  Hi^iie  of  n*«fcte»le 
intentions  of  the  General.  A  few^boats  «fe^nS 
the  detachment;  the  affected  noise  WdtaWe  e"S 
moveme„t,had  the  desired  effect.  The  British .^ml 
^  levingthat  th.Ai^Wcin,  were  deseenfih|  tj,^!^; 
for  the  purpose  of  tttacking  MaMen.  dr*w  W  tfc«r  i'l 
ces  towards  that  post.       ^..xi...  ^..1*^^^^**- 

a  mile  above  the  town,  opposite  the  lower  4tJ£ 

GeB.;Hull  at  AJbanr  " '?t*'***\*^''^^«*>=^*^4  o« 

aritti^  ""r  «»«=W«ts of  tl^ib  kind  W* 9e««Tedi^'o«. 
armies,  in  tb«  ceursie  of  th«»  wi ►  tu  ^^'^™^*i  *iJ;  0¥ r 
^n  camp,  13  not  onlv  a  u«^i  J?  ^"^he  practice  ot  firing 
endahi.V«  J!!  K.!"!^  *."?^^«88  ^aste  of  ammunition:  K«7 


■^^3a  &..1? 


•E  ?' 


^/•^'/ifei 


>^-*i   ■> 


>  >^M)#(Ci. 


■  iji  t 


«/* 


y/ 


^:^ic? !**;■«<;  v%'*::a-«^ 


'94 


HISTORY  OT 


felted  a  lft«diii|5withotit4|)i»«Jtion,     TheTemaindar 

f^f  ***^^**^^^^^-  Biwill)*isj^iWK5%  apposite  Beind^ 
;*rircf«(Hdwhig«dd^eS(*^oitfie  %dialHtuit9  tcf  Caucbi, 
was  festret  hj  libe  ^Omem!,  .««d  4li^nfaKtt4  by  la»  «r. 

P'^^7l»4^,^.hpeii  i^ivwi.^o  jwms.,  3:jw?.  i^\M-i<af  and 
?I^e  f^^ciw^eiieft  ihe»  no  ?^t^nAti>e  but  manljr  r^- 

neither  danger  nor  difficulty.  I*cwie4»  4»d.ei^^ie|j, 
i^t^^a?«at^#^W.  J^tPme ^9  pw^t^Wt jt^A^ittr^  you. 
S«par*ted  by  A^  .i|w»j&9^e  pcew^.apd  m  Axteftsiye 
wilderness  from  Great  Britain,  you  have  no  participa- 
tion in  iier  Gonsc^d,  1^  interiest  in  ker  iHHulKGt    you 

;*^alk4  by  *he  *'re*id*  JWe^m^ 

T  The  'G«]|«FaI  is  smdi  t«^v£!  bce!n|jatt(nig>the  last  io 
embark  |  as  his  boat  touched  the  C^n«dian<i^jnii;he4ias 
h^^ard  to  exclakn^«<  29^  (iM6alr4mmattdrmMM*jmat^' 

i  The  American  camp  |«resented  the  form  of  a  Mhm 
squarev'  A  breast  work  was  idirown  up  mtjt\0y  jiii^, 
except  that  bounded  by  sthe  riwer,  wimh  <va0  4^«Qded 
-J  artillery  j  it  was  inaccessible  to  an  Indtao  iataei;;, 
whenever  venture  to  expose  themsely«9:to  the  reach  of 
artillery  on  an  open  plain. 


^i^-: 


TIfiE  LAT1E  WAR.  g^ 

hftve  felt  fc«r  tymnny,  you  haye  seen  her  iiijwtice 
But  I  do  mrt  ask  yxw  to  avenge  tW  ©«6,orto  redres^ 
tJie  other.    The  United  States  are  sisfficiently  peweiM 
to  »«brd  every  aecurity  conswtemt  iwth  their  rightB  and 
yotr  expccta^ione.    I  leader  ijroa  ihm  mi^aluaWe  hlea* 
sfeg8  «f  iji^il,  peUttcai  and  rd^ipm  mmriy,  and  tiisk* 
necesBirry  result,  ladifidital  wd  ^je^i^i  prosperity  . 
that  liberty  whieh  gave  decifion  t»  oi»r  cowfls,  aid 
enei|jr  to  ow  cwiduct  in  a  atru^  for  fiMiepe«de«ce  j 
^idi  coaducted  ue  «aftfly  and  «i4un>pliaiiily  «imigh 
the  stormy  period  of  *he  revolution  5  ^at  liberty  wfdeh 
Jm«  raiscfk  us  to  an  elevated  rank  a^ofig  ^  Mi^owi  of 
thewrldjandwhidh  offered  *o  a  gi%after  mw^aw  <»f 
peace  and  ser    Ity,  of  werfth^and  kifpfoviMWt,  tiw 
ever  feH toCv     i  of  any  people.     Ih  ^e  name  of  «iv 
country,  and  the  authofity  of  ^ownimkA,  I  jwomi^ 
you  protection  to  your  i)ers<mg,  property  «M»i  ^ig^g . 
remain  at  your  homes  5  pursue  your  pewic.  .1  ^d  cus- 
tomary avocations  5  raise  not  yourhmlo  agtiaattour 
fer^hreii.    Many  «f  your  fadiersfeu^hjt  fortl^afaseibin 
an4  Midependenoe  we  nowei^oy.    Bang  childwm thfire- 
fore  of  the  «ime  family  with  us,  And  he»r*te  the^e 
heritage,  die  arrival  of  an  army  of  frienda  must  he  laSlcd 
by  you  wrth  a  cordial  i^eknme.    You  will  te  emancipat- 
ed  from  tyranny  and  oppression,  and  res^oixad  Jthe 

Ttr^*''^'^^  ''^^  y^  As«i^an«e,  fe«M,ap  Jt . 
J^T  ^7ZfJ"'  ''''^  contingency.     I  have  a  %ce 

®*****«^t,W!4^-lfl#taxne6tatian^.m---..n*.,/,.«„ 
aHoiiW^fce  pari  i,i  ^^r^^]^  ^^^^^^^^^ 


^6 


HISTORY  OF*  • 


•war  wll  stalk  before  you.  If  the  AarbarouSard  savage 
.p<>l.cjr  of  Great  Britain  be  pursued,  and  the  saviges  are 
'  r** '•'•**  *«'»«'-''er  ourcitizens  and  butcher  evenTvomen 
ia«dchUdren,  THIS  WAR  WILL  be  a  war  .f  e)!itehm.. 
-NATION,  The  first  stroke  of  th6  tomahawk  j.  the  first 
attempt.with  th..  scalping  knife,  will  be  the  sigAal  of  an 

■f!!f"!?B'^^'''\'""''  "f 'l«''«la«ou. .    No  ,,;hite  man 
.found  fighting  by  the  side  of  an  Indian  wilj  be  taken 
prisoner  ;  instant  death  will  be  his  lot.  ,  If  the  dictates 
.01  reason,  duty,justice  aud  humanity  cannot  prevent  the 
employment  of  a  fprce  which  respects  no  rights,  and 
know^  no  wrong,  it  w^l  be  prevented  by  a  severe  and 
sreleaUesg  system  of  retaliation.    I  doubt  not  your  cour- 
age  and  firmness;  I  wUl  not  doubt  your  attachment  to 
-.Uberty.    If  you  tenderyour  services  voluntarily,  thev 
-■will  be  accepted  readily.  .  The  United  States  offeryou 
.peace,  liberty  and  security.    Your  choice  liesbetween 
■  these  and  war,  slavery  and  destruction.    Choose  then, 
■but  choose  wisely  j  and  may  he  who  knows  the  justice  of 
.  wr  caaise,  and  who  holds  in  his  hand  the  fate  of  nations 
•  guide  yo4  to  a  result  the  most  compatible  with  your 
rights  and  intwests*  your  peace  and  happiness." 

This  proclamation  was  yell  calculated  to  inspire  con- 
fidence and  secure,  the  friendship  of  the  Canadians, 
such  indeed  was  its  influence,  that  the  greater  part  of  the 
militia  in  the  service  of  the  crown,  actually  deserted  and 
either  retireS-  to  their  homes  or  joined  .tjie  American 
■army.  •  -;^i  I    .  .-n,MrJi\:„<         ,  ,  ..,'>   ,:;,;,,„,  ,      .   ■ 

However,  when  wr  army  first  made  its' iippearance 
on .  the  Canada  shore,  the  inhabitants  were  fi  ightened 
and  sought  refuge  in  swamps  and  forestsjfrom  an  enemy 
*hom  theyAVere  taught  to  believe  were  m»rs  eru»l«Ed 
fi^aciiowj  than  savages.    Almost  enty  bou8»  wasjiii^ 


THE  LATE  War.  5J. 

doned  for  «5les  sl„„^  the  Canadian  side  «f  the  straif 
But  „„  perce,v,„g  that  the  troops  were  not  dlS 

t.  r37ot"  T""'".'"'  P'-"'"^"'^'  *»«  greater  partS 
turned  to  the,r  homes  in  full  confldenc*  of  proLVio^ 
and  resumed  their  accustomed  avocation,.     P™**'*'""' 

abifoirtoa'rr'"''"'*"''''^^''''-''---"-. 
.ir:t[;ii-rfrrtrv^^^^ 

and  &m„                     ineioaa  to  a  rich  harvest  of  tlorv 

anatame,   was  open  and  dirppf  r^      ■■   ,  ■  "' S""^/ 

marked  its  course.     Hit  Z^l  ^""Pe^shable  laurels 

appeared  capable  ofarrstTn^h  ''''' '"'^^'le  ;  nothing 

menthrou/outthe  u"  n  So  fl^'^T  J"*'""'' 
siveblow.  All  we're  waitw'^ri.'^'"^'' *""*  ^'l'^"- 
forthe   «  o.o«,:vs;^;",r;,^^''''t""»S™Patie«ce 

vaved  over  the  ramr  art  oJ  H  .  "T"  ""^  '*"P*^ 
Alas  !  what  a  cruel  diL  -f  '^  '^"""^  balden, 
to  suffer  i  '''•''Appointment  «-ere  the>  doomed 

vS it^M  ;?;,:  :Z|-r  =»  ^-da,  cap.  He„r, 
towards  Maiden.  1  Tuk.?"\°*-f  *"'''"*  ''  «^''' 
low  Sandwich,  they  found  I, 'T^.'^''"""*''  '""'''' ^'■' 

-d  received  -isfa^t;:;":!^^;^^^  "^ 
were  in  ambush,  at  a  short  distonce       i?  r     *"' 

prudent  to  return  to  camp,  J,TZl'.t  J,  ""'  '^'™"' 
to  the  general.  '        '  '^  "rcumstiince 

On  the  4th  a  considerable  hnrlv  ,.f  r    .■ 
to  have  p.,ssed  up  therh  ^  ""'  «e.e  k.„.^ 


*€ 


in  the  rear  ofthe  camp.  Col . 


58 


HISTORT  OF 


M'Arthur  was  immediately  ordered  to  march  ia  pursuit 
ofthem^with  100  men  from  his  own  regbnent,  a  rifle 
^orpa  from  Col.  Findley's  and  a  small  detachment  from 
€Japt.  Sloan's  company  of  cavalry.      They  marched 
without  provisions  and  without  blankets.    The  detach- 
ment proceeded  to  Belld  river,  about  twenty  miles  from 
Sandwicli,  where  the  Colonel  purchased  a  beef  and  some 
flour  and  whi^ey  for  his  men.    At  tlie  mouth  of  the 
jriver  Raisin,  they  discovered  the  Indians  ascending  the 
Hver  in  canoes.    The  Colonel  and  the  cavalry  pursued 
l^em  5  but  as  soon  a^  our  men  came  up  with  them,  tliey 
took  themselves  to  a  thick  woods,  ai'ter  having  received 
the  fire  of  the  Colonel  and  his  meh.     He  t»ok  a  number 
of  IrqrBes  which  the  Indians  had  left  in  their  camp.       ^ 
The  party  then  continued  their  maixh  to  the  mouth  of 
the  Thames*  and  ascended  thisr  river  as  far  as  Dalson's 
Mills.    In  descending  tlie  river,  they  loaded  all  the 
wat«r  craft,  with  provisions,  blankets  and  military  stores 
which  were  sent  down  the  lake  (St.  Clair)  to  head  quar- 
ters.   They  took  a  stand  of  colors  and  disarmed  a  num- 
ber of  militia.     The  property  was  all  receipted  by  Col. 
M'Arthur.    Thus,  this  small  detachment  penetrated  70 
miles  into  the  most  populous   part  of    Upper  Canada. 
They  returned  to  camp  on  the  evening  of  the  irth 
July,  t 

*  Isaac  Hull,  brother  to  the  General,  resides  at  the 
moijith  otthis  river.  A  corporal  and  six  soldiers  were 
found  stationed  at  his  house  as  a  guard  du  corps.  Col. 
M' Arthur  disarmed  them. 

t  One  of  Col.  M'Arthur's  men  gives  the  following  pic- 
ture of  the  country  through  which  they  marched, 
"  Probably  there  is  no  part  of  unner  Cana'.Ia  more  be^u^ 
tiful  or  more  prolitic  tlvan  that '^bordering  on  thVriver 
Franche,  and  that  part  of  lake  St-  Clair  immedktel^  ^ 


t 


t4-'i- 


JHE  LATE  WAft.  ^ 

About  Ma  time  ^pather  small  party  were  kW  to 
Belle  Vome  for  the  purpose  of  securing^se veral  hundred 
Memo  Sheep,*  the  property  of  the  earl  ofSelkjrfc. 
These  sheep  were  driven  to  Detroit,  where  they  fell  tn^-. 
to  the, hands  «f  the  British  at  the  capitulation  of  Detroit  f 
Deserters  crowded  in  from  Maiden.    Several  were; 
kn.9wn  to  return  to  the  enemy  after  having  my.  inspect^ 
ed  thfi  camp  and  ascertained  the  number  of  the  Ameri- 
can troops. 

Onihe  iGthCoI.  Cass  and  Lieut  Col.  IV^ler  jnarched 
with  a  detachment  of  280  men  to  the  bridge  over  th^ 
Aux  Connards,to  reconnoitre  the  cnemy^s  advance  post: 
They  found  them  in  possession  of  the  ^ridge.     Col* 
Cass  left  cne  company  of  riflemen  to  conceal  them-' 
selv.8  near  the  bridge,  with  directions  to.co|n.Lce 
nring  on  his  appearance  on  tU  opposite  $ide  of  the  river 
m  onler  to  divert  their  attention  and  throw  theni  i«tj 
confusMm.     The  remainder  of  the  detachment  tjHi  as. 
cendedthe   stream  5  miles  to  a  ford,  qnd  fiqm  thpm^ii 

ed  and  drove  from  their  position.      This  was  A^ 
time  since  the  revolution  timt  JlmricamniUtia  h^  comff 

adjacent.    The  fields  of  wheat  and  Indian  corn  hatt* 
ernSri/^^^'    ^-t^uantitiesofwheaTLS 

Th^JLl^ff'  ^'tf"  ^f^\  Harrison  peneliated  <o  the 
Arm  nn^''  >^^eep1md  been  re^ki^^  upon  the  Ear Ps 
iariT^  and  were  not  moUsted  hy  the  troop. 

JJt^^^!^L^^r'^^  that  tliis  tour  .oLHOmile. 
xl^n^^'^T^"^  '"  iour  tiays,  and  on  four  meals  of  i>ro- 
]ii:irf^7^''^*  were  purchased  by  Co!,  M  Wr)  Cd 


60 


HISTORY  OF 


in  contact  with  British  regulars.  Our  men  moved  to 
the  attack  with  great  spirit.  Three  times  the  enemy 
formed,,  and  as  often  retreated.  Night  compellfed'the 
Americans  to  relinquish  the  pursuit.  The  enemy  had 
several  killed*  and  wpunded,  only  two  prisoners  wei-^ 
taken.  Col.  .Cass  encamped  on  the  scene  of  action  dur- 
ing the  night,  and  on  the  18th  returned  to  camp.f  Col. 
Miller,  on  this  occasion  conducted  in  a  most  spirited 
and  able  manner. 

Immediately  after  this,  small  detachments  under  the 
commapds  ofCapt.  Snelling,^Col.  Fin  Hey,  Col.  M'Ar- 
thur,  and  Major  benny,  were  successgively  sent  to  the 
banks  of  the  Aux  Connards  ;  perhaps,  to  discover  the 
force  and  position  of  the  enemy4  ' 

*  A  British  soldier,  who  was  killed,  and  afterwards 
buried  by  the  detachmcint,  was  taken  up  by  the  Indians 
and  scalped  ;  this  trophy  was  taken  to  Maiden  and  prcr 
sented  to  the  commandant ;  who  paid  the  Indians  tneir 
premium,  believing  that  it  was  actually  the  scalp  of  an 
American  drummer. 

t  If>  at  this  time,  the  enemy  had  been,  in  force  at  MaU 
den,  why  did  they  not  make  Col.  Cass  pay  dear  for  his 
temerity,  in  thus  daring  to  sleep  with  a  small  de^ 
tachment,  J4  miles  from  the  American  camp,  zind  with- 
in less  thaii  feve  miles  of  their  only  depot  of  men  ^nd 
stores? 

t  At  this  time  the  following  extraordinary  general 
order  appeared,  to  disgrace  the  American  miiitary  char- 
acter :         •  ' 

Head  quarters  Sandwich,  July  \%ikx%n, , 
GEJ^ER^L  ORDERS, 
^Whereas  tfee  private  property,  consisting  principally 
of  necessary  clothing  ot  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  this 
army,  has  been  seized  by  theBntish  force,  and  is  detain? 
ed  at  Maiden,  or  its  dependencies,  notwithstandirtg 
application   has  been  made  for  a  restitution  of  if;,     l^k 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


on  the  opposite  sho^     1'  o  *    *  7°*  ""*"«'*  *'•«<'<' 

Cor^/trU;';  rr  ^  -  O'-'-ed  to  the  M. 

orders  from  the  ceneral  «.,  .  ^  ^'•'''»«1  >««• 

go  within  reach  o^?he"°'  *?  T'  *''"  '"•'''g«  "or  to 
The  detachment  hav,„f  .  '^^  •*'""=»  Charlotte, 
tahceoftheenemj  a  fil  "'""'''"  ^'"^  "•»*  «»- 
The  famous  S'cU  Sirr?^  "'"•  "»«-• 
instantly  crossed  the  bSgf  uTj  1,"  '"  '"''"''"•='■' 
eed  several  rods  toward,  3  ^  ''"*?*"'  '«'^«B- 

But  this  darin.  cWeftein  "  ",'"'  '""""enced  Bring, 

receivin..  a  d^n^e  „f     "'""  P""^  ^'"-  •>''  boldness,  b^ 

length  to' the  groS*  IT':"'^'*  "^-S"*  ■"■»«"' 
Ms  c«,,,^.ho1^„„^^^^^^^^^  ^e  spot  h, 

falling  into  an  ambuth  oft  fn  ""'  """"^'^  *'"I'«'l 

"orsewasshot«„;     him*'''/"'r"     ."""  ^^'"•«*''* 

wm.     In  the  evening  the  detach- 

^«m  the  .ene^at'a*dieHve:eM''"''"n^l^«='«'  ^^^e^ 

Generator  safe  keepini  untH f hi     f  ^""^^^  Master 

-^^nown  on  Kb^*',\!''^  "^-l-s  «?  the  govern- 

„  •  He  rec„'v"red:^n!'"iir""'  ^^'■'^  ^-»"""^'V 
-     -  vaasc  oi  tfie  Jiritish  '     ""v«iic  iiDaiiuaji. 


6a 


.     >>■>; 


63 


HWTQBY  W 


luent  nefurnfid  to  Le  Fetite  €otid  ttttldmiMit  l^eeum* 
seh  pursued  uiidifcd  on  the  renf  guards  Thf  Colonel 
suddeniyffaced  about  jtnd  gi^veorddts  (or  a  gerusr^il  fire. 
4U  the  Indians  fell  flat  on  the  greund,  exe^pl  Teeum- 
peh,  who  »tobd  &im\  onhi^ftet  with  ap|>arent  unconcern. 
A  want  of  ammunition  prevented'  further  Qffbnsive  cpe- 
tations.  Tlie  detachment  continued  its  mitrch  towards 
cam^  without  fufl^er  mole»tati<>n>  A*  the  Turkey  riT^- 
er  bridge  Col.  Ckss  and  Major  Tirlmble  met  th6  detach* 
ment  with  a  ir^sh  d0ta>chment  j  the  next  day  they  te-t 
turned  to  the  bridge^  fired  on  the  enemyyand  wei^e  fited 
on  in  turn.  Tho  firing  was  brisk  but  not  efi^ctive. 
Tecumseh  was  conspicuous  on  this  oteasioh.  Fiinding 
it  impostible  to  operate  successfully  against  supcnor 
numbers  at^on^lj  pdeted?  Gol.  M'Arthur  returned  td 
tati^p. 

(Jte  |li6  Qlst  tbe  General  passed  over  to  Dett-oit  where 
he  eontinwd  until  the  26th.  During  his  absence,  the 
cofljirAandof  the  af  my  devolved  pn  Col.  M'Ai-thur^  who 
OFdert d  Capt  M'Culloch  to  examine  the  countTy  in  the 
rear  of  the  dai'vcl  road  to  Maiden,  in  oi-der  to  ascertain 
v/hether  a  back  road  couW  not  ht  madte  $0  as  to  avoi4 
the  fridge  acrqes  the  AuK.CipnnArcls.  He  explprejj,  the 
country  betwe4;:n  feij,i^dwiGh  and  that  river>  Hn4  report©(i 
Hnfavo!  i^bly,  ■ .  . 

Th«  Indian^  continuing  to  show  thew selves  in  the 
Petite  Cote  settlemeSit,  ^ajoi*  Pfefltiy  SnarcUe4  on  Ihft 
evening  of  the  24th  with  a, ^^i^^'ktBe^i,  of  U7  mwj,  .con.f 
sisting  of  thriee  4om|pa^i©fi  undo*  cn|itaiAs  luucas,  Pin- 
neyand,Ro«e.  They  ireache^i  the  Fi^pinch  settlement  a 
little  before  daylight.  Tliey  eecured  a  inilitia  cftptain 
of  the  name  of  Bontee,  from  Maldin,  in  the  guise  of  a 
farmer.     He  was  considered  a«  a  spy.  and  f/nt  to  camper 


After  mwohinj;  miii  co.ifiter  marching  tiH  near  mij.lay 
Wiljhih  Ti**  of  the  e«6my's  advanced  ,,o«S  the  troan,  ' 
mm,  for  the  pnfpose  »f  r«tl„g,  unflcr  a  comenicnt 
rtwit.      The  meA  had  toostly  falleh  asleep,  when  the 
MaJoriJet^ctived  a  bo.fy«f  Ihdims  atonlr  15  Vardg  di-- 
f«l»«e  ;  hl9  presfehce  ^f  tniM  saved  the  party  .-he  in- 
stantly  exclaimed  iOA  stehtotiin  voice.  «  «,/.,«  /««  A^i 
%s  a^dftfe  welt .'"  tb^  „^er ,  wa.  pr«,.?t!y  oi.eve.l, 
and  seven  „f  the  Bavageefcll  oh  «„■  .pat,  and  tiie  ^sUlue 
fled  in  coiDStei-nation.  • 

V^vt  t)iey  soon  rallied  'ivJth  ifeerea?iMK  milnhers  and 
were  aecn  on  hftPi^acJi,  and  oii  foot  tafcin»acircmtoi<«  *' 
route  to  tlifow  themselves  into  th«  rear  of  tl*  tfelarh'^ 
merit  and  c»t  (if  their  retreat  t»  cbmpi      'ihe  .iMsior 
made  a  motement  in  order  of  boitle,  to  prerent  the  in- 

It!,""' K   u  u'  *"'"'^-     ^'  *">  'W™"*!'**!  a  point  of 
woods  which  he  attempted  to  gain  before  the  Indiar, 
he  received  a  hea.y  fire.      CoLsio,   :.,„.d  •  a '  ol ' 
pietero«e,,a.thec«n,ofluence.  Their  onl,  .U,"?; 
*as  to  Sam  the  road.    IVy  were  pursued  tL,.  tld 
^whea    «,.d  com  and  prickly  a^b  tlackets  for  .ea  •]. 
teee  m„es.     At  Turkey  river  they  .er.  reii^r     y 
Gen  Luca.  and  a  mmker  of  rifleme,^  who  he..ri„^  „f 
e-  engagetaent,  I,;k1  c«me  to  fl.e*r  *«si^,n,,e     Tl" 
Amencafts  had  seven  kaied  *.d  several  w«,mded  • 

Such  was  the  natare  of  the  i%*rt« guer^g  mmni'^ni^ 
n;».-  «.e  A«  Oonnards,  while  o„r  Lop.  r«J^"S 
Canada.    It  h«d««  ,isme ^^ot,  .uJt,4  m.l^^.  ■  ' 

Indians  were  afterwaMs  fn"Ef.f !™f  "*' -^-T***?  «!«T 
"eKl^by  thefam^  who  Ii-ved'.;'a."theTce„T,f''l 


w& 


64 


HISTORY  OF 


press  Oie  ardor  of  our  troops  and  encourage  the  cii«imy. 

In  tlie  mean  while,  Mirhilimackinac  surrendered  to 
the  British  without  resistance.  The  indefatigable 
BrocJt,  with  u  reinforcement  of  400  regulars  arrived  at 
Maiden  ;  And  several  Indian  tribes,  before  hesitating 
in  the  choice  of  sides,  began  to  take  thtir  ground  and 
array  theiuBelves  under  the  British  standard. 

The  garrison  of  Michilimackinac  capitulated  on  the 
irth  July.  The  anglo  savage  forces  amounted  to  upwards 
of  1000  men,  consL-tzng  of  British  regulars,  Canadian 
militia,  Scioux,  Winnebago,  Felle  Auvine,  Chippeway 
and  Ottaway  Indians.  L  ut.  Hanks,  the  commander 
of  the  fort  being  apprized  of  the  hostilq  intentions  of  sev- 
eral ludian  chiefs,  (who  but  a  few  days  before,  had  pro- 
fessed thefVeatest  friendship  for  the  United  States,)  dis- 
patched Capt.  Daurman  of  the  militia,  a  confidential 
person, to  St.  Joseph's,  to  watch  their  motions  5  but  the 
latter  met  the  allied  forces  within  fifteen  miles  of  the 
island,  by  whom  he  was  made  prisoner,  and  put  on  his 
parole  of  honor.  He  was  landed  upon  the  island  of 
Michilimackinac  with  positive  directions  to  gi\e  no 
intelligence  to  the  garrison  whatever.  He  was  also  in- 
structed to  take  the  inhabitants  of  the  village  indiscrim- 
inately to  a  place  on  the  west  side  of  the  island,  where 
their  persons  and  property  ghould  be  protected  by  a 
British  guard  5  but  should  they  go  to  the  fort,  they 
would  be  subject  to  a  general  massacre  by  the  savages 
i|||ich  would  be  inevitable,  if  the  garrison  fired  a  gun. 
In  the  mean  time  Lieut.  Hanks  had  caused  the  ammuni- 
tion to  be  placed  iii  the  block  houses,  ordered  the  guns 
charged,  and  made  every  necessary  preparation  for  de- 

enemy  were  discovered  in  |)osse«8ion   of  *th€  heights 


ji*f'« 


wWek  cxMiiwand  the  f^rt,  w  itli  a  piec,*»  of  i  aLiion  direct- 
ed ag^intt  t^ie  most  defcncvlo'^*  part  of  tlie  ^v«goi>. 
The  Indians  were  to  be  seen  at  \kh  tiin,e  ih  gro^t  mm- 
h^rf  in  tjje  edgp  pf  tli^  yoo^s.    At  l^ftlf  past  1 1  o'cjlock 
tli^cncBijsentiiiAflagof  truc^  <jemanai,98;|i surrender 
of  the  fv4  jf^d  i^ij^n^  to  his  ^rit^^ij    mnje^^ty'p  forceip. 
This  was  the  firsit  intun^tiop  he  h»d  of  the  d^cUratj^p 
of  war.      The  M^utep^t|>ad  ho^ev^r  anticipated  the 
evfnt^aw^  w*|  y^ob^^y  ^  ,v^l  piep^re^  iqv  ycpi^fpce 
^8  h^  Qtherwife  y^o^^  h^ye  be^^a  ^ith  ^9  ,?^la,^l  ^  c^om- 
ma^a,  ^rnpimtipg  Polj  <;•  ^fr-  ^eyei^  ^ffectiive  mci^, 
irwl¥#ng  9*qe^».    The  aJMe  I  .p;rj;r  h^f  two  pjeefi*  of 
f^ti^^ery,  9^4  ^^e  pro^iifj^d  w;  h  ^A^  ie^s  »pd  ii9pes  for 
tMflurpofe^  scaling  t^j,e  v'O  'i}  ,:i^  peces^^rjr.    Thv 
Plpcers  of  ^g^rison  and  ^ip  Ammm  ci^ke^^  pre- 
S^n^,  ^W^  consHlted,  who  gave  I,t.  l^z^s  tl^^ir  unani- 
mous opinion  tMt  it  would  k  impo^il^le  %•  the  g^xd- 
»aij  to  hoia  out  agAiiut  ^h  a  superior  fprce.    Tl^e  foi^ 
and  island  was  accordingly  suirpyderefl.*    ,'x  • 

Al^qut  %  time  tl^c  news  of  the  fcill  Qf"  j^ch^l^m^  j^ac 
wa^r^ce^yed  wi.c^n>p,an  express  arrive^ffQm  Chmcoth<^ 
tl^at  C.^pt.  Heiiry  ]^u3h  with  ^  co^jwij  erf' Vo|unteerf, 
w^^l^pi^Mung  Detroit  TteC^Wiie^ 

9t  tl^e  0^0  ,vol«nt^^^j^pp^4^^eque?,^^  to  tl,e Cieaer(M 
M*  si^ftcit^xt  fwp  iowcit  %  .^o«lY<)y  ?.t  tli  jiver 
Hai«im  apd  esc^t  ij^  ^ajfeiy  ^p  O^trojt.    ^il  "^  ,^, . 

S*^^"?"^  Tl|,Qe^er|li*. 

pcpr^d  toWlj^  jnaiaetf^^t^Ht  the^  A^^^^^  ^f  tUe  prZ- 

S;^^'''^^>^^^^  Vrorda  of  Lieut  lia.4^  oificiC. 


m 


-^ 


HiStORYbF 


plies  could  not  be  received  fi-om  any  other  quarter  ex- 
cept Canada,  the  British  having  entire  command  of  the 
i^avigation  of  lake  Erie.  ;      ■ 

At  lerigth,  however^  he  gave  permission  for  a  detach- 
ment pf  200  men  under  th6  command  of  Major  Van 
Home,  to  march  to  the  river  Aux  Raisin,  for  the  double 
pirpose  of  guarding  the  mail  to  that  river,  and  of  escort- 
ing the  party  under  Capt.  Brush  to  camp. 

Major  Van  Hornc  crossed  the  river  on  the  4th  of  Au- 
g^st,  irid  descended  the  American  bank  as  far  as  the 
Ik^  ^ppletne,  between  the  Indian  viHages  of  Magiiago 
aiid  firbwh^town^  where  some  Indian  paths  bf anch  from 
thie  roiidi    (!!'apt.  M^  of  the  spies  unfortunkelj 

took  one  pfthese  traces,  accompanied  only  by  a  l^ack 
i^ervaiit.  He  had  not  proceeded  far,before  he  was  fired  on 
by  the  Indians  5  killed  on  the  spot,  scalped,  and  toma- 
hawked* ivithin  rifle  shot  distance  of  the  main  body  of 
the'  Americaii's.  Thus  ftll  the  brave,  generous  and 
patriotic  M'Culloch,  captain  of  the  Spies. 

Majdi^'Vah  Horhe,  was  here  informed  by  a  Frenchman 
that  3  or  400  Indians  and  a  party  of  British  were  near 
Brownstown  in  ambush  for  the  purpose  of  intercepting 
the  detachment.  The  Major  continued  his  march,  dis- 
regarding the  report.  When  he  had  advanced  within  a 
short  diistance  of  Brownstown,  Vhere  the  road  passes 
fKroug;h  a  narrow  prairie,  bounded  oh  the  right  by  a 
deep  M^y  creek,  the  opposite  batik  of  which  w  as  cover- 
ercd  with  a  thick  growth  of  underwood  :  On  the  left 
?*NMteanuinberofsm?H  Indian  cornfields  and  thickets. 
3lS-^Ugh  this  defile  the  detachment  had  to  march  which 
)ia^pelkd  the  two  <olums  to  incline  within  40  yards 
0>fls#acll  other.  It  was  when  ^He  trnhng  tvere  c^ton. 
€d    Up  in  this  ,cramp€ji  situation  that   the  Indians, 


f^iH 


THE  LATE  WAR. 

who  were  concealed  in  the  thickets  on  both  sides  of  the 
road,  poured  man  unexpected  but  destructive  fire.  The 
fire  was  quickly  returned  5  but  the  enemy  having  the 
advantage  of  position  as  well  as  a  decided  superiority 
of  numbers  the  only  alternative  become  a  hasty  retreat, 
supported  by  haltmg  every  favorable  opportunity,  and 

lr2Z       "Ty-,   "^^  '"""^^'''  'f 'fe^  « th«  rear 
probably  saved  the  detachment  from  total  massacre ;  for 

such  was  tte.r  precipitate  flight,  that  they  outr«  a  ^ar 

Tl?rem!c„>"J^  **  retreat  of,  the  Americans, 
lossof  th^  A         """^''*'''"'  pursuit  for  four  mUes.  The 

sup'potd  to  hi  ?T^  ^™""  *^*  *•«»*  'nformation  wa. 
ensifl-n  Rohv      -ru^ '         ^'*'*'*'' '  Lieut.  Pentz  and 

;TinSs.  ThTsSs  ,r  f*;-"^"^'^  '"•"^'•'^ 

is  attributable  to  tl  cir  repeat  d°^   .f"'»  "l  "^''^ 

Major  Van  Home   tS  '  l^^''^  ^^^"  '"*"• 

became  a  hr,rr«    *"'"Sh  unsuccessful,  conducted  as 
became  a  brave  officer.    And  we  readily  find  an  aboloity 

II  bvTeTre    .*'  ""  "^'  believing, he iformatil^^ 

,i„r  fi'^'T'*  'f '"  '"""*•=<*  *«  Gen#al  fori 
«on  for  either  ,f  them  to  lead  a  dc-tachme, 
Brownstown,  sufficient  to  bury  the  dead,  ff 

On  the  6th  AumiQ^  a  -i 


■\" 


:<<* 


HISTORY  OB^ 

an<i  Capt.  Djsftn  aiid  Lieut.  Eastman,  of  ^  ai^UJwista, 
when  it  \ms  agrocid  by  all,  except  the  tw^  lijat,  te- 
make  aa  iiRm^i«te  4^^^g5it  on  Maiden. 

If,  by  waiting  two  days,  tjkey  ©ould  have  t3ie  sepTBGeftf 
theirhftavj  artiH0ry,^it  was  agreed  to  wait,  ifiiot,itwaa, 
d«temined  te  go  without  it,  aad.  attempt  ^he  place  }iy 
stenii,  This«pinJQ»  appftaDed  to  correspond  wit^  the 
views  of  tins  coaiuiiandeir  in  chief,  and  the  day  waa  ap« 
poimftedf:/!-  commeaicang their  mar^h.  Genaual  Vkiki  de* 
Glared  to  the  offi«e58i  tJiat  be  consddfared  himsedii  pledged 
to  kiid  ^  army  to  Maiden.  The  aimftunitiofi  jvas 
placed  in  the  waggons  5  the  ca»noa  wwe  pla^jed  on  the 
fleatiflg  batteries,  awd  ei5e»y  requisite  article  was  pre- 
pared. The  spirit  and  zeal,  the  aarder  afnd  animation 
displayed  by  the  officers  and  mcB,  on  learning  the  near 
aecompiiskmeHi  of  their  wishes^  ©light  to  have  inspired 
the  commanding  General  wi^  confidence  of  a  succesful 
resttlt  to  the  ewterprise.* 

,  "^  Tbe  fQlJL9winggett€ir^  or4er  yr^s  issued  hj  tlie  G^,h- 

^ralon  thf  ft^oa^ioii. 


Dpctor  Edwards  wJU  take  charge  of  the  lAecliQar  and 
surgical  departments  until  ftirtheit  orders,  and  will  im- 
ineaiately  make  every  preparation  for  the  ar^py  to  take 
4»iW^;ag^M«>fc-^eeneniy.  4l|  tl^e  t«nta  ai^d  ba^age 
^^i^|^^<^^  ^cess^ry,  viU  be  ii^un^iajtfly  trjij^^- 
ppr^d  iolletr^it.  The  boats  npt  necessary  f'or  the 
mpveni^Ht  qf  tlie  aimy  will  be  sent  fo  Dfetroit.  Aii  oif- 
J»cr  and  <xventy  five  eonvule scents  wfll  be  left  at  th^ 
^rtat  Gowies^  with  a  boat  sufi^ient  to  carry^hem  aeross 
ie  ximt  if  necessary.  A\\  the  arijllery,  mi  Ukm  hy 
,  le  arniv*  will  be  sent  immediately  tp  Detroit;.  The 
jWrpy  wijl  takeseyen  days  provisions  ;  tlir^e  d^ys  pro- 
yispti^  J^^flite  drawnfVom  tomorrow  niorning,  and  will 
%e  te^i^r^-aftd  the  resiilue  will  be  taken  in  waggwis» 


.i^M'^ 


■m-. 


tHE  LATE  Vab.  gg 

But  at  the  moment  wl.cn  every  one  was  engaged  in 
e^kmg,  or  .n  repairing  their  arm,,  eagerl/.„d  cbL" 
stantly  expecting  to  commence  thtir  mar'h  for  Maiden, 
orders  were  received  to  strike  their  tents  and™  1' 
the  river  to  Detroit  {  .  reeross 

wit?ouLZr'  ^.""*  "''^'^S  Maiden  abandoned 
wrthout  an  adequate  or  conceivable  motive,  without  a1. 
eflort  to  redeem  the  pledge  of  the  tbmmanding  genii 

fdl  coZ     "''  f "  '""' J"'"^"  ^-^  American  army  in 

full  confidence  of  protection,  were  abandoned  to  the 

vengeance  oftheir  old  masters.  «"  to  ine 

The  small  stockade  erected  in  an  injudicious  »osii 

we:CvHr«°trz.rtot;*r  """"^^^^^^^^^^^ 
if  ^.e^shouid  he  Lts^^tSt^iSgiu:  ^r 

guj!  ""^'*  '""*  --'"^  of-tice,is  the'battle  o/L 

rivl^i'  n  f^**^  °'  **  "'"-y  '"'""6  recrossed   th* 

r.ust\l  hut'"/' "^  "'«'*  *"•»  "•orningofthe    * 
August,  9.x  hundred  men  were  immediately  detached 

n.cation  to  the  river  Rabins,  and  protect  the  provisions 
which  were  under  the  escort  of  Capt.  Brnsh.*^  This  del 

h':;i:diL^''X^Str^^^  ^"ti-.  one 

taken  by  the  army?a„d  a  'fV  f"*?  'T''  '"''««'»  ^^ 
suitable'^for bridKes^vvmt  ifl  "^  ,*""♦;<";  »»«1  P>ahk, 
with  the  batterifs    '*£''?  J^^^pared  and  floated  down 

each  day,  and  twelve  barrels  tJ^u    '  ,  ,  >  ^."'  "*  ''»;awn 
an  the  aVu-ficers  and  aKV:'l'j;,%*f_^.f '  i"  ^'»gg.o'« ! 
wUiirnmediately  join  their  reginie'^tr'""  "  '"'"  t*-"' 
^'S"''"'  VV.HITLL. 


V"! 


^^ 


..^i^.y^wiiyB.<^-'w«***'^»'i  mn*mfm0^m0l'* 


r. 

■  ■ 


t^^  HISTORY  afi^ 

Ucliment  c©H8i»ted  »f  the  4th  iTniled  Statds*  regimetitj 
andtiro  smtiH  iJetaehments  under  the  toliii*i»fid  of  Lieitt* 
fetahsbUt^  ttnd  Bnaign  M'Cabe  of^  the  ist  i^egiment  5 
dfetaohm^nts  frtomthe  Ohio  and  Michigan  vdkiiteei^j  A 
corps  of  artillerists,  with  one  six  poundfer  aftll  ttft  ho\v^ 
Itier  undfer  ih^  GOtnmaaid  of  Lieut.  Ea^tmaft,  a  part  of 
Capt&iriS  Smith  a^nd  Sloan^s  cavalry  Conwnmidfed  by 
Capt.  Slonn  of  the  Ohio  volunteers.  Lieut.  Colonel 
Miller  marched  fifom  Detroit  on  the  lifternoon  of  the  #th 
in&t.  and  on  the  9th,  about  four  o'clock,  P.  M.  the  viin- 
guard,  commanded  by  Capt*  Snelling,  df  the  Uniiecl 
Sta^te's  regiment,  was  fired  on  by  an  ez^tengive  Uii^  of 
Britbh  troops  and  Indians,  at  the  low^i*  part  ef  Magim- 
ga,  abo^^t  foUrtf  en  miles  from  Detroiti  At  this  time  the 
main  body  was  marching  in  two  c()kmns,  and  Cjipt. 
Snelling  maiuiiained  his  position  in  a  most  gallant  man- 
ner, under  a  very  heavy  fire,  until  the  line  was  formed 
and  advanced  to  the  ground  he  occupied,  when  the 
wholfe,  exeepting  the  rear  guard,  was  brought  into  ac- 
ibn.  The  enemy  were  formed  behind  a  temporary 
breast  \frork  of  logs,  the  Indians  extending  in  a  thick 
wo«d  on  their  left  t  Lieut.  Colonel  MilleT  ordered  his 
whale  line  to  advance,  and  when  Within  a  small  distance 
of  the  enemy,  made  a  general  dischai  gfe  and  proceeded 
with  charged  bayonets,  when  the  whole  British  line  and 
Indians  commenced  a  retreat.  They  were  pursued  in 
a  niost  vigorous  manner  about  two  miles,  aiwi  the  pur- 
suit discontinued  only  on  aecoUnt  of  the  fati^e  of  the 
troops,  the  approactv  of  eteiiing,  and  the  necessity  of 
returrtii^  to  take  care  of  the  wounded.  The  judiciotis 
arrangements  made  by  Lieut.  Col.  Miller,  and  ihe  ^al- 
lantpmanner  in  which  they  were  executed,  jujjtly  euiiCle 
him  lo  the  highest  honor.    From  the  moment  the  Hue 


f:-  *?. 


& 


THB  l-ATE  rr All. 


ft 


^gmmeEceU  the  fir0,  it  cmtim^kly  mpved  6u^  ani  fht 
eaftm}^  maiat^med  their  position  utiiH  fofctd  at  tlie 
point  of  the  bayonet.      The  Indians  on  the  left  utiO^v 
thfi  «0mjn»ndof  T«cuiiiseh,f<)ughtwiitfigr»at©b8tiim«v, 
but  were  CDtttinually  forced  and  c0ton^l*d  to  retreafe 
The  victory  was  complete  ia  aVery.  part  q£  the  li^^ 
tod  the  success  woujii  haya  beto  more  briiiiant  had  tH« 
cavalty  charged  the  enemy  on  the  retJ-eat,  when  a  jnofet 
favombte  opportunity    presented.      Although  orders 
w6re  given  for  the  purpose,  unfoirtunajtely  they  we»  net 
csacuied*    Majors  Ya^n  Horne  and  Morrison  of  the  Gkh 
YoluiBteers,  were  associated  ivith  Liejit.  GdU  MUier,  a^j 
field  officers  in  this  (semipand,  and  were  highly  diatin- 
guished  by  their  pacertjioni  in,  foming  the.  line  and  tbo 
hm  an^.  intrepid  inanner  tliey  led  their  re^fectiifc  coniT 
mands  to  a&tion* 

Miyor  Muir  of  thtt  41st  regiment,  camm^ded  th« 
Bi^ti#h.in  thi*,afiiig^,      The  regul^  and  Tolunteeri, 
consisted  of  .al,ont  huv  h^rtred,  and  ai^ger  number 
oHndians.    M^.  Miiitoand^wi)  subai^^ms  were  wound, 
ed,  one  of  them  since  died.    Abnu*  forty  Indians  were 
«Qnnd  dead  m  Um  fieldi,  ^nd  Tecumseh  their  le^erjvaa 
slightly  wounded.    The  number  of  wqundeJ  Indian^ 
who  escaped,  h^s  not  been  aseertained,    fm^  ol!  M^yoir 
Muirfs  detachmei^t  have  befen  mad6  prigonevs^  mi  M- 
teen  of  the  4Ut  regiment  killed  and  wquftdjdaw    iti 
miliha  and  volunteers  atitached  t«>  his  command  wer<5  Ik 
the:  severest  part  of  the  action,  and  t^ieir  loss  must  hHW 
been  great  5  it  has  not  yet  be^n  ascertained.*  '     • 

At  the  commencement  of  the  ax^tion  Col.  MiUer  wa^ 
thrown  from  ^  horse  and  continued  onfo^t  durinri^« 


ArllSr  ;l^*^'1e^^<>n  »f  tlHs  battle,  thus  f  r,  i 
prwb^ls  Gen.  |rull,^are  believed  to b^tri^f 


*r,  arc  in  the 
r  correct. 


■U)niyinwiir%»!" 


n 


HISTORY  OF 


engagement,  and  proved  himselfby  his  courage  and  judi-  * 
cious  arrangemr r;'v9;  equal  to  a  more  responsible. com- 
mand. ; 

In  this  engagement,  all  the  officers  and  men^  M^h  th© 
exception  of  Capt.  Sloan  of  the  Cincinatti  dragoons  and 
Capt.  Hull,«on  to  the  General,  fought  bravely.     Sevfr* 
al  officers  were  wounded.    Capt.  Baker  was  wounilcd 
in  the  leg.    Lieut.  Larrabee  lost  an  arm.     Lieut  Petei  a 
of  the  4th  ?  Ensign  Whistler  of  ihA-i  Uih  ;  Lieut.  Sibly 
of  the  Michigan  militia ;  and  Ensign  Flesher  of  the 
Ohio  voknteers  were  also  woundeJ.    Capt.  Snelling, 
who  recewefl  tlie  *1t  i^  t  of  ilie  enemy's  fire  maintained 
an  unequal  contest  n  h  most  grllant  manner,  until  the 
main  body  advanced  ro  l\k  relief,  when  the  cavalry  un- 
der Caipt.  Sloan  could  n-»t  be  made  to  charge,  he  mount- 
ed a  horse  and  offered  to  lead  them  in  person.      Capts. 
Brown  and  Sanderson  who  commanded  cotnpani»^s  of 
Ohio  volunteer?,  oti  the  right  wing,  acted  with  great 
gaH  antry,    Capts.  Decant  and  Brevort,  of  the  Michigan 
militia,  particularly  distinguished  themselves.      Of  the 
Americans  18  were  killed,  and  60  wounded. 
;   The  circumstances  of  this  battl^  were  such  as  to  put 
the  courage  of  the  Americans  to  a  severe  test.    Our 
troops  had  to  oontend  with  a  force  one  third  larger  than 
their  own*      Five  hundred  Indians,  almost  naked,  and 
fi'ightfully  painted,  led  on  and  encouraged  by  British 
officers  and  savage  chiefs,  rising  suddenly  from  their 
hiding  places,  presented  a  scene  sufficient  to  appal  the 
stoutest  heart.    But  American  valor  rose  superior  to  ev- 
ery obstacle.     Both  sides  fought  bravely.    AnAmrivan 
officer  observed  several  httows  to  strike  the  groui  "  near 


his  feet'  almost  ill  a,  pCr 


osity  was  excited^  and  on  looking  up  to  discos      from 


THELATKWAR.  -    .. 

whence  they  came,  he  perceived  an  Indian  perched  on 
a  tree  thirty  feet  from  the  ground,  and  hut  ,  few  pace^ 
m  advance.    He  ordered  hia  men  to  fM*  «.d  he  «ame 

pUmgdownttr^gh  the  branches  like  a  de«J  bear* 
H.  had  provided  himself  witli  a  f.w„  .fci..  .t^ff^  ^ 

ZT:.^"'  of  which  he  had  dexter.^.,^  discha^g^^ 

a„^.l^«  rr^'-f  °°  *■'*  "^^'^  ground! «nd:.ent 
an  express  to  Gen.  Hull  with  information  of  his  sued 

srcr-'"*«»«--'">«^-f'-isio„si:; 

Colonel  M'ArthKr,    on   the  evening  „f  the  loth' 

dred  men  from  h,s  regiment  and  to  proceed  in  hoats  to 
the  encampment  of  Col.  Miller,  with  600  rations!  and 
to  ^um  to  Detroit  with  the  wounded.    Col.  M^Arthur 

tractor,  for  fte  number  of  rations  ordered.    ThU  man 

;Sd":;::r;^  •■"""^i »"  *••«  *-?-'  -^ -"  "^ 

prevailed  upon  to  issue  the  requUite  quanfitv  of  r, 

elTo:"„   tim"'*^-"'  *•"'  ""*  '»°-"^'  wh"n  IlL 
nellostno  time  w  executing  his  orders  5  after  deliver- 

^^^e.  that  ::.r;edrrirwr-;^^^^^^^ 

the  boats  were  thinly  manned.    The  Colonel  S    ^* 

e^     Soorf  f '".r  ^'^'^^''^''y'^  wounded  3 
7":  JT.  f"*'  *^'y  '"ft  the  camp,  a  signal  am.  ..,. 

«5v-u  at  iViaiilHn-  nnri  ♦!»«  k~:_  TT_      ,  .i...    *=*     "     ■"' 


# 


t 


and  the  brig  Hunter  made  K^i 


^^mi  coanmenced  firing  on  the  boats,    ThJ 


r  appear. 


fP 


G 


men 


m 


;4  .     lUSTOnV  OF 

immediately  put  to  shore,  and  all  that  were  able  ran 
across  a  swampy  prairie  to  the  woods,  leaving  the  woun^ 
ded  in  the  boato  to  the  protection  of  the  Colonel  and 
two  or  three  others.    At  this  critical  juncture,  the  en- 
ergy,  aaWlity  and  humanity  of  Col.  M'Arthur  shone 
with  conspicuous  luster.    Having  secured  his  boat,  he 
prevailed  on  the  men  to  return  to  their  duty  s  distributed 
Whiskey;  invited   tliem  to  drink  freely;  related  the 
anecdote  of  the  Indian  drinking  the  contents  of  his  bot^ 
tl.  as  he  tvas  ,bouttQ  be  precipitated  over  the  cataract 
of  Niagara,  and  finally  induced  them  to  brave  th«  fire 
of  the  brig  by  rowing  to  a  poifit  within  blank  sl>ot  of  the 
llanter,  fcml  where  the  woods   approached   within  a 
short  distanbe  of  the  water.    Here  be  landed,  and  or, 
dered  the  Wen  to  assist  in  carrying  the  wonnded  into 
the  woods,  setting  the  example  himselfc    They  were 
then  conveyed  In  waggons  to  Detroit.    During  the  time 
that  the  woumled  were  passing  from  the  boats  to  the 
foods,kiid  while  the  waggons  continued  in  reach  of 
the  "uns  of  the  brig,  she  kept  up  an  incessant  fire. 

oT.th%  lltK  Cot.  Miller  received-peremptory  onle,  . 
fo  return  WBctroit,  where  he  anived  eariy  on  the  12th. 
Vbo^bearing  a  white  flag,  was  this  day  seen  descend. 
■Ithe  river  to  Sandwich,  where  it  was  known  that 
^„.  Brock  had  arrived  with  tl.e  4Utreg.«.ent.  Ih 
r^arance  of  this  flag  excited  almost  "--^a^^^'^gu 
in^e  army ;  because,  from  the  manner  inwhich  flag 
.   SS^eTh^  heen'treated  by  the  en,my,»  the  fieneral 

'      .At*eUmeC4X:a^Bt  lurched  ^ 

,Capt.  Bro*n'  Dj-  ^«"'"'-^;;  -J^\^  the  shore,  on  his 
flag  to  MaWen  5  J":h*.1:„  L„r»i.hv  the  India«s'»«full 
return 


Yiew  of  the  Briti^H  troop 


fiJvd  i:Hizen?ol 


•M' 


ig!>- 


THE  LATE  WAU.  -5 

•  had  promised  the  Colonels  that  no  more  should  be  sent. 
^  Cols.  M'Arthur,  Cass  and  Findley  called  on  tlie 
General  to  know  why  a  white  flag  was  sent  totlie  en... 
my,  the  General  said  that  it  was   sent  without  bis 
authority,  and  denied  having  any  knowledge  of  its  de- 
parture or  its  object.      The  coloflels  then  offe>-cd  to 
ejjamine  ii,to  the  affair,  and  have  the  offender  punished. 
1  he  general  appeared  much  discwiwted  at  their  deter- 
mmed  conjlua,  and  fll«erv*d  thathe  would  enquire  of 
Capt.  Hickman,  (a  volunteer  aid)  whether  he    had 
authorised  any  person  to  go  to  ti.e  enemy's  camp  with  a 
nag.    After  aa  absence  of  a  few  minutes,  he  returned 
anU,state4  that  Capt  Hickman  had  had  a  converwtion 
wi  h  Capt.  Rough  on  the  subject,,  who  probably  had 
misconceived  the  q^ning  of  Capt.  Mickman's  words  ! 

fi,  fu  ^^^Tl"  v"'""*''  "**"«*•"*  "'*^  enquiries  no 
Jrther  ut  left  their  general  with  disgust  and  mortifica- 
tion. They  instantly  wrote  a  confidential  letter  I 
Gov.  Meigs  advising  him  of  the  state  of  affairs,  request 
vng  prompt  reinforcements,  and  expressing  TtrsZe 
time,  their  doubts  of  theirgeneral's  fidelity  • 

Jn  themean  while  the  stockade  at  Gowie's  was  evac- 
uated 5  Major  De«ny  and  his  convalescents  bad  dol 
every  thing  in  their  power  to  strengthen  and  retain  tMs 

Eoit.         '"""^  *'^  ""^''^  '"^^y""^^  overt 

On  the  iSth,  the  British  Mere  «een  m«n.i,-  ^ 

Sandwich  with  a  train  of  artilCS'S^^^ 
shot.  The  general  would  not  permit  Lieuts  n!  iv 
and  Anderson  to  fire  on  them  with  thSp;^:5    • 


*  "This  letter  was 


Si^Z.C°'!:.M'Arai„r,  Findlo^ 


#"#•  I    ^S*' *"""=' ^'"=''^'=""*'T''^'-'-«S 


Capt).  Ji 


,ii<». 


MUniii       illdliUlM' 


70 


HISTORY  OF 


1^1 


i;      ^ 


Thejr  were  suffered  to  take  a  position  direcll}'  opposite 
Detroit,  where,  %vithout  the  least  interruption  th*»y  were 
permitted  to  erect  a  hatterr 

On  the  cTcning  of  the  ^4t!\  ^  c^^  .uchmentof  300  men, 
f:'Xdirsive  of  officers,  rv\rch©u  from  the  encampment  by 
jtcircuitous  route,  in  the  rear  of  the  settlements,  for  the 
r  i\  cr  Haisin.  The  detucl  iment  Avas  composed  of  volun- 
teers from  tlwj  regiments  of  Cols.  MMiUu*  -nd  Cass. 
Col.  M'Arthur  remonfetr&ted  against  the  usual  practice 
of  sending  oul  detachments  \vithout  provisions;  the 
o^neral  promised  to  send  provision*  after  them  On  pack 
Harses-j  but  Vv»  proroiae  was  not  complied  with. 

'Dii*r«ute  wa»thw>ugh  an  almost  impervious  thicket ; 
iW  traops  couldf  mafco  1>ut  a  slow  progress.  After 
narij'ning  abont  fi4  miles,  it  was  found  impracticable  in 
their  debiUt'aled  sUte,  to  reach  the  river  Aux  Raisins  • 
then  47  vmlca  distant.  A  council  of  officers,  therefore, 
tltfemed  it  ^.ypcdient  to  r«^tarn  to  camp. 

^  On  tbt  13th,  Gen.  Hull  pitched  a  markec  in  the  centre 
of  the  eacampment,  of  a  most  singular  appearance,  with 
red  and  blue  stripes  painted  on  the  top  and  sid^Sy  which 
o-ave  it  a  strong  rcsembla;  e  to  the  Bi  ish  fla^'  !  Ab  tlie 
general  had  not  erected  a  tent  in  camp  since  the  4th  of 
Juljy  this  became  an  obje  i  f  surpris-,  and  e-  'dentlj 
tiortewtous  of  the  issue.  j    .  » 

About  10  o'clock  two  officers  arrived  f;om  Sandwich, 
with  a  flag  of  tr^icJCj  requiring  the  f  re  er  of  Detroit, 
to  the  arms  of  hb  Britannic  Majes    .*     To  this  an   m- 

*  The  following  is  the  copy  of  Gen.  Brock's  letter  w 
Ge.il  HulL 
*  Head  garters,  Sandwich,  Mgutt  I5thy  1812. 

.  Sir^— The  force  at  my  disposal,  authorises  n#iJ^  |^ 
fiuire  of  you  the  surrender  of  Fort  Detroit,  .^t- »  »'• 


TH#  LAfE  W  j7 

m'edi&te  and, spirited  r«fu,al  w-s    cturned.      lu  ti.e 
.ne,„while  tho  BritUh  were  demolishing  a  heuso  op,>o. 
Hite  Detroit,  behind  which  they  had  erected  a  battVrv 
and  on  tI.e  American  side  Lieuts.  Dolaby  and  AndersJ,, 
w,re  engaged  lu  building  b^terie,  and  implanting  tJ«ir 

ed,  the  Bntash  armed  vessels  appeared.below  Sandwich 

*„  n  f'n^"!"*\  ?""»«""''  »  Heavy  fire  upon  ih^ 
town  of  Detroit  and  the  fort,  \f^  jyithont  effect.  The 
fire  wa,  returned  with  spirit,  and  continued  without 
interruption  tdl  10  o'cljBck  »f  ^ight,, 

,  At  the  commencement  qf  th  filling,  all  the  froon* 
were  crowded  into,  tl.e  fort,  ^,c.  ptloT  Findley'  "1 
ment,Av!uch  «a,  stationed  ab,,ut  300  yards  north  e^t 

om  the  fo.  t  Brigade  Major  Uup  i  Quilrte  2- 
terDug^n  rode  to  Spring  wells  tp,  observe  the  eneiS^t 
Sandw,ch.  They  concluded  it  was  hi,  intention  tohwd 
the  next  mo,  .  <"  the  .Queen  Charlotte  was  and^S 
naposiuont.  c„.er,th,ir  t^ppps.  .  lUvlS 
o.  Major       ,„p  t,ut  a  l^att^ry  could  b«  erected  4"^ 

will  he       .CTBiid    mv    rnnt,.,,)    «i;  *"  ""y    tl«WW)S 

te^t  CO..  ..eliccs.  Xu  wiU  ,  "  .T""**'.  *«  "^ 
into  such  conditions  as^vTn  sat  ,  «.*''P«*fd  to  yate- 
sense  of  honor,  lieut  H^    ^  ^*>!f  '^S'*  ?ci-upul6ui.. 

are  fully  authirisedt^JiS  a  "?/^/i:CTi^^ 
nay  lead  to  Tu-evAnf  nn  ,.«,  ^  arrftngeth^nt  that 

!  live  ihe  hoC  to  L  &c  ""f  "^'"^    ^  ""•"l- 

rhe     enTy  of  Gen.  Hnii    «.      _...  •     .    i     ^      .^^^s 
oun>i,     lie  decIarPfi  >.l«,"o    *•    ,,  i''*"^^"^*  at*  leasf  fe 
anu #^iifei.V  a!  nr^?  ^^^cit-tt^lejp  tlefe    i  his  wo*** 
,^F^  Ipg  t.  ahidethe  consf-monces  of  M     .^J^        ^ 

4  ■— v»f-iw.,r'»_^ 


mm^mim**^ 


mm 


W 


U 


M 


HISTORY  OF 


'-A, 


Spring  wclU,  capable  of  sinking  this  tes^el.  H«  ire* 
turil(i«i  to  Oen.  Hull  and  requcgted  permission  to  perform 
this  service.  The  general  would  not  consent  to  the 
medsnrc.  He  then  asked  if  he  might  be  permHted  to 
cross  the  river  with  100men,to  attempt  the  spiking  Of  the 
<ittemy'8  cannon  5  to  whic'  the  gefteral  answertd  5  f«  I 
will  think  of  it."  ' 

At  day  light,  on  the  morning  of  «ic  l6th,  the  firing 
recommenced  on  both  sides.    About  an  hour  before  the 
surrendrf,  our  artilieristi  were  ordered  to  desist  firing 
upon  the  enemy,  although  they  had  silenced  two  of  their 
guns.    About  7  o'clock,  the  enemy  had  completed  their 
lafading  at  the  Spring  vrclli,  and  iihmediatfely  tbok  up 
their  line  of  march  fot  Detroit.    The  fot^e  laftded, 
f according  to  the  official    account  of  Gen.  ^^^ 
4^  consisted  of  30  royal  artillerists,  ft50  of  the  4l8t 
^^ifcileiit,50of  «ie  royal  Newfoundland  regiinent,  400 
mltia,  and  about  m  Indian^,"  witb  3  six,  and  ft  three 
pbttiufers.    The  regulars  and  militia  moved  m  close 
yinmA,  1^  in  front,  upon  the  margin  of  th*  river,  and 
the  Indians  tlirough  the  woode,  west  of  the  town. 
'  '"WWen  they  had  advanced  within  reach  of  the  guns  of 
irfort/the artttlerists  were  ordered  by  Capt  Forsythe 
and  Lieut-  Anderson  to  do  their  duty  5  butjust  as  they 
Ver^  in  the  iitt  ^  applying  the  matches,  Capt.  Dyson, 
m  sewor  con^mandaBt  of  artillery,  approaehedjvith  a 
iji^wn  sword,  and  ^w<»e  that  the  first  man  who  attempt- 
cd  to  fire  on  th^  enemy,  should  be  cut  in  pieces. ;;  <; 

The  iPritish  batteries  now  kept  up  a  constahf^W*  at 
Hie  fort  f  few  of  the  shot  did  execution  5  one,  whick|ad 
nearly  .sgent  its  fbrce,  fell  into  the  fort,  and  killed 

Lch  loaded  ^   ^  6^  doxcl^% 


The  24  poattders  were 


*n' 


ape 


ghot 


m^'t 


¥'9'^ 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


I 
79 


CAf)t.  tatnks,*  Ensign  8ibly  and  Dr.  Reynolds  And  dan* 
gerouftly  wounded  Dr.  Blood.  Another  pftMed  throndi 
the  gate,  aad  killed  twe  soldiers  in  the  harrackg.  Tw* 
men  outside  the  works  were  also  killed.  The  shells 
mostlj  burst  in  the  air. 

About  10  o'elock  the  Indians  appeared  in  the  edge  of 
the  woods  in  the  rear  of  the  fort,  shooting  horses  tL»d 
the  ^enVio  Sheep,  which  had  been  taken  from  the  Earl 
of  Selkirk's  farm  at  Belle  Donne  I 

The  fort  was  now  filled  with  women  and  children 
The  men  were  stationed  on  the  ramparts  of  the  fort 
At  this  moment  an  officer  of  the  Michigan  militia  came 
nding  into  the  fort,  and  enquired  « if  Gen.  Hull  eipec* 
tea  col.  Brush  to  defend  the  town  with  2  or  300  men  P't  ^    » 
The  advance  of  the  Britisli  force  were  now  at  the  Un> 
yards  one  fourth  of  a  mile  distant.    Gen.  Hull  immtdi- 
ately  on  this  near  approach  of  the  enemy,  went  into  a 
roim  m  the  barracks,  and  in  less  than  five  miiintea  , 
returned  widi  a  note  which  he  handed  to  hi.  son,  whe  % 
instantly  hoisted  a  white  flag  upon  a  pike  staffand  theli 
departed  for  the  British  advancing  column.     In  a  few 
CorX   T;  """  "'^^'^^^  accompanied  by  Lieut, 
to  the  Markee  pitched  by  Gen.  Hull  the  preceding  dan 
twn  ^I-  r'  ^^  «*P*^«»*tion  were  soou  signed  and  the 
two  British  officer,  mounted  their  horses  and  returned 

to  stack^t^jeir  arms,  and  those  under  Col.  Findlej  were 
rr^chedtn.    Shortly  after,  the  British  troops  mmhed 


e    commandant  /»f  \>i:^i.:i: t_« 

Tender ;  a  native     ^  * 


ft  tlie  time 


te  officf* 


state  of  New  Yixriq 


mm 


80 


HISTORY  OF 


intd  the  fort  with  Gen.  Brock  at  .heir  head.  The  Ameri- 
can forces  were  then  marched  into  an  adjoining  garden, 
wheie  the  disgraceful  terms  of  the  capitulation  were  read 
to  them.    The  anger  of  our  men  could  not  be  restrain- 
ed.   The  greater  part  shed  tears  of  rage.    Many  of 
them,  when  ordered  to  stack  their  arms  on  the  esplanade 
indignantly  dashed  them  to  pieces. 
i   While  Gen.  Hull  was  surrendering  the  fort  and  town 
of  Detroit  into  the  hands  of  Gen.  Brock,  Col.  M'Arthur 
was  approaching  the  fort  with  his  detachment,  on  its  re- 
turn from  its  abortive  expedition  towards  the  river  Rai- 
sin.   When  within  a  mile  of  the  fort,  he  was  informed 
of  its  surrender.    He  immcuiately  retreated  to  the  river 
Rouge.    From  this  place,  Ca:pt.  Mansfield  was  sent  with 
a  jftag  of  truce  to  the  fort;  on  his  way  the  Indians  rob- 
bed him  of  his  horse,  arms,  and  the  greater  part  of  his 
.dotliing.    In.  the  evening,  he  returned  to  the  detach- 
ment in  company  vath  Majors  Dixon  and  Givens,  and 
Capt  Elliott,  of  the  British  army,  who  handed  the  colonel 
the  articles  of   capitulation.      The  detachment  then 
marched  to  Detroit  and  stacked  their  arms  in  the  citadel. 
The  batteries  then  commenced  firing  a  fea  dtjoye  ; 
the  Indians  raised  the  yell  of  tdumph,  akd  instantly 
commenced  plundering  the  inhabitants,  and  our  dra- 
goons of  tlieir  horses  and  accoutrements. 

The  following  authentic  anecdote  will  illustrate  the 
extent  of  military  authority,  which  the  British  officers 
exercise  over  the  Indians.  An  American  officer  who 
had  brought  with  him  an  elegant  horse  from  Chilicothe, 
for  which  he  had  paid  200  dollars,  was  in  the  act  of  sell- 
ing him  to  a  British  officer  ;  while  they  were  settmig 
the  price,  an  Indian  came  up,  snawched  the  una 
the  waiter's  hand,  threw  it  over  the  horses  neck. 


fruiu 


THE  LATE  WAR.  gj 

ed  and  rode  ,ff«ith  hi.  p«y.    The  horse  w.«  elertntw 
mott»ted  with  hoUters  and  pistols.    I„  this  mannHS 

^ro^  tiX:ei;rhedtt's^;*  -i  ss 

articles  of  3,  w-"     .         "*'*''  ^*'"'"'  "»•»<»««  the 

JveuplrS'f'T''^  ^o^Pelling  the  volunteers  lo 
s   e  up  their  rifles,  which  were  private  propertv 

.50  irthl'  '"""'  "r '•'''"'  --»2't-«  about 

the  eXlde'iTdTr^e'tnar  The?' ^  ^*^^''«'»  «" 
dance  of  fixed  ammiw^-  r*    ,  ^^"^^  "^^^  *»  ^^^^l* 

h^eis  o;.po;ii:rdtoi;„s'r^^^^^^^^^^   f 

-d  in  the  territory  anXda'    r    1^'^*  ^7 
for  grinding  any  quantity  of  flour.    Tltlese  aid  „S 

tunde?thTeltt':;r^^ 

^e  army  ^f  Gen    «t  ^""'^  "*  '^'  "^«^  ««»"• 
materials.    The  1„    ""'V^''« '""PO'ed  of  the  best 

they  pr„v;d  ^ottZTiZ  """'  '""',P»«»«<^  •'  -hich 

"ppoLity  to  S:;  *  sr'^^^::  *-r  ""^ 

wer€  well  si»lprf«j  •         '"^^'"^^^^es.    That  the  officera 

the,hJL::;^tXCotdLt^^^^^^^^^ 

The  Colonels  M.A.?h„rclf;tdr:l^^^ 

'  "'!''';  J^«  Quarter  Master  Gen. 
s  indefatigable  in  the  Hi«.],...^.  .r 
•artm^ntj  a 


'--"-  oeioyea 

cral 

the 


.r 


himself  18  the  whol*  army. 


thereby  end«»r«d 


^fWMM 


g^  HISTORY  OF 

The  news  of  the  surrender  of  Detroit  was  so  unexpec- 
ted; that  it  came  like  a  clap  of  thunder  to  the  ears  of  the 
American  people.  No  one  would  believe  the  first  re- 
port. The  disastrous  event  blasted  the  prospects  of  the 
first  campaign,  and  opened  the  northern  and  western 
frontiers  of  Ohio  to  savage  incursions. 

Note    A  court  martial  convened  at  Albany  in  the 
w-mteTof   1814,    sentenced  Gen    Hull  to  be  shot.* 
. The  sentence  was  remitted  by  the  Pre&ident. 
*  See  Appendix  Bk*.  ... 


•W^.: 


f  #  JBi>4j 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


8$ 


..I 


^ 


'     Campaigns  <f  General  Haiiimt. 

^rE^^^^^  *"  **  """•""''Je'-  of  Detroit,  the  Gov- 
emors  of  Oh.o  and  Kentucky,  in  obedience  tb  tM 
d.«>ct.ons  of  the  war  department,  had  detached  power- 
M  re>«forceme«ts  to  the  aid  of  Gen  HuH.  H«lhe 
deferred  the  capitulation  but  a  few  days  long^lu 

The  forces  advancing  to  his  support  consisted  of  2,000 

^^ITt  ^'^-  *'*^"-  ^»^"""  '">''»  battalio;  of 
mounted  nflemen  under  Col.  R.  M.  Johnson,  from  Ken^ 

Bri/L^T"' "'  ?'»  """-  -der  the  orders'f 

comma  Jofcr^w     u  ""'^  '"""  ^•^«''''"'«  «""<"•  *>•« 
comjnand  of  Gen.  "W  .nchester.      They  had  reached  the 

^^^V^hen  the  news  of  the^apture  of  Det^ 

The  news  of  the  loss  of  Gen.  Hull's  army  casta  ten, 
porary  gloom  over  the  whole  union.      Bu7lor  tie  wdi 
fmedarnvalof  the  above  force  a  wide  sce.e  of  flS 
and  m.ser^  „f  blood  and  desolation  must  ha,rensuS 
Nearly  hal    of  the  territory  of  Ohio,  must  have  been 

SffSe."'  ""'  "^-^-^  ^-  ^'-^-  to  ie 

The  force  already  upon  the  western  frontier,  „f  ni  • 
^um..t  to  arrest  the  tide  of  savagHn  ^t : 
t  became  necessary  to  retrieve  the  honor  ^  the  ^.ri 
can  arms  tnd  to  expel  tl.e  invad.rfram  hir;:!...^    '  " 
'lUiieii  oonquests.  ••■-=i«^  «v- 


ander  of  militiiry  eiperiance  iva.  ^n<e4 


m^Mhy  a  common  impulse,  was  directed 


.  ail 
to  the  bf TQ 


'-fj^fjUfifKj0gj)/0'i 


84 


HIStORY  OP 


4nv' 


of  'nppecano4.  The  Governor  of  Kentucky  accord- 
inglybrevetted  William  Henry  Harrison,  a  Major 
General.  This  commission  did  not  consUtute  him 
commander  in  chief  of  the  whole  north  western  ariyiy. 
-  Early  in  September,  a  large  Indian  and  British  torcc 
left  Maiden  for  the  Ohio  frontiers.  The  Indians  adv*n* 
ce^  to  Fort  Wayne*  and  closely  invested  it.  The 
tiMfis  under  Gen.  flairison  marched  to  its  rcU«f.  1  he 
siJfcs  fled  at  their  approach. 

lt«8  considered  a  favorable  moment  to  punish  the 
Indies  for  their  numerous  murders.  The  army  was 
divided;  a  part  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Payne, 
who  was  directed  to  destroy  the  Miami  towns  at  the 
forks  of  the  Wabash.  Gen.  Harrison  accompanied  this 
expedition.  Four  of  the  Indian  villages  were  burnt,  and 
all  their  corn  cut  up  or  otherwise  destroyed.  ^  ^  ^ 

The  other  division  of  the  army  was  confided  to  the 
command  of  Col.  Wells,  and  had  orders  to  go  agairst 
the  villa-e  of  the  Pottowatemies  on  Elkhart,  a  branch 
of  the  St.  Joseph  of  lake  Michigan;  these  villages 
are  five  in  number  and  o  ^e  situated  on  an  immense 
oraifie  at  the  distance  of  60  miles  from  Fort  Wayne. 
This  expedition  was  also  successful,  the  towns  were 
destroyed  by  the  mo'n    ^d  battalion  ot  Col.  R.  M. 

^^  *  Fort  Wayne  is  situated  at  tJie  junction  of  the  St 
Mary  and  St  Joseph  rivers,  which  form  the  Miami  of 
Jhflake  and  not  more  than  twelve  miles  from  the  navi- 
ttble  wlte^^^^^^  Wabash.  Thi«  jmi  is  nearly  m  the 
&^f  tire^ndian  -ttlements  on  this  side  the  M^ 
siMiw.  Many  Indian  viUage^/ay  from^^^^^^  .60  miUs 
from  this  place.  fixieiiSiYc  priin  i.  =--  -^  ^  ;;"":,!  "i^iXji, 
every  dir^tion.  There  are  considerable  c^^«*^«^ 
^kimtrofthefbrt,i^ich  is  a  stockade  wi^  block 

•s^  ik^  aBgles. 


THELATRWAK.  «- 

Johnson.    On   the  return   of  the  detachment  to  Fort 
Uayne  a  sco„t,„g  party  under  the  Rev.Jame,  Su,.^ 
defeated  a  party  of  Indians.     A  private  of  the  namel 
Mdre>cJo,mson,  killed  a  Pottawatemie  chief. 
At  th.»  time  Gen.  Winchester  arrived  at  Fort  Wavne 

cause  before  .t  was  known  at  the  seat  of  government 
that  the  Governor  of  Kentucky  had  b,>.vetted  General' 
Harnson  an  order  had  been  forwarded  to  Gen.  Wk 

Considerable  discontent  and  murmuring  we-e  er 

change  of  commanders  ;  but  the  eloquence  of  the  cJl 

cial  soon  reconciled  them  to   t'm  , 

a.'.sured  t:-m  that  if  n„T     .*"   *"^'*"™S<>™<^Jlf.     He 

I-  marching  to  tj.e  -liefof  S  W  , t-T  1'^ 
several  expeditions  a-ain«t tie  r„^-  ^''^!'^""^  »>  ^^ 
the  troops  «<.shigM/:-'„;,^fJ'-,^..t!>e  conduct  c,f 

soIJie.s  .  te..  day;  while  on  tr  l"  '^'^'^'''''  "" 

they  l.A<scarcely  :s„E.",Vof  r  .?  ^*'"'"  ''"*-"' 
and  entirely  wiLut^o"  -ilf"'  ?^«'''-^''^  ^^n,, 
tl«t  too  without-  comp.     ,r.ti  ,    0    t  ,,„.,^;„^  ^.  ^^^, 

could  have  been  expected 'o„  I  !  "''''*-^  ^^ 
But  such  w-ae  thoirpeTson:.Vt;L'::?..^!f'-:J''0''P- 

'^•"^" ■■'^--''^redu^d;;:!:-;:;:::!!--- 

'iratioft  without 


K 


H  niuf  nur. 


:$>^ 


^ 


■m. 


# 


MIIMM 


■twMKW 


jUim^hmdMim^ 


I 


86 


HISTORY  OF 


Gen.  Harrison  retired  to  St.  Mary'a  to  organise  some 
volun^pers.  Gen.  Winchester,  with  the  army  descend- 
ed the  Miami  to  fort  Defiance.  At  Piqua  Gen.  Harri- 
son met  the  dispatch  from  Washington,  appointing  him 
commander  in  chief  of  the  north  western  army. 

At  fort  Defiance*  Gen.  Winchester  found  the  ivhite 
and  red  enemy  in  possession  of  the  ground  and  too 
gfrong  for  his  nunibers.  He  dispatched  an  express  to 
General  Harrison  who  hastened  to  his  relief  with  about 
1200  mounted  riflemen  and  musketeers,  all  furnished 
with  S  days  provisions.  In  the  mean  time,  however, 
the  enemy  had  suddenly  decamped,  descending  the  Mi- 
ami. Our  troops  pursued,  but  cotild  not  overtake  the 
fugitives.  ^'   .  ' 

Gen.  Harrison  now  resumed  the  command  ot  the  ar- 
my. His  attention  wi  s  for  some  time  confined  to  pre- 
paring  depots  of  provisions,  ammunition  and  clothing, 
ill  opening  roads,  building  boats  and  erecting  block 
houses,  preparatory  to  attempting  the  execution  of  the 
ffrand  object  of  the  campaign.  /    ,^ 

On  the  4th  of  October,  Gen.  Tupper  was  ordered  to 
repair  to  the  foot  of  the  rapids  of  the  Miami  xMtli  the 
mounted  force  in  condition  for  service.  This  move- 
ment was  not  executed.  Gen.  Tupper  made  a  lengthy 
oxposition  of  the  causes  which  produced  the  failure  of 
the  expedition,in  which  he  attempted  to  throw  the  blame 
on  Gen.  Winchester,  whom  he   charged  with  giviDg 

counter  orders.f  ,         ,  f 

.  However,  in  Nov.  Geri.  Tupper  with  a  detachment  ot 

Km  men  advanced  to  the  rapids,  for  the  purposed 


*Nt)w,  calletlFoit  W: 


^incheste 
J^Thc  wi%ri3  not  iu  possess 


•    "  .1,0.-  --S^ 

ion  of  suificteiikt  Aihi^  t*^ 


vlterinine  oifwhom  the  blame  i^uglit  to  rest. 


F  the  ar- 
l  to  pre- 
clotliing, 
IK  block 
m  of  the 

rdcrcd  to 
with  the 
is  move- 
i  length) 
failure  of 
:hc  blame 
th  giviDg 

:hiiient  of 
lurpose  ol 


yt 


THE  LATte  tVAR.  g^. 

(Itiving  oB-  a  partj  of  British  and  Indians,  who  had  col 
lected  there  for  gathering  the  corn,  which  remained  in 
the  fields.    Me  arnvcd  there  undiscovered  by  the  ene- 
n,jr,  „„  (h.  n,ght  of  the  14th  ;  he  immediately  n.ade 
dispositions  for  passing  the  river,  and  some  of  liis  men 
succeeded  in  getting  over  but  the  greater  part  missed 
the  ford,  and  were  in  danger  of  being  drowned.    'Hie 
arms  of  many   were  either  lost,  or  wet,  so  that  ther 
could  not  be  discharged.    At  day  light  the  Bth  gun 
oats  .at  anchor  in  the  river  slipped  their  cables  Ld 
dropped  down  the  lake,  but  the  Indians  more  dar    ! 
than  their  allies  crossed  over  on  horse  back,  and  com- 
menced several  violent  attacks  on  our  troons     Tr, 
were  leceived  with  firmness,  driven  back,  and  f;rcodZ 
recross  the  river  with  considerable  loss.  The  Ame  W 
had  four  killed  and  three  wounded.  ^m^'icans 

The  Wyandot  chief  Snlif.  Los-    na= • 

leading  the  Indians  to  ti!'  Ittal'    beW     '"T."  '" 

a  stately  white  chai^er.  '  ^  '"°""'"''  ^ 

Early  in  Decemder  a  detachment  <.f  fioo  iren  ,,nH« 

bef.re  the  da«.n  of  day  the  t",^/      ^'""'*  '"  f'*""- 
i\^  1  J-  •^'  ^^®  sentinels  were  fir^H  ««  u 

t.ie  Indians,  and  instantly  a  furious  atLc\  •'' 

menced  on  the  ri^ht  fl.nt  „ou.  "^*. ****"''  ''''"  «««>■ 
ed  by  Major  Bi-n  who  "..r* ""  "*""<;'"'""«>  command- 

m  L  riht,  when  tt!  T      "'"'  "*'"■»«''  *•-  «'•<= 

..    .    .  'c-t,  When  the  enemy  were  charged  and  dis- 


#■ 


f.  ■^temmmr^mi  mtmmifi 


Db  HISTORY  OF 

pevp^a  v/ith  the  loss  of  40  killed.  The  loss  of  i\it 
*letachuieut  was*  9  killed,  and  about  40  wounded.  Capt. ' 
I'ierce,  uho  distinguislied  himself  was  killed.  Lieut. 
Waltz  of  Capt.  Markle's  troop  of  horse  (from  Orcens- 
irarj^b,  Pean.)  was  »hot  through  the  arm  ;  but  anxious 
htill  further  to  exert  himself,  attv^mptcd  to  mount  his 
hors6,  aftd  while  making  the  effort  was  shot  through  the 

headi 

Col.  Campbell,  Major  Ball,  Capts.  Trotter,  M'Clel- 
knd,  Hopkins,  Garrard  and  Markle,  were  particularly 
complimented  by  Oen.  Harrison,  in  a  general  order  for 
tiieir  bravery  a«d  good  conduct  during  the  expedition. 

The  prisoners  were  treated  with  humanity  ;  even  the 
warriors,  when  they  ceased  resistance  were  spared, 
vhich  is  not  the  usual  custom  in  expeditions  against 

the  Indians. 

The  sufferings  of  the  men  from  cold,  hunger  and 
fatigue,  in  their  retreat  from  Missisinwey,  were  severe. 
They  were  in  the  center  of  the  Indian  country.  Nu- 
merous hands  of:  exaspeiated  savage^  warriors  were 
known  to  be  within  a  few  hours  march.  They  were 
obliged  to  carry  their  sick  and  wounded  on  litters. 
The  weather  was  intensely  cold  ;  theirmarch  was  slow, 
tedious  and  circumspect. '  At  night,  only  half  of  the 
men  could  sleep,  wl»e  the  other  were  on  guard.  Pleu- 
risy, and  bad  colds  afflicted  nearly  the  whole  corps. 
Numbers  were  frostbitten.  .  ,.    ^  r 

It  is  proper  here  to  state  that  the  patriotic  Governors  of 
Virginia  and  Peniisvlvania,  had  each  detached  from  1500 
to  loOO  men  to  the  aid  of  Gen.  Harrison.  The  Penn- 
.vlvaniftns  under  Brig.  Gen.  Brooks,  rendezvoused  at 
Pittsburgh,  and  marched  from  thence  to  luausueiv*  i.. 
Ohio,     Tbe  Tirginian«  were  under  the  dir^tioft  of 


THE  LATE  \\  AR.  pg 

Brigadier  General  Leftwich,  and  te«k  the  roulc  of 
Chdicothe  m  their  march  to  the  head  quarters  of  the 
north  western  army. 

Upon  the  approach  of  ..inter,  Gen.  Harrison  found 
thata  considerable  proportion  of  his  men,  were  desti- 
tute of  many  essential  article,  of  clothing,  which  could 

Lmted  States.     He  therefore,  in  an  animated  address, 

and  0    o     TV  '  ""'"T""'  *»  the  people  of  Kentucky 
and  OIuo.    This  appeal  was  not  made  to  a  cold,  phle... 

mabc  people.    Liberal  donations  of  various  articles  ^f 

clothing  and  comfort  were  every  where  presented,  and 

proper  persons  appointed  to  forward  them  to  the  armv 

t^en.  Harrison  left  tlie  army  for  a  few  weeks    ^nil 

repaired  to  Cbilicothe,  on  busin';.ss.    The  ci    ",;  L. 

tt  i'n"  7 ''""r"""^'-'     "«  '•«•=''"-•  the  bono    of 
the  invita, on,  observing,  in  substance   that  it  did  no 

become   him  to  ar<-pnt  «f  = ^  ' 

while  hi,  ,,»«  '^         sumptuous  entertainments, 

H 1.  le  us  men  were  exposed  to  the  rigors  of  the  season 
endunngthe  fatigues  of  military  du'ty,  and  sub^t    : 
on  the  coarsest  of  food  "^ 

movea  trom  Fort  Vf  inchesfer  to  the  Ra.nds       A*  ,i ," 
tune  the  Ohio  troops  were  at  Fort  M'irtC:(h..1> 
^.Waniaus  at  Manslield,  and  the  A.^!! -l^'tS-" 

of  artillery  h!!;';"'":^'  stores,  an^  the  trains 

e^rorts  of  the  north  west:tl;r/Z:rV': 
'--viiuuciice.  '  ■"  "*'" 


<>»  tHf^Hth  of  Janu 


il  2 


arj.  Col.  Lewis,  ad 


vanct  d  from 


%  9mf_ 


^^^^m 


i*o 


HISTORY  OF 


ihe  P^pitls  towards  the  river  Aux  llaisins,  and  on  the 
18th  found  the  enemy  in  force  and  disposed  to  dispute 
the  possession  of  the  place.  He  attacked  them  in  t  :e 
tjwn.  The  Indians  raised  their  accustomed  yell.  But 
the  noise  was  drowned  in  the  returning  shouts  of  the 
assailants.  The  Canadian  militia  instantly  retreated. 
The  Indians  maintained  the  action  some  time,  but  gave 
way  in  all  directions,  when  resolutely  charged  by  the 
Americans.  About  40  of  the  savages  bit  the  dust.  Of 
Col.  Lewis'  party,  12  were  killed,  and  52  wounded. 

Gen.  Winchester  followed  with  a  reinforcement,  and 
took  a  position  on  the  banks  of  tlic  river  Raisin.  His 
whole  force  amounted  to  about  800  men ;  a  part  of  whicb 
were  posted  behind  a  picket  fence  ;  the  residue  were 
encamped  on  an  open  field  a  little  to  the  right  of  the 
main  body  and  entirely  uncovered. 

From  the  river  Uaisin  to  Maiden,  is  only  18  miles  ; 
the  distance  by  lan»!  jt  v/ater  is  about  the  same.  Both 
banks  of  tlie  river  are  settled  to  the  distance  of  9  miles 
from  the  lake  by  Canadian  French  or  their  descendants. 
The  greater  part  of  the  inhabitants  are  attached  to  the 
IJnited  States.  But  there  are  some,  who  are  fit  for 
"  treason,  stratagems  and  Crimes,"  and  would  readily 
seize  every  occasion  to  communicate  intelligence  to 
the  Britiiih  and  Indians. 

By  sowe  unaccountable  neglect  in  the  commanding 
(leneral,  the  first  notice  which  the  Americans  received 
tf  the  enemy,  was  from  the  moutlis  of  six  nine  pounders 
discharged  at<)ur  troops  on  the22d,  at  beating  of  reveil- 
le! At  the  moment  of  the  commencemeBt  of  the  at- 
t  ick.  Gen.  Winchester  and  several  of  his  officers,  were 

oi  4\^r^\f  lo'lcinire  n+  RrtTTiP  flisfjinro  from  the  troons.  The  ' 

1 !  oops  which  were  uncovered,  sustained  the  coiilest  bttt 


af 

her 
the 
the 

• 

gaif 

p-re.1 

ages 

topi 

and  I 

conti 

who  1 

itht 

altljoii 

^esolv 

fought 

The 

mined 

when  a 

been  ta 

in  an  al 

wing. 

pickets, 

ineftecti 

rear  to 

several f 

lapidjj  , 

Jndispens 

^e^«g  ne; 
Among  th 
^^ickman, 

*Thisn 


THE  I,ATE  WA'R.  '    , 

a  feiv  inmutes,  V  enbi       -,  „„a 

l'«rs,  the.,  recro  ,ed  the  ,L?    »;*fP»*e-      by  num- 

they  were  met  ,,f  „•  u!:."hll  ?!'  *''*^  '"''"«<' '"  for 
gained  th^ir  rear^  A  ,o1^ifS„;'  '■""'"''  «''<>  ''»d 
greater  part  were  surro„„2  K  f  "'l'*  ""^"^-  ^'''^ 
age*,  yellin.  like  a  hand  of If^  "  ,'  '"'  "'' ?"»*«<»  «v. 

*or--s.   Others C^nLf*""':'""''  '"-^^H/cut 

""■d  attempted  to  e^    I'^nZ    "  "^  '"'«»« 

continued   upwards  of^ in"    ^^  "'•'«''  '«» 

«ho  tru,tt,:  to  their  heels  Z      '  ■"*"•        ^"  "^  ">»«• 
^  -'■  _  The  sno.  let    'i^  "If'"'^"  """  — v 

■th  the  blood       ^e  /b^itives     TI    '^'  ''"'  "'""^oned 
''tlioughsoon«  a.d  ^iC7     /'""P*'-'  of  the  army, 

-olved  to   sen  ;:  tt^s  7;;^^^^^^ 

lougLt  desperately.  ''""'-''  "^  Po-'^'We,  and 

when  a  flag  arrived  f^       ^   '''**  "''til  eleven  o'clock 
f--^  take/pHso;t  ITKS J'-hester,^ 

"/n  attempt  to  rail/ 1!;^""'"'"*''^*''* '''=*'''» 

^■ng.     Major  Madison    thl^   composing  the.right 

P'ckets,  perceiving  «o,"''t„r      '"''"''*''  ^"*'"''  «•« 

"•effectual,  as  the^  Ind^^ZlT^^'  ""^  '^^^t^-ce 

"»■•  to  enable  him  to  ""treat  t'i"  '^T^'-""^  '^ *".       , 

several  pieces  of  , .»„„„„  u    5'  ""''' '''  the  eneu,y  ii^d 

l^fiy  demolishi.gtt  ;ictoV'"''^?^'"^'>*%»««re  i 

wdtspensable.                  ^   ''***' » capitulation  became  I 

Tlie.  loss  of  the    Am    •  1 

teing  nearly  400  i„  mT\T  Tr"'"^  ^'"•<''«.-  I 

A«ong  the  officers  slain,  ^^t  cl,  aJ      '1  ""^^'"g-  1 

"ickman.  Sim«=„„  .  »,'   .  _  .^•*'-  Allen, and  f!»nf .;.?„  * 


^patriotic  officer  had  been 


Reefed  a  member  of 


,,««.>"» 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


2.5 


111^ 

1.8 


1.25  II  1.4     ||.6 

^ 

6"     

► 

Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


^^ 


V 


tx 


O^" 


'^^  .. 


4 
f 


92 


HISTORY  OF 


To  the  enemy  it  was  a  dear  bought  triumph.  His 
regulars  tliree  times  advanced  boldly  to  within  pistol 
shot  of  the  pickets,  and  as  often  retreated  in  confusion. 
The  Americans  would  permit  them  to  approach  within 
full  reach  of  their  pieces,  before  they  poured  the  leaden 
shcWJI^  directed  with  deadly  aim. 

B^g  the  whole  of  the  action,  a  constant  fire  was 
kept  up  by  the  enemy  from  six  pieces  of  cannon  ;  it  was 
the  effect  of  the  cannon  shot  and  a  scarcity  of  ammuni- 
tion, which  compelled  our  troops  to  give  up  the  contest. 
Against  musketry,  the  left  wing  would  have  maintained 
their  position  till  reinforcements  could  liave  arrived. 

After  the  capitulation,  the  A«\erican  commanding 
officer  rehionstrated  with  Gen.  Proctor  against  exposing 
the  prisoners  to  the  vengeance  of  the  savages.  The 
General  promised  to  protect  them,  but  forgot  to  keep 
lus  word.  They  were  left  without  the  promised  pro- 
tection, and  on  the  morning  of  the  2Sd,  horrible  to  re- 
late, the  allies  of  a  christian  King,  stript,  tomahawked 
and  scalped  the  wounded  Americans,  and  burnt  all  of 
them  who  were  unable  to  walk. 

To  the  dead  were  denied  the  rights  of  sepulture.  The 
living  were  for  the  most  part  stript  of  their  clothing, 
plundered  of  their  money,  and  their  arms  given  to  the 

The  advance  of  Gen.  Winchester  to  the  river  Raisin 
was  authorised.  It  has  been  said  that  he  was  overruled 
by  his  officers,  and  that  the  movement  was  made  from 
motives  of  humanity,  in  order  to  afford  suecor  to  the 

Congress  in  August  preceding.  Col.  Owing  his  fiic  id 
obtained  some  of  his  effects  from  the  French  of  the  M. 
T.  in  the  a-/ umn  of  1813. 


•  S^jB  Appendix,  F. 


m^ 


F 

er 
in( 

SCi 

of, 

sor 

1 

stai 

chai 

fort 

and 

then 

nece 

damj 

able 

tliemi 

fulnei 

ihrouj 

ity  of 

or  Ro] 

Vet 

were  t 

were  n 

they  \v 

corerin 

Haider 

distanct 
lips/  X 

elastic  h 

the  day 

Afir 

Jefeatec 


THE.LATBAV^K 

I'rench  inhabitants  on  tl,,*   •  '  9*! 

ened  witl.  savage  vengeance^'TT'lu.'"^  ■"==»  «'"««t. 

•nd-screct  movement,",  2.r  tl /"  ^''''^'"^  «"1 

scattered  state  of  the  army  o„  th  ""'P'-<^l«»ed  and 

of  Janaar^,  ,„      ^e  attriSed  tl     f  T"'"=  "^  *''c  el* 

«on's  first  campaign.  *"'*  '^''"^  "^  ««■  Han-i- 

t-  ^^"'e«ttrC:;r;^  ^^^^  P'-e  a  circu.. 

'o.t  Defiance  to  the  Rapid,  Th"    ,.       *'"""  "'»'-<^''  fro» 
and  nearly  famished  for  l-ln!  '■^f ' '^"^'^ '^<'™  out 
«'«"»se!ve,,  were  destitute  of        °^  ^''''^'-      The  m^. 
necessity.,    y^^  these  2",^"^  *'^''='«  «f  «he  fi^t  ■ 
•l^pen  their  ardor.    Whe^  ^T'"''"^  «"»* «'»  *««*  S 
a  le  to  draw,  these  g^u^  f  ''«"-^«  *ere  .k.  lo^gi 
tiiemselves  fn  f?,«   i    o*"*'^*  song  ^f  Mara  h»  \ 

.»''-gh  frosfandt'orr'  *"''"•  W  ^  mul" 

X^---i;aS^^^^^^ 

^  et  thpse  were  men  «,..       . 
-«e  the  seats  of  elegance  a1!d    '""'^  '"'»•  *•>«  '"'"'t  part 
«•«'•« not  to  be  brokef byad"    T'*"" '  """^ «'«- «pS 
they  were  compelled  to  traveT     */'      ^^"^-"hstai^il^ 
«»»enng  for  their  backs   ^^5"°*  ""*'  '""h  «carce?f 
Maiden  to  Buflafo,  a„d 'i't?*'«^  "'  -"*->  S 
d.sta„ce  of  800  miieg,  ,«,,■".  *''«»'«  <»  Kentuckv,* 
V     Their  honest  hZlT    '"'''"'"'^ '''"P^ ^ir 
«  ast.c  hope,  that  theirtro„rr^,  '7''^''  -**  the 

After  the  defeat  of  Gen  Wi„  k 
■etreated  from  fl,-       -f     "^'"Chester,  Gen  IT.„  • 
a*  T.    .       ""n  ">e  i-apids  is  n^.i-        -        "•  "arrison 


^.¥' 


--ii«.|i<<i|MtJy"^tffc»^^-  . 


D4 


HlSTCMilY  OP 


all  tHft  provisions,  a  considerable  quantity  was  destroyed. 
On  t^  30th  Gen.  Harrison  dispatched  Mr.  Lamont, 
Doctor  M'Keehan  and  a  Frenchman  with  a  flag  of  truce 
to**Malden.  They  encamped  the  first  night  near  the 
Rapidf^,  and  hoisted  the  white  flag  ;  but  this  was  not 
respected  5  the  Indians  fired  upon  them  while  asleep, 
killed  Lamont,  wounded  Dr.  M'Keehan  and  took  the 
Doctor  and  the  Frenchman  prisoners. 

Gov.  Meigs  having  ordered  out  two  regiments  of  Ohio 
militia,  to  reinforce  Gen.  Harrison ;  the  army  again 
fjfdtanced  to  the  Rapids  and  commenced  building  fort 
?4eig*;  Gen.  Croak's  brigade  in  the  mean  time  were 
^Hisily  employed  in  fortifying  at  Upper  Sandusky. 

Gen.  Harrison  having  learnt  that  a  body  of  Indians 
V«re  collected  at  Presque  Isle,  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Miami,  marched  from  his  camp  at  the  Rapids,  on  the 
0th  of  February,  at  the  head  of  a  detai:hment  of  his  ar- 
iny,  to  attack  them.  The  enemy  fied;  our  troops 
hiirsued  almost  to  the  river  Raising  but  finding  it  im- 
possible to  overtake  them,  the  troops  returned  to  camp 
(nuch  exhausted  with  fatigue.  Such  was  t'iielr  desire  to 
tome  up  with  the  foe,  that  they  marched  nearly  60 

miles  in  21  hours. 

On  the  snh  of  February,  a  detachment  of  150  mert, 
imder  Gapt.  Langham,  left  the  Rapids  for  the  puppOSiC  of 
^stroying  the  Queen  Charlotte,  near  Maiden  ;  the  ice 
was  found  too  far  decayed  to^  accomplish  the  object  of 
the  expedition.  v»  '^^ 

On  the  13th  of  April  a  desperate  rencontre  took  place 
on  the  Miami,  a  few  mileS  below  fort  Meigs,  be|ireen 
ten  Frenchmen,  from  the  river  Raisin,  rhd  abo^t^n 
equal  number  of  Indians.  Roth  parties  v  ere  iii  caiioeS, 
a^d  they  maintained  tlie  fight  till  the  greater  jfafrr on 
botb  sides  were  eltlier  killed  or  wounded.  :*ik 


THE  LATE  WAR, 

^ ne  arm V  nere  no  »  95 

!,»'■"§:  the  posts  of  fonS  '"r""*'^'° ^t'o-Sih- 
Fort  Stephenson.    General^''  •  "''?  ^''"'''''k^'  «"«» 

"P^Jiting  the  march  of  "fil     ^""'  ^''''S^'  »»^  ^^ 
«o-„t  oec„„ea  during  th  ^fmaiT^   '"'  "*"'  "f 

The  term  of  service  ortll"^^"'^  the  winter, 
-a  composing  the  no  th^eir"*"' '"''  "'  *«  "^li- 
>ew  levies,  fr„„.  ohio  aTd  £  "  T^'  ''*"'"«  *'''P''-*<1. 
;»  -Ppi/  their  place"  b„T;?'  ^^^^ -"-ed  on' 
««3on,  the  Pennsvlvani,  hi     ,    "^  ""'  ""'^wg  in 
menaces  for  another  monh  ^^f"  ^»'''»te«'-e«i  the^^ 

»ore  honorable,  as  thi.  .„rps  L/  ,  '"'"''"=*  '^"^  «■« 
hardships  during  the  wintT  , ""''"«»"«  '""c'-edibie 
«*o-  from  SU,,,  t:t  R^jy  "S  -""^--y  and 

feat.-.<  On  th»?P'"''^.  '*  tne  time  of '  W  '',**'="''««  the 

»vcd  from  Gen  Hn?'-  ''*^  »'"<'«r  war^'"' ''*'*'''"'^  ■»«- 
vance  with  XhL  ■l?^'"'>  "rderinc  tho  ,  f-.f""'*''  ar. 
impossible  b"  ^T^"  «P««J ;  thisVas  ;i^''''^'-r  «»  "d, 
complete  s«L.      *"?'"  *'>'ch  took  !>''*.'■«'' totally 

hini-  It  is  unni  P™ceed  imme.li»*Ti  /^  '^°'''<'  be 
the  first  ;&!"??'••''  *°  stafeS  ly  '"  '"""'■'''« 
morning  our  i«  !''  *"  advance.    AtaT-.'^f  «»*»»« 

^■'I^V  I  n>sretted  L.lr'"  ^.andi.Hy  contl  ""^^L*  >!»■"• 


road. 


It  took 


over 


9G 


HISTORY  OF 


On  tlie  20fh  6f  April,  Gen.  Harrison  returned  to 

Fort  Meigs,  and  began  to  prepare  for  tlie  approaching 

storm.     Patioling  parties  were  frequently  sent  out  to 

discover  the  movements  of  the  enemy,  who  had  beeU 

discovered  on  the  margin  of  the  lake. 

OA  the  2Gth  the  advance  of  the  enemy  made  its  ap- 
pearance on  the  opposite  shore,and  sifter  reconnoitcring 
a  few  minutes,  withdrew.  On  the  2rth  they  returned, 
but  were  soon  made  to  retire  by  the  balls  from  the  fort. 
Ever  since  the  General  had  arrived  in  camp,  the  greatest 
diligence  was  displayed  by  the  oflicers  and  soldiers. 
Fm-tifijcations  of  various  descriptions  Mere  carried  on 
wijth  uni^aralleled  exertions.     Every  moment  of  the 

the  knees,  and  often  to  the  middle.  The  Black  Swamp 
{4  miles  from  Portage  river,  and  4  in  the  extent)  would 
have  been  considered  impassable  by  all  but  men  deter- 
mined to  surmount  evei-y  difiiculty  to  accomplish  the 
ol'ject  of  their  march#  In  this  swamp  you  lose  sight  of 
terra  firma  altogether— the  water  was  about  6  inchps 
deep  on  the  ice,  which  was  v6ry  rotten,  of teji  breaking 
through  to  the  depth  of  four  or  five  feet.  ■    '     , »    ' 

"  The  same  night  we  encamped  on  very  wet  ground, 
but  the  driest  that  could  be  found,  the  rain  still  continue 
ing.  It  was  with  difficulty  we  eould  raise  fires ;  we  had 
no  tents,  our  clothes  were  wet,  no  axes,  nothing  to  cook 
in,  and  very  little  to  eat.  A  brigade  of  pack  horses 
being  near  us,  we  procured  from  them  some  flour,  killed 
a  hog,  (there  being  plenty  of  them  along  the  road :)  our 
l3re«4  ^^'^^  baked  m  the  ashes,  and  the  pork  we  broiled 
on  the  coaU— t-a  sweeter  meal  I  never  partook  of.  When 
we  went  to  S|leep,  it  was  on  two  logs  laid  close  to  each 
other,  to;>keep  our  bodies  from  the  damp  ground. 
Good  God  !  what  a  pliant  being  is  man  in  adversity. 
Tiie  loftiest  spirit  that  ever  inhabited  the  human  Ijreast. 
would  have  been  tamed  amid  the  difficulties  that  suf- 


THE  LATR  W,vr. 

Seneial  was  occupieJ  in  ,i-      ..  *■' 

dressed  the  men  illZtlTf  *''*  '-^^^-     ".ad- 
"sr  on  the  situation  inth"  "h  'T^/"''  ""'l"""'  -«r. 
placed  them,  and  of  the  tl^  "'"*''""'  °^  "•'"•I.ac! 
'-e-gvigilantandindastrio  s^ri^^''-^^  "' '^'''■y  "»«> 
converted  ever^  man  inlrh^i''.^-'- .  '?'^  ■^"''-3 
*  2«a'.  courage  and  patriotism  n/  "'""J"™''  """m  ^vifi, 

On  the  28th  the  enemTl     "■  *»T«««''<i. 
of -all  arms-i„l?f,:2"'-«<'  "^  ^"^^  •>"-'fc  "re 
v*7ed  over  the  river  in  boZf,        '""'''"^  ^'"^  <^-- 
;7'»ever^directio„     s  te  ,,of"r7';f '  '''^  «»-'- 

-«on  .ith  ZZ::%^:^: "  r-r  *' »"  --««•- 

^'^f  "P  the  whole  day  xt '  °"^  """^  '=""»  »a, 
'» [«; in  the  construS  oTZ'T^  """^  P^°Sr«««d 
"■ght,  that  tl,eyaffi„^ed  fhl       'J*'"'""'"*''  ''"'•ing  the 

'''°«nded  as  he  wl,  standi„Tn.r.!  *^'' ^"^  "■»'•*""/ 

April  30-the  besi^!.  i  u^      ^'"  *''^  e^""^'-   • 
"gainst  the  enemv!l  f  •^"''*  "?  '^  "«"  diroc%,i  f 
«'e^r  pro.resrC^E^';; -'i=.e.h,;;^^^^^^^ 

P^-ss  to  the  fort  Meigs  side  of  S!  «cn  Here  seen  t. 
ti.e  General  to  Leliev:  that  tl^ir"""'  «"'^  ''"Jnced 
J::  ''«<'»«-  to  their  ba  eries  a«d  t  '""  "'^^  ''  '"'-- 
the  camp  in  the  rear.      Ord!r^  ""'f'**  '*»«*  ^tor.. 

-e  third  of  the  men  to  Si  CaT.  "'"""''^  «"-  «' 
•emammgtwo  thirds  to  sle^n  ,^'°''S"'«d,a,>dtJie 
their  arms,  and  to  h        ^  "'"'  "'eir  mustnt, 

it7«^.      ....  "•     *"     ">      to    IJi/>i»    .^ V       "     _- 


'pe jtricHj   obcj-ed 


4 


and 


Po^tf-    lliescordo 


"err   du^,  J 


i« 


•W*:i 


'eriorm^^ij 


1)8 


HISTORY  OF 


;s 


with  cliccrfulneas.  Notwithstanding  the  incessant 
fire  of  the  enem^,  the  men  were  obliged  to  go  to 
the  river  for  water  every  night ;  the  well  not  being 
finished.  Several  of  the  men  were  this  day  wounded 
and  the  General  being  continually  exposed,  had  several 
narrow  escapes.  During  the  night  the  enemy  towed  up 
a  gun  boat  near  the  fort  and  fired  at  point  blank  shot 
for  some  time,  but  without  effect.  They  retired  fron> 
this  position  as  soon  as  it  was  light  enough  for  our  gun* 
ners  to  see  her. 

The  grand  traverse  was  now  completed,  as  well  as 
several  small  ones  in  various  directions.  The  fire  from' 
tiie  garrison  was  begun  with  efTejct.  During  the  day' 
(May  Ist)  the  enemy  fired  256  times  from  their  gun' 
batteries.  Their  24  pound  shot  passed  through  the 
pickets  without  cutting  them  down.  Our  gunners  silen- 
ced one  of  their  pieces  several  times.  They  did  not 
firf  so  rapidly  as  the  enemy,  btit  with  a  better  aim;  8- 
of  the  Americans  were  wounded  this  day  ;  a  bullet 
struck  the  seat  on  which  the  General  was  sitting,  and  a 
volunteer  was  at  the  same  time  wounded  as  he  stood 
directly  opposite  to  him. 

On  the  2d  of  May  both  parties  commenced  firing  very 
early  with  bombs  and  balls,  and  continued  it  very  brisk- 
ly all  day.  Our  troops  had  1  killed  and  10  wounded, 
besides  several  others  slightly  touched  with  Indian  bul- 
lets.    Tke  enemy  this  day  fired  457  cannon  shot. 

The  next  day  commenced  with  a  very  brisk  and  fierce 
firing  of  bombs  and  cannon  balls,  and  continued  at  in- 
tervals all  day.  They  opened  two  batteries  upon  th* 
fort,  which  they  had  established  on  this  side  of  the  river, 
within  250  yards  of  the  rear  right  angle  of  the  cjimp, 
one  of  which  v»«s  a  bomb  battery.     Au  Indift»ywlo1ia4 


"?' 


THE  LATE  WAR.  y. 

51C  times  duri„' 1  i  JVn  ,  "'Z^*  '""»''*•     The.y  fired 

It  rained  ^tr'^tT^,  '^'n'r""*'" ''-^''^ 
fire  of  the  begieters       A  u      "^"'^  '••^""•aed  th, 

erecting  on  tl  S'of  ti  • '  '""^  "'^  ''*'=''^«'^ 
with  tbf  other"  ail  "'""' '"  '''  "«•»«  •'•^"«o« 
•gainst  the^  t^-^riTTT' '" ^'^^ 
Went.  Gwvnn  killed  a  vvk  ^i"*^  ""'^  '^""""J«'»- 

river  with  a  rifle     fil^h!     '     "!""  ""  *"*  """^  *^* 
On  the  -stl.  *K  ^"'^ ''"«  "'•'•'J  'bis  day. 

^oi?i:i.,:S'thrroroit:^''  vt'^-  "^•"■^"'  *^"-^ 

officer  arrived  from  Gen  ciTr;  vf"l'''"  '^'  *'^'^  »«« 

that  a  reinforcement  oTabon AS  Wl-^      "''"'• 
bis  command,  werp  J«.  *»"»«' I2"0  Kenti.ckians  Hndg, 

fmed  boataTrsh! HH   r^        »^«-°  »»  C'^t  hot- 

Harrison   dispatched  Canfr"  ?,"''''^"''°"  """^"^''^ 
Gen.  Clay  to  dll   ^*P*-  """"""«  with  orders  f«r 

-bo  were'd  ect  d  „  ltd   r  """  ''"-"''«  ^"Sa". 
the  riyer,  about  a  mili  and  a'hT*  *"  ""  ''"  ^"""^  «" 

«»arcb  from  thence"  the  British  it  """"  '""^  *"^ 
*<H.sion  of  their  cannon   S'    ,J        '"''  "  *»'"'  P"«- 

carriages  and  return  tolttat'r""*  '°"''  *'^'^'' 
•The  order  of  descending  the  ri,^,,.„,    , 

Mme  as  the  order  of  march  ifr.  ^  '""''  '""^  "•'« 
column,  each  offieerTk'"*.'"''^ ''""•'=''« "J;* 
rank.    Col.  Dudir  tie  !f/T  ?  ''"='«•'""»' to  hi. 

fen.  Cla,  ordered  c';i.t.^iX:tt  "^^ '"'  ^*'- 
twelye  first  boats  and  ^xeouT^h.  f  ?  "'"  *"  *''« 
son.    The  detachment  h,!d^,      V"'  "^ ^'''-  "a^-ri • 

batteries  with  atXg it  •th*T''*^^"'»'' 
and  tort  seyeral  pris^tr  o.^"  ^.^f!"^"^,'"^  ^an. 


and  tort  seyeral  prisoner.     n^./J^'l''''^  .'""^  cannt 
«nem,  .ear  the  batterio  wer;!!^:"^"^ f^  "'-''^ 


o-ii 


J  00 


HISTORY  OF 


was  commenced  and  continued  for  a  considerable 
If  tigth  of  time,  until  the  main  body  of  the  British  who 
were  encamped  nearly  a  mile  in  the  rear  of  the  batteries 
come  up  and  cut  off  the  retreat  of  the  detachment.  A 
Revere  conflict  ensued  which,  however,  soon  termi- 
nated in  the  capture  of  the  greater  part  of  the  detach- 
ment. About  150  effected  their  escape  to  the  river. 
The  others  were  either  killed  wounded  or  taken.  Col. 
Dudley  was  among  the  killed.  In  his  last  moments  he 
displayed  the  most  heroic  firmhess.  Being  severely 
wounded  in  the  action  in  the  leg  and  temple  and  faint 
with  the  loss  of  blood,  he  requested  a  soldier  to  give 
him  a  gun  and  to  have  hin.  'When  the  Indians  came 
Up5  he  fired  and  killed  one  of  them  5  they  rushed  upon 
h'.m  and  with  their  tomahawks  dispatched  him  in  a  most 
cruel  manner,  cutting  off  his  legs  and  arms  and  hewing 
\iy.H  body  to  pieces. 

The  prisoners  were  conducted  to  the  enclosure  of 
th:5  old  il)itis!i  fort  and  being  but  feebly  guarded  the 
Indians  broke  in  upon  them  and  tomahawked  a  number. 
It  ii  said  that  two  of  the  British  soldiers  were  killed  in 
attempting  to  defend  them.  It  is  certain  thatTecumseh 
exerted  himself  in  arresting  the  massacre  and  actually 
burled  lii©  tomahawk  in  the  skull  of  a  Chippeway  chief. 

After  the  retreat  of  the  British  from  before  Fort 
Meigs,  General  Harrison  caused  the  battle  ground  on 
the  left  bank  of  the  Miami,  to  be  carefully  examined, 
and  after  a  diligent  search,  only  45  bodies  of  Col.  Dud- 
ley's men  could  be  found,  but  these  were  horribly  mu- 
tilated. 

}  AVhile  Col.  Dudley  was  storming  the  British  batterie«, 
Gen.  Clay  landed  on  the  right  bank,  a  little  above  the 


*       1         t-kr--!--! i_J 


h$  r^Cdivv^  •! 


waiHl  iu^f  ArOiji 


THE  tATE  WAIt. 

-ade  the  fort,  htu    Lt  f  cWnrr""';'  '''""^  "- 
neglected  to  secure  th.ir  lick  and  h        "  ''^'  "'"^ 

Tpursnlt  of  the  Indian,    wf  *®^''  *""^  '^ «""  *» 

•fcetter  to  I„re  our  ten  ;„  H  V'"?"'''^  "'''*''»""'  *« 
perceiving  their  danVr   SS""- .  «--«-ri„ou 

^ro«  the  fort  for  the  p«  poeof  L!^*'"''     f"'*"  '"^'^ 
and  escortinK  them  in  •  hJ  f "PP'og  the  pursuit 

the  Indians  hid  SnTd'tJe  T'rl"''  '"'  "''*  «"  "ft"' 
a»a  plundered  the  bat^:  '  '""'''"'^'^^^  «"e  sick 

V'e  same  day  several  successful  .    .• 

«S»'n8t  the  enemv's  w^.i         f       s»rf»M  were  made 

'••"•t-     The  sortie  on  thSr  \"^^'  ''*"''  '«''<>-  «'- 

^vas  led  by  Col.  John  MHW    Z  *' '"'"'S'" "^ *<=  "'<=>• 

,a  mixed  force  of  volunj  '^Yn,       T  """""-^ '  '"* 

^50  men,  he  overthre ,!  twL  ?^  '"*^'''"''  '">*««ecdins 

Indians.  ''  ''"*=«  '"«.  numbers  of  B.itisl.  aRd 

fort  is  a  deep  gull"  »'/"h o  K  "7l"-teiy  below  the 
distance  of  loo  yJa^  "Irl  !*  ?•  f  *""'■  "^"^  ""'•« 
lars  and  a  h. .;  f,nZ^.Z\  r'"^  SOtf  British  re.,.. 
tilleHetsattheg  „s  n/"' '''^P™'-««"ofthe:,. 
-euded  the  ^yur^^:^^^  *^  ?»n^so» 
m  a  few  yards  of  the  enem.      !,  *''*^  **»•«  *'«>- 

'tructive  fire,  carried  «S    ^^"V^'^  °P«"«<'  a  de- 
and  made  50  pSerf      '"'"'''  "'T^'^  ^-^-^y 
From  the  6th  to  the  9*h  th      '  '■."'"'' 

— -  -.7  "ic  ciiemy  to  Hui        "  '      -  x^^- 


^SA^i 


route. 


1 


o 


»>in  order  jto  pturi^  Jio 


Ht# 


» 


n^ 


t  HISTORY  OF 


On  tlie  morning  of  the  9tli,  tlic  enemy  commenced 
0«cir  march  down  the  Miami,  after  having  been  before 
1' e  place  14  dajs,  during  which  they  had  discharged 
at  the  works  1800  shells  and  cannon  lalla,  besides 
keeping  up  an  almost  incessant  fire  of  small  arms. 
Tlic  Indians  Morc  the  first  to  leave  the  grtund,  ueing 
greatly  dissatisfied  from  tlie  severe  loss  they  had  sus- 
tained m  the  several  actions  on  the  5th.  They  were 
far  more  numerous  than  their  white  allies.* 

The  defence  of  Fort  Meigs  vill  rank  in  history  a- 
mong  the  most  brilliant  achievements  of  the  war,  as 
well,  on  account  of  the  obstinacy  of  the  defence,  as  the 
daring:  and  successful  execution  of  the  different  sorties. 

The  situation  of  the  garrison  was  sufficient  to  dampen 
i'.\t  ardor  and  unman  the  energies  of  less  determined 
men.  Great  quantities  of  rain  fell  during  the  siege. 
The  soil  within  the  pickets  being  clay,  the  constant 
t  'Cading  of  men  and  horses  reduced  the  whole  area  of 
tnc  fort  to  the  consistence  of  mortar,  lialf  leg  deep;  and 
the  frequc at  bursting  of  shells  caused  the  mud  to  fly  in 
sV.owers  and  in  every  direction,  giving  to  the  ofiicers 
Slid  men  the  appearance  of  an  assemblage  of  brick- . 
,^akers. 

*  •  *u\  am  unable  to  form  a  correct  estimate  of  the  en- 
emy's force.  The  prisoners  varied  much  in  their  ac- 
f: mints  ?  those  who  made  them  least,  stated  the  regulars 
{;t<560s  and  railitia  at  800  5  but  the  numbers  of  the  In- 
♦lians  were,  beyoniu  comparison,  greater  than  have  ever 
been  brought  into  the  field  before ;  numbers  arrived 
rtr/ter  the  siege  commenced.  I  have  caused  their  camps 
on  the  southeast  side  of  the  river  to  be  particularly  ex- 
^.miaed,  and  the  general  opinion  is,  that  there  could  not 


pr< 

the 

at  I 

1 

the 

N 

cd. 

tion 

«elve 

if 

Ik     "^ 
*      J 

name! 


The 
nioven 
done.l 
'is  tro 
jmt  a  a 
attendc 
*•  is  sen* 
scriptio 
leturnii 
fiduity 
borious 
'nerit  w; 
difficult 
fyor,    on 
tion   gav 
ticularly 
Gratiot,  G 
f  ortant  di 
Wood,  of 
of  meiit,  i 
the  works 
^'iti  be  m, 


■1*: 


'^i 


THE  J.KrR  mah. 

precaution  wa,  Ukc„  ,o  p  ^  j"  !'''  "»'P-  iSvcr;, 
t  'f  arm^  ,vas  «i,e,.y,  „/ '""/  '"  f  "«••  One  thir,I  of. 
•t  their  post.  "         {'"""'-o't.n  (I,,.  ,,h<,,,  ,,^^^ 

The  vigiUnee^  j^y^. 

ger,  of  the  commander  in  cUienlTj  *,''"""'"  *"  '^• 
the  spirit  of  the  troops.  '   ^  "'*  ■"*'  '""^t  »po« 

Numerous  feats  of  indivirf,  ,i  i 
I'i-    Gen.  irarrison  has  «£;;  i"/;'?  '^«-  Perfoh«. 

«-n  many  of  the  brave  men  tho  H  .  "°":"  *"  "'«  '•^^ 
»elvcs.»  •"*"  "f""  distinguished  them- 


^fptlon  and  Tf  irer/^o^'^*  "''''  '^o:;tftX^ 

J'O'ioX  Su'ef  S."  ''"'  P-Sn'e%n  r  f" 
•11"*  'vas  so  grnerali^f„r '!,''•">  «llcd  for.    W.i"" 
'I'fflcult  to  disS  „t"''V\^'  «'■»««*  universal-I  t*i! 
fiver,    omit   to   men"*  n'  tJ,     *  «^*"«'-'''l  cannot    hL 
fion  cave   <>i-.™  "   '"C    names  ^r  *i.       '  ?**'*'- 

%^-  ■      •  •' —'• "^"ai  IB  the  camp,, 


Simi 


-i»l»M«I'"«#S«» 


104 


^  HISTORY  OF 


After  the  raising  the  siege  of  Fort  Meigs,  the  pdan  of 
the  campaign  iiras  changed  upon  the  recommendation  of 

*i6«n,  Harrison.  Vessels  were  building  at  Erie  and 
beats  at  Cleveland  5  until  these  were  readj,  it  wa« 

"ifetermined  to  act  on  the  defensire. 

♦        .     ,  :*  >  ■  •-,'.. 

witnessed  his  indefatigable  exertion^  his  consummate 
fjskk  in  providing  for  the  safety  of  every  point,  and  in 
foiling  every  attempt  of  tlie  enemy,  and  ip  undaunted 
bravery  in  the  performance  of  his  duty  in  the  most  ex- 
posed situations.    An  unfortunate  wound  in  the  com- 
mencement of  the  siege  deprived  the  general,  after  that 
^e  of  the  able  services  Maj.  Stoddard,  of  the  artillery, 
-whose  zeal  and  talents  had  been   eminently  useful. 
Capt.  Gratiot,  in  the  remissiov.  of  a  severe  illness,  took 
charge  of  a  battery,  and  managed  it  with  ability  and  ef- 
fect.   Capt.  Cushmg,  of  the  artillery,  and  Capt.  Hall, 
•of  the  irth  infantry,   (but  doiuRg  duty  witli  the  former 
corps)  were  extremely  active  and  attentive   to  their 
post.    Col.  Miller  and  Maj.  Todd,    of  the  19th /t. 
S.  infantry ;  ^Majors  Ball,  of  the  dragoons,  Sodwick, 
and  Maj.  Ritier,  of  the  Ohio  militia,  and  Maj.  Johnson, 
of  the  Kentucky  militia,  rendered  the  most  importent 
•services.     To  each  of  the  above  gentlemen,  as  well  as 
to  each  captain,  subaHern,  noncommissioned  officer  and 
private  of  their  respective  commands,  the  general  gives 
•his  thanks  and  expresses  his  warmest  approbation :  also 
to  Adjutant  Brown,  Mr.  Peters,  conductor  of  artillery, 
Mr.  Lion,  principal  artificer,  Mr.  Timbeilee,   and  to 
"Sergeants  Henderson,  Tommes  and  Meldrum,  who  sev- 
erally htd  charge  of  batteries  and  block  houses.     The 
battery  managed  by  Sergeant  Henderson  was,. as  the 
enemy  confessed,  managed  with  peculiar  efficacy  and 
effect  with  respect  to  the  sorties  wliich  were  "J-ade  on 
tjjie  5th  instant.    The  subsequent  information  w%ich  has 
been  received  from  the  prisoners,  has  given  the^  t*:^^?^ 
which  were  engaged  on    those  occasions  additional 
-claims  upon  the  gratitude  of  their  gencrul.     It  is  ascer- 
*«;««,i  +i,-f  \r.  K^^fVi  inefanrps  the  enemv far  outnumUercii 
oui'  troops.    The  general  gives  his  thanks  to  Bri^.  ben. 


C 

C/a 

Clay 

Mm] 

Col. 

andj^ 

on  tin 

calf,  1 

tales, 

feated 

6th  in; 

ular  tr 

sorties 

Capt.  { 

Jantry 

the  repi 
The/e 

incnts  f 
*'ie'rres 
Langhar 
assigned 
two  duB 

flanked  i 

^'anadiar 

terms  of  1 

^'ampbell 

*^nsi|;ns .« 

ton.    Tin 

each  of  ih 

officers,   r 

,^ere  engi 

/«e£;enerj 
'ortfieifci 


TflfcLATE  WAR. 


On  the  lath  of  M«v  r      »      '^"*  *°^ 


^tJt?''  the  enemy     §^hf  *•=  ^"'^  with  Xh^«.SL" 
sorties  oir*r''/?'"'''«e'-8.  nhich  «"'''"''  "^  t^e  reg. 

*«e.riesDer«v.    ^''''and  19th  U    V,.  •*  *«  detach.. 

aasiSi  'f  i'""'  and  Nerin^?i,,^''"«''an»  Bedford 
flanked  b™„  ?"*'*''  grenadiers  In,'^'  ,'^«'f">ded  bj 
terms o^the"cai^  ^"^^  ^^^r^^Z"'"^'"^'"  «f 
J^nsigns  sLn  &""',  .^«^«'  Kercheval  .n!l  o    ""'**°«nte      -  ■ 


■:-% 


'^'in.  the  action    rtt '■'«*<''«■ 
action  of  th«  5th  cs 


106 


HISTORY  Ot 


In  June  informatbn  was  received  that  the  CHewy 
meditated  an  immediate  attack  on  Fort  Meigs.  The 
^h  r^epment  was  then  on  its  march  to  Sandusky ;  the 
General  being  at  Franklinton,  followed  the  regiment, 
and  overtaking  it  near  the  Seneca  towns,  selected  30O 
of  the 'most  active  men,  and  made  a  forced  march  to 
Fort  Meigs.  The  black  swamp  was  t!hen  in  a  state  to 
iiiider  marching  the  most  toilsome  j  the^iMd  was  half 
leg  deep,  and  so  stiff  that  it  required  great  exertion  to 
disengage  the  foot  from  it.    The  Colonel,  Anderson, 

lil^  assistance  he  received  from  them  throughout  the 
siege*  Major  Hukill,  the  acting  inspector  general,  dis- 
tinguished himself  by  his  assiduity  in  forwarding  the 
part  of  our  works  which  was  niost  necessary  and  which 
was  most  exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  enemy.  From 
'Major  Graham,  hid  aid4e  camp—his  volunteer  aid  de 
camp,  J.  Johnson,  esq.  and  from  Lieut.  O'Fallon,  acting 
assistant  adjutant  general,  as  well  as  from  the  deputy 
quarter  ma$t#^  Mr.  Eubank,  he  received  the  greatest 
ftssistance. 

It  rarely  occurs  that  a  general  has  to  complain  of  the 
excessive  ardor  of  his  men,  yet  such  appears  always  to 
be  the  case  whenever  the  Kentucky  militia  arc  engaged. 
It  is  indeed  the  source  of  all  their  misfortunes.  They 
appear  to  think  that  their  valor  can  alone  accomplish  a- 
ny  tiling.  The  general  is  led  to  make  this  remark  from 
the  conduct  of  capt.  Dudley's  company  of  the  regi- 
ment, as  he  has  understootf  that  that  gallant  officer  was 
obliged  tb  turn  his  espontoon  against  his  company  to  o- 
blige  them  to  desist  from  a  further  pursuit, of  the  ene- 
Kiy,  in  compliance  with  an  order  from  the  geneial. 
,^.JSwsh  temerity,  altho'  not  so  disgraceful,  is  scarcely  less 
W  ^M  than  cowardice.  And  in  the  instance  above,  had 
It  been  persisted  in,  would  have  given  a  different  result 
to. the  action,  as  the  whole  of  the  enemy's  forces  which 
were  nlaced  near  the  batteries  would  have  b^en  prccip- 
ita^d^upou  the  fear  of  oui*  4etachment.    'I  he  pursuit 


*Si, 


THE  LATE  WAR. 

»»d  the  Lieut.   Col.  Gaine,  .    r 
horses  and  alternately  led  2  J™"**''  f'-"""  tteir' 
the  ardor  ^  tl,e  office^/XVn  S^">*»*-    '"  S^''**  -«« 
ft"  state  of  the  road,  they  relched  f    A''^"'"'*'"«''»& 
the  second  evening  of  tiiv!).      .  ^°''t  Meigs  early  oi 

-'*  tr  "'  "-^iJ-Vi?     ""  '•'"» ''°''  «^'' « 
^t.speHodCol.MnsonarHyedatthefoH 


beinestonn.-!    ,.  "*  '"'■*  **** 

««"»rf.w,i,.«  °mcui.'°*  "■*'^■'=^■• 
U,  g.  dragoons, 

12  mo.  volunteers, 
^et^diment  of  U.  > 
S.  infantrjr,      '  y 


1 
39 

5 

30 

3 

.2 


0 

90, 

ir 

8 
S9 


.U  f^V 


3 


1 

129 
20 

II 

91 


Total, 


189 


81 
^«jV8  Stoddard  and  f?'1;M?'^     ''''  ^^^ 

124  Winded.  Jh^fr^^^reM^^  ^ 

NoTP     'PI       .      Actinff  assi«f««/  j'^^^^ON, 


>v"  a 


108 


HISTORY  OF 


Ills  mounted  regiment  by  the  route  of  the  Aux  Glaize 
river,  and  was^sent  to  the  river  Raisin  to  obtain  intelU- 
^fince.  Three  Frenchmen  Irere  taken  and  brought  to 
:ihc  foft,  from  whom  it  was  understood  that  the  enemy 
were  making  preparations  for  some  entei-prize  5  but  it 
was  Hot  known  against  what  point  it-would  be  directed. 
T|ie  General  supposed  it  most  probable*  that  the  attack 
would  be  made  upon  Erie,  Cleveland  or  Sandusky. 

The  300  men  of  the  24th  regiment  were  left  at  Fort 
Meigs.  On  the  30th  of  June  the  General  set  out  for 
Ol^y^^d  attended  by  an  escort  from  Johnson's  regi* 
ment^nd  directed  the  remainder  to  follow  him. 

At  lower  Sa^idusky,  he  met  with  Ball's  squadron, 
which  had  been  ordered  from  the  interior  of  Ohio  upon 
the  first  information  of  the  expected  invasion.  The 
General  1  elieved  that  the  enemy  would  attack  Cleve- 
land rather  than  Fort  Meigs,  in  order  to  destroy  the 
boats  building  there,  and  possess  themselves  of  a  consid- 
erable magazine  of  flour  which  had  been  collected  there 
by  the  contractor.  He  therefore  proceeded  to  that 
point  to  make  arrangements  for  its  defence.  Major 
Jessup  commanded  at  Cleveland,  with  one  company  of 
artillery  and  two  of  militia.  Ball's  squadron  and  a 
company  of  12  month's  regulars,  were  also  ordered 
there.  A  small  fort  was  erected,  and  the  boats  sunk  or 
moved  high  up  the  Cayalioga.  Johnson's  regiment 
of  mounted  volunteers  were  placed  at  Huron,  nearly 
riiid  way  between  Sandusky  and  Cleveland,  that  they 
mi^it  go  to  the  assistance  of  eitlier  place  as  circum- 
^nces  should  require. 

Wliile  these  arrangements  were  making  upon  ^c 
shore3  of  lake  Erie,  Generals  M'Arthur  and  Cass  were 
actively  employed  in  recruiting  two  regimeniS;  of  "^ 


4* 


«-^^ '  t 


^'HE  LATE  WAR 

months  VQlacteerfl  in  ii,  '  "^^ 

^tate  of  Ohio.  ^^'^  "'^^^  populous  parU  of  tlie 

aanduskjr.  ^"^"  '<*  aeneca  town  «»  f^^^ 

>'«■•  of  Indian  Ckieft  1 2       ■•'''*"'"'" '"*''  "'»'"»• 
propositions :  *  *"  '''""»  "«*  ""^de  tiiree  distinct 

neutral,  er  ^"^  """•  ^^itlemenU  and  ren^ain 

ti'eir  protection'  *"*'"^  *'"'  P'«^«  ^emselves  under 
^tera  short  consulta«n.,*k     " 

Canada.    Sfa,,,^  ."^"rwlrds  r"'  •"  ^"^  ""'"-''"  "^ 

the  number  of  3,^.    BuTfh    t  J^^''"'"*^  *«  »™r  to 

*-est  continued  t   .„!ke  „„'"."'.  '"  '^'^  «"««"  in. 

«»d  committed  frequent  mnZ?  'T  *""  '"*«'"»''»'« 

den  coasted  do,vn  the  lafc!!,  f  '    "^  P"*^  f""»  Mai- 

th«J killed,  scalped  a„dt,T        **  ""''^  '='«"'',  when; 
«  omen  and  „i„c'^,\V;,l™*'''' P™<>»e- one  n«„.  th^^^^ 

2i  of  his  cavalry  werftrfpa^a    ,        V*  ■    ^^-  ^^H  ,vith 
«"-  belo.  Sender  Ltw-f''  'r'^^''^  ^  '■- 

*«rriors,,vhohadpiaced  ^ri  elvL      '  f  ''  ^"l'"" 
purpose  of  J,ilii„„  L  ma;,.  I'  '"  *"">"'«'>  for  the 

Col.  Ball  instantlVctaS;:"!''™'' "?"»  ^-  Part^ 
fromacopseofhaiienutiirrr  *'"''*'•»*'=«'«; 
«ye  for  ca^alrj.,  and  the tdtu,  J''!-™''"''  «'»3fevo^ 
"o^'tlie  possiwL-  „f  „!.  ''^""''  ^"^'"S  neither  merer 

d<^»peAteJr  until  the  Z^.TZn-  t^L'  '"'  ''"'^* 

K  '''^"  Pa^tj^  were  cut  to 


no* 


HISTORY  OF 


IH«»oeF.  Col.  Ball  was  at  one  time  opposed  in  personal 
:0.  contest  lo  an  Indian  of  gigantic  stature ;  it  was  a  doubt- 
ful and  desperate  struggle  ;  tife  was  at  stake  ;  both  ex- 
erted*^ the  utmost,  when  a  dexterous  thrust  of  the 
.^woft  terminated  the  contest  in  the  death  of  the  Indian. 
After  this  terrible  example,  not  an  Indian  was  seen  on 
the  east  side  of  the  »Sandusky  in  quest  of  plunder  and 
blood. 

The  regiment  of  Gol.  Johnson,  with  the  exception  of 
100,  whom  Gen.  Harrison  dismounted,  retired  into  the 
iiiterior  of  Ohio,  for  the  purpose  of  recruiting  their 
horses.  Col.  Ball's  squadron  were  also  dismounted, 
to  act  as  infantry. 

■  On  the  first  of  August  Gen.  Proctor  made  his  appear- 
ance before  fort  Stephenson,  18  miles  above  the  raouth 
of  the  river  Sandusky,  His  troops  consisted  of  500 
regulara  and  about  700  Indians  of  the  most  ferocious 
kind.  There  were  but  138  effective  men  in  the  gaiTison 
and  the  works  covered  ©ne  acre  of  ground.  Major 
George  Croghan  commanded  the  place.  The  pickets 
were  about  ten  feet  high,  surrounded  by  a  ditch  with  a 
block  house  at  each  angle  of  the  fort ;  one  of  which 
contained  a  six  pounder ;  this  was  the  exact  state  of 
the  post,  at  the  time  the  enemy  appeared.  The  first 
movement  made  by  the  eneniy,  was  to  make  such  a  dis- 
position of  his  forces,  as  to  prevent  the  escape  of  the 
garrison,  if  they  should  be  disposed  to  attempt  it.  He 
then  sent  Col.  Elliot  with  a  flag,  to  demand  the  surren- 
der of  the  fort.  He  was  met  by  ensign  Shipp.  The 
British  ofHcei*  observed,  that  Gen.  Proctor  hwi  a  num- 
ber of  cannon,  a  large  body  of  regular  troops,  and  so 
many  Indians  whom  it  was  impossible  to  conti  ol,  an4  if 
the  t\>rt  was  taken,  as  it  must  be,  the  whole  of  tiic  g^rii* 


THE  LATE  WAR.  :L^ 

son  would  be  massacrefl     <si  ■  ^^ 

the  determination  of  iof  r?  \»*^'»-«<l.«'at'U*as 
men,  to  defend  thetlS'  W*"'  ''"  »«'=*^"a«d 
they  might  do  theirCt  Col '  rn- '"  '"  '*'  «'«'  "'»* 
Shipp  again  .."Vouietfin^       W'x't  addressed  Mr. 

situation  5  f,.G„d"aX''r/T^'"*"'  *  P't^^--^ 
dreadfm  slaughter  ,11^!^  . *!:'  "'"'  P''=^e"t  the 
SWpp turned frmikMSi";"'*  '^™"''''  resistance." 

wrest  his  sword  from  hL  ^  ',?''"  ''*^"^'"Pt«<»  to 
what  passed,  called  to  Shi ',•''"■  *"'*«'""'  '•'serving 
w«s  instanti;  obeyed  .„d  the  !  '"""?  '"'"  *''^  '"'''''  « '"«^'^ 
f  ing  began'fron/1  ;?;„  ;:f„''^,-'-  The 

kept  np during  the  nirftt      a.  *  "■"*■■'  ^n^  ^"S 

the  night  within  25T;io,t'  ^^  "'""*"'  ^"""g 
upon  the  fort,  but  wifh tttil  «£*"  a?'  ''''^'"' '"  P'»^ 
the  enemy's  g„„3  were  conco„7  /  ■  ^'""'*  ^  ^-  »^-  «» 
-estern  angl°  of  the  fort  for  tte  ''^'''"'**  *'"'  ■""«' 
•"•each.  To  counterac  Z  «  1'"''°''  *"" '""""6 » 
Croghan  caused  that  pSt  a  h.  ,''*  "'  '^'''  «'-'  Col. 
of  bags  of  flour,  sandTnd  oth?  f* ""''  ^^  """^^ 
manner  that  the  pickelin!     "*''.*^  ™'"'^™'3.  in  suoU  i 

B«tthee„e.„ys„';  LtSSf""':  7""  '"^'^''^ 
•battered  the  pickets,  ad^vlnced  to  tf'  ""  V''""'""'^ 
to  storm  the  place,  at  the  saTnA-  *'""""">"  of  500, 
on  diffe.en/   i„;^**  ^l*?  »ame  h.„e  making  two  feint,' 

against  the  north  western  2 J  '*'""''  advanced 

'eloped  in  smoke,  as  no"  to  to ''""""  '" ""'"P'^^^'j*"" 

^PProached  within  18  V  i^  discovered  until  it  ha,l 


im 


HISTORY  OF 


rallied,  Lieut.  Col.  Short,  the  leader  of  the  column  ex- 

claimed, "  come  on  my  brave  fellows,  wc  will  give  the 

«Umn'd  jankee  rascals  no  quarters,"  and  immediatelj 

leapt  into  the  ditch,  followed  hy  his  troops  :  as  soon  as 

the  ditcli  was  entirely  filled  by  the  assailants.  Major 

Croghan  ordered  the  six  pounder,  which  had  been  mask- 

«d  in  the  block  house,  to  be  fired.    It  had  been  loaded 

with  a  double  charge  of  musket  balls  and  slugs.      Tlii« 

piece  completely  raked  the  ditch  from  end  to  end.    Thd 

tirst  fire  levelled  tlie  one  half  in  death  ;  the  second  and 

tUinl either  killed  or  wounded  every  <Jne  except  eleven, 

who  were  covered  by  the  dead  bodies.     At  the  same 

time,  the  fire  of  the  small  arms  was  so  incessant  and 

destructive,  that  it  was  in  vain  the  British  officers  exerted 

themselvc?  to  lead  on  the  balance  of  the  column;  i^ 

retired  in  disorder  under  a  shower  of  shot,  and  sought 

safety  in  an  adjoining  wood.    The  loss  of  the  British  in 

killed  was  about  150,  besides  a  number  of  their  allies 

were  killed.      The  Americans  had  but  one  killed  and 

seven  slightly  wounded.    Early  on  the  morning  of  the 

3d,  the  eiicmy  retreated,  down  the  river,  after  having 

abandoned  considerable  baggage,  and  a  gun  boat  laden 

with  cannon  ball.  ,    ^ 

The  retreat  of  Proctor  was  precipitate.  It  is  difficult 
to  account  for  his  leaving  a  gun  boat  in  the  possession  of 
the  victors,  as  it  was  not  exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  fort. 

Just  as  the  enemy  were  surrounding  the  fort  two 
Americans  were  approaching  from  the  east,  on  the  oppo* 
site  side  of  the  river.  One  of  them  was  shot  down  ; 
the  other  attempted  to  escape,  but  was  pursued  ami 
made  prisoner.  He  was  taken  before  Gen.  Proctor  and 
interrogated-^-especting  the  number  of  th«  troops  mmt 
fo^    He  replied,  tiiat  it  did  note.yce«d  idO  muu  iM- 


k*«' 


THE  LATK  W\R 

««>•  the  defeat  of  the  on«mv  1,  '" 

before  the  British  Generalln.*'"  "'^"'"  '"'WJanrted 
deception,  and  declS '«:'?'«'''''"'"'*'' -'"•»* 
2000me„i„ga.,i,„„^;;;  »^  t«;.e  "'''  more  than 

upon  tl.e  pri.„„er  wa,  lil  f  ""=  »"»«''  =  where- 
"•^i-ed  of  in  thei..?v, „^:^'."f„ ^' *'- /"•«•«'  to  he 
fng  f«ct,  that  this  anforZ'*  *''*  *"'»«>*  ^nm. 
*"•«.  and  a  victim  to  the  fll  "**"  *^"  «  "«"V  to 

testimony  of  seTerll  l^T''  "''"*"  t"*  concurrent 
f^t  the  horrihie  celSr:;'.!"'  "'"  ^''■'='""'**^- 
twice  celebrated  shortly  aAl  «  "'"«  P""""""  w"*" 
«t  Fort  Stephenson    ^  the  repulse  of  the  enemy 

J^ne  American  fl'aj*».;«-»». 
recruited  in  Ohio  and  Kentur^  "*'"'"'*'"*  »*■  ^''S"'*^'. 
would  saj,«  picked  ifarrf"  *"  "'  "''•'"'  ^^■"'"Iph 
men  is  not  to  be  f^nd^S'^'^T-"  ^etaCnerset  of 

«l>ic«o«s  for  humanist  as  fr'"""  *'"'''  ""''^  "' '^»"- 
h  their  unceasing  attentit  t^^T*  ^'"*  '^  P^"^*" 
«fter  their  discomfiture  n  •  ^  "'°''°^'^'»  ""e^V 
'o^eivcd  into  the  fort  a^J  thor*?  !*"  "'»"*  *''«^-  '^«'1»>  •" 
to  the  fatal  p^rt  ho  e  To  1 1  r^''  """^  *»  «'"«^ 
move,  they  tlLw  canteen7nf!  ''''"'  '''"'  ""^'e  *<» 
day  after  the  action    ^  ""**  "■'"'^''ts.  The 

of  the  wounded  enemy       *       """'"'*<'  «'?  ^«^'^'-S^ 

yeSy  V"J';-Wledin  the  fort  ,va.  ahoy  U 

defiance  ot^he  eL':;7?Lr„t;T ''"  '"^'"^'^^« 
tore  U  from  his  body  anAl  ''^'  *t'''<=l'  "  affid 

a  f«^v  moments^      ^'   ""^  *''"  ?»•"■  f«"ov.  survived  S 

.Asoldier  wasat  the  qflmn*-  %- 

.^tand,  he  desired  a  n.^TJ'"^'  '^•°«'«'«'  I  «naMe  to 

i>^^m fire  ofl  the  ^nemyT"  '"  '**"'  ''^^'"'  S^'S', 

■"■'2       ■  ■       . 


114 


HISTORY  OF 


The  *ick  caught  the  spirit  of  their  comradea,  and 
crawled  to  the  pickets  where  they  loaded  the  supernu- 
merary pieces  for  the  others  to  fire. 

There  are  sereral  officers,  who  equally  with  Major 
Croghan  deserve  great  credit  for  the  part  they  took  in 
•the  defence  of  the  fort.  When  they  were  asked  by  th« 
Major,  if  they  were  willing  to  defend  the  fort ;  they 
unanimously  answered  <<  yes,  we  will  perish  sooner  than 
surrender."  The  names  of  the  most  conspicuous  arc 
Capt.  J.  Hunter,  Lieut.  Benjamin  Johnson,  cousin  to 
Col.  R.  M.  Johnson,  and  Ensign  Shipp.  The  zeal  and 
industry  of  these  officers  cannot  be  surpassed. 

The  ditch  into  which  the  enemy  rushed,  and  which 
was  raked  by  the  six  pounder,  exhibited  after  the  actio* 
a  frightful  spectacle.  The  blood  literally  stood  in 
puddles  at  the  bottom  ;  in  some  places  several  inches 
4ecp. 

The  front  side  of  the  block  house  against  which  the 
British  and  Indians  directed  their  principal  fire,  was 
covered  with  bullet  holes.  In  the  gable  end  alone,  the 
writer  of  this  volume  counted  upwards  of  150  impres- 
sions of  cannon  and  musket  shot. 

While  Proctor  and  Dixon  invested  Fort  Stephenson, 
Tecumseh  with  about  two  thousand  Indian  warriors 
ajiproached  fort  Meigs.  They  hovered  around  the  place 
for  iievcral  days  attempted  to  pUy  off  a  russe  de  guerre 
*p<>R  the  garrison.  They  commenced  a  sham  fight  in 
'i6e  woods,  about  half  a  mile  from  the  fort,  in  the  direc- 
iioncf  Lower  Sandusky;  the  fire  was  kept  up  with 
great  vivacity  for  some  time  ;  at  intervals  one  party 
would  appear  to  slacken  fire  and  retreat.  This  wasdone 
^0  indiAce  our  men  to  believe  that  a  reinforcement  llom 
^S%i3ky  was  endeavoring*  to  fight  its  way  intoi|iti«>|4^ 


T 

bu 
sal 
CIi 
fin( 
bio 

^ 

Stej 

Go^ 

patr 

volu 

inva 

Tl 

*     curn 

Sept 

Briti 

princ 

cover 

forac 

Imi 

Genei 

of  Po] 

him  w 

M'Art 

also  re; 

of  Pen 

In  shoi 

delay  ec 

was  vis 

ed)  br( 

inbloQk 


THE  LATE  WAR.  ,„ 

Mlly  out  to  assist  th  J  ''  »"''  "•reanxiou.t. 

findi-gthat  their  teLelrn^^'""    ^'^■«««"« 

"^ttr  "'••''^•'"^^^^^^^     ' ""'''  "■• 

StcphenVn'lurof  To«'  "T''"'  "^  '''•><=♦»'•  *•  Fort 

patriotic  pe^;,c„foW„     S    f  "'''"""'  "PP'''"  »»  *• 

invaders.    Fortunate! vfi!-"*^     •       ''°''  *"  '"•P"'  *« 
The  tide  of  viSt^ht      "'■'""*  ^^--enot required. 
'     current  in  favor  of  th^  Am  "• """'  *°  '**  *'"•  »  «'™ng 
September,  C„m„„Zre    ""rt"  ""!'•     *""  *'«'  '»* 
B'ltish  forceon  Lake  Erie      t{'"P""''^    *''«  ^^olc 
principal  barrier  to  the  conquest  of  m!?7  """r"'*'  "«> 
covers  of  the  Michigan  Tlrrho  °        .        "'"'  *'"  '*- 
f<"; active  offensive  oper.ti'"s     ^'  ""''  *"'  *'"'  »•«•"»« 

Immediately^  ,11 Z,  ^^X*  and  „  • 

t>eneral  began  to  concenltl  u    t  P"P»'ati<>n.    The 
of  Portage  river.    Gov  ^1  ""  ^"'"*  »'  *'"' "onth 
Wm  with  4000  volnnT        /'"'""'"'•"  «•'•«''  to  join 
^'Arthur  had  aJidirkS,  '"="^'"^'=^-    '^-'^ 
a^o  reached  Upper  SandlkrciT,,  '".l"- ^^^  ''«•» 
of  Pcnnsj^lvania  voluntee  s  w,,    '.        *'*  "  '■''«""'^''t 
In  short  about  rooo  mln  '"'^an^ng  ftoto  Erie. 

"oiayed  iavasi;rof'c\"n:d?  V""" '"' *^ '""« 
was  visible  in  camn     ^    .  "  greatest  acffw*, 

«d  J  bread  bakTd!;  l!,"      "'""'  '*'"'''*^'' '  ^eef jel^ 

«  Wook  houses    '  '"  "P"'''""'^  '"'^S^S^  3eiured 

®«,«hc  irthSentemW  #-»..    «  ., 

"-Munteera  fi^m  K^iiu:;::,^  :f  .!^«  ''Ij'  ^ 


40t9 


Kentuck^ranivcdatthen:*!, 


of 


116 


HISTORY  OF 


f 


Pwt^ge.  This  r©rmidablc  corps  were  all  moimUd  j  but 
'*  was  deemed  best  lor  them  t<»  act  as  infantry.  In  or- 
Ui  »to  secure  their  horses  against  escape,  it  Mas  onlj 
necessary  to  build  a  suh^lantiul  log  fence  from  Sandusky 
Bay  to  Portage  river,  about  two  miles  distant  from  each 
other  5  thi.^  done,  the  horses  were  provided  with  a  lux- 
urient  natural  past  ^re  of  nearly  100,000  acres.  The 
number  of  horses  lelt  on  the  Peninsula,  during  the  ab- 
sence  of  the  army  in  Canada,  was  upwards  of  5000,  for 
tlie  most  part,  of  the  first  size  and  condition  ! 

•On  the  20th,  General  M'Arthur's  brigade,  from  fort 
Meigs,  joined  the  main  body  at  Portage,  after  a  fati- 
guing march  of  three  days  down  the  lake  coast,  and 
through  a  part  of  the  immense  prairie  that  skirts  the 
southern  shore  of  lake  Erie  from  Portage  river  to  within 
a  few  miles  of  Brownstown.  In  this  toilsome  march, 
tlie  guides  often  lost  the  point  of  direction  as  they  were 
struggling  with  the  thick  and  lofty  grass  that  impeded 
their  progress.  Irequently  it  became  necessary,  to 
hoist  a  soldier  until  his  feet  rested  upon  the  shoulders 
of  another,  before  he  could  get  a  view  above  the  top  of 
the  grass  to  ascertain  their  course. 

Col.  Johnson's  regiment  remained  at  Fort  Meigs,  but 
had  orders  to  approach  Detroit  by  land. 

Such  of  Col.  Hill's  Pennsylvania  detached  militia. as 
chose  not  to  cross  into  Canada,  were  ordered  to  guard 
the  British  prisoners,  taken  by  Com.  P'^-ry,  to'^bili- 
<50the.  The  different  posts  on  tl»c  Ainencan  side  of 
the  lake  were  left  in  charge  of  the  Ohio  militia.  Fort 
Meigs  was  reduced  in  its  picketing  from  8  acres  ^o  I. 
\h<mt  500  Kentucky  volunteers  remained  on  thc^  JP^aiii- 
^    *%^^  ;^  lard  the  horses  and  stores. 

f  ry  tlun;>  iieing  now  ready,  the  embarkation  c^tiic 


troops  commenced  at  the  dawn  of  day,  en  the  %%t 


re 

th« 

r 

Oft 

uav 

pots 

P 

sele* 

the 

Meat 

boats 

ed  to 

the  ea 

of  th( 

this  n 

With  tl 

The 

transpi 

the  22( 

campcc 
semi  cir 

The  J 

the  enci 

.  in  .full  V 

plate  thi 
troops  \y 

*o  go  on  1 

The  mer 

tJie  Genej 

culated  to 

in  every  c 

Tie  am 

»««  ^  h 


TJIE  LATE  WAS. 

i^w  the  want  of  .  .„«  •    ,  '"^ 

th-n  one  third  of  t .  "riw  r"".'".'""'  "'  ■"**'  ""*  ■»"• 
There  i.  ,  range  „VTsl-^  ?    '^  ""''*^''  «'  ""-e. 

pots  forbag;age  and  store,.,  I,„'"'"{  '''"^*'"*'"  <•- 

'^'ectcdb^thegenev^rastrfi™"    T  P-*»«^ -« 
the  first  „.ge  in  Ms  '.,"1    *  P"'"'  "^  '^ndezvou, , 

weather  was  farorable      l    ^        ''""  "■«  ''ke-    The 
■--ts  reached  the  i  ".d  ^ir"  "'  *"«  «"'  -J'-ion  of 

"J  to  take  baek  fhe  boat ^for^^*^r''■**•''^«''«•'^''- 
the  eagerness  of  the  m!„  !  '"''"'  '"*''•     Such  w„ 
"^.  fe  whole  ar^^rthTthe;;:"'"''''  *"«  ««»-k:t7o, 
th^  regulation  bjvolunte  XIV'  """■'>  ""ticipated 
W'tli  the  boats.    EvervT     ^     ""■  *""''  "  to  return 
,   -^"e  fleet  of  co«S  rp™  «>«««*.  **"" 
transporting  the  bag^ge ^nE^'  «'-•</  engaged  ia 
"*  ^-M,  the  who  e  ,        .        *  «™r-    In  the  course  of 

-"»ped  on  the  margiT^f'Sf '"''""*  "''"'^'  "den- 
»e.ni  circle.  ^"      ''»« ^V'  which  for.^,  nearlr  . 

^'he  Lawrence  and  th     • 

P'^te  tMsTnterl:     "'"''"•'%''*  •'^'^  th  S^o  p!  f!;' "^ 

i^goonboard  thepSfl '''"7  •'°«  ""  Permitid 
The  men  were  high  riV'^  ""*  e^ect  of  4e  bataL 

l^uiated  to  „„ia„,e  j,  .  y;  »'^-  The.scene  was  cal- 
'"I'er^  Countenance.  '"*"**'^^  »«'<»•  which  was  visible 
itejrmywasdetaJnsJ:-- 


«««^thh;ru„fi,,„,7y; 


during  tli( 


» 


a  soldier 


ii,M|«.tlll»l 


118 


HISTOUY  OF 


of  the  regular  forces  was  ishot  for  desertion.  He  had 
deserted  three  times  j  had  heen  twice  before  condemned 
to  suffer  death,  and  as  often  pardoned  5  he  met  his  fate 
with  stoical  indifference,  but  it  made  a  very  sensible 
impression  on  the  troops.  Two  platoons  nrcd  on  him 
at  the  distance  of  five  paces,  and  perforated  his  body 
like  a  sieve.*  . 

On  the  25th  the  army  again  embarked  partly  in  boats 
and  partly  on  board  the  fleet,  to  take  a  nearer  position 
to  the  Canadian  shore.  The  flotilla  arrived  a  little  be- 
fore sunset j  at  a  small  island  called  the  Eastern  Sister, 
18  miles  from  Maiden  and  7  from  the  coast.  This 
island  does  not  contain  more  than  three  acres,  and  the 
mcii  had  scarcely  room  to  sit  down. 

On  the  26th  the  wind  blew  fresh,  it  became  necessary 
to  haul  up  the  boats,  to  prevent  their  staving.  The 
General  and  Commodore  in  the  Ariel,  made  aiccon- 
lioiasance  of  the  enemy's  coast  and  approached  within 
a  short  distance  of  Maiden.  Capt.  Johnney  was  dis- 
patched to  apprize  Col.  Johnson  of  our  progress.  Gen. 
Cass,  Col.  Ball  and  Capt.  M'Clelland  were  busy  in 
arranging  and  numbering  the  boats.*  At  sunset  the  lake 
had  risen  several  feet ;  indeed,  such  v.'as  the  violence  of 
the  surf  that  many  entertained  serious  fears  that  the 
greater  part  of  the  island  would  be  inundated  before 

'  *  It  is  woHhy  of  remark  that  but  two  soldiers  were 
shot  in  the  north  western  army  ;  and  so  unfrequent  was 
desertion,  that  from  the  time  I  joined  it,  till  its  depar- 
ture from  fort  George,  not  a  solitary  instance  occurred  ; 
at  least  none  came  to  my  knowledge,  although  J  made 
frequent  enquiries  as  tb  the  fact.  I  am  not  0i^^M  ^^ 
attribute  this  fidelity  to  the  public  service,  U0^m^- 

sense  of  <;he  force  of  moral  obligations.  The  caiile  is  cv*, 
ident ;  the  officers  are  generally  attentive  to  their  men 


mor 

rell( 
Oj 

its  fl] 

tious 

Was  a 

of  Wi 

and  n 

from  1 

and  ai] 

air  of 

panted 

in  feat^ 

good  fo 

the  flig] 

%lit ;  i 

that  the 

that  Bb 

Maiden. 

wiles  bel 

tiie  right 

the  cente 

•almost  h 

niarcJi,  en 

drilled  to 

ing  on  the 

well  wGiQ 

service,  th; 

bark  and  f( 

«^iti  thatt  to 

^  Asweap 

^nd  war  wh 


THE  LATE  W  \n 

worning.    However,  the  win.l      ,  ■ '.  "* 

«J;eved  our  apprehensions     '^  "'^'"''"'  «*  t''*lve  and 

['^^nf  e^SX":"^  ll^r"""f  *"«  »™^  -de 
*;«««  breeze  ma.le  „„,  ',' J^^  "'«'  fi«e,  and  a  propi. 
^as  a  sublime  and  deH»hCT  !  '""''"8  ''"^^me-    It 
o*  ;var  and  ,oo  boat  fl  ed  VT"''  *"''''"'''•  >«  ^hips 
and  wa|.sticaHy  to  'h/l!  """''  *""»<=  rapidly 

-J'.    The  reco4c  wtl  7»"''t  ^ores  of  the'en  { 
from  my  ,„e,„o  Th '  ^  '""  "*^"-  ''e  effaced 

-I  animating  i/the  iiTor't?  """"''"^  ^'"'^  S-nd 
«"•  •-•f  confidence  i„  every  *  .""'"•  '^'""•''  '^««  «» 
P-tedroran  opportun  t7to  rh:  tr""  '''"' ^-^p" 
'"  feats  of  courage  and  skiM  ""  ""'''  •"•'''"•en 

good  fortune  of  otr  brave  t^  ^'^^^eemed  to  envy  the 
tj'«  fl'ght  of  the  enemy,  a  '  "  .     r?  ''""  '»"°™"t  of 
%1't,.  indeed  the  belief  u"     "'""'^•""'y  expected  a 
"«t  the  enemy  weret  '  eatT*'"" r''"''''^  *'-  *™op' 
S:/'-"'^  Indians  as  :Su;i.f"T- believed, 
^^alden.  "''"  *^  Aecumseh's   were  at 

^^'e  landed  in  nprf-^f       i  • 

>»ile3  below  Maiden!    tI;?'^':  "{  ''***'<'  »*  ^  P.  M.  3^ 
tJ'"  right  wing.    Ball',  if       '*'"''^ '"'"'""O'-s  formed 

,;  -enter,  tJ.erSwtrtltff-S^"'^'^^''''-- 
' a'most  instantly  in  li„,  "  ,  t     "•     ^''«  t'oops  were 

d-  .lied  to  marching  i„  and  It  V  *,    !  *''"*'P^  ''••"'  been 

">«  on  the  beach.  °E  e^m      f  *''"  """"^^  "'^  'o  fo„n- 

-«"  --e  tl-.e7  masts  Sr*    e"'"  '"  '"''^*  ^  -"  - 

-"■•ce,that  acompanyt  uM  T/r*^"'"-^  P'-«  of 

bark  and  for,„  „„  th«beirh.7      ,'"*"  »''oat,de- 

«"'  th,t  t„„  «i,h„,„  ,,„  ,!  'A  '"  '«*  than  one  mi,n,te. 

,  A^  we  approached  Mair"  •'""""'"'•  ' 

»ndwar,vl,L„,..!r  ^^'''''en,  instead  of  (h, 


^•''O'JP  9f  tlie  Indian 


?,  a 


t«e  red  coats 
group  of  well  dressed 


1^0 


HISTORY  OF 


ladies  advanced  to  meet  us,  and  lo  implore  mercy 
and  protection.  They  were  met  by  Governor  Shelby 
and  Col,  Ball  who  soon  quieted  their  fears  by  assuring 
them  that  we  came  not  to  make  war  upon,  women  and 
children  but  to  protect  them. 

The  army  entered  Maiden  by  several  parallel  streets 
and  We  marched  through  the  town  to  the  thunder  of 
<«-  Fankee  Doodle,^^ 

The  ruins  of  the  fort  and  the  naval  buildings  were 
still  smoking.  All  the  loyal  inhabitants  followed  the 
British  army  in  its  retreat.  The  fort  is  surrounded  by 
a  deep  ditch  and  two  rows  of  heavy  pickets  :  What 
cannon  and  small  arms  they  were  unable  to  carry  away 
were  sunk  in  the  river.  The  enemy  in  their  haste  had 
left  an  18  pounder  in  this  battery. 

Three  miles  above  the  fort  is  an  Indian  village  which 
we  found  deserted,  and  so  suddenly,  that  many  essential 
articles  of  Indian  furniture,  such  as  brass  kettles,  were 
left  in  the  houses.  Here  we  procured  a  plentiful  supply 
of  green  corn,  potatoes,  &c.    This  village  was  notburnt. 

In  the  evening  after  our  arrival  at  Maiden,  CoU  Ball 
dispatched  an  ofliccr  and  twenty  men  to  prevent  the 
enemy's  destroying  the  bridge  across  the  Aux  Connards. 
The  enemy  were  found  on  the  bridge,  having  just  set 
fire  to  it.  Our  party  fired  on  them ;  they  dispersed  and 
the  bridge  was  saved. 

On  the  28th  we  passed  the  Aux  Connards,  and  en- 
camped two  miles  beyond  the  river,  in  a  neat  French 
settlement.  A  small  party  of  British  horse  shewed 
themselves  at  the  bridge  and  then  scampered  off. 

The  next  day  we  reached  Sandwich  at  2  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon.*    At  the  same  time  time  tlie  fleet  came 

*  Two  miles  below  Sandwich,  one  of  Governor  Shel« 
by's  volunteers  in  the  fank  gpiard  discovered  a*  Indian 


THE  LATB  WAK. 


;?P  the  river  to  Detroit.    TheP.        .'  ^^' 

'■"'«•■  below  I)c^L    a  fe  ^T"'''  ""  *'■"=  '>«"k  of  tfe 
^  ne  Indians  diM  «  ^  i 

"•"itiiatc4yjftj.gj,    ,      »     "J")-     fncy  hail  «„<• 
»ave  death.    n,e  Tn  r       .^'^S?  trraany  conlrf     a 
several  month'      rf    ""'  '""^  '"^^  «t  fi^e"^    ;"""=*' 

'■«j;-^eitet'^"^*'"-^--„::iK:^t  ■ 

-lae  eneiTiv  had  a  4-  c 
^^Mt  ti,e  /aii.  a„4ttil?"  """'''"S^  -itluntho 
P«''''c  store,  «  Jong  brick  b*??.'"'"''''"^''  ^»«'-e-      The 
»J»red  „n,^  in  tho^oof  An'"^  "•^'''-  *«  '"'■"rf  «L 

on  th  •; -;:-«»-^^'-,  a«d  .rrirz-p. 

<it  the  distance  of  Qon        . 

?^-^J■rd-c^^^^^^ 

P'ece,  and  in  huT  •  "'^""»  'lad  i>,ev;^nT    '"'"  to  <i»c 

'»''«  fiom  h;«  !!.J!^J','''  J«S 5  iw  w,'  "7! '  *';'"' ' eceiv. 
»T»patchcd  (hVl"'"'"."^'' '■  *"»' did  lint  r'/"'^  ""«  ''.ili'a 


>V 


HISTORY  O^ 


On  the  30tli  Col.  Johnson's  regiment  arrived  from 
Fort  Meigs  :  they  immediately  commenced  the  passage 
of  the  river  in  boats  ;*  Gen.  M' Arthur  with  the  greater 
part  of  the  regular  troops  was  charged  with  the  defence 
of  Detroit.  It  was  the  general  opinion  of  the  inhabi- 
tants that  there  were  1000  Indian  warriors,  under  Mar- 
pot  and  Split  Log,  lurking  in  the  woods  between  the 
river  Rouge  and  Huron  of  Lake  St,  Clair.  The  friend- 
ly Indians  took  several  prisoners  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  Detroit,  in  less  than  two  hours  after  w^ 
landed. 

On  the  2d  of  October  every  arrangement  was  com- 
pleted for  pursuing  the  retreating  British  army  up  the 
Thames.  The  force  selected  for  this  service,  were  the 
inqunted  regiment  of  Col.  Johnson,  three  companies  of 
CoK  Ball's  legion  and  the  principal  part  of  Gov,  Shelby ^s 
volunteers. 

From  Sandwich  to  the  Moravian  towns  is  84  miles. 
We  found  the  roads  for  the  most  part  good.  The  coun- 
try is  perfectly  level.  The  advance  of  the  troops  was 
rapid  ;  so  much  so,  that  we  reached  the  rjyer  Riscuni, 
25  miles  from  Sandwich,  in  the  evening.  The  enemy 
had  neglected  to  destroy  the  bridge,    Early  in  the  morn  - 

*  TIi'^  entrance  of  the  mounted  regiment  into  Detroit, 
presented  a  fine  military  spectacle.  At  2  P.  M.  ihe 
advance  of  the  column' began  to  emerge  from  Belle 
Fontaine,  and  were  visible  at  thep^t^ccoL.2  miles 
from  the  tov.  n.  The  width  and  mbi^ndH^ihc  road 
gave  the  military  and  citizens  a  full  view  of  i^approach. 
Both  sideii  of  the  street  for  a  congiderable  distance, 
wp-re  lined  with  spectators.  Suddenly  our  ears  caught 
the  thunder  of  1100  horse  in  full  motion,  The  whole 
tcglment  was  rapidly  approachinir  ;  and  in  ?k  moment, 
it  was  in  tivj  niid^t  •!'  us  upen  full  spred  and  ia  admira- 
ble Older.  .    -  .        '''' 


1£ 

re 

th 
th 
ar< 
coi 

wh 

l>ii< 

Thj 

had 

T 

in  h 

squa 

^arm 

ciicaj 

for  v( 

of  thi 

seven 

as  Dal 

prairit 

and  fo] 

son's  i 

tJiough 

its  ban] 

AtCi 

•St.  Clai 

bridge  t 

passage, 

commeii 

as  a  flan; 

arwyhal 

pounders 
<^&iii2oa  aj 


THE  LATE  WAn 
>ng  of  tlie  S.I,  tire  General  «  ,  ^^' 

the  Thames.    Ther.f  '"*"  ^'''"'  S'-  t'iair  and 

are  unfordable  it  a  c'n"r'lf'=''P  ""^  """W^«"<1 
^--trr.    A  Lieu  e,LT«T''r'""'  "''""'''  '"l»  *''« 

Jj^dges.  „e,-e  „,ade  prison^  ^^  7' *°''**'™-'- *= 
rhames;  from  nhom  the  r.  ,,  '^  "'""A  ofU.e 
X-certain  info„„"l?-r  ^0^*"  ^"^"'^ 

-   ''-'^.  ;.4cl  l;"^^^^^  '■'■- I>otroit 

^quaJron.    I„  (h^  evt-ninir  S.  ,      '="'"»"><''''e  Perry'* 
«"•",  eight  m,le,  fiom  i"fe  .''    "'"•7™^'=''  »t  ^rale's 

for  vessel,  of  con.idoraU;  t .  ''''  '"*•''"'  '^•""g-i'le 
of  the  ba,  at  its  mo  ,!l  '""''  "''"■"•  "'c  passaw 

--  feet  .atet     S'^„  f^'  J'--  -  ReneiZ 
-  Dai-n's,  be!o.v  wh  ih'I  ttt "'''  '"'''"'  "^  f- 
P'-^'^e,  and  at  once  farolbJe  f!   •'' '^""*  ^""''""^'d 
•"J  for  the  co-operationTthi  J,„  r?'"'-^  '"''^««'»" 
^^,»"'«  tl.e  aspeci  „f  the  I,  I^k  "''•    ^''«'v«  Dal- 
««'«ghBti,ldeep,i3  not„:'(j'l7-'   "-m,,^ 
•ts  banks  high  and  xvoodv  """''"  ^'''''Jm' We,  a^u 

''--'dge  taken  np  and  the  enemv  „'■        '!  "'  '"""'"^  ^^^ 
P»^ge,  and  up„„  t,,,  arrTvaUf  tl^'V"  ''^P-'-^  ""^ 
eommenced  a  heavy  n,-,  TaZL         '  advanced  guard 
as  a  flank  fi™  fro.^  ^.^  X^,^  »fP«-^'te  bank  a!  S' 
army  halted  ,„.,,„....''."«''*  ^ank  of  the  river     'r. 

-'"«pair;d";;7e;Tr ::;*■••/  T-  ^'^^■'  ■  ■ 

ponndera.    The  In-^^lt    T,"'  "'^  "  Are  from  1. 
eauBe*  uii  retired. 


^01.  Johftson  keiiim 


^a  the  rigl^j. 


i24 


HISTORY  or 


had  seized  the  remains  of  a  bridge  at  M'Gregor^g  millS) 
under  a  heavy  fire  from  the  Indians.  He  lost  on  this 
occasion,  2  killed  and  4  wounded.  The  enemy  set  fire 
to  a  house  near  the  bridge  containing  a  considerable 
(juantity  of  muskets ;  the  flames  were  extinguished  and 
the  arms  saved.  At  the  first  farm  above  the  bridge  wc 
found  one  of  the  enemy's  vessels  on  fire,  loaded  with 
tirms  and  ordnance  stores.  Four  miles  higher  up,  the 
army  took  a  position  for  th6  night  5  here  wc  found  two 
other  vessels  and  a  large  distillery  filled  with  ordnance 
and  other  stores  to  an  immcnlse  amount,  in  flames.  Two 
M  pounders  with  their  carriages,  were  taken,  and  a 
large  quantity  of  ball  and  shells  of  various  sizes. 

The  army  was  put  in  motion  early  on  the  morning  of 
the  5i]\.  The  General  accompanied  Col.  Johnson  ; 
laov.  Shelby  followed  with  the  infantry.  This  morning 
were  captured  2  gun  boats  and  several  battcaux  loaded 
"xvith  provisions  and  ammuiiition.  At  9  we  had  reached 
Arnold's  mills,  where  there  is  a  fording  place,  and  the 
only  one  for  a  considerable  distance.  Here  the  army; 
rrossed  to  the  right  bank ;  the  mounted  regiment  fording, 
and  the  infantry  in  the  captured  boats.  The  passage 
though  retarded  for  want  of  a  eufficient  number  of  boat3, 
was  completed  by  twelve. 

Eight  miles  above  the  ford,  wc  passed  the  ground 
where  iha  British  force  had  encamped  the  night  be- 
fore. The  general  directed  the  advance  of  Col.  John- 
jion'g  rcgim'entto  accelerate  their  march,  for  the  purpose 
of  ascertaining  the  distance  of  the  enemy.  The  officer 
commanding  it,  shortly  after  sent  word  back  that  hit 
progress  was  stopped  by  the  enemy,  who  were  foriied- 
across  his  line  of ' march.  One  of  the  enepy's  wa|g6n- 
ers  was  taken  prisoner,  from  whom  the  Oencral  obtain^ 
ed  mttch  useful  inforrtiaticn. 


^e, 


re 


THE  LATB  Wak. 


ISS 


T" 


^""'^^ 'iT  the  Moravm  Tmvn. 


'ian  to"^  a\Tj^ro:;:?'L'  ■''''-  "f  «-  Mora. 
I'asses  through  an  nn»„  k      ,.       ^  ""^"'y-    The  road 

.  '7,  within  ai:v?r  rtt"' ""''''' '""'*'«--'■ 

Moravian  vilWe     t1      '^""''"  '  "'''«='  ''«='''^v  the 
P«ralel  with  the  "rivtr  fn'™'""""'''''? '"°'''«^«  ™n 
f'^t,  at  the  distan  lof  "no  ''"f^':'^'  «tent.     The 
1'-a'terof  a  mile     Jk:  «^"f'*«  ^'''ond,  about  a 
few  Indians,  occuoedfh!".'  '''**'-«Pe'sed  with  a 
»Pa.t,  from  the  riv     to  thf  fi ":'' '"  *""  ""*='  ^«  »'=''-^ 
tv^o  iron  carriage  1^  Tj/I  '""""P-     «'^  ^rassand 
of  this  short  linl  ^The  In  ,  ^T^  '"  ''"'^'•*»*  P*'** 
f  at  the  first  swampi  S't"  T  "'"''""'«  «=•>-»"«»«. 
Jov.n  its  margin  abfjtT,™"''   r'  ^^-'"i' "tending 
-r-ff ''oHovvsq„are!'"£'["  .•  f  *'  i™%- 
th.s  order  a.nounted  to  from  t  J^^Zl""'''  '^^'"^  '« 
*he  command  of  recuLsd.     *v   f"  *'""*'"'  ""de- 
««.er  daring  chiefs,    xle  Biy''"'-'"-"'^-"-^'-  and 
'«  the  first  line  a:«o„„t«,  tf  I'V^f ''^"  "»'•  ^»'^«''« 
PO^'t.on,  the  order  ofTatae  an".  T     ^"=''  -"«  *■••« 
«"e'".V.    A  deep  river  on  ,le  /eft  ^     ,  """""^"'  «*"  «'« 
tie  swamp  on  tl.e  right.  "' *"  ^'^ost  impene^^. 

amitTnooo'Len.Sr'' '•''.''*"•  »''^-»»  milt 

tHeenem,,  position' S'r  „?  T "'  ^*-^"'  «f 
««»««,  not  the  half  of  th;   *:.?!"''"'.'-.  »**"'•«  of  the 

;^e.    Toturn  the  enemv /n"!.  k?"  '"^'"^  *°  '"'- 


La 


to  «t(aclc  in 


126 


HISTORY  OF 


/rout,  and  that  without  cannon.  To  advance  to  the 
combat  on  foot  in  regular  order,  was  to  render  a  serious 
loss  of  lives  certain,  and  success  doublfUl. 

Tlie  decisive  mind  of  Harrison  did  not  permit  him  to 
hesitate.  A  plan  of  attack,  at  once  bold  and  original 
was  instantly  conceived  ;  wliich  was  to  overwhelm  the 
enemy  with  consternation,  and  paralize  his  energies, 
by  an  unexpected  and  irresistible  shock. 

For  this  purpose  the  mounted  regiment,  which  from 
the  active  nature  of  the  service  it  had  previously  per- 
formed, might  he  termed  the  veterans  of  the  army,  wag 
drawn  up  in  close  column  in  advance,  with  ordei*s  to 
charge  and  Iveak  through  the  British  line.  Gol.  John- 
son, had,  however,  a  discretion  either  to  attack  the 
British  with  his  whole  force,  or  with  one  battalion,  re- 
serving the  other  for  the  attack  of  tlie  Indian  line. 

The  Kentucky  volunteers,  under  M^.  Gen.  Henry, 
formed  close  in  the  rear  of  Johnson's  regiment,  in  three 
lines  extending  from  the  ifiver  to  the  first  swamp.  Gen. 
Desha's  dSarision  covered  the  rear  of  the  left  battalion  of 
Johnson's  re^ment.  In  the  rear  of  Henry's  division 
Col.  Simral  Avas  placed  with  a  reserve  of  500  Ken- 
tacky  volunteers.  Gov.  Shelby  was  at  the  crotchet 
formed  by  the  intersection  of  Generals  Henry  and 
Desha's  divisions.  Gen.  Cass  and  Com.  Perry  volun- 
teered as  aids  to  Gen.  Harrison,  who  placed  himself  at 
the  head  of  the  front  line  of  infantry  to  direct  the  move* 
mcnts  of  the  mounted  men  and  to  give  thern  the  neces- 
sary support.  Such  was  the  general  order  of  battle; 
Now  for  the  disposition  pf  the  mounted  regiment. 

Col.  Johnson  perceiving  that  there'was  not  sufficient 


room  for  his  whole  regiment,  increased 


r__  r. 1 1.-^, 


tetn  to  1100  men,  to  act  advantageously  aga:ast:i 


'.^* 


Br 

chs 

he  ( 

the 

line 

the  I 

atlvfl 

unde 

iine  ] 

talior 

ing  t\ 

iire  at 

coil  ai 

was  w 

ofdoal 

^  Col. 

Strick( 

swamp 

2d  battj 

^vith  ar 

'larht  CO 

Thed 

America 

t^^eene2n 
lirmies  w 
£ile«ce  si 
*ound  of  1 

^"enceine 

Iain  in 

a  fire  of:  u 

^«e  che^k^ 

iind  irresi,^; 


'^HE  LATE  WAH 

he  divided  the  regi„,;"t,2l  ''""'"^-    Accordi„gl  ' 
he  first  battalio/and  t    Sf *r  *•''''  '"•»"'*»^  ^ 
ime  to  his  brother,  Lieut  cZj      '^T^''*  *'"«'  B^tish 
*he  other  battalio,^  in  petso.  t      "'!  ^''"'°"  '  '^-din* 

"»e  parallel  withihe  enel    rfr"^    T**  ?'"««'  '•« » 
**'•<>»•     This  line  l,«d  tie  do'ul  r.     ""^  *''*  «"*  •'«t.- 
«gthe  attention  of  the  e'e"  i''''7"*;S'="^'J-tra.t,. 
"'•eand  maintaining  the  .roun7f  TV  '"'«?'»««?« 
«o'I  at  the  British  fire,  (mTf   ^  '""■'"'  «'^»«'d  «J- 
--  -ealc,  but  was  su^   f"";  *''«  f^'-)     The  C, 
»'  doabJe  tiles  ,vith  intenaU  „f     T'  "'"^'^"^  '="''"»"» 
Col.  Johnson  also  di?        i       """^  than  6Q  pucc 
S*"cker  and  extend'    r^""  T  ""'''  """^'^'-Sk 
-amp pa,,„e,  withll i;.'"?. *''*  «'-^* *» 'h* «ecoS 
fl  hattalion,  .hie,.  ,e  oi'^j"  ''^  "»<!  i»  front  of th. 
r'**"  -"  interval  of  400  Ss    'r,'\"'P''«  '•"""»'% 

^  f  he  dispositions  for  the   iLt        ""  '^'  ^'^'^ 
American  anny  had  ar   ve^  ^  , r™  ? '"'"'^^''-    ^h* 
theene™^,     it  vvas  now  4  ol2     .?''"'"*  ''«t'"'*o  «f 
armies  were  ready  forVe  Ji!^"""  ^''''to^oon,.  both 
"leflce  succeeds/  Soon  L  *'''*'••     ^n  awful 

sound  oftheregiu,„S   "■''■'''•'"  '^  broken  by  tit 
'"--?ent„f1,re;;\tr^'^^'''--=-alforthe':„t 

.'!  fi-  "ft-mendJL  ",:;"'« '"»«»'•'  ''t «'»  ^peed ; 
i!«eche¥Mforan.o„™'A*.'"'''*'«-»  the  British 

::rs!*f.^*"-^  '-de;z:!;:::"f  .!^^  «-*  »•«', 


I  fte  last  fire  ©f  the 


eB«- 


Ifi8 


HISTORY  OF 


■ijjtUkough  delivered  at  pistol  shot  distance,  had  no 
other  effect  than  to  confirm  the  \ictory.    The  charging 
columns  broke  through  the  British  ranks,  wheeled  and 
formed  in  their  rear.     Never  was  terror  more  strongly 
depicted  on  the  countenancea  of  men  ;  with  their  pieces 
unloaded,  their  bayonets  unfixed,  broken,  huddled  in 
confusion  or  trampled  under  the  horses  feet,  and  sur- 
rounded  beyond  the  possil  ility  of  escape,  officers  and 
men  were  seen  throwing  do\f  n  their  arms,  and  with  up- 
lifted hands,  exclaiming  "  quarter s.^^ 

So  unexpected  was  the  shock,  that  they  were  totally 
unprepared  to  meet  it ;  tlie  whole  was  the  work  of  a 
minute.  Their  artillery  whicii  from  its  number  and 
position  ought  to  have  been  an  efficient  defence,  was 
perfectly  harmless  to  the  assailants, 

TIfere  was  something  terrible  in  the  sudden  appear- 
ance of  several  hundred  horsercvcn,  clad  in  a  motly  garb, 
screaming  like  a  band  of  furies,  and  approaching  at  full 
gallopthrough  the  woods!  Besides  an  opinion  prevail- 
ed among  the  British  troops,  that  the  Kentuckians,  vin- 
dictive of  the  massacres  of  the  rivers  Raisin  and  Miami, 
were  resolved  on  giving  no  quarters,  it  is  therefore, 
not  Siirprizingthat  terror  and  despair  paralized  their  ex- 
ertions.    Six  hundred  British  regulars  were  tlie  fruits 

of  this  charge. 

On  the  left  between  the  two  swamps,  the  contest  was 
more  serious.  Col.  Johnson  most  gallantly  led  tlio 
head  of  his  column  into  the  hottest  of  the  enemy's  fire 
and  was  personally  opposed  to  Tecumseh.  At  thispoint 
a  condensed  mass  of  savages  had  collected.  Yet  re- 
gardless of  danger  he  rushed  into  the  midst  of  tliem ; 
and  as  nc  urya.w  uiiwugii  Lucii  lizit,  ^yj  niiijis.  TTt»%-^'" 
ludiaus  that  several  might  have  reached  him  wjtlttbeir 


iitti 

offic 

eda 

tloi 

afi-tl 

woui 

clos( 

ensu 

fougt 

orbu 

reser 

^"ards 

perce 

tienipt 

his  ho 

hand  i 

adra^ 

the  Co 

antao-o 

Jic  v/as 

aJi^uisl 

i^ghorj 

^vas  hel 

Thet 

parable 

tiiiued  c 

rable  dig 

cupied  1 

^attJelai 

but  from 

^he  extre 

Major  Tl 

'^^inforce 


THE  LATB  WAU.  ^ 

ed  at  him  5  some  took  effeS  -T  f  ''•"''  -*«  "iseh.nr" 
*lothe«,  hi,  pe„o„  werepierced  wtr'.,'"''  **"'"'''  W* 
*-thej.  advanced  to  hi^Cort  wTrl    """*"    «'» •"•" 
wounded  or  dismounted    Th„    "'.'""''''^"^""ed 
closed  upon  the  whole  "line  a„d?H '**"*'  '''''  "»'' 
*nsLcd.    ManvofthelndUn!!.    t     "P*'"''*^  «««««« 
fought  openly  5  others  h^T.    fT^'^  *  '''^'t^r  a«rf 
-bushes.    mUp    £,  ^tt       "•"■''"""S^.tree.. 
reserved  their  fire  untif  „„    '"f '"■  ''''"*  "'""^  *«/ 
r«rds  of  them.   Col.  Johnl  aft  """'"  ?'"'''"   ">  "^  >^ 
perceived  the  daring  tZ'?'''- *•*<""""«  *  -ounds, 
tempting  to  rally  his  sav-'f         '""wanding  and  at. 
h»  horse  to„ardshrinf        I'  *'""•  ^e  instantly  p„t 
•-^'"'  -  he  appro      e".i'''7''<"  "^  Tecumseh  i^;  tf 

»  drawn  weapon,  a  sword  «; ,     T'^'"^  '"'»'"«=«'>  *Jta 
*)>«  Colonel  havi'„,rrse^°,rf«'vk,  at  which  instal 

;»ntago„istdeadafhrfrt  ^if?'"'"'*  •"■"  f^rocipul 
'^cv.as  almost  faintin.  WtS    '"** '^^  """"'^"* 
."■SU-hof^wounds.    S     Sj"^^  f  Wood  and  the 
^^e  Iwrae  several  rods  to  fV'   *"*"!*^«'«  ^de  his  bleed-' 

"-  helpedfrom  his  ho  le  t'.T-'''  ""  ''"'='  -^et. 
The  death  of  TeculTh  """ediately  died. 

P-aMe  loss.  Tk^yZ^^Zw  '^^  '"'"'"'^  ""  ^- 
Onued  obstinately  to  dis„ Jf'!.  ^^''^  """^  '  >»•*  eon. 
^able  distance.  iequXtll'  ^'■°""'  '"'  *  '=°»-<J- 
f»P^«d  by  the  part^  but  I"""' *'■'''' ^°'"'' *•««=. 

J^ttlelastedaboLn:!!  l„?„y*^  ^'"^  ^h, 
but  from  its  co«mencome,ti  4""*  "*''"'' ?«'»*' 
the  extreme  I.ff  ,..k.,.     ,    I'  '™ere   Tecumseh  fpll  *- 

Major  Thoms„n;ii;?burw:i  "'  *""»P*'^''  '""'"k' 
'•^nfon^ement  fro«  the  rr'""''*"*"*^^'  *be  timely 
«'*o«  fire  «.«„  k  *'*"■''«  under  «!«L   Sim, T 

^-      «'on  became  too  warm  for  the  enemy       ^ 


IGO 


HistonY  oi 


Of  the  mounted  regiment  25  \rcrc  killed  6r  mortal fy 
wounded.  About  50  were  besides  woimded^  most  of 
them  slightly. 

Of  Governor  Shelby's  corps  two  were  killed  and  six 
or  so-^n  wounded.  About  fifty  horses  were  killed  or 
disabled. 

Having  considerable  personal  knowledge  of  the  of- 
ficers and  men  composing  the  mounted  regiment  the 
writer  cannot  dismiss  the  subject  without  giving  the 
reader  some  additienal  {}articular8  of  the  character  and 
services  of  this  distinguished  corps. 

It  was  raised  ia  Kentucky  in  the  spring  of  IftlT).     It 

was  soon  filled,  although  the  busy  season  of  the  year 

was  unfavorable  for  obtaining  volunteers.     It   entered 

^e  service  about  800  strong,  butr/as  increased  to  15U0 

Hbm  arrangements  proper  on  such  occasions.      On  the 

Hh  of  October,  it  amounted  to  1000  men  in  round  uum- 

ntcrs  5  a  part  having  been  before  dismounted  by  order  of 

Gen.  Harrison.  '  ^")'i*  • 

Its  first  service  was  ^n  expedition  to  tlie  banks  of  the 

Sl.  Joseph  of  lake  Michigan.     This  excursion  covered 

the  Ohio  frontier,  and  prevented  a  large  p?rty  of  British 

Indians  collected  at  Chicago  from  marching  to  besiege 

Fort  Wayne.      The  inhabitants  of  the   Ohio  frontier 

felt  perfectly  secure  when  this  regiment  v/as  protecting 

them. 

The  greater  part  of  the  officer?  and  privates  were 
pioiis  men,  and  when  off  duty,  were  often  heard  sing- 
ing religious  airs,  or  engaged  in  serious  and  instructive 
discourse.  Indeed  it  resembled  in  this  respect  a  reli- 
gious congregation.         '  '^■ 

Discipline  and  obedience  was  cheerfully  observed. 
There  was  Bot  an  instance  of  desertion^  and  ©nly  tw* 


■M 


THE  LATE  WAH. 

'nj-r-     Having „  pa;^.^"  „  f '"'  *'"™'sl'es,  nithout 
"y,  although  in  o„/Sm  "!''*•  "•'^'^"on's  comp,.' 

common  individual,  J.ZTnt     1"','  ""'  '*'""<'  "ak^ 
"■'  •'«  '«lt.     W|,e„  ,  "it     .  vl""  ""="'5  ''We  to  feel 

!e«te.l  from  I,,  to  90  i.ulivi  ,„!,.'';'^''-       *^"'-  J'  ^"^  ^^ 
""gthe  J„,,ia„  ,i„^_      T,  l'""' '«  «'"t  him  in  breat- 
'•"Pewasgivcto  Col    "*:   ^'^'"'"'""J  of  this   forlorn 
-;e  placed  immedl"  "iv  i„  S"   '''''''  ^^'-^  --"P-y 
-f  a  ft.  paces  in  adfa^e  of  T''  f  '^''''-  ^"''"4 
A  monient  before  the  action  1      *     '''«'•?*"«  colamf 
tuH'ed  to  Col.  Whitlev-aid  o  U*.""^''  ^•"-  "'"'""'on 
-"n»ate,,ne,  it  h  i;,  ^r;  t,"'""'' ;  ^' V„,.r  pre.onc" 
uck,ans."    With  an  aspect  of  "''^  ""''"■  ^"^^''^  Kcn- 
J"')e.<  to  hi.,  ,.en  and  S    u  r"'^"""""  fi™"e«,s  he 
'^^ted   to  second   our  cJot.       ?.'  "'  '"'''''  ^een  se- 
[«"rp«.t;  recollect  the  v'te     '"  f -'■^''Je,  act  ^n 

"e  led  on  bi.  .spartan  LndT.,''  '*^r*''*^'"-'^-'A-'' 
hef'^J!  without  a  ^roan  a.  a  ':'''"*''« '^"'""•enccd  • 
«""  not  U^t.  ^  '""  ''^'^  ^'•^'  «•■«,  but  his  .v,.I,: 


M' 


^^'i«i  the  scntarv   exce--^n«    ^o 


«»sebark  witJ.  Col.  Joh 


neon, 


.*.'tmtm>'"^-^m- 


132 


HISTORY  OF 


the  whole  of  Cel.  Whitley's  command  were  dismount- 
ed in  ten  minutes,  by  death  or  wounds,  or  horses  shot 
under  them  !  Theobalds,  by  order  of  Col.  J.  never  dis- 
charged his  piece,  keeping  it  in  reserve  for  a  case  of 
necessity,  if  it  should  occur. 

,  Lieut.  Logan  wa?  mortally  wounded.  He  lived  in 
honor  and  died  gloriously,  regretting  his  death  only  be- 
cause he  left  a  wife  &  several  children  to  mourn  his  fate. 

A  young  printer  of  the  name  of  Mansfield,  was 
also  mortally  wounded.  Joel  Johnson  and  others  were 
p^nxiqus  to  place  him  in  a  place  of  security,  as  the  battle 
still  raged.  But  he  would  not  consent  to  be  removed, 
paying  "  I  shall  die  in  a  few  minutes,  return  to  the  charge 
»^nd  a;ain  the  victory  that  I  may  die  in  peace," 

The  mounted  regiment  was  greatly  indebted  for  its 
extraordinary  discipline  to  the  indefatigable  exertions. 
Jf)f  Lieut.  Col.  James  Johnson,  brother  to  the  Colonel, 
who  has  always  been  remarkable  for  military  discipline, 
He  is  about  38  years  of  age  ;  has  been  in  several  expe- 
ditions, even  while  a  boy,  against  the  indians  living  on 
Jthe  Wabash,  and  has  served  in  many  civil  situations  in 
^|£entucky,  which  has  given  Irim  celebrity  and  standing. 
He  was  first  a  magistrate,  then  sheriff  of  Scott  county, 
and  afterwards  senator  in  the  legislature  of  Kentucky. 
He  had  two  promising  sons  in  the  action  ;  The  eldest 
named  Edward  a  few  months  above  15,  and  William, 
14  years  of  age.     Such  was  the  ardor  of  these  young 
Spartans,  tliat  the  olTicers  had  frequently  to  restrain 
their  eagerness;  they  were  both  mounted  and  often 
among  the   first  in  pyriiuit.      The  youngest  is  tiow  a 
cadet  at  West  Point. 

Maior  Duval  Pnvnp.   nf  fho    Isf    l^aHfllinn.    iiifimif<} 

^  ..    _  ..^.__^    __    —    _   . „ 

coalldciicc  vvherevor  he  appqared.    Hp  is  pow  a|)out  5^ 


per 

aga 

off 

thrc 

ted 

M 

©ntl 

iacet 

seco] 

line  { 

instaj 

-actioi 

«ge,J 

andS, 

Biild,  ] 

Cap 

»nount( 

inferioj 

%htii}r 

and  res 

stantly 

pie  was 

^n  ever^ 

^achmen 

*  time  w 

to  his  We 

Capt.  J 

horse,  an< 

^e  loss, 

men;  his 

their  brJiv. 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


ISS 


against  them;  he  succeeL "  '"'  '"  ""  «l>cditioa 
«f  his  gu„,tomahawk  aids  ","■?"» '"^^''^''g«=  ^^ 
thrown  the  Indian  sIveAhin^""?  '"'"■"-"'  »"«^  ''^^^S 

Major  Tho»,nr  '  ""'"gonist .' 

--"d  swamp,  h.^rreXiV''";  '"""*'  ^"*  *'- 
-e^f  the  Indians,  p..^:„^,;^^^^^^ 

"gc,  Justice  of  the  P^ce  Cnf„    ?",^  "'"'  ^<^m^^  of 
''nd  Senator  in  the  Kentlt  ^    ,  ,*  ""'""^  '•^'»«'« 

Captain  Jacob  Stiick^.      I  ^•"'"  "^ Penl. 

"""■nted  line  i„  front^f  »I,         ^'»™«n«'ed  the  dis- 
"•ferior  to  Tce«mseJ  i.rl-   r  ''"""'  '"*«'''«•">  »=-'  n^ 
%h««g  men  of  Kent   ^v    '""'  '""""«  *«  "'1  ^Nia^ 
«"d  reserved,  excnt  in  h'^^rT'^^^^^^^tacitur, 
^f«ntly  Chang  sXlt'  "        ""  ""^'^^''-"-  '* 

«  eve.7  directiof    Het  Jo  "'?  ^"^^"^  ""^^  heavd' 

*»<;h™ent  to  Col.  Jolmson  ™  ^"T,  "^  '"^'' ''»''  hi.  at. 

«  -e  when  he  hadg    eTuTe    '""  '"'"  *^'«  «^'''  -*  ' 
*"  hi,  ,vell  earned  fame        '^       "P^'^tation  of  addin. 


--i^icei  s  iviiew  tiieij 


ilA      It?. 


'''■Ave  captain  lav  Mpprii«"  "''"' ^"^^ 5  and  whiJe 


S14 


MiSTOUYOF 


Capt.  James  Coleman  and  men  «lid  not  less  distin- 
guish themselves.  After  Col.  Johnson  was  screrelj 
wounded,  he  ordered  these  companies  to  dismount  and 
Strengthen  the  line  of  battle,  under  Strieker,  animated 
*»y  the  voice  of  Capt.  Coleman,  th^  most  determined 
coui  age  was  displayed. 

Major  Thomson's  column  was  composed  of  Captains 
Rice  and  Cor^ib's  companies.  Capt.  Rice  was  without 
his  superior  hi  bravery  or  discretion.  He  was  not  less 
distinguished  than  Strieker  for  his  early  and  gallant  con- 
tiuct  in  numerous  battles  with  tlie  Indians. 

Capt.  Combs,  a  man  of  S5,  had  fought  under  General 
W^ayne,  as  a  private  volunteer,  and  whose  looks  and 
lemarkable  large  whiskers  struck  the  spectator  with 
strong  impresslftWjf  his  firmness  and  bravery. 

Captains  M'C^TEUison,  Matsx)n  and  Hamilton  of 
the  1st  battali<W^^ive  gr^at  praise  for  their  intrepid- 
ity They  are  all  men  of  intelligence,  and  reputation. 
Each  led  a  charging  column  through  the  British  imes 

Capt.  Ellison  received  several  rifle  balls  in  his  clothes 
md  saddle.  In  breaking  through  the  British  ranks,  a 
goldier  of  the  41st  attempted  to  nx  Ids  bayonet.  At 
one  stroke  of  his  sabre,  Capt.  E.  severed  his  head  and 
brought  him  to  the  ground:  a  second  made  a  show  ot 
resistance  and  shared  the  same  fate.  Shortly  after, 
wards  the  captain  led  his  company  against  the  Indians. 
It  was  then  that  his  temerity  had  nearly  cost  him^  his 
iife  :  an  Indian  dezed  the  bridld  of  his  horse  and  at- 
tempted a  blow  with  the  tomahawk  5  but  the  sabre  agam 
^^vented  dntl  the  Indian  lost  his  scalp.  —       , 

jnM.  E.rrv  had  his  hand  shot  to  pieces,  but  refused 
t^  retire;  he  loaded  his  gun  twice  and  fii'ed,^a»a^^e 
third  time  was  prevented  frem  the  bload  which fill^dl^e 


pVLii  of  his  gun. 


X^h- 


THE  LATE  WAR.  j^^ 

the  advanced  j^ard  i  *  f  '  ""'  '*  *'*'^'"  *'^"^» 
rears  old,  of  stent  '  "i  '''*  P'"*''*^''^'-'  ''''°"' S5 
««d  rema  fc^L  fo"  r."  ''"'«^'  <=<'»-'--b'e  oratory 

Sed^g,  »ea    f  dl:":,^*-  -  C-eh,  Berry  and 
'^hose  men  ,.ere  eouaul     '"^'"  ""^  '''«"etio„,  aod 
The  forlorn  wTcr^/f  "'"f  *  ■^'"S  """^ione- 

»ember  of  the  Kentuckv  T  »  ^T  thamoers,  a^ 
««lfta„ghtandofTslroLt^!?'"*r'  *  ^"""S  »«« 
JP-  Quarter  MasterG^rrTwalf  "p''"'''  •''^^"*'"* 
Robert  Paj-ne,  Willia'«  Webl  aH  '  .?"'^'  ^'^'''' 
formed  a  part  of  thislitTlf;  ''''*"^'^**«™i"ed. 
terrible  ordeal.  "^  '°''P*'  "'»»  ^wvired   the 

^"'ipfrt'uSy^;  "parSLT'  ^'"'^'^  ^"''P^  '>««I  "o* 
circumstance  was  very  muT"^  '"  *''"  *''<=«'"'•  ThW 
that  met  the  enemyoXJftr?!!'  ''7  *«■»•  ThoJ 
-Ives.  From  SaL^il' ttt^r '"»«--'-<»  t^W,- 
reater  part  marchad  on  hot  It  ^'""^"   '"^^  *« 

'-as  almost  incredible.  VuTtw;?  " '"P'*'"^  that 
at  their  head.  •""'*''«"•  ""ble  Governor  ,va» 

The  Indians  foueht  brar»l»  „  j 

'»-•  Sixty  fi.e  v:  ri™-^,  "t  rr '  -^  ^*'"°- 

ground.  Their  total  loss  ir  LI  „'?'''*"*'^  ''*tlle 
fi-  Six  Americans  and  tltn  v  t  '"^''t^'""^'  '^''•""'- 
•n  twenty  yards  where  ll!?^  ■  ""*  ^"''"'"^  f'"  "ith- 

t^fsofbloodalmostLSert,::     "^^  f""*" -<•  the 
Ai«r.>,„.^i._   .      . .    "^*^'^^"  tile  ffround- 


Sarati 


i^ntigh  at  Bern 


-.y 


■^•-u-na.edat„e.;oi;,;HrrLr 


again 


136 


HISTORY  OF 


recovered.  Maj  cowardice  never  again  bt  entrusted 
with  their  defence.  About  5000  stands  cf  arms  were 
also  taken  between  the  moutl|iof  the  Thames  and  the 
MotaTian  town. 

The  day  after  the  battle,  a  part  of  the  army  took  pos- 
session of  the  Moravian  town,  which  was  deserted,  b^it 
where  was  found  most  kinds  of  vegetables  in  abundance^ 
which  were  very  acceptable  to  men  who  had  subsisted 
several  days  on  fresh  beef  without  bread  or  salt.  Ex- 
tensive corn  fields  afforded  an  excellent  range  for  the 
hoif  ses.  So  panic  struck  were  the  Indian  women  at  the 
advance  of  the  troops  to  the  town,  that  some  of  them 
actually  threw  their  young  cKildren  into  the  Thames,  to 
prevent  their  being  massacred  by  the  Americans  J* 

The  flight  of  the  Indians  from  the  town  was  so  sud- 
den, that  their  kettles  were  yet  boiling  over  their  fires. 
The  town  was  destroyed  by  the  troops  previous  to  their 
leaving  it.  Among  the  reasons  assigned  to  justify  the 
measure,  it  was  all  edged  that  these  Indians  had  been 
among  the  foremost  in  massa^^reing  our  men  at  the 
river  Raisin,  and,  that  the  town,  if  it  were  spared,  would 
afford  a  convenient  shelter  for  the  British  allies  durihg 
ihe  winter,  and  fiwn  which  they  cduld  easily  pass  into 
the  Michigan  territory  to  plunder  and,  murder  the  k« 

habitants. 

Gen.  Proctor  abandoned  his  army  at  tlie  very  moment 
Johnson's  bugle  sounded  the  charge.  An  escoi-t  of  40 
dragoons  and  a  few  cowardly  Indians  accompanied  him. 
A  few  of  Gov.  Shelbey-s  men  who  had  procured  horaei, 
pursued  him  :  and  at  one  time  were  within  IQO  yai'd* 

*  I  had  this  fact  from  an  American  gentlemanj  who 
was  at  Oxford,  when  Froetor  and  the  indiauS  t'SSSCu 
through  there  on  their  way  to  Burlington  heights.  lh« 
sqiihrws  were  then  bi'-wailing  th«  logs  of  then'  chiKlr^n. 


on 

His 

CO  I 
swo 
The 

T 

of  3 

havii 
the  T 
its  m 

At 
India 
shift] 
\Hth  I 
town, 
half  a 

a  nee  g 
living, 
ly  rais 
She  wi 

r^esses 
Shelby 
and  ho 
and  of 

Whij 
Thames 
amies  a 
suspens 
the  sami 
^bo  arcj 
er  Britis 
andchih 
l^ftavipr 


isr 


THE  LATE  WAH.  ,gj, 

f  word  and  paper,  ftHinto  r/ha'dflfT-™^'.' ""'"''*■ 

having  no  orders  tn»  "'•    t^"'- "aiHson     ^ 

*!,„  "  "raers  to  advance  to  Burli-io-f.^™  i    •  i .    ,    •    *»rj 

the  way  of  Grand  River  ord^.„,» ,,    "'"g'""  '^'g''*'  b/ 

its  march  back  to  Detroit  '""'"^  *'  '""""^^^^ 

Inct„*X«tv:it"T^  "■'•"*  °^  «>«  Thames,  an 

'fith  her.  On  the  rLrniff  '  ^'^'■'  "''''  ■''^mail.a' 
town,  they  were  found  nt?  ""^^  ''""'  *''«  ^''-vian 
half  a  n.ife  fro  JX'  "si/  "'""^'  **  *«  ''''*-««  of 
•-e  she  had  been  deal  ^t^eXs^T'  ^-  f"  ^''P^'"- 
hving.  WhenourmenoJ  r  ^  '  *®  S"'  was  still 
1/  ™sed  her  hands  and  rtirt'  ^'^  'P"*'  ^''^ '"■'*->'*- 
She  was  taken  to  Dctroif    l  ^^u'"'''''''''*^'^  "  ''«»*  •'" 

^essexciteduniversa  ";;;;";"•  f"  ''"'  ^I-"*''*^'" 
Shelby's  corps  took  her  t„  f '  *    f  °'^"'' ''''  ^"vernor 

'"•d  honorable  intent  on  of  Tl    '  "'"'  "'<=  '^"'"''"^ 

'fh2^Soia^chi^  """"'"«  Proctorupth. 
amies  and  Kikanoo  ^P*^""^' ^»"°vv«tamies,  .Mj.' 

^pension  of  hoSeftT'  '"  '''="•  *^-^'^'-^« 
the  same  tomahawk  wi  h'the  a"^"''  '"  "  ^""^  ''"^J  # 
whoare,9rmaybeene^S^*    .^""t""*"*  »°d  strike  all 
-  BritisK  or  ^Oi^T^^^  ^-rte,  States,  whett 

and  children  and  .«:,.^  1    '^  ""'"''S'''^  i"  their  won,.,. 
NKavior.  -"''"  "*««  ^'^  •''OBtage-s  for  their  c^ood 


f 


M  2 


f38 


HISTOKY  OF 


The  arraj  returned  to  Detroit.  Capt.  Elliot,  of  the 
Nia^ra,  rolunteered  his  services  to  command  a  naval 
expedition  against  Michilimackinac  and  Fort  St.  Joseph  ;" 
hut  the  weather  proving  unfavorable  for  a  number  of 
days,  the  season  became  too  far  advanced  to  risk  the 
squadron  on  lake  Huron,  till  spring. 

Lieut.  Le  lireton  arrived  at  Detroit  on  the  15th  bear- 
ing a  flag,  and  a  letter  from  Gen.  Proctor  to  Gen.  Harri- 
son. This  letter  requested  humane  treatment  to  the 
prisoners  and  a  restoration  of  certain  property  and 
paperatakenon  the  5th.  As  the  letter  was  addressed 
to  the  (General,  "  at  Moravian  towns,"  he  saw  no  reason: 
fmJfue  Breton's  journey  to  Detroit,  and  ordered  him  to 
join  Gen.  Proctor  by  the  way  of  Buffalo  and  Fort  George. 

After  the  return  of  the  commander  in  chief  to  De- 
troit, Walk-in-the-water,  who  had  been  in  the  battle  of 
the  Tliames,  came  in  to  implore  peace.  When  he  cross- 
ed from  Sandwich,  the  white  flag  which  he  bore  in,  his 
iiand  had  attracted  a  great  crowd  to  the  wharf,  all  anxious 
to  get  a  near  view  of  the  distinguished  chief.  I  was 
struck  with  admiration  at  the  firmness  and  apparent 
nonchalance  with  which  he  ascended  the  bank  and  pas- 
sed through  the  ranks  of  the  Kentucky  volunteers, 
whom  he  had  so  gallantly  opposed  in  battle  but  a  few 
4ays  before.  I  never  saw  more  real  dignity  of  carriage 
Qc  a  more  striking  firmness  of  countenance.  Yet  his  s»itu- 
ation  was  calculated  to  depress  his  spirits  and  produce 
humility.  His  town  was  in  the  power  of  the  Ameri- 
cans ;  the  British  were  all  taken  5  the  Indians  had- just 
•uttered  a  signal  defeat  5  almost  all  the  other  chiefs  had 
submitted  5  he  was  without  the  means  of  living  or  re- 
nistance  ;  stilfhiB^manner  was  that  of  a  conqueror. 

A  few  days  after  Proctor's  defeat,  the  town  was  so  ifWl 

issue  of  rationftto  tliemdtd? 
i  BeeBwtkfe 


savages, 


not  keep  pace  with  their 


w« 

ani 

so] 

had 

and 

slai 

aeni 

twe; 

ofia] 

G 

teen 

cam( 

wont 

was  i 

Whis 

pouni 

bushe 

were  J 

about 

Booth 

on  wit 

Oni 

posahU 

sailed ) 

secreta 

ed  Gei 

territor 

svrrend 

left  witl 

hundrec 

dustriou 

thefortk 

%theti 


THE  LATE  WAR.  y^, 

had  been  thrown  inlo«f' •  P-f-ifaction,  which 

and  devoured!  the!    llaT'  T  ^'"'^'''"^  P'^'^^'^  "P 
slaughtered  by  the  pubKl  h,1  k'"    '"*"■"''  •'^*«  =='«'* 

twenty  horses  in  a  drovp  LIv  n     .       ""®  counted 
«*ars  of  the  si::;te:;^ir '^-"^  «'-<»-*«''  with^e 

Gov.  Shelbj's  corps  and  the  twelve  ™„nf.  •        . 
teer.,  were  all  honorably  dischaled     """*''^/»'«»- 
came  safe,  and  business  at  Defro  t  bt^^^''    ''"^  "'•" 
wonted  course    but*l,«-  T      •""•'San  to  resume  its 

was  exhorbit;;^fo?ltCt:™  "'  ''"'  '^"'"^ 
Whisky  sold  at  4  doHs/ iCS'?"'  "^  -^' 
pound,  cheese  60  do  •  buttTrV        .  "*  ^^  ^*"*«  * 

werealso about  SOOrtheTnJ«K?''r^'^*  '•''«'>"«'  - 
about  2000  Indians  l!   ■"'«*•«»'»*«  of  Michigan,  and 

»o  other  meansSbSnT'' A^  «"""-»-*«  "ad 
on  with  a  sufficient  suDDlvnf^  Adventurer^soon  cam*. 

pmble  regular  tront!  ^^''^T  '''*  ""  ^''  «>»- 
sailed  forl„«y!;r;bTdfe^f»»  board  **>  ««**  "»* 

secretary  of  war.  Cvl,  t„,  1"  ^'  "''*'"•'  '"'•»■»  ^h" 
*<«  eenfcass  provisloral  Gn'"""*'""-*' '«' "PP^nt- 
territoryj  the  cWl  H  "'  "^  *"  ^'^^higan 

.--f  :  werf  rrnit--"  t"' r  «""^^ 
left  with  abo«t  one  thonoan^  ®*"'-  '^**«  ^-M 

hundred  of  whom'' ^Tetre'  ""iT"'  *'"^*'* 
dustnouslT  employed  in  «         -  "^  ^^^  w«re  in- 

IKJd  m  *r«^o..-.:_^   '^^'^^  ^^10  schooners  wer^ 

^-•--;rdZv:E''  'r  ^""^  -'•  «^-... 


*??  campaign  closed* 


149 


IIISTORV  OF 


1*  . 

'  Mi- 


Naval  Battle  on  Lake  Eric* 


I 


.N  the  spring  of  1813,  the  Caledonia  brig  and  four 
amall  schooners  were  repaired  at  the  navy  yard,  half 
a  mile  below  Black  Rock.     At  the  same  time  four  gun- 
boats and  two  20  gun  brigs  were  building  at  Erie, 
,  "yhe  command  of  these  little  squadrons  was  given  by 
Commodore  Chauncey  to  Commodore  Perry.    But  to 
meet  the  enemy,  whose  force  was  superior,  with  any 
prospect  of  success,  it  was  necessary  that  a  junction  of 
the  two  divisions  should  be  formed.     To  prevent  this, 
the  Queen  Charlotte  and  Lady  Prevost  were  cruising 
betw^^nErie  and  Buffalo.    Fortunately,  however,  he 
eluded  their  vigilance  and  passed  them  with  light  ves- 
sels in  the  night,  unperceived. 


'■\t-' 


Arrived  at  Erie,  Lieut.  Ferry  used  every  exertion  to 
expedite  the  building,  equipment  and  sailing  of  the 
brigs  5  and  early  in  August  the  whole  squadron  was 
ready  to  sail. 

,  But  it  was  necessary  to  pass  the  bar  at  the  entrance 
•f  the  harbor  of  Erie,  over  which  there  was  but  %ix 
feet  water  and  the  two  brigs  Lawrence  and  Niagara 
ibrew  nine  I  Many  entertained  an  opinion  that  it  would 
be  impracticable  for  our  squadron  to  get  out,  especially, 
as  the  British  fleet  appeared  off  the  harboir,  for  the 
purpose  of  preventing  ours  from  getting  over  the  bar; 


1  ne  H^eans  smpioyeu  to  get  the  hea'/y  ungB  eve?  k^ 
bar;  deserve  meBtion.    Two  large  scows,  <iO  feet  kttJgj 


If 

wci 
the 
by  r 
wan 
of  tl 
was 
tonis 
theb 
At 
theB 
awelJ 
the  to 
distan 
pass  i] 

One 

in  ace 

weren 

man  tl 

militia 

dore  mi 

for  the 

enemy. 

A  bo  II I 

to  C00p( 
Maiden, 
and  had 
Him  witl 
*uckians. 
i^»bbin,i 
provision 

'if.tv^   _  ■ 


!  ','.  « 


THE  LATE  WAR.  ,^, 

the  brig,  in  .  pa'^rer^irj^^^et'^et "  ""*  "' 
by  means  of  large  piece.  „f  he\vn  timh?  ,""  T""'^ 
wart  ship  with  both  ends  Dr„i.!r   i  P'*"**  »*- 

«f  the  bri(,a„d  refcWng  aS;^  ""  *""  P"''  ■""«* 
w«  then  bailed  frow  the  seol  f-  T""'  ^^'  ''***«= 
*«nwhing  Kftine  nower  .  ?"*',?'""''  S"^'  *">«»  an  as- 
the  bar.  "^  '^**''  '^'^  •"'•^'<'<»  them  to  float  over 

*  well  directed  fi^e  frol  f?r*"'' "'^  ^l-*  ''"''<»•,  but 

the  town  caused  th;rn"m'°T'"'°'':"«  '""'*^  ''«1'»'' 
distance.  The  .«spS':pp''^* '■»''"  ™«Pectfi* 
pass  into  the  open  lake         "^P*"*^'^  Was  seized  t» 

-re  notatthis  tLel!r„*2,f  ''r"^"^    ^«^* 
»an  the  fleet.    Howeve   Till     *'i""  *"*'Sk  t* 

fitia having  .olunretred'  t^^^'J^^r^'^-^'^^ 
<lore  made  a  aliort  cruize  off  Wp^?'  **"*  '""""o- 

foMhe  purpose  of  e'Si^hXr/r^'^r''*'''^ 

enemj.  "'"•'"*"»««>  than  seeking  a^ 

■Maiaen.  He  arhorfd  ;fl^r      "  f  *"  "'»'"=««»  of 

-d  had  an  inS^^eT w.^*tT*  "'  '""^'^  "'^ 
him  witl>  about  seventy  vol,  :*""'''''" '""""hi*.  • 

♦"ckians,  to  servearmirin  f "'  P"°'=iP«"r  Keo^ 

Bobbin,  i;  the  Ohio  r"l°^'r' *'''"*'**•    C«P^    ■ 

P-'^visions.    The  Zeltl  h»H  k  "*""*  *»  ^"«  f«r 

^f. "*= -^"leiia  had  been   laff  *i /- 

'~-^^^^  io  man  her      i?^«i     •       -  —  ^ «-"««;  lor  want 


14^ 


HISTORY  OF 


at  Maiden,  consisted  of  six  sail,  and  mounted  sixty  &ix 
guns.  ':      '     ■  '  '  ,v^ 

Com.  Perry  appeared  before  Maiden,  ofTcred  battle, 
reconnoitered  the  enemy  and  retired  to  Put  in  Bay, 
thirty  five  miles  distant  from  his  antagonist.  Both  par* 
ties  remained  a  few  days  inactive  5  but  their  repose  wasi 

*  that  of  the  lion. 

On  the  morning  of  the  10th  of  September,  at  sunrise, 

,  the  enemy  were  discovered  bearing  down  from  Maiden 
for  the  evident  purpose  of  attacking  our  squadron,  then 
at  anchor  in  Put  in  Bay.  Not  a  moment  was  to  be  lost. 
Our  squadron  immediately  got  under  way  and  stood  out 
to  meet  the  British  fle«t,  which  at  this  time  had  tlie 

'weather  gage.  At  10  A.  M.  the  wind  shifted  from  S. 
W.  to  S.  E.  which  brought  our  6quadrt>n  to  windward. 
The  wind  was  light,  the  day  was  beautiful-— not  a  cloud 
•bscured  the  horizon.  The  line  was  formed  at  11,  and 
com.  Perry  caused  an  elegant  flag,  which  he  had  private- 
ly prepared,  to  be  hoisted  at  the  mast  head  of  the  Law- 
rence ;  on  this  flag  was  painted  in  characters,  legible  to 
the  whole  fleet,  the  dying  words  of  the  immortal  Law- 
rence l"^'  DbN'T  GIVE    UP   THE    SHIP."      Its  cffcct   18 

not  to  be  described— every  heart  was  electrified.  The 
crews  cheered— the  exhilerating  can  was  passed.  Both 
fleets  appeared^ager  for  the  conflictjon  the  result  of 
t"  tfech  so  mudv  depended.  At  15  minutes  before  12,  the 
Detroit,  the  headmost  ship  of  the  enemy,  opened  upon 
the  Lawrfence,  which  for  ten  minutes  was  obliged  to 
sustain  a  well  directed  and  heavy  fire  from  the  ene- 
my's two  large  ships,  without  being  able  to  returnit 
with  caronades :  at  five  minutes  before  12,  the  Law* 


^-li.A  n^ViAT*  vAacAld  WMl4>i 


renceop^ed  upoii  tae  eneiiij^ 

ordered  to  fupport  her,  but  the  wind  wafiat 


too 

boH 

bcci 

t\it 

tanc 

a  sn 

Ai 

the  I 

took. 

como] 

Niag,i 

theLj 

Elliot 

•comnic 

»choorj 

Atf 

for  clo 

jured^ ; 

to  pass 

ahead  o 

vest,  po 

starboar 

from  th( 

The  sm 

and  can! 

structive 

fary— .th( 

^nd  seve 

confusioi] 

enemy  ii 

^l^outt 
Jca%agQ  y^ 

iBMlrl(Hte 


THE  LATB  WAR.  , 

^00  ligTit  to  enable  them  to  come  UD      Pv.     u 
f-owline  of  the  Lawrence  beTn.T        u    ^  •""*  *»«• 

Nia«.ua.    J„.t  as  he  ZLThttTelrt  !?  *"'. 
the  Lawrence  came  down  ;  (l,„        .   ,^®f «''  the  flag  of. 

commodore,  by  yoluntJZTv^  *   *"''««  "f  th« 

"chooners  ,;  JcLle  11^  ''"  ^""-^^  *°  ^ng  the 

iure.1,  and  her  crew  fr.fV.l!  1»  '"f  ""'^  ''"'«  '»• 
to  pa.  thro„gh  ti.e  enem^t^r^:::':: -'f  ""'"''•' 
al.ead  of  the  Detroit,  Oueen  rf '  .  .f       '''"^'^  P"'^"** 
vost,  pouring  a  terrible  rM^''  *"'*  ^'"^^  ^^«- 
starboard  g^ns! anTo^ chf  "*"  *""  '''"» *•«» 

from  the  larboard  side  thT"''^  '""^  '''^^^  ««'*> 
The  small  vessels  t  ti^is  time  ha'"'"  ''""*  '"^*''"-- 
and  canister  distance,  tot  „T.?ff*  «itl.i„gr.p. 
structive  fire.  The  llf  ^  ''*"  '''™"**'' '"«'  de- 
ftry-the  Queen  dSue  "hT-'^^r''  ^th^e  greater 
and  several  of  her  ple£lX^^'°'*'*'-^^^^^^^ 
confusion  got  fouloKfirl"""'^-  "  ""'^'^ 
en^-nj  in  their  turn  lad  fo    .!/     V       '"'»««»' ^h* 

wiftoutthcpowerof  ;:iir.i^if  ^---d^^-fi- 

j^»*ag« y.as  horribkwhe'fla^s  'ofT'  T? ^*^''='«  *** 


144 


HISTORY  OF 


i» 


tessioiK  The  brig  Hunter  and  schooner  Chippewny, 
were  soen  compelled  to  follow  the  example.  Tl»c  Lit- 
tle Belt  attempted  to  escape  to  Maiden,  but  she  was 
pursued  by  two  of  the  gun  boats  and  surrendered  about 
(liree  miles  distant  from  the  scene  of  action. 

The  writer   ef  this  account,  in   company  with  five 
others  arrived  at  the  head  of  Put  in  Bay  island  on  the 
evening  of  the  9th,  and  had  a  view  of  the  action  at 
the  distance  of  only  ten    miles.     The  spectacle  was 
tndy  grand  and  awful.     The  firing  was  incessant  for 
the  space  of  three  hours,  and  ciontinued  at  short  in- 
vals  for  forty  minutes  longer.     In  less  than  an  hour  af- 
ter the  battle  began,  most  of  the  vessels  of  both  fleets 
were  inv eloped  in  a  cloud  of  smoke,  which  rendered 
the  issue  of  the  action  uncertain,  till  the  next  morning, 
when  we  visited  the  fleet  in  the  harbor  on  the  opposite 
Ride  of  the  island.    The  reader  will  easily  judge  of  our 
solicitude  to  learn  the  result.     There  is  no  sentiment 
more  painful  than  suspense,  when  it  is  excited  by  tl»e 
uncertain  issue  of  an  event  which  so  deeply  affects  the 
national  interest. 

If  the  Wind  had  continued  at  S.  W.  it  was  the  inten- 
tion of  Admiral  Barclay  to  have  V  arded  our  squadron  ; 
for  this  purpose  he  had  taken  o..  board  his  fleet  about 
200  of  the  famous  4l3t  regiment;  they  acted  as  ma- 
rines and  fought  bravely,  but  nearly  two  thirds  of  them 
were  either  killed  or  wounded. 

The  tarnage  on  board  the  prizes  was  prodigious— 
they  iust  have  lost  200  in  killed,  besides  wounded. 
The  sides  of  tli  j  Detroit  and  Queen  Charlotte  were 
shattered  from  bow  to  stern ;  there  was  scarceb  room 
to  place  one's  hand  on  their  larboard  sides  wit^at 
ching  the  irepressioii  of  a  »Hot:r?  S^^**  P*^  ^^ 


TUT 

wai 

can 

inai 

sooi 

T 

onb 

had 


awaj 

him. 

pese 

mdee 

prese 

rence 

«trucl 

passec 

than 

his  wi 

niainei 

blow. 

a  wouj 

he  coil 

self,  p 

sho',  a 

thrust  ] 

Inth 

and  fav 

very  mi 

sequenc 

manage, 

and  in  ] 

yas  the 

ing  sign 

speakina 

■^^ .'  C 


i 


:*••  -i* 


THE  LATE  WAR 

'•ad  but  nine  men  fit  f„r  ,Iufv ,  ■  ^  '"'"  '*''"'=''  "''c 

It    was    Pprrv'u    1^* 

fjvay  from  bis  siX'  so. .cTa?'"!^-/-  ''<=«  '"="  "wept 
""m.  One  of  (bese  iS„n/  ?•  '?''"  <=»nversina  wiSf 
Fesence  of  mind  tbi?n  fv,-^  ''."'''"^^  "'ecoolnetsZ  I 
■ndced  througbout  the  ^,  .„':  f  l?.'"""?  "'«  "fficer  Z 
present  dangers.  The  seconH  r  •'"«  "'«•"  *«  jcst  wUh 
•ence,  whill  standing  besZ  r^'""**"""'  »f  «•<=  Cw. 
"ti-uckm  thebreastKv.    .    ■^""""•"'o'e  Perrv   tTj 

'^wltst'^r?  't  tr'^'-fe  tft„3ot| 

--n(^4  r  jr -z/  -inTt  ritf  ^ 

el/ ™'  k'1  ■"=  hurt     VtH^'len  "';''''  ""^  '«■''  him  - 
f  e».  put  his  hand  into  hi,    „''e'"^nant  coming  to  him 

sho.    and  exclaiminl  «  n„  «  "'"i  P""''"" '""  the  cuTn 
tbrus,t  with  great  i„„r^?>h"t  this  is  ^y  sh^  " 

In  tbe  course  of  the  aV^;!^'  t      '"''  I^<:k«t. 
and  favorite  sail«^      i      ™''"  '  <"ry  nofipA,)  „       • 
vervn,„„u      ^a'ler,  who  wascanra;„  „/•  "  "  P'lme 

^eiymuch  embarrassprf  ,.^+k  i "     "  "' ""c  of  the  n-imt, 
sequence  of  the  fore S    w      '"'  P  ''^e,  which,    p^"^' 
^anageable  and  ret:  L  r^'C'l^"'  ^^  r^tK:*, 

"-  thett^?'  Tr«'i  -nner^Sr;:^'^^ 
•»e  figns  of  i,  Litr';'^:fir *  ^'•'  ^^''^  had  beeTsll'' 


.$ 


#. 


146  HISTORY  OF 

sides  were  completely  riddled  by  the  shot  from  the 
long  guns  of  the  British  ships.  Her  deck,  the  morn- 
ing after  the  conflict,  wh€n  I  first  went  on  board,  exhib- 

non  ball  struck  him  in  the  breast,  passed  througli  him, 
and  he  fell  dead  without  a  groan ! 

Lieut.  Yarnall,  of  the  Lawrence,  behaved  throughout 
wif^gUbrav^^^  coolness.    He  was  dressed  as 

a  comLn  seamanf  a  red  bandana  handkerchief^^ 
round  his  neck,  and  another  roimd  his  head,  to  stanch 
iivci  wmmds  which  he  had  received.  From  these  me 
bCd"tru:d  down  his  face,  and  -  ¥f;,l^S 
nassed  through  his  nose,  it  had  swelled  to  a  hedious 
Kitude^n  this  frightful  plight,  looking  hke  the 
ve^genius  of  carnage  and  ill  luck,  he  came  up  to  Per- 
>ery  genius  oit  and  bloodiest  of  the  fight,  and  an- 
7o«ncedto  Mm  fta?aU  Srofficers  of  "f  iv-o„  -re 
ImU      Perrv  ordered  others  m  their  place,     bhortly 

^^^^^r:^  i!^  ofn^^^end^avor^to  make  outhy 

yoUlf,  1 1-e  no  more  to  f--l>J«-  ,^^,,,,  p.^- 

One  circumstance  whic    ^  «iry  ^^  sentiment 

VKular  mention.    It  has  in  "  ="  ,     ,  ^^ ,     belongs  to 

that  is  ab5^:f  '<=»'^™°"  ^;';',ep"ng  h^^^^^^^^  s1,me. 

poetry,  ^^^cn,      the  s^^eep«»  ^^^  ^^^^^ 

times  m*de  a  i».-'>l^'^;«'  j^„,^^^  ^n^.^y  aro^md  to 
aro-andas  n,  «^e  su.v  i„to  the  r  places, 

ftrry— a.'id  tlien  siep].^  follows  that  lay  woun- 

mencvcv  ho  ooUe.  =^ ;'- f-Jg'\,  ^Iwayl  ^foimd 
ded  and  wekeiu^g  t  i -^  ^n^  tJieir  eves  fixed  on 
mirf.es  UrMd.  ^if^^^Z^L  heigliten 

jranaei,  ana  uit;     j  ^        .,     Lawrence  to  s 


-dT-t  

*v  neii 


^  r}}^lTJtZ\^.  Lawrence  to  shiftl^; 
tway  my  brave  bays  I"  S( 


cheering' 
}  earnest 


as  he  ft  ail 


THE  LATE  WAR.  ,47 

i'ted  a  scene  that  defies  description— for  it  was  lit. 
erally  covered  with  blood,  which  was  still  adheringt 
the  plank  m  clots-brains,  hair  and  fragments  of  bones, 

though  the  balls  whistled  round  him  !,<.  ^«„m  "^l 

down.  '*  Constitution,  absolutel/heW^ 

o„t\fi:[erde:k^a1ano^JT'''''^''^«^^^    -<»  -- 
guns,  seeing^^n  WsCn  r/ot  do^n^^trn."?'  T  "'  *''« 

more  men  "     Such  waa  +i,«    •  -j '     -  '  A^^^  JWf*  ^ome/ 
vailed  amoig  aUrankrthev  had  ?«.?''w"''^^  *'"^'- 1"^' 

pistol  shot,  so  that  every  Ih„fcoXbe'^r,;"";'»  '"''<" 
from  one  to  the  other.  The  cr^wif  *t  "J?*'?ttly  seen 
unable  in  their  crippi;d  sUte  to  sta„d  td'^'i^  ^'T'"'' 
Niagara  ran  below;  but  their  nnfc  7  .  ""^  ^^'^  ^  t'w 
mt-ned  on  deck,  Ld  Perrylw  h[^"r''*''"°'""^''«^  '«- 
panion  way,  with  his  fer^L  k^  »"« leaning  on  the  cgrn- 

CfareathisKL  te^^^eS,' ^'^S^^ fixe<l 
nncs  on  the  quarter  decF»n^        •  •'^f'®"'^*''  *e  ma- 
the  men  to  c^^TmuI    '  fuJ^.Z:'^,^^^^^^^^ 
strange  conduct  of  Lifut  Burh.n        '''  '?""■"*  "'^^  «»e 
derangement  caused  by  i,i^''t,.J''^»:'»g  **  ^l^^"* 
officer,  and  had  distin/uished'^S;if  fiTCbfe 

J^SitL^tS'rrn'flle'lfir  '"'''^«-  -  «•« 
commanded  the  brigCaledonia  of  ?i.r""S  '"'•"•'  ^^o 
?very  sail,  endeavored  to  r/fiJ*/  f?*  «""!' «P"-eading 
iRto,t5vN...j  V  -^  , . '  '0  get  into  action.     Hia  f •■? 


«(« 


»a  aa  inch  of 


wwigh  it.    Seeing 


canvas    ^"'r^',^"** '•''*'>«-  tan 
canvass,  he  ordered  his  men  to  fire 

Commodore  engaged  in  the 


143 


HISTORY  OF 


were  still  sticking  to  the  rigging  and  sides.  The  sur- 
geons were  still  busy  with  the  wounded— enough !  hor- 
ror appalled  my  senses. 

thickest  of  the  fight,  he  proposed  to  the  commander  of 

another  small  vessel,  to  board  the  Detroit ;  the  other, 

-  Ii0w6ver  prudently  declined  the  rash  but  gallant  propasal. 

The  boatswain  of  the  Ariel  was  among  the  killed;  no 

tooner  had  he  fallen  upon  deck,  than  a  Spaniard  who 

had  often  received  the  rope's  end  from  his  hands,  kneel- 

'  ed  down  by  the  side  of  his  dead  body  and  began  to 

drink  his  blood,  to  satiate  his  vengeance,  articulating 

«  beunos  /"  '^^odP^    This  monster  did  not  long  survive 

his  repast  of  numan  blood. 

*  The  only  tkie  that  the  coolness  and  self  command  of 
Pelrry  expemnced  any  thinglike  a  shock,was  on  seeing 
his  young  brother,  a  midshipman,  knocked  ddwnby  a 
hammock,  which  had  been  driven  in  by  a  ball.  In  the 
momenta vy  aj!;ony  of  his  mind  he  gave  him  up  as  slain, 
but  had  the  delight  to  see  him  rise  up  perfectly  unhurt. 

Perry  &peaksmghly  of  the  bravery  and  good  conduct 
of  the  negroes,  who  formed  a  considerable  part  of  his 
crew.  They  seemed  to  be  absolutely  insensible  t6  dan- 
ger. When  Captain  Barclay  came  onboard  the  Niagara 
and  beheld  the  sickly  and  particolored  beings  around 
him,  an  expression  of  chagrin  escaped  him,  at  having 
been  conquered  by  such  men.  The  fresh  water  service 
had  very  much  impaired  the  health  of  the  sailors,  and 
crouded  the  sick  list  with  patients. 

We  shall  close  these  few  particulars  of  tliis  gallant 
and  romantic  aft'air,  with  the  affecting  fate  of  Lieut. 
Brookes  of  the  marines.  It  presents  an  awful  picture 
of  the  scenes  which  the  warrior  witnesses  in  battle  5  his 
favorite  companions  suddenly  cut  down  before  his  eyes  5 
those  dreadful  transitions  from  the  flush  of  health  and 
the  vivacity  of  youth,  to  tht  ghastliness  of  agpnized 
tleath  ;  from  the  cheering  and  the  smile,  to  the  shrink 

T-.nA  i\\0  r.nnviilfiion= 

imated  vounc  officer. 


Brookes  was  a  gay 


youni 


ble  for  his  beautv.    In  the  midiet  of  the  engage] 


THE  LATE  WAR,  ^^^ 

r«I  a»a  expressed  a  ho^  thaXTifertllt^^ 
accosted  Perry  in  a  <5n*  'f   i  "^ 

countenance,  and  was  mS  somp  I'*  *  r""  °"  •>" 
the  enemy,  when  a  cannon  balCrlt^- "'?'"•"*•  "bout 
and  dashed  him  te  the  ODno^wi  t*?'=^'»'»  '»  the  thigh. 
Wow  shattered  him  d^ullv  /n' I  «°'  *''?  '*"''•    The 
forced  from  him  the  most  ti^iif-^  *''*  ''"'•'«n  anguish 
implored  Perry  to  sho^?li„  "",'"»  exclamations."  He 
ture  5  the  latteVdirected  some' of  ?h*  ""  ^"^  *"  ^is  t"-    " 
him  below  and  consign  &%!*'''' '"•■^"««  *»  ^arry 
was  rendered  m«re  a&ctb^  bv    '     '^t""'    ^^e  sceni 
boy  of  twelve  years  of^iy  ?  ^^e .conduct  of  afculatto 
was  carrying  cSges?fon^^T.'*^  of  Brooke?"   He 
his  master  fall,  he  tfr^,;7r  "L^^e  guns,  but  on  seeing 

^ostfranticges'tic^lStX  f  :•  ""'•''^'=''  '"^h  hf 
tX  '■^waster  was  killed^  Z  '''",§'=':"'«'  ^claiming 
until  orders  were  « v..,  *  '  ^  ,  "^  ?°'''«*  he  be  aoneasel 

""mediately  return! 'die  -°  .^L '^.'•1"'^  '  ^"^^ "f 
Mr.  Hainilton,  the  n.     o/-^i  ^T^^^^^^ges. 

l.keacom«>„„,iC%Pi„g^ol^^^^^^  at  a  gun 

went,  when  the  an^uSf  i,^" '^*'»"«f''l  as  atthis  n?o 

'•■*  own  affai.-s,!nd  ;hif /.f  ^'«.a  f«^>'  JircctfonlXut 
and  weaker,  recommended  7r^?  ""^  «™»ing  weaker 
and  protection,  directing ;„*  'l"'=  "'"'atto  to Siudn^ik 
P.  aced.  Whu;  he  wa"«^e t  tl  °''  '"'"'' ''«  S  be 
tion  was  Sttddenlyattraetp?!  K  """»'  "amiUon's  Xn 
occasioned  him  t^ftt'ttet "'"^*''"-  ^'i="' 

ihe^  i'}iiir.f-'^oj.  dicd*:;;/i::^„'"i!?»'?nt,.tive 

l«,ea4:   '"'"""-  '«««  '^S^-rfB^oZ^^V^ 


U  ^: 


^gazine.J 


130 


HISTORY  Op 


Rome  and  Sparta  would  have  been  proud  of  thcgc  he- 
roes. 

It  would  be  invidious  to  particularize  instances  of 
individual  merit,  where  every  one  so  nobly  performed 
hi  J  pari.  Of  the  nine  seamen  remaining  unhurt  at  the 
time  the  liawrence  struck  her  flag,  five  were  immediate- 
promoted  for  their  unshaken  firmness  in  such  a  trying 
Situation.  The  most  of  these  had  been  in  the  actions 
with  the  Guerriere  and  Java. 

The  undaunted  bravery  of  admiral  Barclay  entitled 
him  to  a  better  fate  5  to  the  loss  of  tho  day  was  super- 
adde^grievous  and  dangerous  wounds  :  he  had  before 
lost  in  arm  5  it  was  now  his  hard  fortune  to  lose  t!ie  use 
of  the  other  by  a  shot  which  carried  away  the  blade  of 
his  shoulder  5  a  canister  shot  made  a  violent  contusion 
inhiship :  his  wounds  were  for  somedays  considered  mor- 
tal.   Every  possible  attention  was  paid  to  his  situation. 
"When  Com.  Perry  sailed  for  Buffalo^  he  was  so  far  recov- 
ered  that  he  took  passage  on  board  our  fleet  which  touch- 
ed at  Erie.    The  citizens  saw  the  affeetijig  spectacle 
of  Harrison  and  Perry  supporting  the  wounded  British 
teo,  still  unable  to  walk  without  help,  from  the  beack 
to  their  lodgings. 

On  board  of  the  Detroit,  twenty  four  hours  after  her 
surrender,  were  found  snugly  stowed  away  in  the  hold, 
two  Indian  Chiefs  who  had  the  courage  to  go  on  board 
atMalden, for  the  purpose  of  acting  as  sharpshooters 
to  kill  our  officers.  One  had  the  courage  to  ascend  into 
the  round  top  and  discharged  his  piece,  but  the  whizzmg 
of  shot,  splinters,  and  bits  of  rigging,  soon  made  the 
place  too  warm  for  him  ;  he  descended  faster  than  he 
L.ni  un  .  at  the  moment  he  reached  the  deck,  the  fra§- 
mcat9of  a  seaman's  iiead  struck  his  comrade^  JA^er 


THE  I.ATE  WAR.  ,5, 

and  covered  it  with  blood  and  brains.      He  vociferated 
;,  blr.  '"*''^""''"  "  """  •"'  ^"'^  "-"^  -«"' saft' 

The  killed  of  botl,  fleets  were  thrown  overboard  as 
fast  as  they  fell       Several  were  washing  ashore  upon 

Com.  Perry  treated  the  prisoners  with  h«manitr*# 
indulgence,  several  Canadians-having  wives  at  Maldt? 
were  permitted  to  visit  their  families'on^e       '"' 

The  Bntish  were  superior  in  the  Ungth  and  number 
of  the.rg.ms  as  well  as  in  the  number  of  me  J  Tl^ 
American  fleet  was  manned  with  a  motly  set  «a«„I 
Europeans,  Africans,  Americans  from  eviv  nSfl ' 
irmted  States  Nearly  one  fourth  werj  X  1^ 
a  5«ssta«,  who  could  not  speak  a  word  of  zlm 
They  were  brave  5  and  who  could  be  otherwise^d  t 
the  command  of  Perry  !  ""lerwj^  unde* 

ed  saiUjrs'  clothes  that  the/mifprsrfot'l"^^  ^ 

Thus  diseaised,  thev  U^d  li  *     ^       ^^^  ^'nghshmeii, 

days,whe^  wo/dT/s&ghttVrrthlrt"*  h-*^ 
were  concealed  below  who  had  nnS  j  f  *'J»  Indians 

«nd  forty  hours.  "*  ^^^^  *o<"l  f<w  eight 

mo"t^nfoutld  Iu&Ss"a«r ''  ^''*"  *«^  «»<1«  » 

rowed  garments  bSTXrer'^ff*^  *''"^  ''»^- 
"othing  less  than  to^  futehered  a^rf  .7^%  !^P*«**<* 
withstandin?,Dreserved  *fc!  ^5   .  *<=alped,  but,  not- 

humored  questions  fnt^r™  /  putting  a  few  gSod 
•t&ethetf  with  Lr^^'f'jfJr.'*^:.  «.•'•«!'  ?eemed  to 


■f-e 


-flP^' 


152 


mSTOKY  OP 


i  The  day  after  the  battle,  the  funeral  obsequies  of  the 
American  and  British  officers,  who  had  fallen  in  the 
action  were  performed,  in  an  appropriate  and  affecting 
manner.  An  opening  on  the  margin  of  the  bay  was 
selected  for  the  interment  of  the  bodies.  The  crews  of 
both  fleets  attended.  The  weather  was  fine  ;  the  ele- 
ments seemed  to  participate  in  the  solemnities  of  the 
"da^j  for  every  breeze  was  hushed,  and  not  a  wave  ruffled 
the  surface  of  the  water.  The  procession  of  boats  5  the 
neat  appearance  of  the  officers  and  men  5  the  music ; 
the  sIo^y  and  regulai- motion  of  the  oars,  striking  in  exact 
time  Kjqith  the  notes  of  the  solemn  dirge  5  the  mournful 
wa^§  of  the  flags ;  the  sound  of  the  minute  guns  from 
the  different  ships  in  the  harbor  5  the  wild  and  solitary 
aspect  of  the  place  f  the  stillness  of  nature,  gave  to 
the  fcene  an  air  of  melancholly  grandeur,  better  folt 
than,,  de^ribed  ;  all  acknowledged  its  influence  ;  all 
were  sensibly  aifected.  What  a  contrast  did  it  exhibit 
to  the  terrible  conflict  of  the  precedirg  day  !  Then  the 
people  of  the  two  squadrons  were  engaged  in  the  dead- 
ly strife  of  arms.  Now  they  associated  like  brothers, 
t(>  pay  the  last  tribute  of  respect  to  the  dead  of  both 
nations. 

Five  officers  were  interred,  two  American  and  three 
British.  Lieut.  Brooks  and  midshipman  Laub  of  the 
Lawrence ;  Capt,  Finnis  and  Lt.  Stokoe  of  the  Queen 
Charlotte,  and  Lieut.  Garland  of  the  Detroit.  The 
graves  are  buta  few  paces  from  the  beach,  and  the  future 
traveller  of  either  nation^it  is  feared,  will  find  no  me- 
mento whereby  he  may  distinguish  the  American  from 
the  British  hero.  ,  . 

The  marines  of  our  fleet  were  highly  complimented 

"1.^  au^  ^]^.^,^^a^^^  -t xv^:-- 3 1..^^  .   „ii.u^k.^  '*^ 


THE  LATE  WAR.  ^g^ 

*M  ihe  first  time  the  mo«t  nf  *i.      v  ^ 

rigged  vessel,  being  frcsSmnt       f  '**"  '  '^''*"' 
The  Brifioi,  ««••       J  Hamson'g  army, 

the  deck  of  r  Be     irdSrSe '■''"'•''  ""^  •»  «"' 
escaped  unhurt.  :*  *      "  '"S'Sement,  and 

to  the  list  zrthr  *' H  v^^"^^'  '-^"^  -«^ 

-ulating,  L'^Zr^tr^"  "^''"^"''"'^ 
-shrieks  of  the  dying  and  mnf,r//    *'  """"»'  the 
«g  spectacle  o/tKor  of  1        r.""*" '  "^^  '^'"^^ 
Mood,  operated  soZImw,  "^Y  '"""''''**'•  "'* 
tray,  that  he  expressed  htfl,''''".^''"' '*''""  °''l'<>« 
lations  of  terrorHtti"     f  rf   '  '*''""^  S"^*''"- 
ted  the  side  of  tbelhX/       '"'""•'  ^hotperfoi*. 
heaven  uponhis  'd  earl^bode  '  T'f  '"  **>  '*8ht  of  . 
his  head  through  the  anert"        ''""'"' ^"'*«'«»»J^  thrust , 
Pitioushowlin/  ThLsS?  ""1 '»""»«»<=««•  a  most 
animal  excited  the  ^ZtmLT""''  "'  *"  *^''e^*«d 
and  mortally  wounded  '"'  '^''"  "^  *«  ^J^^S 

Jttt  LtTco'i'r ".  *"  "^  --«">"•  ^ 

board  of  the  Lawrerce^./E"'"-^''"''  volunteered  a- 
a  hero.  TowarltZ  1,  "^  °™''' '''«  ""^^  "t* 
i^ter  shot  struck  him  on  the  In  '"«''f'»^"*"'  "»- 
to  his  gun.    He  waT  in,/,*.  *  "'  ''''  """'  «to«pinR 

hisoffiL„rd"e7h^b;{T"^"'*  "''»•'' ^ 
preferring  to  do  duty  wht  hi K^'  :*"*"'"•  *"  ''i^o^. 

^"fisto^t^butSMo^ttfdtT^ 

order  was  issued  to  go  belor    h!         f  **  *'"'*''«'• 

l::^^  handage  on  the  L.ntL /tl"  i»!»^* 


s>  and  pcrfarir^edthe 


useJes 
^^tmost  sertfce  in  W 


IJ4 


HISTORY  OF 


with  his  right,  until  the  stars  and  stripes  ^ftved  victori- 
ous over  the  foe." 

Nevertheless,  he  afterwards  deserted — ^was  t^en, 
condemned  by  a  court  martial  and  executed  on  board  the 
Niagara  in  November  1814. 

I  have  my  fears  that  the  blood  of  the  brave  but  unfor- 
innate  Birk,  rests  upon  the  head  of  a  tyrant  officer. 
It  mus^  hj^ve  been  an  energetic  cause  indeed,  that  would 
have  indkced  a  man  (A  such  undaunted  courage,  bear- 
ing Br  lasting  testimomal  of  his  valor  and  of  his  ser- 
vices, and  entitled  to  a  valuable  share  of  priz.e  money, 
I  repeat,  it  laust  have  been  m  ordinary  grievance  that 
could  have  induced  a  brave  man  thus  situated,  to  desert 
the  fl^ghe  had  ooce  so  gloriwiely  defended. 


,  i 


■.^'  ■'■ 


♦« 

# 
€■ 


fN-\ 


;/ 


J. 


^1^ 


TIffi"LATE  WAR. 


W5 


Jiiographicamotice  of  General  Harrison.* 

-hich  office  he  continued  to  ^m^:yl:XT\ '"  ' 
he  was  appointed  Governor  of  Virllf  tu^.^'  ''''? ' 
of  the  revolutionary  comrress  Hp,  ,    ^''«J'"»''»«'* 

l»s zeal  and  usefulness Idfh       l  ""''     '''""""■^  »*" 
was  held.    Hewa"on:of«    .r''""**'""'"  ^''"'^  >>• 
to  Washington  wj;rtlf;Xr!"''-  ^'^puted 
^uade  the  army  to  extend  1^  ^^  "  ""■  *"  '^■ 

Zy  ^eT'T'^  *«  d«terJrwhtt  r'Ne;?:;;:: 

r^„h.,.hichdec,are/^^^^^^^^^^ 

The  hero  of  Tippeeanofe,  of  Mi»iVc  a».,^  t- 

ornat  t>>e  familfseat,  si^dSClro7l£ 
mer  twenty  five  miles.a«w«icJ.«„„d  *  h  J^"^^ 

«^s,  pphedforanensigncy^^«„^,,^,„  ^^^^^ 


_*-, 


iK6 


HISTORY  OF 


cd,  as  president  Washington,  Gen.  Henry  Lee,  attor- 
ney general  Randolph  and  Robert  Morris,  were  all  his 
friends  and  patrons. 

His  first  appearance  in  the  militaiy  costume,  was  at 
Philadelphia,  in  the  character  of  a  recruiting  officer  in 
the  first  regiment  of  U.  S.  infantry.  From  thence  he 
proceeded  to  join  his  regiment  at  fort  Washington,  in 
the  north  western  terrritory,  a  few  dtys  after  St.  Clair's 

defeat. 

«  His  arrival  is  yet  remembered  hy  several  persons 
at  Cincinnati,  who,  when  he  became  a  man  of  conse- 
quence and  popularity  in  that  country,  took  pleasure  in 
describing  his  person.     The  ensign  might  have  been  for- 
gotten? but  the  governor  and  the  major  general  buoyed 
up  ^U  the  minute  circumstances  which  would  have  sunk 
%ith  the  poor  subaltern  officer  to  the  bottom  of  oblivion. 
Accordingly,  we  are  told  that  ensign  Harrison,  when  he 
joined  his  corps  was  a  stripling  of  nineteen  years  of 
age:  tall,  thin,  puerik  in  his  person, and  to  all  appear- 
ance4)ut  wretchedly  <iualified  for  the  hardships  to  which 
a  soldier  is  liable  in  the  wilderness.     Yet  with  such  a 
frame,  softened  by  all  the  comfort  and  delicacy  in  which 
the  wealthy  families  of  the  southern  states  i^ar  their 
children,  was  our  military  novice  at  once  exposed  to 
the  most  trying  circun*  stances. 
<<  The  broken  remains  of  general  St.  Clair's  army  were 
every  day  arriving  at  the  fort,  naked,  broken  down  and 
dispirited.      The  period  of  service  of  the  militia  had 
expired :  the  detachment  of  the  second  regiment  of  reg- 
ulars that  was  in  the  action  under  St.  Clair,  was  entire- 
ly cut  up,  and  thus  the  task  of  maintaining  the^e  of 
posts  that  had  t^en  erected,  of  establishing  "^«"^^» 
anii  of  Affording  convoysior  provisions,  dmp^  -""* 


THE  lATE  \V,iR.  ,^ 

'bur  Iuu.dr.d  of  theLT^        "f  between  three  a,^^ 
fragment-  «f  genciVst  f?'r"*'  ""''  *'"=  "^'^'^^^ 

well  have discourCSlTw,""^  '"'''  "'  ""'^''^ 
Wm  to  listen  to  Z7h  !*'*  •'*"*'  ""^  "Ji»P''»«« 
«lelphi.i!:r.v  , '.  '«^'"»";^<"'  of  Ins  fnends  in  PMIa- 

!"">  ~n»y,  SO  formidable  was  *?.«  ^_        .  .    „ 
him  that  a  friend  whom  he  mefT  *''!  ^^'P^^*  '"^fo'-e 

-««rgi^^himali.erypi;r^X  ^"*  "'■'''  '"■"' 
*«Pto  which  he  must  B«!r?L       ""w^*'™  hard- 

f«nea„do^«tit«r„?,oThor  'T'*''-  "'*■•  » 
Wm  to  re8ign  his  comJL  ^r*''"'''  *<*"'  «l""*ed 
«--inghi.U«  ;~':"  »»"*,  -t-n   Lome  agai„, 

tain  those  ha-dshipJTt  t^       1"""'*  ■"  '''''''  *«  ««"" 

••e8i8tthesedBctivehabir^''r^^'"'*"'''^  ''°  ^'""'W 

Wpr^vailed.  in  the  amr   "S""""  '^''''="  »*  ^''^ 
were  unavailing.    TakJn/'     ^", '""'«  ""'"onstrances  , 

to  shame,  which  inlgesildill  '"'  -^^a^WIity 

""propriety  of  retrS:  fr  1  h-f""''"  ''''"'  «'« 
cnsi«,  ami  perhaps  too  from  U     ^''"''^"''^  ^*  "■"="  " 

r«h.»ledhyhiscomradeM.e  deEedT"  '''^"'S 
»nd  ,m  soon  after  appo.nted I^T^  *°  P'"''^^« 
detachment  of  20  men^C  to  ,,  !,  '"'"'""'"'  "^  » 
pack  horsee,  to  &«  Hamilto'!:  !/!■."  "^""'^"^^  "^ 
^ed  wifl.  Ag^^  diffi!!  ti' :  ?"  ^  "■'"'=''  '^^  'Atten- 
tions." *         «"nic  ult.es,  distresses,  and  prira- 

Heperfonnedtiii3servicf„« 

B»o^  cpndBct  publicly  thanlft-d  for  W. 


'<^^^Sz:U'irty^mu>..i 


o 


study  of  tacdiciBe. 


158  HISTORY  OF 

General  St.  Clair  set  out  for  Philadelphia,  and  left, 
the  anny  under  the  comman4  of  Gen.  Wilkiugon.    Of 
this  event  General  Harrison  speaks  with  pleasure,  as 
iBakinc  a  very  interesting  period  iu  his  life.     1  o  the 
soodness  of  Gen.  Wilkinson,  he  never  omits  a  fair  op- 
portunity of  bearing  testimony,  or  of  declaring  that, 
besides   a  multitude  of  acte  of  kindness,  he  owes  the 
p..cscrvati<,B  of  histemperate  habits  to  the  indefatigable 
tanderness  and  friendly  admonition  of  the  General, 
who  not  only  gave  him  th«  best  advice,  but  upon  one  oc- 
TasLn,  prevLtcd  him  frombeing  sent  to  a  distant  po.t 
in  conformity  to  his  regular  tour  of  duty,  lest  he  should 
acquire  from  the  example  of  «»""»»""1'°5  f  ;;"  f 
that  poet,  a  habit  of  di^ipation.    Tlie  habit  of  temper- 
Tnce Chik  he  thus  earlliy  acquired  under  the  paternal 
guidance  of  General  Wilkinson,  has  never  been  depart- 
ed from.  -,.,..:  -  .     -J    I„  „.m„ 

In  June  1793,  he  was  appointed  second  "d-^^J^""? 
to  Go...  Wayne  ;  having  bsen  previously  .a.sed  to  a 

'''!arsTpt*ember,itbeir>gunderstoodthatthenegocia- 

,ions "vith  the  Indians   had  failed  of  effect  and  were 
IXn  off,  the  army  consisting  of  four  thousand  five 
Tnai^d  effective  r'egulars,  including  some  troops  of 
d«j:cc.n.,  aad  of  an  auxiliary  force  f    '^*™ 
-ria-In'cd  militia  under  the  command  of  Gen.  fecott, 
"  ;"    d       Grcnville;  but  an  early  setting  .no    the 
r.:;t  re^dering  it  advi^alj.  ^;^t::^, 
rniarteo,  huts  wcv^  built,  and  a  s>  s^ein  ^    thevwer© 
:alcul.A|rthe  kind  of  ^'Zlt^^^ 
...  Kp  PinlHy ,  was  dihgenlly  put  m  paQtice.^  ^  ^^^ 
'i:::*;kTkJc:KrtlPvoted  himscU:  to  lae  siuuy  a»u  p.«v 

cuccess,  tbat  Ife  •Main- 


ykitgHaWiadtllevoted 


i«p 


THIS  L^Tfi  WAK. 


-••J.    He  took  .nU  Cotd  f  ^ T'  """  "^  ''*  ^  '-«- 
•nd  advanced  u»on  th.  K  v  .  !     "'""  °*^  *''^  '"'''•"'*. 

«that„eighborhood;  Id  „.  So  :,''■:?'!'''''    '''"  «* 

thorn,  and  ,„  .vi„,  th!m  r   -il"  •"°^' ''''°  '"'°» ■•<"»  «d 
JJritUh  f„:  t,  ,1^,  *''7. '"  ";«:•"  -  ^hort  distance  ,f  th* 

Harri.o„'«  ;   '  •    t7«^':;' r;r  "'  "•    ^"  '"-  battle 
Gen.  Wajnc      H»  h^  *  '*  """"^st  anpUusc  from 

a  task  of  Mtre.ne  di.4»lt   '^  f    "  '*«"''""  ^^-P^  ^ 
the  woods  in  whL  tllv  " " ^'       "^  *"  ""*  tluckness  of 

••i  "  with  greaSl:^:,''.'^^''''*''''  ""^  *"-P"^- 

ranted  to  them,  andl;   he  ir'''/"  ^"^'*^''  '^'^ 
t-minatedalltb  ii..  teefa^"  «"     -ing  a  treaty 

■  "  In  the  autunvn  of  i;^  S;  1"  '  '""*'  *«  ''-■  i 
ta>n,  was  married  to  th.  "«'"«"',  now  a  cdn.     j 

^heeves8,n.J-E;.l?:;':r  .''"«''^^'-  "''''^  1 
^e«tern  territory,  and  o„  thf ,  ^''^^''''  °^  *'«'  """-tk  1 
for  the  Atlantic  .tatT wa,       7'"""'''=  "^  «"•  ^ayn* 

«8to„.    rnthofa,Jrif'^T'"''"''"^*'"rtWrh-       I 
coarse  of  the  following  yZ  happened  in  the        I 

a  T~  i<v/\..   ^,  o  J  car.  ■ 


*nnr,  and  was  in  T  /    "'''^^  ^*^P*^«^ 
,    /?  aix«  was  m  a  few  a-eeks  after- 


A  A:: 


160 


HISTORT  OF 


wards  appcanted  secretary  of  the  north  western  territory 
ill  the  room  of  W.  Sarjeant  Esq.  who  wa«  raised  to  the 
office  of  governor  of  the  MisMSsippi  territory.    In  the 
year  1799,  he  was  sent  as  a  delegate  to  congress  from  tlic 
north  western  territory,  and  had  an  active  share  in  hring- 
ing  through  congress  the  law  for  changing  the  defe<^ve 
«y§tem  that  had  been  in  use  for  the  sale  of  public  laiids^ 
and  in  introducing  the  plan  now  in  operation.    He  was 
in  fact  the  person  who  ori^nated  that  measure,  ^tiie 
l^ppy  effects  of  which  iqion  the  treasury  *of  the  United 
jfitatea  are  now  acknowledged  by  every  one :  foi-  it  tias 
iieen  ascertained,  that  the  immense  growth  of  popula- 
^on  which  enabled  that  territory  in  a  short  time  after 
Itobecome  one  of  the  states  and  ftt  this  time  not  one  ^ 
:*he  smallest,  arose  altogether  from  that  plan. 

«  When  1^  Indiana  territory  was  formedxmt df  a  part 

^f  the  north  western,  Mr.  Han-ison  was  appointed  by 

Mr.  Adams,  the  fiist  Governor  of  it ;  and  in  the  year 

taal  removed  to  ^e  capital  of  it  (Vincennes)  with  his 

ifamily.    At  the  expiration  of  the  three  years  for  which 

he  had  been  appointed,  he  was  again  nominated  to  that 

office  by  Mr.  Jefferson,  an4  continued  to  retain  it  under 

»Ir.  Madison  till  he  w«s  called  to  the  command  trf  the 

north  western  army  after  the  fall  of  Detroit. 

*i  During  t^  admimstration  he  directed  liis  attention 
io  the  disciplining  of  the  militia,  and  exerted  himself 
in  -^eavoring  to  civilize  and  better  the  condition  of  the 
Indian  tribes  that  fell  under  his  superintendance.    In 
h'-i  letters  to  Gt>v,  Scott  of  Kentucky,  which  have  been 
.puWi«He(i,  and  in  his  speeches  to  the  Indiana  "^^ 
ture>  h«  strenuously  recommended  the  system  of  the  qW 
TepublicB,  under  which  military  instruction  was  com- 
menced at  school,    Inconsequ^nce.of  that  recoinWH^ 


.■^ii  - 


THE  LATE  WAK.  ,gj 

dation  the  United  States  gave  a  section  of  each  t*«« 

taction,  K  S  t  f '  *"  fo-x'te  their  dvii- 

as  a  ^^^^^^:ztT:T^' 

ereasing,  his  speeches  and  i^rj,!!,^   .  '?P"^'J'  «^*- 
Il»diana  bearabundai.tT!*f     ^       ^*  legislature  6f 

larity  Wth  S  llrf  !  '"*^/'"""  P'"'*  h»  A>»' 
strojer  ?roof  L  S  :  T'  ^'  ^"'«'-  ^«*  ^^^^ 
the  P«.p!Se  i  h'af  ,,LT  f  "'•'  P*-^^  ««»<='>«d  to 

5^f«.-ntotj«:irclr;^^^^^ 

rhis  \vaa  a  foul  asnersinn  -  f^  I  .     .      inclinations. 

«ng  there  were  no  more  Sail  /  .*""'  "^  "^S""*' 
Gov.  Harri.6„,  ^hr  h^ t^^";^^  """'^'^  *'»"S  witi. 
t'uw  eighteen,  hundred -an  J  ?""'  "counted  to  mote- 

Power,haVi„g.^,rtlCthLfT  rl"'^''^ *•'•'"• 
surrounded  b,  miitudesTil'-''^^'-  *"^  '^"^  • 

-r?;:tr:tftr'"K'''''^"-«"^^^^^^^ 

lo  him  BO  les.  crcdi"  H^ mtr  "^  «*!W*vemen»^ 
"toned  the  universal  SZeTtri*?'*'''""'^ 
"-...alifled   approbatior„fTo  1^^^^^*''' 

-  ^eu  on  aitr  risr'r'."*^^^ 

Tinkij "^  '"^POi^tant  effects  i«httii*:*i,d>^ 

•«t«of  Ge«.  ilaniso!.!      *        '"'*'■***  the/^ar-.S 

"o"" '  '•*«  ••^«»"  the  e-teeOitioa  m 


{'■'■4. 


163  HISTORY  OF 

tUe  Wabash,  in;ilie  autumn ef  1811,  which  end«d  in  the 
■victory  of  Tippecanoe. 

A  confederation  of  Indians,  under  the  command  of  a 
Shawanese  impostor  of  considerable  talents  and  greftt 
ambition,  who  passed  for  a  prophet,  and  by  tl>at  means 
acquired  vast  influence  and  a  powerful  ascendency  over 
the  savages,  had  for  some  time  excited  the  vigilance  of 
the  Indian  government,  and  at  length  proceeded  to  such 
an  alarming  extent  as  to  render  it  necessary  either  to 
bring  them  to  terms  of  definite  accommodation  by  ami- 
cable treaty,  or  to  reduce  them  by  force  of  arms.     Ac- 
eordinriy.Gov.  Harrison  collected  anarmy  to  go  against 
them  5  and  in  order  to  avoid  if  possible  having  recourse 
to  the  sword,  and  to  take  advantage  of  the  alternative 
of  negotiation,  if  the  prophet  and  ^i"  f  "Pl*  «'«'«?^ 
feel  disposed  to  an  amicable  adjustment,  he  headed  the 
:  army  himself.    As  he  approached  the  prophet's  town,  he 
.  found  H  necessary  to  proceed  with  the  utmost  caubon, 
jiot  only  to  avoid  an  ambuscade  which  the  treachery  of 
the  enemy  would  have  provided  for  his  recep  'op,  but 
toprocurLn  interview  with  them  '»  -d"  J^^  ™ 
their  oUiect,  and  open  a  negociation  with  feeir  chxets. 
Th   coquet  of  the  Indians,  as  he  advanced,  not  on  y 
.  Justified  but  increased  his  suspicions,  and  suggested    o 
L  the  expediency  of  keeping  his  ™«!  ^-^^^^^  J 
constant  order  of  battle,  and  even  of  making  them  sleep 
^dy  dressed  and  accoutred,  to  prevent  ^^1^ 
ien  by  surprise.     During  the  whole  of  ^'^  1"    ^^ 
march,  parties  of  the  savages  were  seen  contmually 
Tn  hU  way  and  hovering  about  the  thickets  on  eithe 
^^e    rlvery  effort  to  sp.ak  with  the- wa^  ound 
_    .     ,     «ri.^«  ««^  fti-mv  raine  near  the  piopneiir 
town,  Ml  /^erican  Captain,  ,.ith  a  iiag  aud  m  xoterpre-. 


THE  LATE  \yAR. 


im 


ter,  was  dispatched  to  reouesf  i  ^^«r 

with  contempt  and  infol  L3 1  r  ^^ ''^r"* 
night,  and  i„  the  morningto  Ike  1  *»  !»«'"»Pfo'*% 
of  opening  a  conference     AH.    ?    ^^^^tsal  mOaJw 

-d  to  be'of  hi/eXtit*':  tf  tKn?""" 

forward,  expressed  «,.,.«.;       !  Prophet  came 

-^  so  rapid^aiXr^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

«nde..ta„d  b,  the  person,  .ho  .at    I'n^tfoT  *" 

fe^v  days  before,  that  the  Governor  Z,l,      .    T  '"'* 

J.  the  pj.ophet's  town  until  he  hT  elet/:  t"" 

*<vlus  demands;  that  his  answer  had  2„  T       'r*" 

•'>r  a  chief  who  accompanied  back  the  o"      T*'*'""* 

;enger,b«twhohad  u'nfortl      lltSr"  '  "f 

"^:t:::::rhr^^n^*'^^^^^^^^ 

•^t-    In  tl.enea«ltaslrd  :;■""'  "'?  *^^  ''"P'" 

Hy  should  be  comnSnlSoTtV^^^ 

ciuef  ~d  much  pleased,  a:S:iraTL  '''^ 

d.  .ons  should  be  faithfully  reciprocated  '  *''  ""'■ 

«  That  naght  the  Governor  encamped  his  ar^v  •    ,• 
of  battle,  and  orders.!  *i.=  ♦  ""'pca  ms  army  ib  hne 

time  to  /iedorn  to  ste  ;   ™t'''  'ir"'*"-'*"^^*^^'- 

on.  so  that  they  ml  htSe^  ir^Xrr™-^ 
for  action  Without  a  moment's  dflay     Jw '  ^"  ""^^^ 
«larly  called  up  an  hour  before  S;   2^LT  T 
ai-ms  until  it  wa,  «,.;♦•  i:-...     V    f''^'  '*"''  ''«?*  «nderv 
-nor  a:-03a  l,^^t  Xl,  ^r."^^-?  *^«  8-^/ 


■*^'., 


at  a  little  after  fbCo'skci.,^ 


164 


HISTORY  O** 


Sxi 


the  signal  for  calling  out  the  men  would  have  been  given 
in  two  minutes,  when  an  attack  was  commenced  by  the 
savages  upon  tV.e  left  flank  of  his  camp.    Only  one  gun 
(8ay«  the  governor  in  his  lettfer  to  tlie  secretary  at  war) 
was  fired  by  the  centinele,  or  the  guard  in  that  direc- 
tion  who  made  no  resistance,  but  abandoned  their  offi- 
cer, and  fled  into  the  carnp^ ;  so  that  the  first  notice 
which  the  troops  had  of  tlieir  danger  was  from  the  yell4 
of  the  savages  within  a  short  distance  of  the  line,  but 
even  under  those  circumstances  the  men  were  not 
wanting  to  themselves  or  to  the  occasion.    Such  or 
them  as  were  awake  or  easily  awakened,  seized  their 
arms  and  took  tlieir  stations^thers  who  were  more 
tardv  had  to  contend  with  the  enemy  in  the  doors  ot 

tWr  tents.  ,,  ,     i, +L^i.» 

under  all  those  dUadvantages  the  men  all  took  theu 
ttotions,  and  governor  Harrison  mounting  his  horse 
,ode  to  the  place  rvhere  the  attack  was  commenced,  ami 
made  such  a  disposition  ot  his  forces  as  soon  compelled 
the  savages  to  repent  o£  their  treachery :  they  weie 
driven  before  our  infantry,  at  the  point  of  they  bayonet, 
and  the  dragoons  pursued  and  forced  them  into  a  marsh 
where  they  couldwt  be  followed.    In  fine,  tW/'^^^ 
route*  in  dl  quarters,  and  completely  dispersed  by  the 
valor  and  discipline  of  our  citizeiis,  and  the  very  able 
dispositions  of  hiftforcos  made  by  the  governor. 
,    lh»  conduct  of  governor  Hamson  had  befeert... 

event  rendered  him  extre«xely  popular  m  all  the  coun 
try  that  lies  upon  tlie  banks  of  the  western  waters.- 
And  his  prompt  and  decisive  measure,  against  the  In- 
dians, which,  by  breaking  up  what  was  supposed  to  Lea 

'      -  "^  .  .__j.Ai ««/.o  o«fV«i^cuntv  01 

^midabie  conspiracy  againsi  cue  p..-.  .  «=-  -  -         . 

^tfee  inhlibitantS  of  the  Indiauii  Territory,  endeared  bui 


Tmi^ATE  WAR.  ,55 

Fo'  *e»1«^Ht  S  *'"*i*»«?  «"=•'«•  of  Ms  services. 

7*o«erveawlfh«e„.Hl^t    a?"  "f  "«"**' 

than  tkc  common  mode  5  I^  *"  ^  ""^e  Wectual 
omitted  an  opportunijof  ,1^^'  !»^«"-  ««  "-« 
pleof  cheerfully  subMit^"  _'*"'"«  '  *^'"'P'  *''*  «««•- 
privations  incident  to  S,         '*  n«nerousand  sever. 

mclement  seasons.  ^*'*'"*/  *"''  '"»  f'e  most 

-etfuttratordif  jr-'  *^^  --ps 

quantity  oulj.  was  allowed  1 1,    m  '    P*'"  '"''>■•    ^ hm 
^»d  rigidly  conformed  to  in  thr"""'  "^  '^'^y  "«* 

The  allowance    for  d  1"        ^'"''■*''^  °^»  f»«ilr. 
betu,..„  *.._  .„  "'""^r    was  uniformly   .i:....,/. 


166  .    HISTORY  OF 

*.iept  under  a  thinner  tent  than  any  other  person,  wheth- 
er officer  or  soldier ;  and  it  was  the  general  observation 
of  the  officers,  that  his  accommodatioriH  imght  generally 
be  known,  by  their  being  the  worst  m  tiie  army.    ITpon 
the  expedition  up  the  Thames  all  his  bags-age  wa*  con- 
tained in  a  valise,  while  his  bedding  consisted  of  a  ^mglc 
blanket,  fastened  over  his  saddle,  and  even  this  he  gave 
to  Col.  Evans,  a  British  uflicer,  wlio  was  wounded.     His 
•ubsistence  was  exactly  that  m  a  common  siildier. 
.    On  the  night,  after  the  acti(  n  ip^  the  fhames,  thir- 
tv  Jwe  Eritish  officers  supped  with  him  upon  fresh  beef 
roasted  ^.«fbre  the  fire,  without  either  bread  orsalt, 
and    v/ilkoi^t   ardent  spirits  of  any  kind.     Wheth^ 
tv  upon  the  march,  or  in  the  camp,  the  whole  army 
wai  yeeularly  under  arms  at-  day  >reak^     Upon  no 
ocofesion  did  he  fail  tabe  out  himself,  however  severe 
the  weather,  and  ^yas  generally  the  Srst  officer  on  horse- 
back  of  the  whole  army.     Indeed,  he  made  it  a  point 
on  every  occasion,  to  set  an  example  of  fortitude  and 
patience  to  his  men,  and  to  share  with  them  ev^ry 
hardship,  difficulty  and  danger. 


jui^ 


i^ 


9^  ^y:'>,%i 


^  M 


■•*! 


*'/ " 


T^E  LATE  WAS. 


m 


J'"^''^ -^tfc^s  andMassacres,  m  1812 

MA9SACKE  OP  *„,„.„„  •^*>«ni»l^. 

^-'N  the  9th  Of  August    1«J9  /^    . 
commanded  at  Fort  DefZ'    .     '  ^."P*"   "''*>'^'  *k« 
,      Gen.  H^,I1,  to  evacuate  Z^fl    T"'*''  «'<»«s  fron>. 
troit  by  land.     On  the  ll    r*'  ""''*"  P''"^'*''  *"  »«. 

WaynearHvedShtitS^M''^-'''*'"^'  ^'»'»  ''-rt^ 
•f  escorting  the  saZ,«  '".^""»'«  f«'  «'«  P»n.o»e , 

State*  Factory  store  «*,!IV        ^'""^''  '"  *«  U^'ted  ^ 
to  dbtribute  amonTti^'J^*"*-  "•=»'<• -^--rthorised  > 
a  quantity  of  proSrh;,*  defr'  "^^  *•*  ^oo^'  and 
»«d  ammunition  as  w  T,' as  a  '     T**  '^'  ""T'"  ««• 
collection  of  Indians  "a   Lrtr^  »<!-.    '*- 
with  tlm  strictest  J.roj,rietvtnf  '«     !.^*^  conducted  . 
the  fort.  .^^*'"«'^'«'- the  garrison  left, 

On  the  ISth,  a'  Ojn  41  ' 

»enced  its  march!    A  »*!  Z't^'^^'  ^'">^  «>«'  • 
^I'ed  in  front,  the  «mai„d        ^'^"''"^  *«>«  *«. 
guards,  under  Capt.  WeT    T^  ?"""  '"  *^'  '•««'•  ^s 
t'J  rendered  it  necessarr  fn  ^v!*'*'"'*^''"  "^  «,<*  coun^ 

viththeIakeontheirie7an;S"i*"''''''*'«^  ''^-l'. 

".^t,  at  about  roo,ard.Sn^^'''8*'^r^ 

They  had  proceeded  about  a^l      /f"^^ 
was  discovered  tl»  l„di°^*  *  *''•'''"•»«  l>iIf,Vhwit 

them  from  behind  the  blk      it  P''"P*'<'«'  *»  attebk^ 

'^*>.«.rch«,  up.,,,,,  compLr;o"::'tj"-f 


ui,.  ^yf^'.^'"*  »3  situated  on  f U  o......        , 

X"  ^-/^"igan  at  the  mouth  of  rr"'  ^^^^ern  shore  of 
?!fce  of  considerabJe  i  for^  it  i.  f 

«e|)ago  and  Ottawa^  Indian/    ^?,_^^**^^«ttein 


i 


Unk,  when  the  action  commenceil.     After  firing  one 
round,  they  charged  and  thc-sawgcs  gave  way  in  front 
and  joined  those  on  the  flanks.    In  15  minutes  the 
Indians  got  possession  of  all  their  horses,  proviaions 
and  baggage  of  every  description.    The  Miamies  afferd- 
edi  no  aaastance,  and  many  of  the  garrison  hadalrea^ 
fidten.    eapti  Heald  drew  off  the  Sew  nienhe  liad  kft, 
asAtck  possession  of  »  small  elevation  in  the  open 
nqwrie  otttof  the  reach  of  the  Indian  fi>«  from  the  bmh, 
^  aay  other  cover.    The  Indians  did  not  follow  but 
a«emhlalinahody  .nthetopof  the  bank,  and,  alter 
a  short  eoBsnltation  among  thamseivas,  made  signs  for 
OaA  Heald  taapproach  them.     He  advanced  towards 
twin  rfone,  a»d  was  met  by  one  of  the  ft.ttewatte«..e 
chic£i  called  the  Blackbird,  with  an  interpreter.    After 
.brtingbawisha  requested  Capt  H.  to  '""^"J^'^P^"- 
fatogto  spare  the  lives  «f  the  prisoner*    The  capbim 
did«ot  put  entire  confidence  in  hia  promises,  but  thought 
it  most  prudent  to  comply  with  his  request.    After  de- 
liveringup  th«r  arms,  the  prisoners  were  aken  back  to 
thefor?  Iddistributed  amongthe  d'^<^^'!"**'*«;-    ^^ 
next  morning  the  Indians  set  fire  to  the  fort,  and  left  the 
nlaee.  taking  Ihe  prisoners  with  them. 

The  number  of  warriors  was  between  four  and  five 
hii»*red  }  mosUy  Rrffewattemies  ,  fifteen  of  the  In- 
dians  were  killed.  The  Americans,  when  the  ac^on 
Wmmenced,  consisted  of  54  regulars  and  nmib^^, 
«t  of  which  26  regulars  and  *"  the^ilitia  were  killed 
tathe  action,  wUh  two  women  and  twelve  chddren. 
Gapt.  WeUs,  Dr.  Van  Vorh«es  and  B"»'S»  B^"^**!-* 
among  the  k  Hcd.     Exclusive  of  Capt    Heald  and  tm 

«Uluaig    w*-.^  ^  ,       ,        ?JU    -.    fo.Ar  «ltrA0k«l     at  aim, 

wife,  who  were  permittea  w  rewuo  »  "";":"-:, 

Mesh's,  25  noncommissioned  officers  ^^  »" '"J'T 

;     eleven  women  and  chiUre*  were  ret«««d  w  ca|.t«ity. 


< 

men 
fort, 
the  s 
the  I 
comr 
betwi 

cral  V 

inforii 

liim  tl 

Ati 

arms, 

their  c 

haen  a 

of  moi 

officers 

wntenal 

i'«cover 

t]u-ough 

CHinspei 

vigilant, 

as  the  s€ 

to  walk 

Older-  to 

thej  mc( 

*  The , 

^iir- *^' 


THKLATKWAR. 


f69 


O: 


'^**<'<='c  of  Fort  Harruon. 


« 


_'N  the  eveninsof  the  1.1  <.<■«»  i  . 
men  who  ^-ere  ,„aki„g  lllu^^t^^'^  *""  ^'""'« 
^""t.  Here  killed  and^aLd  c""  -'t'"?  '■■*•■»  ">« 
'he  same  time  informed  bv !  ,  '^  ^''^'<"'  ''"  »* 
*e  Prophet's  part/i'^or;  ^'-^'^^'j'  ^"dia-^,  that 
commencing  l"os(ifitLs  r  I^  !T'  '*"■  *'"'  P-T'^*  -^ 
between  30  and  40  Indiln^  "!,"''  '"'"'"S'^  *>>«  4th, 
'«Ppecan„„e  .Z^^Z^'C'^  chiefs,  aniyed  fiom' 

"formed  Capt.  Tavior  thTt  Jh.      T'^'  ^^  ^"S'«h, 
•"■»  the  next  morni^ng  otet  tL^^^^^  *»  «Peak .  t. 

At  reveille  beatingf  Cant  rlT   "^  *»  '^''^  ' 
;;™s,  and  found  them  aS  ^Trdr'"*.'  *'"'  •"«»'• 
their  cartridges  to  16  rounds  I  ' '""'  ''""'Pleted 

i-een  able  for  several  Z,  1  ^-  ""*" '  '"'*  •«=  ''««1  "•* 
of  more  than  6  pri  ;S  /nd T'' ""  ""•»»*- g«ard 
ofl'cers.     Indce.l  he  had  fot  !  """  commissioned 

-tenable,  if  vigorous!; ^^0"^  T'^'  "^l"^* 
'^covered  from  a  fevor  and  ^  '""'  "«*  »'1f 

"S'la„t,a.Kl  ordered oneofrt!?  *'"'«"»'•''»*»  ^ 

"^  f'e  sentinel,  could  "It^^"'"'"""^^''"""'  ""S^^ftl  ' 
to  walk  around  on  ITLZ^?^  ^'-  "'"  *''«  g^msoji' ^ 
«^der  to  prevent  the  rSstal'"' *'""''"'« ''•^'''' '« 
tl-ey  meditated  an  attack  ^^  """^  ''<ivanfage,  if 


"%  fort  stand 


S 


on  tLfi  lv«i,o..i-  ^. 


|n«s,  and  was  builtln  oitS^cl^  «««» 


l-O  HISTORY  OF 

Aboutll  o'clock,thelndian»commence<l their  attack; 

and  fired  tUe  lower  block  house.    The  handful  of  men 

were  soon    ..  <lu  ^-  port,  j-b"' «'«  f^  ^^'     Tih.Z. 
duced  couMdcable  confusion  :  while  a  part  of  the  gar 

rison  .  ^.e  returning  the  fire  of  the  Jn'»>»°»' ^^  •^,7, 
were  employed  in  endeavoring  to  •''t'nS""''*'^*'*"^; ' 
butbeioJe  Sufficient  quantity  of  -f  ^"^ '-f „f X- 
eured,  the  fire  com.aumca...  to  -veral  barreU  of  J". 
key,  and  m  spite  of  every  exertion,  the  whale  bmW.ng 

wa^  enveloped  in  flame,.       This  ^  »^''':.»«%^t ' 
the  barracklaad  constituted  a  partof  the  »'"«  »"  f  [^*; 
Ihe  rfarkness  of  the  nigUt,  the  ragmg  of  **>;  »"j;''^ 
enfeebled  Bt«te  of  the  garrison,  not  more  than  15  ot 
l.,n  were  fit  for  duty,  the  cries  of  the  -™en  -<^;; J 

dren,  the  ^^^f^^^^^^'^^^ 

*\r S     re:^  ImcienTto  disn^y  the  «toute,t 

W     To  add   0  thei.-  misfortum.,  two  of  V  aMe.i 
hea.  t.     10  ana  i  ^^  .  ^^^  ^„„g 

rc:;rer'::it--.^:^^^^^ 
«-fotird!f  X  rorxI^ehu„.^.e 

irtLrythtwingoaHheroofofJ^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

progress  f  *\™"",''^7^^^  ^,s  still  a    .ance  to  de- 
convinced  his  men  t   at  theiew  a  t        „,a,y 

Ceudthemselve      .     .^/JXlta  IVV^'^^  «^ 
breast  work  acr.  s_ .  bre«^         ,^  ^  J^^  ^^^   ,.,  .^ 

:;:^^;^Sd;rthe  words  0^  cop.  j^^^n^ 

•,^enact.tU..efir«ne.^^^-^^^^_^^^^^ 

•?    tiiat  wereaaic  iiiu»u^v>. »  n^aFj,^ 

ftvcd  on  the  enemy.    The  cont.guou^ 


thcrs 


njfi  LATE  WAR 

«nd  continued  b^  hi  e"  amX  f  "  ""'  "P""  *'>'=  ""f. 
«ge  the  men  d«rinL  T^K  .'"  ""™»t*  and  eacour- 
'vhich  lasted  seve"  hoJ::  "'i  P*"-'""  "^  <"«  attack, 
•nd  two  wounded  on  the  roof  -ru  T  '"*"  "  '  '''"^'^ 
e'-al  times  i„  a  blaze  ^nlT^J,''"'''^'  *'-'™  "=^- 
<<"e  day  thej.  had  .aled  a  f    "'^*"'S"'"'<«<,  and  Ee- 

cr«s  the  breach  as  higTl   a  .nL^T'T  '"■*''^'  '^"^'^  «- 
*•»»  poured  in  a  con  tL^      '/  """''  »"'''»'  «>e  In- 
*ho.e  time.     Th.  gaTi"  1„  ,  "l  ,^''"  "'"'  »^^»-«  «'« 
*"«  fort,  on.  on  the^^r^s  tf     "!  '^°  •"*"  ^"'^^  « 
got  into  one  «f  the  iif;''!?!^':'*''.' «»<>  one  Mho 
over  the  picketa,  a„d^  Irf  "  ,  *>»  «>a8tid|„anj  fire* 
•""l  killed  an  haj^  b„TneI  V"   "  """"'^^  ""'*  •»» 
«'»^tljr,  he  wa,  sh^^dead     ^  ^^"«  *"  ''^"''P  ^^^'^  in- 

•..  %^!-'^^te7Ji"i:xfo:n!^r  ^-''  -«"•-. 

«amsoaa«dlitteralIyhe,vnt    •    ^°^''"'''  from  thi 
',  ann  broken  in  a  most  Ickin'^r "    '"'"  "^^^  »-»*. 
"'  to  the  fort  a  little  before  dav  ""'''  *""*  "•<*««* W^ 

^it  day  light  our  men  be/ran  t^  «       •  .  '^-'  '1^ 

wh,eh  induced  the  IndiaS  to^?  *'*''  •"»■•*  eTecti 


'«^, 


»72 


ihstorV  or 


jittack  on  Fort  Belle  Vue.  , 

Fort  Belle  Vue  is  situated  on  Vat  Mississippi, 
.boTC  tJ»c  mouth  of  the  IMissouri,  and  is  a  very  ineligi- 
ble situation  for  a  Foit,  as  the  parade  ground  can  be 
,,vent  by  small  arms,.nd  the  fort  is  surroundedby  chasm, 
to  witlun  ten  or  twelve  paces  of  the  piclcets  and  block 
|«use«,  which  form  complete  hiding  places  and  defences 
«i)  a  lurking  savage  foe.  ^       ^.-oi^ 

On  the  3th  of  September  1812,  at  half  past  5  P.  M. 
«,e  Rarrison  was  attaclced  by  a  party  of  Winnebagoes, 
consUti.g  as  was  supposed  of  about  300   >varnor^ 
They  found  but  one  man  outside  the  pickets  }  whom 
they  insUntly  tomahawked.    A  constant  fi'">8  onboth 
.ides  «as  kept  up  till  dark,  but  with  little  elfect.    The 
.ert  morning  they  renewed  the  attack,  burnt  several 
boats  and  be|in  to  throw  jire  on  the  block  houses  that 
gtood  near  the  bank  of  the  river,  but  not  sufficiently 
^ear  to  command  the  declivity  of  the  bank.  To  counter- 
act the  effects  of  the  fire,  syringes  were  made  of  gun 
barrels,  by  which  means  the  roofs  were  wet  so  a.  to 
SnttL  fire  taking.     In  the  course  of  the  day,  the 
'     Indians  killed  the  live  stock,  burnt  several  houses  and 
destroyed  the  corn.  On  the  7th  they  continued  throwing 
fire  brands  on  the  roofs  of  the  block  houses.     Tho 
m«ning  being  calm  all  their  ingenious  attempts  to  fire 
the  roofs  of  the  houses  failed.    Thecommandant  ot  the 
fort,  tieut.  Thomas  Hamilton,  believing  that  the  enemy 
was  «nly,waitins  a  favor  Me  wind  to  set  fire  to  the  U. 

w««  j^  .  ,.    , ,»  4^Ka  ..rVinla  (rarriAnn  must 

States  Factory  by  whicn  mcuiio  .».  ':^--^~^  ^^ 
ineviUbly  have  perished  in  a  general  conflagr*tli|f  |  ^tnt 


^""E  UTB  WAR.  ,,„ 

a  "oldiei  with  fire  to  the  f„,f       •      .  ' 

•«s  than  th^e  hou«  SiU.^^7 '"  *'  •"'*»'"«. "«« -a 

without  the  leaot  iuuTt^T^Z""''^''''"'""-^ 

in  the  course  of  the  .ttack  it  ^""''     ^  '»«'''«» 

.-f  burninj  timber  on  tie  ro„r7'^!'^'  "'  ^"'P''^- 

£7-     ^-theatt^hrVrS-^'-r*-'^^" 

PS 


^ 


>  '.•A  ■ 


my , 


mmmmmm 


'Wum'i 


»74 


HISTORY  W^ 


JExpeditm$  against  the  Indkms  qf  the  Wabash 
'^"' '  •      .  and  Iliinois. 

.  EaEI.Y  in  September  18X3,  Gen.  Hopkins  wiA 
alottt  2000  Kentucky  and  Indiana  militia,  marched  from 
Vincennes  against  the  Indians  residing  on  the  head 
watci-s  of  the  Wabash.  . 

This  army,  which  under  an  able  commander,  might 
have  kchi^  d  all  the  objects  of  the  expedition,  perform- 
ed nothing  more  than  a  long  and  a  tedioiM  mareb. 

AlthouA  the  troop*  ««e  provided  with  excellent 
lations  ;  although  the  season  was  fine,  and  the  line  oi- 
inarch  crossed  a  country  possessing  great  natural  beau- 
ties, still  the  troops  soon  manifested  a  refractory  spirit. 
Before  they  had  reached  Fort  Harrison,  great  numbers 
hadfallenoff.  Atthis  place  the  discontents  had  increas- 
ed to  an  alarming  degree,  and  the  men  contmued  to 
discharge  themselves  without  consulting  their  officers. 

On  the  IStUof  September  Gen.  Hopkins  marched 
.vithhis  .emalning  troops  from  Fort  Harrison,  and  con- 
tinued his  route  in  a  northern  direction  between  oO  and 
t)0  miles,  and  a  considerable  part  of  the  way  over  a 
prairie  covered  with  tall  dry  grass.  In  this  distance 
scarcely  a  vestige  of  the  foot  steps  of  a  savage  foe  were 
diEcoverable.  On  the  evening  of  the  4th  day  they  en- 
camped on  the  prairie  ;  the  atmosphere  was  clear,  not 
a  cloud  was  visible.  But  suddenly  there  arose  a  ^tt 
of  wind  m'pre  violent  than  any  of  them  had  ever  bflfore 
witnessed.    Soonhoweverthephenomenon was eipUun- 

ti\  by  ihe  rapid  apprwai^iux  c.n ^^   m;ir^.ii 

wu\  of  fire.    Iad«ed^  tUe  lavking  sayago»^#|^  tm 


ri' 


THE  LATE  WAK.  ,,^5 

^£i!£Z  L'lr ''  r'  **■"  ""'""^  '"^-  on  them 

ingon  the  .r.c.ZJlt      ^'""' "■"ned^toly border- 

I^Ws  formidable  eno-iiip  nf  t,.A' 
"ined  the  whole  corp,  to  efffcf  ^f '"?  '""''^"*'^'^  "'=**''- 
a»  discipline  was  eitCforttl^Sif ''^''*;  "l  ^'''''' 

Thus  nerishorf    »;*k    "  S**"«"  »f  disregarded.       - 

P«We,thek«;e,',o7l  r  '°™.''""''''^  ^--s  of  t).e 
folio,  e'd  the  e^ilf  ^"*"'"  -<*  *»«  '"P-  «hich 

«nperceived,  whenTe  Let  I^T  .  """u"  "*■  *'"^'  **'^ 
The  town  ;a.  imit^^,tred''--,H,tde.d. 

warriors  were  killed  anH  f.  '^S*"'  Twenty  liv« 
'even  white  scalp  a„dirr''  ^•"'.'"''•'  ^'^^i 
W  were  foLTn  T'J^^  '^e"  :a'^''^^r 

afterLirdeC     ^F^:  ;lf  "'^"  "^  «*  ^^'^ 
wirrior,  were  found  toonn'^  I'  ""''  *"''P'  ""'^  "« 
previously  departed  f!^  ^       *^'™  '  "^"^'^  ='«»'*»« 
movement  of  S  fltMns  ^"Tr  /  "'^""'"S  the 
'very  thing  in  the  to3  ich  h.       u"''*"  ''''^*™^*^ 
andleft  itihe  same  even^r  ""*  "'^'•y  awajy 

;::j£^t^^-^=:^TL^^ 


176  HISTORY  Of 

They  reached  the  Prophet's  town  on  the  19th  of  Novcrn^ 
ber.     The  next  he  dispatched  300  men  to  destroy  the 
Winnehago  village  lying  on  Ponce  Passu  creek.     This 
party  commanded  by  Gen.  Butler,  surrounded  the  place 
about  break  of  day,  but  found  it  evacuated.    The  tomi 
contained  about  40  houses,  many  of  them  from  30  to  50 
feet  long  5  besides  many  temporary  huts  in  the  surroun- 
ding prairie.     After  this  they  destroyed  the  Prophet  s 
town,  which  had  been  mostly  rebuilt.    Their  next  ob- 
ject  was  the  destruction  of  the  great  Kickapoo  village 
nearly  opposite  to  Tippecannoe,  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Wabash.    This  last  town  contained  I6O  houses  and 
cabins,  and  shared  the  fate  of  the  other  villages.    Great 
quantities  of  corn  were  found  either  in  the  houses  or 
buried  in  the  earth  and  covered  with  mats.    Seven  milei 
to  the  east  on  Ponce  Passu  creek,  a  party  of  Indians 
attacked  and  killed  a  gallant  soldier  of  the  name  of 
Dunn.     This  induced  a  detachment  of  60  horsemeii 
under  Lieut.  Cols.  Miller  and  Wilcox  tc  go  in  pursuit  oi 
the  Indians.    The  party  fell  into  an  ambush  and  lost  18 
of  their  number  in  killed  and  missing.     A  fall  of  snow, 
the  severity  of  the  weather  and  destitute  state  of  the 
troops  prevented  further  operatioDS-    The  army  returft. 
ed  to  Vincennes. 


Nr 


$1 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


trr 


Events  on  the  Niagara  Frontier  in  1812. 

frontier-  dSrin'tr  ^'T  movements  on  the  Niagara 
.  !.•  I.  ■  """g  the  whole  of  IRio  tl  i,  .  ^  " 
which  drew  thenublir  ,**    ?•  "     ^^-«  <"st  event 

«d  Caledonil/S  were     ^'t;'*'^'^  ''"^  ^dams 
effort  Erie,  on  tre  etr   ?!'""  ^"""^  """^'^  *>"=  S«n» 

Navj,  will  best  detail  L  *"  *'"'  •''^"•^'•■"•:^  "^  *« 

achievement.  *  "^eumstance.  of  tlusbriiii^i. 

S'K-r  have  the  honor  to  I!"/*"  ^*"^'  "'"''"'  ^■ 
morning  ofthe8thi„rtwo  «■,;"■'""  that  on  the: 
informed  were  his  JBr  tanZS   '  .  T'^''  "'^'*  ^  '^«« 
the  United  States'  b£Zl"'"''^J' ''"«  ^«*'-<»".  '"tft 

punting  ,4  guns  J  t^tilnf^'^  *''"^'«  ""*»*'"-'^ 
*«=  b"g  Caledonia,  bolh  said  tfr'''",? '•"^*^  *»  l** 
">an„ed,  came  down  the  LkP  ?  '**"  armed  and 
protection  of  fortlrir  H  .  '"'=''"'•"*  "'"^'-  *« 

sometime  and  in  a  measireinacatr"  "".  *•"'  ""**  f*"^ 
•n'ned  to  make  an  attack  ^^Hr^  employed,  1  deter, 

*ion  of  them.    .  ^    f'tl     ,     P"''"'''^  *"  ««*  P«««es, 

"".se  from  a  convictio  thft  vil" ^I"'"*  *"  *^'^  ''"^'"P* 
to  those  which  I  have  ZblV''*'';  **'<'''«''*'«  «J44 
.  should  be  able  to  mee  tfe  re  l/"'/,™  «"'»«  »»'.  » 
f"  the  upper  lakes  and  s  v  TnTlTclSr  ^"«*f-- 
labor  to  the  s^vernment  n!  "'-'''"'«hle  eipense  ai,4 
v«U  heard  that  "™  ^^men  «  7'"^='  of  tbeirarri: 
f'-om  ttis  placP  ».^  ..!1""."'.  *"••'  '""t  a  short d«ta«o# 

to  ft^ffioers'air'ecrirrerto  .f  "T'^'"='^  ''''  '"^ 


<?  meato  tlus  place,  m  Uad 


di^atch 


ir» 


HISTORY  OF 


service  to  perform.  On  their  arrival,  whicli  was  about 
12  o'clock,  I  discovered  that  they  had  only  20  pistols 
and  neither  cutlasses  or  battle  axes.  But  on  application 
to  Generals  Smith  andHall^of  the  regulars  and  militia, 
I  was  supplied  with  a  few  arms,  and  Gen.  Smith  was  so 
good  on  my  request  as  immediately  to  detach  fifty  men 
from  the  regulars,  armed  with  muskets.  ^ 

By  4  o'clock '  n  the  afternoon,  1  h^d  my  men  selected 
and  stationed  in  two  boats,  which  I  had  previously  pre- 
pared  for  the  purpose.    With  these  boats,  50  men  m  each 
and  under  circumstances  very  disadvantageous,  my  men 
having  scarcely  had  time  to  refresh  themselves  after  a 
fatiguing  march  of  500  miles,  I  put  off  from  the  mouth  of 
Buffalo  creek,  at  1  o'clock  the  following  morning,  and  at 
S,  1  was  along  side  the  vessels.    In  the  space  of  about  10 
minutes  I  had  the  prisoners  all  secured,  the  topsails 
'  sheeted  home,  and  the  vessels  under  way.   Unfortunate- 
iy  the  wind  was  not  sufficiently  strong  to  get  me  up 
against  a  rapid  current  into  the  lake,  where  I  had  under- 
8to<Hl  another  armed  vessel  lay  at  anchor,  and  1  was 
obliged  to .  m  down  the  river  by  the  Forts,  under  a  heavy 
fire  of  round,  grape  and  cannister,  from  a  numb.,  of 
piece,  of  heavy  ordnance  and  several  pieces  of  flying 
artiller  '.  .vas  compelled  to  anchor  at  a  distance  of  about 
400  yards  from  tv/o  of  their  batteries.     After  the  dis- 
charge of  the  first  gun,  which  was  from  the  flying  artil- 
kry,  I  hailed  the  shore,  and  observed  to  the  officer,  that 
If  another  gun  was  fired,  I  would  bring  the  prisoners 
«n  deck  and  e.pose  them  to  the  same  fate  v.e  would  all 
^lirejbut  notwithstanding  they  disregarded  the  cau- 
tion and  continued  a  constant  and  destructive  fire.    Mne 


•ingle  m<i^ent's  reflection  uettii 
a,n  act  that  w 


•     .1 i.  i.^  Mi^tniii^       H 


».,  _« ...«-    ould  subject  me  to  the  imputation  6f  t)ar 
^ity .    The  Cakdyma  had  beea  beached,  iR  as  $^f''  ^ 


THE  LATE  WAR.  ,^ 

S«ns  of  the  Detroit  on  „„!.    7  ''  '""""Sht  all  the 

«d  the  men  at  hem  and  a      .'  r^l*"'  "="'""y'  '*"«»"' 
«nued  as  lo„.  T,  „'         *'"**''  *  "■•«  '^Wch  was  con- 

stances  peSedn;"""?""'""  '''^*^<'  -^  -rc„m- 
get  the  Lt™  t  f;  f  ^^  ^""t**'^  endeavored  to 

being  no^tdLlr^t  ll^-""*"?  * '-e,  there 
but  the  current  bJn!       .  *^'  ""''  ^  '='"''•'  ">"«t*'^ 

the  «hore.  I^en  h'ai  17  V'*'  "'"'*  ^•""''  ""^  "-^ 
«arps  would  be  maJefl  ","'?''  *'"'  ^""'*'*«''  ^^at 
the  attempt  to  alHlf  '  ""  '"'"''  ""'^  '«"'  »»  hoard  j 
fire  was  such  as  wi,  "T  ^""^'^  "^'''*«'-  As  the 
«  a  shorttin,e  I 7:^^^  '2!h  T"!"!''"*^' *'"''  *>>«  vessel 
of  the  reach  of  the  batte  "  .     *  '"'""'  *''«  "^•"-  •"* 

the  %ing  artillej,.    I  ae  !  'r     .  '"'"^'  *  ^*'""'  ^S^'-^t 
sail  with  very  liit  airs Tf 't^  '"*  *«  cable,  made 

that  the  piiot'iji:;: ;  j^v'^U"*^"*  "^-^^-^^^^ 

about  10  minutes,  wj,en  i  wl  k       f ''™PPe<>  astern  for 
on  Squaw  Island  •  Jot  th  T     .""«''*  "P  °"  «"'  ^hor^ 
prisoners  put  i„a'„d  sent!,  T"'"'^  '""'*  '^"^y'  badlhe  ' 
officer  to  return  ?„r  melH     '"'' '""'  "'■''*''"''  '"'^^^^ 
from  thebrig.    He Td  w  "1    ' ^"""P*'*'^  ^' ^""^ get 
tr  in  thetolt's  it«nt  on  ^"'"' ""'"« to  the  difliouU 
-nder  the  counte*!  P^tThe 5"''''-      °'^°^*ring  a  .kiff 
«'e  hoat,and  uM/m/  ^t 'T""  """""'"S P^^oners ia 

«-■  «'-t  wh  J  r;i*;rrrt  t-  '"'  "^^*- ' 

covered  a  boat  with  abo,,f  Vo     ,.        '  ""*"*»*  *  ^isv 
««ie,  making forXw"'  rt  ^'"^'«'«  fio™  *«  British  ' 

8o«n  compelled  to  aband an  i    ^^  ?".*  ""  ^"■'''  •«•*  tvere         , 
a»  their  men/  nlT„-".t''''f- :^'*h  the  loss  of  nearlv        ^ 

»des:  W^the  rive"; i:;;! :"  ,r'''5  *■"«  "-o™ing  bo^ 
*■-  brig,  and  „  m«^5^J'» -»»«•?-««  «^^» 

-)    vu  ner  t^at  It  was  impossibJc 


..- t^..U....^„-,^_««M»,,- 


130  HISTORY  OK 

to  have  floated  lier.  Before  I  left  her,  she  h.id  several 
shot  of  large  size  in  her  bends,  her  sails  in  ribbons,  and 
rigging  all  cut  to  pieces. 

To  my  officers  and  men  I  feel  uader  great  obligation. 
To  Capt.  Townson  and  Lieut.  Roach  of  the  2d  regiment 
of  artille-y,  Ensign  Prestman  of  the  infantry,  CapL 
Chapin,Mr.  John  M'Comb,  Messrs.  John  Town,  Th<H 
masDain,  Peter  Overstocksand  James  Sloan,  reeident 
gentlemen  of  Buffalo,  for  their  soldier  and  sailor  Ukd 
conduct.  In  a  wo^d,  sir,  every  man  fought  as  if  wiOl 
their  hearts  animated  only  by  the  interest  and  honor  of 

their  country.  .  , 

Tlie  prisoners  I  have  turned  over  to  the  military,  i  tie 
Detroit  mounted  6  six  pound  long  guns,  a  commanding 
Lieut,  of  marines,  a  boatswain  and  gunner,  and  56  men  ; 
about  30  American  prisoners  on  board,  muskets,  pistols, 
cutlasses,  and  battle  axes.    In  boarding  her  I  lost  one 
man,  one  officer  wounded,  Mr.  John  C.  Cummings,  act- 
ing midshipman,  a  bayonet  through  the  leg  ;  his  conduct 
was  correct  and  deserves  the  notice  of  the  department. 
The  Caledonia  mounted  two  small  guns,  blunderbusses, 
pistols,  muskets,  cutlasses,  and  boarding  pikes,  12  men 
including  officers,  10  prisoners  on  board.     The  boat 
boarding  her  commanded  by  sailing  master    George 
W^tts,  who  performed  his  duty  in  a  masterly  style. 
Butone  man  killed,  and  four  wounded  badly,  I  am  afraid 
mortally.     I  enclose  you  a  list  of  the  officers  and  men 
engaged  in  the  enterprize,  and  also  a  view  of  the  lake 
and  river  in  the  differeot  si  tuations  of  attack.     In  a  day 
or  two  I  shall  forward  the  names  of  the  prisoners.    The 
Caledonia  belongs  to  the  N.  W.  Company,  loaded  with 
|v,„g.  v/ertb  I  understAnd  S200,000.  ■  . 

*''witk«entimeRts  ef  respect,  1  have  the  hon©r^te,&€« 

JESSE  D.  ELI^OT, 


0: 


THfe  LATE  WAR. 


181 


HE  events  of  the  l"!«.  n  *  , 
assemblage  of  military  foil!  ?"■  ""'"■''"  »  »t«ng« 

SIR-A,  the  movete^,f:"r"'"'  "'"'•  "'  '''^^ 
•"and,  since  I  had  last Th.  .  •'"'•>'  ""''«'•  ™y  com- 

««.  mst.  have  bel'„Tat,  ^r  ^r""™-  ^-'  -  the 
ducing  consequences  seZ^!'"""**"*  character,  pro- 
tablishing  fad  ac  »  ,  !  r^*","*"^  individuals' As- 
f'e  service  and  t.«,  safctlf^^  "*■"'  *"''  '"*^-^*  "^ 

P;»-;'e  .tIvrespo„siblefor2trof7-'""''  ''  ^ ''""^    " 
I  beg  l.^,e  to  explain  to  y„„    ",  "^J^^'l  ^»«ec,„e„ccs; 

-nr  country,  th,  Mt-,au-o.Cd  ch'cn     Z'""''"'^''  J'""'  <» 
''-•ve  had  to  act,  ...  a,  rol  '"'T ^**"^^'  ""n  which  f 
e'-ned  me  :  and  it  H,  -^.Tr    f  '"""^^^  vvhichgdv-^ 
b-nv.ished,itiss„chti::         „"!»"«•»'  --^''^  '"   e 
be  viewed,  I  shall  chcerful^^tuL  "T  '''""'  S™"'"*  ^''aH 
»ent  of  my  country.  "^  '"'"""  ™.^'^«if  to  ti.e  judg. 

S{S?^"^  -efbZ,'^:!'^!^  "ine  m,,,  ;,„^^> 
's  eie^ated  more  than  loo  fJl/  ?  ^'*^*  *>*  Niao-an      i! 

tliiMillaee     Tl"    n ''*""*'"™  t'sdeWsonl        .f  ^"^ 
ty,  is  ;„,"  1!-'^  ^.!?.»'f-    Thetransn^;?,'!.>:<^'^l'Pl'ewa. 

^«hat«  beautiful    ceneV    "*''  '"^''*  "^  «««  W^^' 


IBS 


HISTOnY  OF 


In  my  letter  of  the  8th  inst.  I  apprised  jou  that  A  cri* 
818  in  this  campaign  was  fapidly  advancing  ;  and  that, 
(to  repeat  the  same  words)  «  the  blow  must  he  soon, 
struck,  or  all  the  toil  and  expence  of  the  campaigngo 
for  nothing,  for  the  whole  will  be  tinged  with  dishonor. ^^ 
Under  such  impressions,  I  had  on  the  5th  instant, 
written  to  brigadier  general  Smyth,  of  the  United  States' 
forces,  requesting  an  interview  with  him,  major  general 
Hall  and  the  commandants  of  the  United  States'  regi- 
ments, for  the  purpose  of  conferring  .upon  the  subject  of 
future  operations.     I  wrote  major  general  Hall  to  the 
same  purport.    On  the  11th,  I  had  received  no  answer 
from  general  Smyth  ;  but  in  a  note  to  me  of  the  10th, 
general  Hall  mentioned  that  general  Smyth  had  not  yet 
then  agreed  upon  any  day  for  the  consultation. 

In  the  mean  time,  the  partial  success  of  lieutenant 
Elliot,  at  Black  Rock  (of  which,  however,  I  have  re- 
ceived no  oCicial  information,)  began  to  excite  a  strong 
disposition  in  the  troops  to  act.  This  was  expressed  to 
mc  through  various  channels,  in  the  shape  of  an  alter- 
Tiative  ;  that  they  must  have  ordem  to  act— or,  at  all 
hazards,  they  would  go  home,  I  forbear,  here,  com* 
tnenting  upon  the  obvious  consequences,  to  me,  person- 
ally, of  longer  withholding  my  orders  under  such  cir- 
cumstances. 

I  had  a  conference  with ,  as  to  the  possibility 

t)f  getting  some  person  to  pass  over  to  Canada,  and  ob- 
tain correct  information.  On  the  morning  of  the  4th, 
he  wrote  to  me  that  he  had  procu  red  the  man,  y^  ho  bore 
his  letter  to  go  over,  Instnictions  were  given  him  ;  he 
passed  over— obtained  such  information  as  warranted 
^_  :^^e'i;«»+«  n4fa''t-    This  was  confidently  communi- 

t^i    iiiil.i-wV---- --"-    «i«-  i'  ^ 

cAttd  to  several  of  my  firs:  officeis,  and  produced  gtlat 


THE  LATE  WAR.  „, 

preparation,  i„  1  "  „!  ■■'^'*[*  '^°"*'"--     '^•''«  l-^^t 

'»%  t..e  ene„aa\:;.f :rir'  -r"'  *-  ^^- 

possess  ourselves  of  the  vilut!     i      ^'•^«'"^t<'«i,  and 

be  sheltered  from  tJ  1  ,rT'-        "*'''' '™"1'-^  ""■s''« 
weather.  *"*  •''»^'««'*'«g  ii^c'cicncj;  of  The 

••-dtobe^pi^ra  rt«tor?r''''  '^''^''  °^- 

were  also  gent  gen  Smvih?  .  ^'"ga'''*-  Onfirg 
»«chdetachmentofwT{  '!!''"''•''''''"  ^"""  B»»ilo, 
ces  In  that  vie  „L  J^fir^'*  ''^  '^'^^-S  circumst..,,.' 

have  been  made  au  "  t  ."'"'''■^k '*    ^'"*  '"'"^'^  ^-»'  *" 
by  crossing  over  in  bolt, Vi' """""'"S  "^ "'«  ^ «'', 

the  heightf  To  aSlltl  *'"  ""''  ^'"'^  °PP-"e 
the  river  („hich  is  here  Hlf  7"'^ '"*  '»  «=^''^«i''e 
rienced  boatmen  were  n   *'^*°f  "»!«•»*  eddies)  expe! 

the  landing  beW  I  heX^VeVf  V*"*  '"'"^  f-« 
^'.-n  was  considered  the  man  of  the         "*""*•    ^'^''*-' 
th.6  service-he  went  a  h^^j  1,       f  *"*^*  ^I'"'  for 
»ess,  passed  the  intendSC V"  ""^ '^^'•^"'e  d«ft- 
■We,in  a  most  extraordintv  mT  "' *'* '•'^'''- '  »«<1 
boat  to  the  shore,  and  aba»do„?j  n"T'  ^'''"''^'^  hh 
*/««/ro««J<,„«  he  had  carried"       .'  "^'^'^cimient.    I„ 
-as  prepared  for  aUthe"^t"'^,^^'^,«'-T  oar,  .hid. 
lemma,  stood  officers  and  Si^n     \         «Sonizi„g  ^j. 
been  cooled  b^  exposu.*  ttoS  tl  " ,''"'"'  '"^'^  "'t 
Most  tremeadous  north  «»,!!*  '"^''*  *»  <">«  of  the  • 

•"iabated.fortw.n<!  l!!''  ^^'"^''  'vhich  confinlli" 

^     ®^  extinguished  4ver^ 


M4  lUSTORY  OF 

prospect  of  sweccss,  and  the  detuchment  returned  t* 
camp.    Col.  Van  Rensselaer  was  to  have  commanded 

the  detachment. 

After  this  result,  I  had  hoped  the  patience  of  the.  troops 
^voultl  have  continued  until  I  could  submit  the  plan  sug- 
gested in  my  letter  of  the  8th,  that  1  might  a^-t  under 
and  iu  conformity  to  the  opinion  which  might  be  then 
expressed.  But  my  hope  was  idle  :  the  previouBly  ex- 
cited ardor  seemed  to  have  gained  new  boat  from  the 
late  miscarriage— the  brave  were  mortified  to  stop  short 
of  their  object,  and  the  timed  thought  laurels  half  won 

by  the  attempt. 

"  Oil  the  morning  of  the  12th,  such  was  the  pre.'iure 
nmn  me  from  all  quarters,  that  I  became  satisli.  X  that 
my  refusal  to  act  might  involve  me  in  suspici  a  '  nd  tHe 

servne  in  disgrace.  ,    ,   n    i  • 

¥li.  wing  affairs  at  Buffalo  as  yet  unsettled,  I  had  im- 
mv'X^M^-f  countermanded  the  march  of  general  Smyth  a 
Ir  aaae,  upon  the  failure  of  the  first  expedition  5  but 
having  now  determined  to  attack  Queenstown,  1  sent 
i,ew  orders  to  general  Smyth  to  march;  not  with  the 
view  of  his  aid  in  the  attack,  for  I  considered  the  force 
detached  sufficient,  but  to  support  the  detachment  should 
the  conflict  be  obstinate  and  long  continued.         . 

l.iouto.ant  colonel  Christie,  who  ^-.^  3-  arnved  a 
the  Four  Mile  Creek,  had  late  in  the  night  of  the  tiist 
contemplated  attack,  gallantly  offered  me  his  owa  and 
his  meu's  services  ;  but  he  g^t  my  permission  too  a^. 
He  now  again  came  forward,  had  a  conference  with 
colonel  Van  Rensselaer,  and  begged  that  he  might  ha^. 
the  honor  of  a  command  in  the  expedition.    Ihe  ar 

^"  .A.,      rnlor^pl  \an  Rensselaer  was  to 

ran&ement  wii3  "iK--'—     -         ,  ,   ,.     ^     ««+ 

to  command  one  column  of  300  militia }  and  Ueutenant 


u 


THE  LATE  WAR.  ..- 

'>ioiu^Chmtie  a  column  .  ^ 

ai-  trow^  ..  *®  ^*»»^  "umber  of  regu- 

thf;:«tSl;r-f».>tea  ^    to  boats,  ana 

*'"  n.    At  an  early  ho„  IT     Tl-  '""="  '"  """"g* 
Christie  marched   hi  H  ?    u''  "'=''*'  ''*"'«''»»'  colonel. 
f-mNiagaratt,':      "t'ffS  "^  «•«  -r  road, 
colonel  Stranalian's  re  -^        •      "'<>  evening  lieutenant 
-at  8  o'cloclt,  Moa-  h™*"'  ^'''«""  ''""s 

Blan's  regiment  ma.  ,  r  .v '  '""*'"'"'*  colonel 
were  in  camp  in  good  ,1*™"'*«  'a^e  place.  All 
"sued  upon  this  occasion  Z  f»^'f'"^  *°  "'^  °^''«" 
over  together ;  as  soon  a  'tth  .'"''""'"  ^'"^  ^  !»** 
'ieutenant  cobnel  Fenw  cJs  fl!'^  "  '!"""*'  "*  ^"'''*'>' 
«ver;  then  major  m"^,^'?^^'""'^^''^  *»?"«» 
and  the  other  t.^„p,  t^S^  ^^^^^^  -at  of  regulars  ; 

At  dawn  of  day  the  boats  wereTn   '".H- 
troops  commenced  embarking,  !i     ?"''"'«»'  «»'d  the 
•nanding  battery  mriu„7i„t  tf/  f"  **  "^""'^  <"■»  «««- 
two  sixes.    The  movem"f/""  *'«''«*«»  P«"«<lera  and 

Wsk  fire  of  musquetTv  S  !"'  '??  '''^'°*'«'-*^'  »»«'  » 
of  the  Canada  sho^e.^r  ^  ^  1/""  **  *>••'«  ""e 
the  shore  5  but  it  was  for  V„  *     ^  *'''"  "P<^»«<'  *»  ««  ecp 
rect  much  fire  with ^ttt     17"*'''  *-  '^^  *"  <« 
now  opened  up„u  the  boats'  fr^J'T     '''»''°»"«de  was 

';;--o«r  batte'ry  returned  ^  J  "Id '^""^  "'""^ 
threw  grape  upon  the  sbor^      I       '      **  occasionally 

f  "s  from  a  Lai™  :'   f"'/"  """  '^'-^  -^^ 
Scott,  of  the  artillery,  by  hLtL    '  ,'°""^'*-     ^^"'""el 
»gara  Falls  in  the  nii^t  arrif^  ^  ^  '"'  "'""=''  fr»»'  Ni- 
*«emy's  fire  with  2  si.  ^o^^^s'"  ^"'^'o"  to  return  the       j 
ne  boats  were  soin<.„  1,..  ._/.  ' 

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Photographic 

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Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


186  HISTORY  OF 

BonsscUer,  with  about  100  men,  soon  eHected  his  land- 
in"  amidst  a  tremenduous  fire  directed  upon  liim  from 
every  point ;  but  to  the  astonishment  of  all  ^l>o  witness- 
edthescenfe^thisvanof  the  column  advanced  slowlj' 
against  the  fire.  It  was  a  serious  misfortune  to  the  van 
and  indeed  to  the  whole  expedidon,  that  in  a  few  min- 
utes after  landing,  col.  Van  Rcnsselear  receiveil  four 
woundg~a  ball  passed  through  his  right  thigh,  entering 
iust  below  the  hip-bone-anothcr  shot  passed  through 
the  same  thigh,  a  IHtle  below-the  thii-d  through  the 
calf  of  his  left  leg^-and  a  fourth  contused  his  heel.  1  his. 
was  quite  a  crisis  irt  the  expedition.  Under  so  severe  a 
fire  H  was  difficult  to  form  raw  troops.  By  some  mis- 
management of  the  boatmen,  lieut.  col.  Christie  did  not 
^rive  until  some  time  after  this,  and  was  wounded  in 
the  hand  in  passing  the  river.  Col.  Van  Rensselear 
,va9  still  able  to  stand ;  and  with  great  presence  of  m.ml 
ordered  hisoflicers  toproceed  with  rapidity  and  storm  the 
fort.  This  service  was  gallantly  performed,  and  the  en- 
emy driven  dow«  the  hill  in  every  diieetion  Soon  al- 
ter^ both  parties  were  reinforced,  and  the  conflict 

was  renewed  in  various  places-many  of  the  enemy 
took  shelter  behind  a  stone  guard  1«>»^<=' ;^'>7^;j'"^ 
of  oidnancewas  now  briskly  served.    I  ordered  the 
fire  of  our  battery  directed  npon  the  ^ard  house  ;  and 
it  was  go  effectually  done,  that  >Mth  8  or  10  shot  the 
irwa?  silenced.    The  enemy  then  retreated  behind  a 
Wo  stone  house ,  but  in  «  short  time  the  route  became 
'e  feral,  and  the  enemy's  fire  was  silenced  except  from 
Lnegnn  battery,  80  ftr  down  the  liver  as  to  be  out 
of  the  reach  of  ouv  heavy  ordnance  and  our  light  p.ew*. 
eould  not  silence  it.    A  number  of  boats  now  p»ffj« 
OOT  uB^npoyea  except  Uv)m  ihe  yuv  ans».v»vv-.  |,-^. 


:<^^ 


XHE  JLATE  WAR. 


i8r 


For  some  tinje  after  I  had  passed  over,  the  victory  an 
t»  lieut.  To'tten/oJr  ;:     7  "^fv    """""'V 

Hfie  and  hayoaet.    Bv  this  timB   r  „„      •     ,  •' 

^vere  embarking  very  sb"  ,    ,  "'     P?'."''"'"!.'"^  *'»«?» 
to  accelp-,t„  «    •    ^  •  '    '""*'=•'  immediately  over 

::Xfrhy '^  *'^^^-.  ^^^  ^  ^""-e 

At  this  time  a  large  reinforcement  from  Fort  Geor«. 
«.rc  djscovercd  coming  „p  the  river.    A.,  le  b^   e?^ 

niorti8cation  that  „„         f        *^""'"'«  to»yinflih-to-; 

anAlwwin-  that  ThTr  '**"''"  ='""™*n«S* 

am*.^."!l.  f*  ^^  ''™^«  »<=»  oftheheiffht»«W-* 
'- .^»«««  auu  „ea„7  o«t  of  w,««aLtion;,«jri 


18B  HlS*rORVOF 

could  do  was  to  send  them  a  fresh  supply  of  cartridges. 
At  this  critical  moment  I  dispatched  a  note  to  gen.  Wads- 
worth,  acquainting  him  with  our  situation— leaving  the 
course  to  be  pursued  much  to  his  own  judgment— with 
assurance  that  if  he  thought  best  to  retreat,  I  would 
endeavour  to  send  as  many  boats  as  I  could  command, 
and  cover  his  retreat  by  every  fire  I  could  safely  make. 
But  the  boats  were  dispersed— many  of  the  boatmen  had 
fled,  panic  struck— and  but  a  few  got  off.    But  my  note 
could  but  little  more  than  have  reached  gen.  AV.  about  4 
o'clock,  when  a  most  severe  and  obstinate  conflict  com- 
menced  and  continued  about  half  an  hour,  with  a  tre- 
mendous fire  of  cannon,  flying  artillery  and  musketry. 
The- enemy  succeeded  in  repossessing  their  battery ; 
and  gaining  advantage  on  every  side,  the  brave  men 
who  had  gained  the  victory,  exhausted  of  strength  and 
ammi»uition,  and  grieved  at  the  unpardonable  neglect  of 
IheirMlW  soldiers,  gave  up  the  conflict. 

I  can  only  add  that  the  victory  was  really  won  5  but 
lost  for  the  want  of  a  small  reinforcement.  One  Hard 
part  of  the  idle  men  might  have  saved  all. 

I  have  been  so  prest  with  the  various  duties  of  burying 
the  dead,  providing  for  the  wounded,  collecting  the  pub- 
lic property,  negociating  an  exchange  of  prisoners,  and 
all  the  concerns  consequent  of  such  a  battle,  that  I  have 
not  been  able  to  forward  this  dispatch  at  as  early  an 
hour  as  I  could  ha^e  wished.    I  shall  soon  forward  you 
another  dispatch  in  which  I  shall  endeavor  to  point  out 
to  you  the  conduct  of  some  most  gallant  and  deserving 
officers.    But  I  cannot  in  justice  close  this  without  ex- 
pressing the  very  great  obligation  I  am  under  to  J^ga- 
dier  general  Wadsworth,  colonel  Van  Renssel^erf^jol. 
Scott,  Ueuteftani  colott«i8  v.^^^**^^ 


CMAV 


THE  LATE  WAR,  «. 

e«ptain  Gibson.    Manv  /.*!.«      u 
J«''"^.    As  Ihave  reason      h,*''  u^'"  ""^'''^  «»'■ 
troops  fled  to  tllToZTllttTl  '■■'*  ""^"^  °f  °«'- 
■ivcr,  I  have  not  Ten  aUe  t  T'  °^  "'"'''"^^  "'« 

ber  of  killed,  wounZ  *'■''  *''*'  P'"''*'''^  »•»». 

0-  troops  r^JZtZ  Cr^ -,  ^\^,  ^'^^''ter  of 
cne™^  have  suffered  severely  '=»°'''le«ble.    A«4  th» 

^  On  the  .3d  of  Octobers;  vfHR™^^^"- 
following  additional  pa-tkuU  J?!  f^      "1" «"'*  *''«- 
letter  .adressed  to  Gov  iSpU^:""'  "'"'"'''"'  ^"^ 

»nd  tVSrScrcfre  T-^  t'^"  ''^''"^  *"  "-". 
J-=/a  n„„.bf  office  ft?'  »««"«  t^-youre^el! 
action  would  have  rSed!  e"::  S"^'^  "^*"*' 
«oId.^.  a..l  entitles  them  to^l  e  ir  T"  '"*"*"' 
lencj  oad  the  gratitude  of  fh-  '  *  "^J""""  «««!-» 

«T,.      _,     »"-""*' °*  tncir  country        •*  ' 

••ocisian,  in  all  ti.e  vicfs   tle^of  &'  ""'?'"  '"^ 
he  was  fortunate  enouirh  iT  *"^  '  ^"''  A'f«»g!i 

S^>-ment  had  he  on  buf  hen        *"  '^"'""Js.f catM)/ , 
''"""■•-We  t^stimo";        "  '^'"'  *''""■  »"«  ^^'k  o? 

fi;^t'i^'£::!t;:.:-7*'-«-th„at,an;,i 

% -n  of  the  first%",;;  -     .:    S'r';/"--  He  M 
fl^^hen  foar  wonnri.         '-^^"g'i  ^  very  severe  lire, 

i?i'-.ders  ,r  2:ir  tif'r  r  «*'''»^' "^  ■ 

;«fw..pera.„„ed.  M^ori:;n;;:i:;;;;rvZ: 


'vf 


St 


100 


HISTORY  OF 


tcer  aid,  and  his  courage  and  conduct  on  the  field  were 
highly  honorable  to  a  young  officer. 

«<  Lieut.  Colonel  Bloom  was  early  in  the  action  and 
when  a  wound  obliged  him  to  retire  from  the  field  h« 
persevered  in  efforts  to  urge  on  reinforcements. 
-  «  Lieut.  Colonels,  Allen,  Stranahau  and  Mead  exert- 
cd  themselves  to  get  as  many  of  their  men  as  possible 
to  the  field,  and  faced  the  enemy  to  the  last. 

.«  Major  Spencer  aid  de  camp  to  Gen.  Wadsworth,  i» 
in  all  respects  an  exxellent  officer,  and  his  conduct  on 
the  field  was  honorable.'* 

Thus  for  the  account   of  General  Van  Rensselaer, 
which  was  written  before  he  had  an  opportunity  to  com- 
municate with  the  officers  who  had  shared  the  various 
fortunes  of  the  day,  and  who  alone  were  in  possession 
of  a  knowledge  of  facts  and  circumstances  sufficient  to 
furnish  a  correct  detail.     Major  General  Van  Rensse- 
laer  was  rather  the  spectator,  than  the  commander,  of 
the  movements  of  our  troops.    No  event  of  the  war  it 
more  involved  in  obscurity,  than  the  battles  of  Queens- 
town.    In  order  to  throw  all  possible  light  on  this  dark 
rabject,  it  will  be  necessary  to  give  sevei-al  distinct 
statements,  even  at  the  risk  of  a  repetition.    The  fol- 
lowing  extract  from  the  journal  of  a  Cayuga  Captain  ol 
Militia,  will  furnish  many  interesting  particulars. 
Extract  from  the  Journal. 
October  10, 1812,  4  o^clock  P.  M.    Col.  Bloom  re- 
ceived orders  from  Gen.  Van  Rensselaer,  to  march  with 
his  Regiment  for  Lcwistown,  at  2  o'clock  the  next 

morning.  ..4:;^*ll*- 

October  11,  at  2  o'clock  A.  M.    Commenci^f^ 

svjarch^  it  had  rained  for  some  time  before  we  had  W^Z 

©i-having  proceeded  two  and  a  half  miles,  we  f#ti^ 


!3-C 


.^lj#if- •.-.,-■ 


THISLAIE  War. 


ih 


m 


e  rain 


•r  soon  received  orders  to  return 7  "'' '  ''"  ''<'*"■ 

Chester.  The  object  of  This  L™  °"'"  "-''"P'  »*  Man- 
*acked  the  enem/at  davb  ;ara?o""  '^"^  *»  ♦»^«  «*' 
ram  frustrated  tlie  plan  Th„ '  "^.^^-^en^town  5  but  th« 
^Jaj.  '^     •    ^''«  '•aw  continued  all  thi. 

''hen,  agreeabfe  to  oZZtn  f  """P  *'"  ^  °'*='''«''  ?•  M. 

^^^«eed  ot  out^rtnJ  ^T'r  "h"  '  "''='-'"  ^- 

rven  for  crossing  the  Niacar.  ,  J  .'  '*''*"  ""^"^  were 
•m-edatthe  l^ver,  aS'^^"r^'"S*««''«»y5 
th'rteen  Boats  at  the  r^er  a  L  t  ""•  "•  *<"••'  ^''re 
lars  and  Militia  embarked  Y^T"*  "^ »«  ««««. 
"jy  companjr  ««  fhe„  .,, '  ,  .^  ''f  ""''•'ged  to  wait  with 

the^nemj^'s  fire;  several ^e^el^n  T  '"«■•«  «-Po^ed  to 
he  water's  edge.    Onlj.  th«e  bo^    '.""'  '"''""^^  »* 

;::ire:^^--4a„Ll7:rs.S:? 

'««« them,  and  led  then,  t„\      '.'""'''"•«''«<>«»  ml 
•"Xjk,  but  receiving  a  small  Jlr  "'"^^e  ,•  our  men  fell 

•ndrenewed  the  a! tact  Gen  i^'t'"''  ''''^  "hout 
McDonald,  both  fell.  ,„d  1  '  B™'^  and  his  Aid,  Col. 
ever;y  direction.    AbouM    ^t  /'''  *'"'"'P«  »•*  Aed  in 

Mp  and  Indianfhad  icSt^-  ""• ''"  "^"^^ 
•»f  J»>«e„cedo„  us. fi..,::l!:l"r'"'«-'"e force, 

— -.v.,*ere  completely  rout«L      "' "'"  *"*"■ '  "^ort 


,1^  HISTORY  OF 

Scarcely  had  wc  gained  this  second  victory,,  when  a 
large  reinforcement  of  Regulars  was  seen  to  apfWch 
towards  us  from  Fort  George  5  they  gained  allWcir 
points  about  4  o'clock,  P.  M.  which  were  as  follows  :— 
Their  light  Artillery,  consisting  of  five  pieces,  was 
posted  on  our  right  flank.    Their  Regulars  in  front  of 
«ur  line ;  while  their  Militia  and  Indians  were  endeav- 
ouring  to  surround  our  left.    Thus  situated,  Gen.  Wads- 
worth  called  a  council  of  war.    It  was  deemed  prudent 
that  we  should  retreat  to  a  better  position.     The  ene- 
my immediately  opened  on  us  a  heavy  fire,  which  con- 
tinued for  about  half  an  hour,  when  wc  were  compelled 
to  surrender,  prisoners  of  war.    The  Indians  did  not 
however  directly  cease.     Several  murders  were  com- 
mitted.   One  of  our  officers  in  particular,  while  in  the 
act  of  t>frering  his  sword  and  commission  to  a  British 
officer,  and  soliciting  his  protection,  fell  by  the  blow  of 
e  tomahawk.    A  number  of  our  men,  being  determined 
not  to  surrender,  plunged  into  the  Niagara,  intending 
to  swim  across ;  some  were  shot,  others  drowned,  and 
«nly  three  reached  the  American  shore.    We  were  ta- 
ken  to  the  village  of  Queenstown.     Feelling  anxious  to 
render  some  assistance  to  my  wounded  comrades,  I  made 
application  to  return  to  the  field  of  battle ;  it  was  giant- 
ed.    Capt.  Hattofthe  British  Ai-tillery,  accompanied 
me.     The  first  place  we  went  to,  was  a  small  flat  on 
the  margin  of  the  river,  where  we  first  landed  ;  there 
lay  16  or  17  of  our  men  dead  ;  the  first  two,  Itowever, 
that  we  came  to,  were  wounded  ;  one  of  them  expired, 
the  other  I  removed  to  a  log  house,  standing^ear: 
while  thus  employed,  the  Indians  descende<f mv1)?ink 
tieai'  where  I  was,  and  commenced  the  most  onl^d  of 
cruelties,  tomaliawking,  scalping,  and  strippii^  p«^d 


THE  LATE  1VAR. 

J»0(lieg  of  the  A  ^^ 

*!#  The  I„,Ji,„,  C  b  e„  h?"f /"■"=  "^  ^»«'  »- 

*'Sht  of  horror  -  and  I  Lv.^  ''*'^"'"*  "^-    "  '^as  a 

^O'ne  of  our  wounded  ZhTl  """T  *°  ^''^'"'^  t'-ot 

'"^br  these  savage  heliJn?  7  ""'TS'"  *"  ""  ""«melj.. 

7''7  the  Indians  we  e  Ir  ,'^'-,    (  ''''■*'^  ^"P*'  "^« 

•'ead  bodies  of  our  Le^  Perm.tted  thus  to  mutilate  the 

«>en  turned  on  the  mannp/     J  ''"  '""versation 

■Jicnt.    Capt.  Ha*f  T         "'"'  ™'""  "^  the  enga-e- 

^'■'-at  reason  he  J  Id  f  !''*^*  ""''"<"•'  ^  "'kitt  hi,„ 

ttat  he  was  apprfs  d  „f      '"'''  "^  ''^'«'"  ^  ««  replied! 

'•am  prevented  voux":  "^  "'  ^"PP"^"  ^^e  heavr 
?»«  at  the  time';  did  Tl"  """"''''  "O-ur com^ 
'"Sb',  and  hence  you  na'v  1  "^  Po^^itions  accMd- 

^""r  boats,  in  yoilTl^.T'":':'  '^""  *'">  =«^«"-« '«'«  of 

('vounded  exceptcdUad  t.  '""'  *''"*  **  P'-'souer,.^ 

J  -as  put  in  dLll  It::;!  rr^'',*''  ^'"•'  «-rge: 

forborne  time  on  the  events  of  t,  "''  ''"^'"a  ■•'=««'=t«d 
follow, I  Uy  dow„  on  tiSflc  *  h  '^' "'""  "''^* should 
two  nights  before,  and  havi„:;'^^  '"'"«  '-''  »«  r^st  for 
*ont.„uall,-  for  48  hours,  I  s„"o  . tV"  ,'"^  '''''*  '"'»'•** 
awake  till  next  moruino-.  '^'^  "*'*'=?  «"'!  did  not  - 

i  he  Indians  liad  been '-.^i- 

,     Ocwfe/,4.    rlr,  "^^ »"/]  "'ations.  ■^' 

'    '^  "^'""'odies  of  the  fliea  , 


.-. .  i 


,.,j4  HISTORY  OF 

.U„hadfalUnthedaybef«re,l/mgnakedon«U^grou«d, 

nhite  with  frost,  fopd  for  bog8  and  dogs,  '"'"^^  JT 
actually  running  among  them.  Th«y  7«^*' J""^.' 
partially  buried  the  next  day,  after  which,  I  was  remo 

ved  to  Fort  George.  .  ,     ,.    v   i  k.-n  v;Hed 

0„TOBEK  15.    An  Indian  chief,  ^h»  1^»'».^/'*".^"^J 

in  the  battle  of  the  13th,  was  tuned  with  nuhtaiy 

^"T''  ifi     General  Brock  and  Col.  M'Donald 

OcTOBEK   16.    uenerai  Diww  41,;.  ,i,„  ,pnt  to 

,vere  buried.    The  regular  troops  w^re  th.s  day  sent  to 

'^  o!tobek  17.    The  MilHia  were  all  paroled,  and  pa- 
sed  over  to  Niagara.  Ampricam 

The  chief  cause  of  the  ^-^'^-^'''^Zi!^^  ~Z 
.rms  in  the  attack  of  the  enemy  on  the  Uth,  appears  to 
Ce  been  the  neglect  to  provide  a  sufficient  number  of 
tol  To  convfy  nearly'3000  men  across  a  deep,  w.de 
i:d;apiLtream,Uyt;uW«»  boats  were  p^ov.d^^^^ 

although  a  competent  number  w<=re  strewed  along 
road,  but  a  few  miles  distant. 

(rther  causes  operated  adversely.  The  greater  part 
«f  the  troops  reached  Lewistown  by  forced  marches, 
rXuheTvy  rains.    A  suitable  quantity  o^amniun.^^^^^^^^ 

had  not  been   -^Meadt  /.StentT  a  a^^^^^  on 
nels    Stranalian    and   Mead  s   repuueuts 
the  morning  of  the  13th,  these  officers  immedui  ely   a  - 
led  on  tlie  commanding  General  and  infmmed  him  tha 
SeirLen  were  in  no  situation  to  go  into  an  engagement  5 
SSng  marched  through  an  -essant  ra.n,  they 
M^'^et  a^d  fatigued  ;  that  their  arms  wei^  pt  fit  for 
Siate use ;  thtt they  hadnot    supply  of  am-nibon, 
.and,  that  many  were  even  d«§t.iuv.  ^.  ^.^^  7  ,,  >«i^nw 
and  othi^r  necessary  equipments.    They  wished  to  know 


THE  LATE  VTAH.  ^ 

«es,  replied   <hat  he  shoiiW  delay  it  no  Jftni^^r     'i . 
e„  .ppUea  for  .n.u..itio„,  aXre  a!Zi  «/S 

led  atti        ''""'"''  '*"«  '">"  »'*fo'«  Joj-     They  cZ 
were  1:  T.?*""  *'""'' """  "»"«  ha.l  arrived.    T^l 

•enai,  some  distance  from  the  camn      vvk      .1 

was  one  hour  abov*  ih.u    ■        ^  ^'    ^^'"="  *''«  "■» 

t7  supply  J  ""'""'  "'•'*'"•"«''  '^i"' «  «c«.». 

ttWrfTet°roor?""  •""  ''""'"^»*"'''  '«"»-  <"'« 
of  boats  rtVrrr.lirr''"'-  ^^  *>■««">«"  n«mbcr 
dered  unmanalabifl  *  T'  '"'"'  '""'' '  »«'ers  ren- 
tal of  rei": :  .lur;!-':  *"  '-"^  ^*-->- 

became  irresolute ;  fe^   ould  b   fo„"d  h"?*'' '  "*'"="• 
remain  at  their  posts.  "'"'-^  '"""S'' «» 

point  assigned  C  h''S  VT!'  l"  '"'"'  «*  «'« 
and  the  greater  cart  ofh;=  .        *'*"  '^ounde.^, 

tbe  ver/onse:?ft1ttrre:r  edt  T""^"'  ^* 
the  day.  '  P'^**''Sea  the  disasters  of 

The  want  of  a  common  comm.rnder  01,  tbeCn.^-  ^ 
side,  was  severely  felt  •  for  i*  u  „    j     .  '-anadian 

the  militia  officers,  g;!!,  w7'l, ?"""«'''*''**  "^^ 
cMe<S    Col.  Scott,  nri.,1  r,..to-:"'  .^r'»""'«"  in 
^  ,  however,  Captauig  Wool,  M.Icolia> . 


l9o 


HISTORY  OF 


Armstrong,  Og'ilvie  and  l.ieut.  Randolph,  independent- 
ly commanded  their  several  companies. 

One  of  the  enemy's  batteries  remained  unsilenccd,. 
during  the  whjlc  day.     It  was  situated  a  little  below 
Queenstown  village,  on  the  dec:ivity  of  the  elevated 
bank— the  cTect  of  this  battery  was  terrible,  as  it  \s  as^   . 
admirably  served,  and  at  once,  annoyed  our  men  on 
the  American  side,  and  the  boats  as  they  attempted  to 
cross.     Major  Olmstead  of  Col.  Bloom's  regiment  of  N. 
Y.  militia,  proposed  to  General  Wadsworth,  that  if  he 
would  furnish  liim  100  men,  he  would  answer  for  the 
capture  of  that  destructive  battery,    llis  request  was 
refused,  and  perhaps  with  reason. 

The  killed  and  wounded,  were  for  a  considerable  part 
of  the  action,  sent  back  to  the  American  side,  and  placed 
in  full  view  and  hearing  of  the  men  who  were  waiting  to 
cuoss-.  This  spectacle  added  to  the  total  ^'ant  of  con- 
cert,  discij-line  and  means  to  pass  the  river,  was  suf- 
ficicnt  to  determine,  even  a  brave  man,  against  a  useless 

exposure  of  life. 
Another  cause  combined  its  disorganizing  influence 

witli  the  general  fatalities  of  the  enterprize. 
i-^Aliout  one  fourth  of  the  detached,  or  drafted  Mditia, 
k^vupaii  the  banks  of  Niagara,  were  the  ''friends  of 
jjeace,"  who  felt  constitutional  scruples  against  crossing 
•  tlie  U.  S.  frontiers,  whether  in  pursuit  of  a  British  or  a 
gavage  foe.    It  was  in  vain  that  general  Van  Rensselaer 
impressively  appealed  to  the  patriotism,,  the  courage 
and  pride  of  these  bsnevolent  disciples  of  peace.     There 
^as  indeed  a  few  honorable  exceptions ;  but  the  gi-eater 
part  with  stoical  apathy,  remained  cold  specta^:  of 
the  sansuiuary  scene  :  for  they  came  not  to  fighi  ib  en- 
emy, but  to  paralize  the  movements  of  our  troogs  by 


■  * 


't'Vf' 


197 


THE  LATE  War 

P-mulgating  their  „e.  r.n,Ua  „o"lio„.  Z  ^J'^ 

"vaged  your  fiel-I.illr''  '"*""  """  ^'"•8"' 

eognized  bv  no  itovermn»„*     ^  ^         discovery,  re- 

.ncient  or  modefntTm™      ''"''•'''''' '•^''"  P«°P'«  »^ 
It  IS  impossible  to  foros'.Cit  «,!,.♦        x         . 

moment  an  ene«^  ma.  a«P™\  i"  '~'"'*'  "*'*  **  ^^'t 
y«u  may  expect  himT/Mfee *'"  T""""'-  ^■''"« 
at  another.    Nothinir l?i  "'•™=*"'"'  hemayMgail  you 

ber  or  unnerrrre^fe  ".'""''  *"  •"""»'*  ^l"  "-•»- 

.nthepassaeandhandXr^dSn^^^^^^  •"*"  '* 
observation.  Such  was  the  rmrofHll"  "'"'"  "' 
autumn  of  1813;  and  !♦.  ,-.1-  "*■"?*»»  m  tile 

i-d  b   •„,  or^::4;ite:r '^  --  '•"--^- 

ousb'ir't^etrto-I.l^tr.^^^^^^^^^^^  state, 

hundred  thousand  men  cou^d-^^  cTer  J, ''  ."^  '  ^'"^ 
ed  frontiers,  if  collected  upon  the  hl^  *'"''  "*««»- 
apathy,  sickness  and  death    fh.         ''":''  "'^*'«"8  « 

-  -e«y,  who,avSinrh  ;s?frhr*^^''''p'"*"*  <»f 

of  war,  and  numerous ''sarear,L*'^r."'  "^^ 
time  and  point  of  invasion.  <=<>"W  ohoose  his 

The  most  implacable  enemy  to «...  Inj        ^  * 

"^■ng  greatness  of  AmericaTL^ul'rJ"^"''*''''**"* 
-ore  destructive  to  her  gro,^  „„  "  h  '"  '  '^'**"' 
eastence.  ^    ^'  """«  dangerous  to  her  . 

^  --"••—"'*!  ^«?H  WM  pUced  in  ,  b»tt«ry  p» , 


1l98 


HISTORY  OF 


the  American  shore  5  because  there  %YaJ  no  means  pr»- 
tided  for  conveying  their  artillery  over  the  river.  It 
opened  its  fire  with  spirit  and  effect,  at  day  break,  un- 
aer  the  direction  of  captains  Towson  and  Barker. 

Col.  Scott  passed  over  about  8  o'clock  in  the  worn- 
ina,  having  been  ordered  to  take  tJie  command  of  the 
whole  ofthe  troops  engaged,    BntGeneral  Wad»worth,, 
either  with  or  without  orders,  had  previously  crossed,  so 
that  Col.  Scott  was  obliged  to  confine  his  orders  to  the 
resular  troops,  who  amounted  to  nearly  two  hundred, 
and  fifty  men.    With  this  handful  of  heroes,  he  accom- 
pushed  all  that  valor  could  perform,  or  skill  devise ;  he 
las  constantly  exposed.   He  was  in  full  uniform,  and 
rfaeigantic  stature  5  of  course  a  conspicuous  mark  for 
the  skill  of  the  Indians  and  Glengary  sharp  shooters. 
He  was  advised  by  an  officer,  to  lay  aside  his  dress. 
«  No,"  said  he  smiling,  'f  I  wiUdie  in  my  robes.      Al- 
ter our  troops  had  surrendered,  an  Indian  came  up  to 
,  „eol.  Scott,,  and  attentively  surveying  him,  said,  -  You 
nikre  notbom  to  be  shot-so  many  times'M^oW'ng  "P 
4  1?  «11  the  fingers  of  both  hands  to  count  ten,)—"  so  many 
W  iimes  i  have  levelled^  and  fired  my  rifle  »*?»»• 
t     *^aptwn  Lawrence  was  dangerously  wounded,  and 
«ievewl  others,  kUled  or  knocked  down  close  by  his 

"The  number  of  American  prisoners,»inilitia  and  reg- 
«lars,  surrendered, are  variously  stated,  from  S  to  .00. 

•   battU  ofquee»stown,onthelSthofOctober,^im. 
Brig.  Gen.  Wadsworth,  and  Maj.  Spencer,^AiU. 

SIXTEENTH  KBGIMENT.  t»||" 

Li«nt.  Col.  Stranahan,  Heut.  fhep^rcl, 

Major  Holland,.  ^"f.f"^'' 

fia^t.  Pctti£ale,  =t:V«"^ 

-  '0 


ITnsign  Denton. 


THK  LATE  WAR. 

The  accounts  of  the  kiUaA  «„  i  - 

variant     It  appel%':!ilrw:vrtu;  th"  ''""""^ 
material  diBe.enoe  between  the  BrT«  k      . T  '''"  "»• 
loss.    An  officer  who  hJLT  .         ^  "'"'  American 
and  who  had  a  f„,,  tt  ^t    ttr^''"'*r''J"''^*'' 
action,  estimates  the  American  loss"    fo^lTr  *'" 
400  wounded.  '  ^'^'^  '^"ed,  and 

J-iieut.  Smith,., 
Ensign  Peck, 

Lieut.  Col.  Me'aX"'"'^"  Y'"'"^"-'- 
Gapt.  Bacon,       '  ^'"^'-  *>'<', 

__  Root  '  Ensign  Haight, 

tieut.  Handel,-  *^"S'-  ^^j,  Windsor. 

Capt.  Cronk,^"'"^^''"''  ««5.m„„.  *^ 

Lt.  Richmond,  wounded        ^"^'S"  Wl.ite,  , 

Oapt.  Sutton:™'=''-«~-    ""''^- 

EldHdge,  ■^'®"*-  T)aniels, 

*- Barber,  Theishler,. 

-Ellis,  ir^T"  HoJcomb,. 

— -  BrinkerhoiT, ..               ^"^ign  Sperrj,, 
Lieut.  Price,  ^^ ^obb, 

Major  SmitlC'  ^^^^^t^ni^^^  .: 
Gapt.  Clark,                           i^ ^^^^s^er  Robison, 
•  Brown,                         ^^'  J^^'^eny,  woundeOi 

Gapt.  Bacon,       ^''°^  "'  hiflemen. 

^  Ireland.  I-»eut.  Wilson,    :- 

,^ -Stanley,      '  ^T^  ^^^^%  '   . 

liieut.  Alexander  *^"s»gn  Jrelaiid,     ^'^V 

•r— Gray,  c' '  ^o«gI)ton, 

^iutant  Stafford  c«       ,      ^'^^'  ^^i'  '^'"^^h. 


m  instoutor 

Many  brate  men  fell  on  this  disastrous  occasion. 
The  brave  captain  Nelson,  fell  on  the  American  side  of 
the  river,  j«st  as  he  was  stepping  into  a  boat  to  cross. 
A  grape  shot  struck  him  in  the  side  5  he  languished  sev- 
eral days  in  the  most  (excruciating  torture,  and  expired. 
He  had  been  several  years  -in  the  regular  service  and 
possessed  all  the  requisites  of,  a  good  officer. 

Dr.  Crosby,  from  Philadelphia,  being  od  a.  tour  of 
pleasure  and  observation  on  tlie  Niagara  .fi'ontiCr,^and 
hearing  of  the  preparations  for  a  descent  upoii^the  Can- 
ada  shore,  rode  to  Lewistown  and  volunteered  m  Ma- 

jorMuHany's  battalion.  He  was  among  ^he  first  ta 
cross  5  many  of  his  new  comrades  were  killed  by  his 
side,  and  his  own  musket  shot^away  a  little  above  the 
lock.  After  participating  in  most  of  the  dangers-  and 
^icisskudes  of  the  engagemenVhevvas  taken  prisoner,^ 
^en  Be  assiduously  applied  himself  to  the  care  of  his 

iroundfed  eountrymen;  ,     ,a  1.  j 

"     An  officer  of  the  N.  Y.  Militia,  (Major  Olmstead)  had 

in  the  course  of  the  action,  ascended  a  stump,  for  the 

purpose  of  observing  the  approach?of  a  column-instant- 

numbered  in  theUnitcdStates^service;  all  from -the 
Western  District  of  the^tate  of  New  York.  . 

J^ames  pf  UnUed  States'  Officers,  taken  prisoners.  . 

Lieut.  Hugunin 
Fink, 

—  Carr, 

—  Turner, 

- —  Tottfen, 

— ^  Bailey, 

_  Phelps,  wounded. 

■  .1    ■  Clark,  waun  de  d^^ 

—  McCartyy  ^^ 
Ihsign  Reaver. 


Col.  Scott, 

Lieut.  CoL  Christie, 

♦-.— . . Fenwickj: 

Major  Mullany, 

Capt  Qibson, : 

— -  McChesney, 

■    -     Ogilvie, 
Lieut.  Randolph, 

—  Thearney, 


'"^m^. 


/=*k 


IBE  LITE  WAR.  „j 

*.^trr.2;t£  sir-' *•"••'•••■■-■ 


Brit 


^«(K  ana  s:^sz^2::r''''-''"^  «- 

have  never  been  sarsfal^^txpl^e^*""  "^'«^''«** 
*  T"  *^«  «'''to"  of  the  National  Intelligencer 

,,  G-eralSmytlfh:fse"eTi„''tft%*^''^-  «'^'  1«  ^• 
the  official  letti  of  m|or  '  „etr  v '"'J?'  ^-tclligencer 
fZ^y  the  affair  at%uefnsto«„    I"  ?T'««'»er,  res- 

tliat  his  name  is  twice  iatrodur,H"'     "^  '"*"  observed 
qmre  explanation.       '"'^'"'""d  .n  a  way  that  may  re" 

..."^.^neral  V.  Uensselacr  8-iv,    «fu    i 
(Oct.)  written  to  brig,  gen  iLtl.     '''  ""  *''«  «••  'nst. 
view  with  him,  majof  S.,K  ^.  11  ■■''iri""^*"  inf- 
ants of  the  United  SteCre'i!f^i  ""/  ^^^  command-. 
conferring  „po„  the  suWect  ofZ' f'  ^°'  *''?  P^T^^^^C 

O'Uhe  Sd  of  October^  gene r.?^^^^^^^ 
a  court  martial  to  h^  l.^f     ?    *^- J^^nsselaerdrtfered 

a-ul  on  the  5th  I  e  ad d^eS  "a  ^T:^  ^'-y^^^ 
requesting  an  interv  ew  u^o„  tl  0°  '  ?  g^"o>-al  Smji?,^ 

On  thf 'P*"?"''^  dut/es        -^        "'"'*^  »""•«.  anil 

Adan.s  and  c'»Ie''d«nia"'^'o„*'«  "*"«.?''  ^'**  ">''»Je  on  the 
«en.  Smyth's  brigade  marehed  f  «.'  '."  .*''«  """-"'"gt 
a  am ,  and  two  ot'ther  Se„l"  ^'*'''  '*°'k  »Pon  an 
Oi.  the  nth,  at  dav  li„  .  't"!"^  ^''T  "?  «"  *(>«* -i^ht. 
"cepted,  marched^'foi?!.;,;;  *  ^  ^"'■"'®'.  *''™e  companlcg 
^;^^twelve  miles  througUre  ""rl'"''  II*^'"?  P^'^^d" 
«ver  seen,  returned,  the  ordp.  I!-''  ™'"'  ""^   wcathw 

,  '     ^  '""^^'^  ^^">S  coimtermauded. 


VI 


20^ 


HISTORY  OF 


Further  operations  on  the  Ntagara^  in  181^.- 

Soon  after  the  battle  of  Queeti8t(^wn,  Brig.  Gen. 
Aaexander  Smyth,  became  invcstett  with  the  chief  com- 
^mand  af  the  Array  of  the  centre.    The  regular  troops 
were  considerably  augmented,  and  a  brigade  of  nearly 
2000  Pennsylvania  detached  militia,  under  the  orders 

There  was  no  time  between  the  5th  and  the  ISth  of 
October,  at  wluch  gen.  Smyth,  with  the  commanding 
officers  of  regiments,  could  have  left  the  bngade,''  con- 
sistent with  the  business  of  the  court  martial,  and  other 
indispensable  deities."  Nor  would  gf -Smyth  have 
deemed  it  proper,  without  an  order,  to  have  lett  his 
brigade  within  three  miles  of  an  enemy,  and  gone, 
^ith  all  the  officers  commanding  regiments,  a  Uay  s 
journey,  to  repeat  an  opinion  which  he  had  already 

^TnTnoliier  part  of .  his  letter,  general  V  Rensselaer 
says,  that  on  the  morning  of  the  12th,  "having  now 
determined  to  attack  Qaeenstown,  1  sent  new  orders  to 
general  Smyth  to  march',  not  with  the  >^iew  of  his  aid 
fn  the  attack,  for  1: considered  the  force  detached  suf- 
ficient ;  but  to  support  the  detachment  should  the  con- 
flict be  obstinate  and  long  continued," 

General  V.  Rensselaer  did  not  on  the  12th  send  or- 
ders to  general  Smyth  id  warc/^.  ,'l)\ 
,  On  the  13th,  about  10  o'clock,  A.  M.  fnf  ral  Vah 
RensseUer  did^uA  an  order  to  general  Smyth  to 
anarch,  which  was  received  about  2  o'clock,  V,  M.  ^m^ 
obeyed  instantly.  ^1| 
Extract  of  a  letter  from  Mgadier general  Smyth,^^^^ 

major  general  V.  Rensselaer^  dated    Buffalo,  29<A 

September,  1812.  ,    ,     «.  ^^      •    i-ii* 

«» fjom  the  description  I  have  had  of  ttie  wfJlrll* 


h 


THE  LATE  WA-R.  ^OS, 

k.s  fnends  and  ac,uai„ta.es  in  the  n'iilit'ul! 

fore  seemed  to  me  oronir  ?„  ^^ippawa.  It  has  there- 
troops  near  BXlortlfer«  ♦n*"'*'"P  *"  ^"'^''^  States' 
rations.  Your "Zructt'L*"  P'L^P"^  f""-  offensive  ope- 
decide  you  to  ffivfrne  diT'  Z  ''**i*'"  i"f»™ation,  nW 
wait."  -^         ^"^^ "*  ••'"^'ent orders,  which  I  wiUa- 

SIR-I  have^kl""S„f  ::"'?"'.^''-  '^'  '«12- 
yesterday.  moment  received  your  letter  of 

at<IriK:'^l,»fX^^^^^^^  cross  the  river,  I„d 
town.  Should  circumswtr  '"!  ''*'g'»*^  "f  Queens- 
march  your  brigaderCfH  ,rf  •  ""''"■  "  "ecessary  to 

great  respect,  fa™%i;*"^fXr  *'^''^'^-    Wifl, 

>  ='r,  jouivobedient  servant. 

S.  V.  RENSSELAER,    :: 

*.Bri.    «  o-^K^n  "Ss^^*'-  '^'  ^«'^   ^ 

i  Bng.  gen.  Smyth  will  nlea^P  tf     •' 

SiiMde  to  strike  their  teKL  »  ^'?  "'''l*''^  f""-  >>» 

Tvul  every  possible  dispatch         ^'"'''  *°  ^ewistown. 

By  „.4er  of  ^aj.ge^n.  v.- Rensselaer, 

SOL.  V.  RENSSELAER. 

'"  "'cnced  in  everrtrte;.'..*''''  '''"" 


M 


"'^l'- 


•204 


HISTORY  OF 


u 


tics,  put  in  motion  a  great  number  of  volunteers,  anx- 
ious to  join  in  the  ex i)ec ted  invasion  of  Canada. 

On  J'.e  21st,  at  5  o'clock  in  the  morning,  all  the  bat- 
teries at.  I'ort  George  and  its  vicinity,  opened  a  fire  of 
hotsliot  upon  ForfTSiagara,  which  continued  until  after 
sun  set.  The  buildings  on  the  American  side,  >yere 
several  times  on  fire,  but  extin^'uished  by  the  exertions 
of  the  officers  and  men.  A  tremendous  fire  ^vas  return- 
ed. The  following  extract  from  the  report  of  the  com- 
manding ofiifcer,  Lieut.  Col.  Geo.  M'Feeley,  will  best 
afford  the  reader  an  adequate  idea  of  this  brilliant  can- 
nonade. 

"  Several  times  during  the  cannonading,  the  town  of 
l^ewark  was  in  flames,  but  was  extinguished  by  their 
•ngines— as  also  the  center  building  in  Fort  George. 
Their  messhouse  and  all  the  buildings  near  it  were 
consumed.  Captain  M'Keon  commanded  a  12  poun- 
der in  the  S.  E.  block  house,  and  distinguished 
himself  by  his  usual  gallantry  and  skill.  Captain  Jacks, 
of  the  7th  regiment  militia  artillery,  commanded 
a  6  pounder  on  the  N.  block  house,  and  together  with  a 
part  of  his  own  company,  though  placed  in  a  situation 
most  exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  enemy,  maintained  their 
position  like  veterans. 

"Lieut.  Rees  of  the  3d  regiment  artillery  had  the  com- 
mand of  an  18  pounder  on  the  S.  E.  battery,  which  was 
pointed  at  a  battery  A  barbette,  mounting  a  24  pounder, 
and  also  at  Fort  George ;  several  well  directed  shots 
were  made  from  this  gun,  which  proved  the  skdl  ot  its 
commander.  -  i^%5 

The  orders  given  on  the  10th  and  JSth,  for  generat 
Smith  to  march,  were  so  timea,  xliai  ac  »i>u-.u^  .™.  »^- 
rive  to  "hare  in  the  honor  of  the  «:'^P?d>t>on!  bu tmjht 
arrive  in  time  to  bear  the  responsibility  of  lU  ulUmate 
failure* 


anx- 


though  ./didt  LuS'f'  '""^  -  "im  ,  .hich, 
artillery,  at  that  '"  ?"^  "*  *^  ""  "•Si»^«nt  U.  «. 
Wendell  of  th^eJ;;^J*7'»J«'-  "  *''"'  '^''^    ^''^^■ 

Hooper  of  Capt  ^XZ  '  ''*"  '>*«*'-r-and  Dr. 

the  command  of  a  f  "7""^  »':'*««  "rtille.,,  hri 
*<ise.entlemen  .  J*^^  '^      °"  *•'"  "'<^' house,    Qt 

With  tt  0  i:S!"T:"'''.  1  *^-«»*  'P-^ 

h%'.ly,  and  f«.mSs  7j'!'"Tf "  *^""«''^ 

red  hot  shot,  and  showed  flif  ^         '"*''  ''"""  ^^^    ' 
«f  Orleans.  ■       '^'*'""'"'  «q«a]lingthc  Mdd 

^atTou„^t:::^t^^--,oi^s,^      - 

These  tn-oguns piaytd nmnL^^  •        /  ''J«»'Nei'.       ^ 
«nd  the  buildingf  neVr  it"  f!!f  ^      ""^  "^  ^»rt  George 
"•ake  dming  their  firl/l""^  '"'^^ '>^'^"-^on  I  couS 

««n..    Lieutenant  Harr/s  frt  I  ^^"''"'^*''"*s. 
schooner  which  lay  at  t'le!,-  wlT  ^    I  *  ^""^^^  *""*  » 

a  rf.ort'«;;r  ^  '^^^^'^^  .<>f  «»«  «e„«asee 


S 


»nil 


408 


IiistorV  of 


It 


tlestrdyiiig  the  buililings^near  the  wharf.  thVse  two  ot- 
^cers  and  their  men^  iti  the  warmest  part  of  the  attnon- 
'ading,  having  fired  awhy  ftU  thfeir  carlrirtges,  cut  up 
their  flannel  w&htcoata  and  shirts,  and  th^^ldiers 
their^trowsfers,  to  iiipply  their  guns.  ^ 

« I  cahnot  soy  tad  miith  iu  praise  ofallth%  bffiecvs  atid 
soldiers  of  the  krtillery  immediately  under  my  observa- 
tion in  this  garrison  ;  they  merit  the  thanks  and  esteem 
of  their  country  for  the  defence  of  it,  and  I  believe  it 
Aiever  sustained  sd  sh&i-p  iild  continued  a  bombardment. 
«  The  chemy  threw  more  ihan  two  thousand  ued  hot 
balls  into  it,  and  i  humber  ot  M\h^  amounVmg  to  more 
than  1 80,  only  one  of  which  did  injury  to  our  men. 

«  Lieutenant  tolonel  Gray  commanaed  the  artillery'; 

the  unremitting  attention  piid  to  his  tluty,  proves  him 

%n  officer  whose  sifciA  and  science  do  h6hor  to  himself 

and  country ;  to  this  genttcliikn  I  feel  mufcHindebted  for 

the  manner  in  which  he  acquitted  himself. 

«  To  the  officers  of  my  regimlent  (particularly  cap- 
tain Milligah)  and  the  soldiers  who  assisted  the  artille- 
W,  and  those  employed  in  exlinguislung  the  fires  antt 
'  'jcarrying  off*  Ue  kitle'd  and  Wounded,  I  am  also  much 
1^^    indebted  5  they  merit  my  warmest  thinks.    To  Dr. 
West  of  the  garrison,  Dr.  Ilugan  of  the  14th  regiment 
U.  S.  infantry,  and  Dr.  Craige  of  the  22d  regiment  U. 
S.  intautry,  I '  oflcr  my  thanks.    tW  Merc  employed 
^   tluring  the  entire  day  In  thic  mbst  tiitical  duties  of  their 

profession.*^  , 

.  Lieut.  Col*  M'Feeley  sj)ciks  in  handsbmc  terms  of 
the  indefatigable  exertions  of  Major  Armistead,  of  Uie 
U.  S.  corps  of  engineers^  in  feKtinguishinf;  the  bulldingi 
ffired  by  the  enemy.  ^  ^ 

Tho  Awericans  losl  ieleven  filled  anS  w&t:»dc^'> 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


20? 


Ofttbe  17*1.  of  November,  General  Smyth  issi..,!  . 
.econd Proclamation, i„ »hich,he aBsuredThetroort  at 

of  thlT^  •'"!!'''**' *^'""^'  »»*  t«  secure  the  peace 
ol  the  Ameiioan  frontier,  '^ 

«a.ora  and  aoW.ers,  under  thfc«prom.i.d  of  Capt.  Ki... 

S    S:'"' «T  .^  -'^'»^'*  'We,  opp  Jte  Biact 
1»       Thejr  attacked  and  carried  ia  the  .Tost  intrepi.L 
««ner,  three  dJtferent  batterieW    AbouUO  of  ^5 
S  "L??  P!''»»-^  """""S  «hom- were  ttoj: 
der'al     i"""?""'  Avere  killed  and.  about  20  «  ouj- 

»'»qng  tte  woModed,  was  captai..  DoiT    Several  S' 
«rtdlerjr  horses  were  destroyed  and  tw„T  -'■' 

t«inii,g.miUterjr  stores  burntf  ''""'*•  '""- 

Sd  to  et ''"'"""'r''"'*  '"''»^'»«">  «>»*  the  en^my  hi.  ' 

^'b"  22^:-roS^^'j^e*:^^^^^  -  waives 

"es  that  completely  commanded  tl.e  British  shore 

■2  y  '^  It"     ^'r  ^''"'»"  ^*'*»'''  "e  have  no  bat- 
^T-      It  was  obvinna  ♦«  — I  ...  ,,.  " 

ffia      the  boats  r""„ff  IVr""  '"'«"8ent  officers, 
ftere  «^hi  v     '^  l  ^f "'  «»« l»»e'-  end  of  this  island 
«W  «ouIdie  no  battery  to  cover  their  de.ce«t,  be 


«08  HISTORY  Of 

cause  the  width  and  strength  of  the  stream  would  le- 
ctssarily  carry  them  two  or  three  miles  below  ih^  enc- 
ray'tJ  batteries  opposite  Black  Rock,  which  had  been 
captured  by  Capt.  King's  party. 

It  was  in  vain  that  they  remonstrated  widi  Colonel 
Winder  against  starting  so  far  below  the  protecting  bat- 
teries.   He  replied,  «  follow  me."    The  boats  then  put 
•ir;  not  in  order  like  a  military  troop  in  column^in  lin« 
or  i»  file,  but  in  wild  disorder.     When  a  little  more 
llian  half  across  the  river,  the  enemy  hove  in  sight  in 
quick  marchi    In  defiance  of  the  exertions  of  tlie  boat* 
men,  the  current  hurried  the  boats  directly  towards  the 
«»nemy,  wlio  owing  to  the  irregular  and  confused  stat^ 
of  the  boats  had  a  fine  opportunity  to  cut  them  up  in  de- 
tail, as  they  attempted  to  land.    Col.  Winder's  boat 
b^m^'lighter  tlian  the  rest,  ke  was  enabled  to  keep  high- 
•  el  up  the  Stream  and  did  not  discover  the  enemy  until^ 
he  had  landed.    On  perceiving  tiie  enemy,  he  ordered  a 
jjeneral  retieat    Lieut.  Coli  Bcerstler,  I  am  assured 
Ify  a  correspondent,  actually  seized  an  oar  to  accelerate 
his  flight.    A  part  of  the  boats  had  landed  before  the 
ebemy  commenced  their  fire;  a  part  had  not  reached 
the  shore.    Lieutenant  Burr  was  for  a  while  the  virtiwl 
commander  of  the  pai-ty,  tbr  seizing  a  musket  himself, 
he  fired  on  the  enemy  and  was  the.  first  to  give  orders 
for  the  troops  to  fire.     About  15  were  killed  or  mortal- 
]y  wounded  in  the  boats.    Among  the  wounded  was 
Capt.  Lane  and  Li.ut.  Burr,  Ensign  Wetmore  of  the 

i23d  lobt  As  right  arm^  «      ' 

Winder'*  detachmentretorned'tothe  navy  yard,  tnd 

at  12  o'clock  the  whole  army  were  eollected  in  tl^ 
boats  5  but  a  council  of  war  determined  against  crossing.- 

•  The  following  documents  will  illu||f ate  more  fuf^y 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


269" 


Uurelfof  r™  ^l"y  ""'^"P'''  "f  "><=  ""tion  .nd  the 
laurels  Of  the  unfortunate  Sin^th. 

tlie  causes  of  the  failurA  of  ♦».*»  i 

of  Canada.  ^''^  "'^  '^"S  menaced-  invasion 

■  TO  THE  PUBLIC 

action,  of  the  V/tirNove  „ tr  rd  L^ ^.T "*  '1'"'- ' 
Having,  since  that  time,  rece?v,.Tfi„«"'^  ">**'"''«'■•", 
fUrances,  which,  as  a  m'ai  of  ho'o"  I  ®?-  ^V"''  «"- 
lieve,  that  the  coarse  Dur«„!!iiT'  '  "■"  '«'>"«'  <<>  be- 
»uch  as  was  renSimrhv  hf  ^5""  ""  *'""'«  days,  wasl' 
fi-om  the  SecS;  ^f  ^ar  .„''a''«'!  ""^J  ""friction, 
communication  wni««ml'  "l^  ***"•  »««'-l»»rii,  this! 
from  the  one  then  cont«mnt,f  ^''^'•'♦''r  ouite  diftWeirt 
to  the  pubti' .  S^ft^ft^^^^    ?«.  P  •«Wl,  however; 

withont  comment  ;Tea»Wi)\fi?    ^*'  P'""*''  *»<•» 
ject  of  military  m^vem,^^?.!  J?  I'T  *"  "^e^^lope  the  ob- 

•■"1  others  nofonly  eSdtLl''rf  "P'^'''''  »»  "»« 
On  the  srth  of  jfr,v»mf^    Ik'"^'  '"'*  '"wplfcable. 

point  a  miliuVfoJrjaboit  /"oo'e'Sh  f  •"**^  "*  '"^ 
sistmgofreeular  t.  .v...!  vv   Ij-    .  *2.'^'^*'''«  "'en  5  conV 

transporting  tfie^troops  ac^lsXe  riv^  "^^  P"''P''*"''  "^ 
70  pilWie  boats  calculated  f«  ^. .;►„■-.«  ' 


".*? .""»  Wkeri  mf 0  flie  ptfWi 

tei*  to  carry  100  men  cnchv  -.   '    ;- 

W  sm;vs  for  artinery,  an^I  jSs  ,ne8  each 
%f|»^Sf  anH,i»be/p/8.nall  boat*,-"  ^. 'l  '  -  ■ 


500 


CIO 


HISTORY  OF 


Siogrnphwal  Notice  of  Coi  R.  M,  Johnson. 

'OL.  RuM'.  Johnson,  is  the  son  of  Robert  John- 
son,  a  respecttible  farmer,  and  one  of  the  first  settler* 
of  Kentucky. 

The  suljject  of  this  notice  was  born,  a3  it  ircre,  on 
the  field  of  battiej  for  at  the  time  of  his  birtlir  Ken- 

l^ew-York  vohinteew  who  had  been  placed  under  my. 
comir.ajid,  to  paj'ade^t  4  o'clock  ia  the  morning  at  their 
encampment  about  one  and  a  half  miles  Irom  the  navy 
_-i._.i    '^f  ^  *u«  ^.♦^«:.^«.  1  lAarrvfihAtfhAnartie^mentiono 


11  o'clock  at  nighty  to  auacs^  i;ne/ein:ni.y  »  u»..v^..*.^  -r 
posite  Black  Rock.    Gen.  Siviyth  not  beinghere^l  wait^ 
ed  on  Lieut.  Angus  and  suggested  to  him  the  propriety 
(it  within  the  scope  of  his  orders)  ofpostpomng  theen. 
terprize  until  nearly  morning,  to  give  as  little  time 
as  possible,  before  the  passage  of  the  army,  for  the  ene- 
my^  troops  to  collect  from  their  stations  down  the  riv- 
W.    They  landed  at  three  in  the  morning,  under  a 
«evere  fire  of  musketry,  and  grape  shot  ^r««!  two  pieces 
of  flying  aitillery,    Ueut.  Angus,  with  our  little  band  of 
sailers,  assisted  by  Captain  Craig  and  a  few  of  his  party, 
attacked  the  prinr^  lal  force  of  the  enemy,  ^onsisting  of 
ab:>Jt  100,  at  the  IV  .  ir  »use  (th^  seamen  charging  mth 
theif  pOtes  and         "^^  against  uiuskets  and  bavonets) 
jiud  routed  them  in  ♦U  dircctiops ;  Capt.  Doi,  wliotook 
it  distinguished  partlnthk  affair,  was  B^^erely  wound^ 
cd,  after  a  hard  and  destructive  engagement,  «i#etiemv 
wJs  completely  dispersed,  the  two  field  pieces  snik^ 

and  the^honsein  wfech  the  enemy  flV^^^^Jf^tl'lU 
eeamen  re^^rned  to  our  shore,  bringing  offthwr  woa.4- 
'd  a»d  several  prisoners.    Out  of  1^  naval  officers jho 
.^&m\n  this  eaterprize,  pine  pf  thejrt,  wi«vniO| 
•  "tha'V^iSif  tJ^eir  men,  >Yert  kUled  or  wounded,    m)m^' 


THK  LATf:  \v\n. 


tiickjr  Mas  one  continued  sceni*  ,.r. 

»nij>rint,  ami  when  |,i,      P*"' »'"' •"Bc..a.„.  W|,i,;, 

led  «ith  women  and  chUd    *    "^r     "ri'  "'"^''  «'- 
tKe  eovcrnincut  will  malV™^    i     '-^  ^^'   '^*^<*     *  rio-ua 


ion  S,.-  the    e  ;  of  l,n     i  ""'P'"  "" 

r-roceeded  to  spike  and  .fi.:.:  '„Vtre  ll  •  ''.?^   »^'"S 

down  tlie  river,  takins  a  r.u"nbf.r  i.?      "*  *"      /  'owcr 
%  sunrise  iu  the  inn  „r„  "'r'-'^soncrg 

rivei  at  the  place  of  em   >,!""*'  "'""•«  t' ««.     I,.,!  ai- 
I  marched  SO^O  of  the    l;;""'!?*'  "^  "V    "'fine! 
Gen.  Smj-th's  invitaiio.i,  >  e  1 11"  ^,"  ''^''  ^""'^    «d?r 
nhiglr  spirits  .-about  150  ,'orc  ,U,„    "'  P'".""'*''  ''  »"«1 
'ng  before,  Avere  at  Buffal,,  "w?'-      l^^'"*^ »"  "'        cn- 

stationed  m^  men  as  inst.u,ed  bv T' ■''oP°'*"'    .    , 
field  at  the  navv  vard,  with  ,»..  7   ^'"'-  '^"'vth,  i,    a 
ther  orders.    The^^ies  ,,'!"','""' '"  "art  f„V  f,   ; 
aided  by  our  batteries,  „acl  ^t  1  'I'l'."' '"  '^-^"kl^, 
eiful  and  well  directed  fie  \ni"^!'«''*7«nedap5;,v. 
ierronthe  inland,  under  c4  °1  „7r?%««  artil- 
driven  every  thing  fiom  thoT  ..„  '.     .P'"  '^''""".  M 
der,  an  officer  of  K?eat  int  fliJ    - '*  '''^'"^  •  Col.. mT-' 
«nder  the  mistakeTapnrehe tf  "1l  '""'  """^  l^*^. 
Lieut.  Cor.  B«rstLKlS'i^' A^Z^'^'X^- 
madeanunsuccessfulattemnt/.r-  T."'^  ''^♦"?  f"'  offi 
ed   to  land  250  men  at  a  ffiir"?^'f  .^^'''^''^' '«*-d- 
and  ha4  returned  as  stated  bvr   P"'"*  ''o*"  »he  rWr, 
eial  embarkation  now  rnmL?  *^'',  '-.Smyth.    The  geS- 
i»rdily,  that  at  ^e?ve  oS"  h"'  I"', ''  ^t"*  »»  «« 
^»op«,  and  Col  S»  (>'=.•'  "'*  '■•>ole  of  tBe  retulif 
•iiio5Z_""_  _ '•  *"'"  s  regiment.  Me.-o  •...,.     °      *""" 


&^ais 


were  fying  (jn  the 


>, 


■'♦■ 


*  TO 


2,j  HISTORY  OF 

At  this  period  nq  one  was  exempt  from  danger :  fre- 
quently the  red  savage  would  rush  from  the  thicket  and 
dispatcli  the  defenceless  laborer,  bearing  away  his  scalp 
in  triumph,  before  succoring  friends  could  interpose  to 
avert  the  ratalstroUc.  The  iiihabitants  were  obliged  to 
dwell  in  stockades,  and  cultivate  their  fields. in  armed 

of  the  river  and  creek,  hiving  been  thrown  up  by  the 
Sigh  vTitcr  of  the  preceding  dav.    Se\«™\  "f''„' Vin 
Sfeekhalf  filled  vv[th  wate.-  an.r  .ce.    I,,f,''ll«f.  °"  «?"v' 
Smyth  and  proposed  to  occupy  part  of  these  boats  With 
m7voluntee'rs,\nany  of  whom  were  'TPf  «)*,  «^  ,'™- 
Karii      Being  however  at  this-momentinformwlby -^pl. 
Porter  that  the  boats  which  had  been  used  by  Col.  W  .n- 
der  were  lying  »bout  a  mile  below,  Major  Chapm  and; 
m«ctf,  with  about  SO  men,  went  down  the  sl'fe,  bro  t 
« Jf^e  b^ate,  fiUid  them  with  men.and  amved  at  Black 
Zck  the  point  at  which  it  was  proposed  to  putoff,  as 
loon  as  any^of  the  regular  troops     About  two  o'clock 
all  the  troops  which  it  appeared  were  intended  to  be 
crossed  atLt  were  collected  in  a  group  of  boats  at 
BUck  Rock  under  the  cover  of  our  batteries.    I  have  no 
offidaKunt  of -the  number  of  men  in  the  boats  at 
■nUrl^Hnpk  under  the  cover  of  our  battenes.    i  naje 
!^f  no  officUl  account  of  the  number  of  men  in  the 
S-Mv  opinion  was  that  the  number  exceeded 
Sp..  Most  Ln.of  observation  ''ho  «L«™.P^^«^*' '^j 
timatfeita,t2,600.    The  men  were  m  fine- spirits,  «nd 

desirous  of  crossing.  _      r  iMTlbi-o's  «>!»!- 

GeBjXannchill's  volunteers,  Col.  G.  «  Clme  s  reg , 

»atsome  riflemen,  cavalry,  &c.  amounting  to  about 

s  000  were  all  paraded  on  the -sliore,  and,  $s  1  m»  in 
iTed,  w  ere  r^ky  to  cross.    Several  koa^s  «f  ^^fl"^*'' 
^S  to  carry  about  lOpO  men,  were  still  l;r'«g 
Sfnavy  yard  uBOCcupied.    I  li»ve  not  been  Vble  to 
team  tSt  any  order  or  request  was  made  fo^th*  em- 
♦Wkation  of  tL  troops  other  than  the  replars,  of  ^ 
ril's  regiment.    1%  enemy,  estimatif  at  ahout  s|, 
ere  urawii  up  iu  a  ««-  r-^"-"  ----   ^    ^  -  -ml 


Viter. 


•.# 


#1*1 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


PamWj  fine  coua^!  J, "  .  /."f  ^"""^  ""«'  *he  incom- 

H.seaH,,ears.we..edisti„g„,hedbr:h;b„,d„es. 

among  tlie  officer*  and  men  «„J?^''^     Tt  produced' 
and  murmuring,  which  w^?hl we/^fe^  tcontene 
layed  by  assurances  that  the  erri.Hi*'      '"'"*  ''«8™«  «  - 
Poned  4  a  short  time,  until  3  h  '"?"  '^•":  "n'7  post- 
prepared.  '    f4  •,«"*. ""Wts  cona  be  betfer 

•mfiark  at  9  o'clock  oVl^ndfyZ'^  *''  "^^  ^«rd,  tu- 
fa^o  when  it  was  receiv^  S^  SP"i'"g-  .^  "'as  at  Buf- 
»»y,  as  to'tfme  and  manne,  rfil "''  *^'i*  **  ""»  ««"«- 
of  the  volunteers.  TZd^'^'T^  K*^' »««« 
at  Black  Rock,  with  G^  Ww).  "'•'^*':' '"  ^^^  evening,' 
t«ons  to  his  plan.  The  enemv  I^A""**  '^*^'"^  "^  obje?! 
on  the  batteSes,  soas  to  r^iTZ   v^-  ''"'ounted  fiu  ™n« 

at  the  favorable' joint  whTch  had  hr-'P.'?'*'"*  *»  "™« 
day,  above  the  islind  that  r„Jl     *r*"  **''«"  on  Satur- 
mediately  below  the  island  Thr  *'"'  ""V  J'a'd.    Im- 
much  augmented  in  cons'eq  'ence  of  th7  i*^  '»-  /»"«' 
day,  occupying  a  line  of  sToT«  of  a ht/^"' •."'  ^»*'"- 
the  current  is  raoid  .inW  ♦iT?    1      ,  "*  a  mile,  where 
believe  it  possib^tto  effect  a  Ia„^"'''  '^■''tP*-    »  ^id  not 
any  tolerable  <;,der  if  at  »n  '?"^  "«,*"•*  raw  troops,  in 
tilferyand  infantry  which  iV"'"  ^""r  "'^'"^  ^^ng  a  r- 

>"  %  day  time  ^'ouMernMrtr  !"'''■ '^»^«»'«°<^ 
proposed  to  postpone  the  *^^Vlli'?  to  opp^s,  u,^    jj 
and  embark  t*he  tVoop,  S  v    /  "  *i'"%ht-_to  march  ■ 
Wd  a  half  K..i,-,.„  T  P  .. '  *"tly— to  put  oft'ihnut  »»!.-...: 


Were 


where  the  sfreaih 
:a!ia!-ly.lavttrable 


(i; 


miles  below  tiie  na^ 


to  a  Bale  an;! 


river 


-     *■■*•  ••  ret 

QfdeiJ^  landing'; 


2i4 


HISTORY  OF 


of  Ills  enterprizes,  and  an  extraordinary  per^evfiran^ ; 
in  their  execution.  His  scholastic  oppor tu nitie^  for  th^, 
first  15  years  of  his  life,,  were  limited.  At  fifteen,  Uo^, 
left  his  father's  house,  for  a  country  grammar  school, 
having  left  behind  him  a  character  for  industry  and  man- 
agement, which  produced  in  his  father  some  rela^Unce 

CoL  "Winder  seconded  my  proposals  with  grc^at  earJii^ 
efttnes^  and  force— and  it  was^adopted.  Tli^  ariny  waar, 
to  e^A^ai  k  at  3  o'clock  on  Tuesday  mornings  and  to  pror 
ij^ced  at  half  past  4,  according  to  the  order  of  a  line.  of. 
batUV  submitted  a  few  days  before^,  by  Genprid  Smy^liT::, 
tKe  regulars  on  the  right,  or  in  the  front  boats  ;  Gen.. 
Tannehill's  troops  in  the  center,  and  the  New  YoVHvql- 
unteersontheleft  I  w^a  to.  go  in  th^  front  boat  W^JH 
a  chosen,  set  of  men^ direct  the  landing,  ai^.  joift^  th^: 
Ne^w  York  volunteers,  on  their  arrival. 

On  Monday  eyeniiiff,.sfevenboatsfor.CoU  Swift's-reg' 
iment,  and  eight  for  th^  late  volui^teers,  were  brought 
somp  distance  up  the  river,  and  left  at  difer©ftt  points, 
to  avoiithe  noise  and  confusion  of  embarking.lhew)iole 
army  at  one  place.  '  At  half  past  3  on  Tuesday  moi;nipg,, 
the  eight  boats  were  filled  with  volunteers  (a  corp^  of 
vhicliTias,  on  every  occasion  while  on  the  lines,  shp^ya 
great  eatactaess  of  discipline,  promptitude  and  zeal  for 
the  service)  had  embarked,  and  the  residue  embarHing. 
i^ot  a  man  of  the  regular  infantry  was  in  the  bojits  tor 
about  half  an  nour,  when  Col.  Winder's  regiment  enter 
«d  their  toats  with  great  order  and  sileijice. 

About  three  quarters  of  an  hour  after  this,  the  remain- 
ing regulars  commenced  the  embarkation,  when  I  drop- 
ped down  to  the  (font  of  the  line,  witha  flag  in^ray  boat, 
to  designate  it  as  the  leading  boat.  I  was  accjoiopan- 
ied  by  Majors  Cyrenus  Chapin,  and  John  W.  IVJacomb, 
€apt.  Mills  of  the  cavalry,  Adjutant  Ghace,.a,nd  Quar- 
ter Master  Chapin,  two  pilots  and  aljout  ^  Y^jiUAH^m 
of  ;&iffalpa  under  Lieut,  liaynes.  ; 

I  mention  the  names  of  these  gentlemen  because  iMy 
h^d  before  decidedly  objec^fed  to  passing  at  the  prop<|? 
ie^.  point  by  day  ligljit>  but  when  day  appeared^  and  on* 


fess 
ultei 
U  c 
Jeair 

pfth 

liidu^ 

incui 

tier  c 

ered 

Iheii 

•Son,  a 

A  See 

tribe. 

^harg] 

Ab< 

Sihj^tl 

%hich 

"til  aft( 

It  i 

;!^umbe 

^t  was 

'<ifhoat 

>'ohint( 

found 

Vheir  oj 

keep  t 

<50verct 

|>ut  m 

ooats,  ( 


^«re  me, 
V%  th 


''■•fi 


«  his  departure.     Jfo,.  ,n,, ,  •   , .  " 

fe«.ional  pursuit-,   to"  ^e .   l"f  ** '^'''  "•»?'". 
:f  ern,te  stu.lj.  ,„a  «,  j;^„'' '  f'^.  '""-/ean,  spent  in 

he  commenced  the  praS  "  f  ll     !  «'"'«■•'«  '••^i-ess, 
J-cars  of  age.  "'^  '*''"'  ''""g  then  t>nljr  19 

|S^^'?iiS'2*^^^.«th.ta.c6„„t,,.eWaa 

J^ttcnr  the  aMitiona    hazJ^  '"/'."""nin'ously  aRreed^ 

ered  fte  troops  disembiwHt  ^^,1  ^^  ''f''*  ^«  'Mscov. 
^neinvasonof  Can..!*  I.  iL*'  *"''  were  Infofiiii>ri  ♦!,.» 
;«oa,  andlhat'thf tZS  Setr''*A''°"««'  «>^*h^  »« 

crine.    About  4000  mfen-  «,S„  i     .'*"  ^B*"  ttffdes^ 

*ha.^fng  their  musk^tTre*""'^?'^*^"-^^*-"^^ 
Abodt  bhe  IhoBsand  ZlTnVL  ''"•ectlon. 

Smith's  proel«,„rft!on"bZtfr/f.?'"«  '»    ''*'er  Ocn 

Ji»mber  «f  C'^Sikl  V"^  ^"J'  '=^«'nate  of  th, 
•If  r^t*  «««rccl»^:^fi  «»y  H«e  this  morlp* 

Jolui  teers  lirst  anived  ^itt     "*"  *  ™»'e-     When  tlrt> 
.^«nd  |hat  the  reg  f"  ^4"^«  "fvv  y„rd,  a^,   f  ^^« 

Jheir  officers  were  msfmofiT  ''»<!  not  retannearprf 
.keep  themselves  wan™bvlP-"""  ^^'"^  'Xfl 

l^ut  they  tvcre  insWed  w  /*'  «»  ^"""S  the  niftht* 
ooats,  that  the,  migbf  J^^  ^^^'o^^^^^  «.  fide  o/& 


% 


"ffilf  TLl 

*»''e  me,  and 
tift  the 


ii4 


HISTORY  OF 


lie  entered  upon  the  theater  of  public  life  at  twenty 
two,  and  has  never  been  out  of  civil  employ  a  single 
<lay  since.  After  serving  two  years  in  the  Kentucky 
legislature,  he  was  elected  <i  member  of  congress,  in 
which  capacity  he  has  served  the  last  seven  years.  His 
vote  has  always  been  found  on  the  side  of  his  country. 

be  prepared  for  the  transportation  of  artillery  and  cav- 
alry, and  put  the  carpenters  of  the  army  upon  that  duty. 

By  the  26th  of  November,  10  scows  were  completed, 
and  by  bringing  some  boats  from  Lake  Ontario,  above 
^e  falls  of  Niagara,  the  number  was  increased  to  70.  . 
*  1  had  on  the  12th  November,  issued  an  address  t©  the 
men  of  New-York,  and  perhaps  SOO  had  arrived  at  Buf- 
falo, i  presume4  that  the  regular  troops,  and  the  vol- 
unteers under  colonels  Swift  and  M'Clure,  would  fur- 
nish 2360  men  for  duty  5  *and  of  Ge^.  TannehiU's  brig- 
ade  from  Pennsylvania,  reporting-a  total  of  1650,  as  many 
as  412  had  volunteered  to  cross  into  Ciaiada.  My  or- 
ders were  to  « tiross  with  SOOO  men  at  once."  I  deem- 
ed myself  ready  to  fulfil  them,  i"^    '     1     rxr 

Preparatory  thereto,  on  the  night  of  the  27th  of  No- 
vember,  1  sent  over  two  parties,  one  under  lieu.t.  ci)lo- 
nel  Bcerstler,  the  other  under  CapH^King,  with  whom 
Lieut.  Angus,  of  the  navy,  at  the  he#  of  a  body  of  sea- 
'  men,  united.    The  first  wa«  to  capture  a  ^«ard  and  des- 
troy a  bridge  about  5  miles  below  Fort  Evie  :  the  second 
iiarty  were  to  take  and  render  useless  the  cannon  of  the 
Indhy's  batteries,  and  some  pieces  of  light  artillery. 
The  first  party  failed  to  destroy  the  bridge^the  second, 
after  rendering  unserviceable  tbe  light  artillery,  separa- 
ted by  misapprehension.     Lieut.  Angus,  the  seainen, 
and  part  of  the  troops,  returned,  with  all  the  hosts,  while 
Capt.  King,  Capt.  Morgan,  Capt.  Sproul,  Lieut.  Hous- 
ton, and  about  60  men,  remained.    The  party  thus  re- 
duced, attacked,  took,  and  rendered  unserviceable  two^ 
of  the  enemy's  hatteries,  captured  34  prisoners,  founf 
two  boat»,  111  wmcii  capi.  &.ing  scat  tuc  piis-vTSi^^xc^  «^ 
UiboHt  hi^f  to  party  with  m  other  o&cers ;  he  Ynm  I  .^mmnt 


Mis 

sen 

A 

\         Bri< 

whi( 

from 

self 

don. 

Or 

borhc 

fcarfca 

Teturi 

250  n 

iy  put 

force 

one  pi 

ord«rc 

of6ki 

The 

arrivec 

of  tile  s 

tiJlery, 

twelve 

about  S 

days,  c 

troops 

j^ock  w 
dine,  * 

f  had 

'•"tructib] 

nioreme 
<^on«ult 

this  equi 
ant.  I  , 
twelve  t 
was  not  i 


*i^ 


TAB  LATE  WAR.  ... 

Xm  •  'Si/ 

iarfcation.    a  part  of  the  dou}   '  *".  *^  l''^^^  "f  em. 
returned  and  exdtedan,..lhl^""^"*  '«"* '"  the  nicht 

Jrput  offin  boats  for  the  oto„,;,^"V  ^^'"•'ei-.  sudden- 

force  lad  landed,  whei  a  flT.  "i    "''"';*  '  «  Part  of  this 
■one  piece  of  anil  e"r4'*J'*d^l*'«''"'W  supj,,;        «« 

ordered,  and  Col.  \fi„ri^Hi  "?'■*'''  •■*  retreat  was 

of  6  killed  and  J9  wo^  beSr'  ^"I'^'-^^l «  1^^' 
■Tfte  general  emhaflraf:     ^^^^"es  some  officei-s, 

arrived^but  «his,  l-L«''rf"r^lT"r*'  «^  «.«  troo-^ 
«me  scows  were  «ccu,«>S  bvIlT^"''**'''"""'^  «l>o?^ 
fllerj,  while  about  SOT  rel.kr' r"^*''''"? «>ear! 
^welye^  months  v»l„nteeV  f  »  .  '"'^?'"^.' '  '•'>'««•  SCU 
«baat  200  of  th«  militia  !wu.  U.i      ,*"'»'^«i  Sv.ift,  ancl 

tl^'  ".r "P'^-^  «"   t  e  boa t    t1.a7' "*'''^'*''  ''"^  ^  ^"'^ 
troops  then  #^mKo.,i,    i     ^"''*"*  t»ttt  we^re   iPf>,ivr      'ri 

^ocrwitjruttstiaLriT  "1  ^*'-»' *^^^ 

d'«e.  '     IB*"^"*  ""iered  to  di.ccml«k  and 


218 


HI5T0UY  OF 


niountej  corps.  His  services  on  the  frOTi tiers  of'Ohiej 
and  upon  the  Banks  of  the  Thames,  have  secured  him  an 
imperishable  military  reputation.  On  the  13th  of  April 
1814,  the  I'ldifes  of  Scott  county  presented  ham  an  ele- 
gant sword  in -consideration  of  his  valor  and  unshaken 
firmness  at  the  battle  of  the  Moravian  town, 

.  The  fit%t  question  was  decided  in  the  negative  lay 
Colonels  Parker,  Schuyler,  Winder,  Lieut.  ColonelB 
Bcerbtler,  Coles,  and  Major  Campbell,  Col.  Swift  alone 
gave  an  opinion  for  then  crossing  over.  ,  ■  ^  ,  ' 
The  second  question  was  not  decided.  .  CoUinels 
Parker,  Schuyler,  Lieutenant  Colonel  Coles  an*  Major 
Campbell  were  decidedly  of  opinion  that  the  force  was 
mstiffitiient.  Colonels  Winder,  Swift,  Lieutenant  Col- 
otiel  Bcerstler  and  Captain  Oilman^  deemed  the  force 

gutficient.  '  .  ., 

I  determined  to  postpone  crossing  over  untiJ  morcn 

complete  preparations  would  enal)le  me  to  embark  the 
Xvhole  force  at  once,  ih^^counsel  prescribed  by  my  or- 
ileis.     The  next  day  w<is  spent  in  such  preparation, and 
the  troops'  were  ordered  to  be  again  at  the  place  of  em- 
barkatiori-at  8  ©'clock  on  the  morning  of » the  GOth  No- 
vember.    On  tfeeir  arrival- they  were  sent  into  the  adja. 
cent  woods,  there  to  build  fires  ami  remain  until-  5 
O'clock,  A.  M.  office  l«t  of  December,  when  it  was  intend 
ed  to  put  oft-two  hoars'beforei^v  light,  so  as  to  av on 
the  enemy's  cannon  in  passindp  position  winch  xt  wa^^ 
believed  thev  occupied belowyWIand above  Cuppeway- 
agsai^t  that  place,  and,  if  successful,  march^  t^irougi 
Queenstown  W^Fort  George.     F^r  ^^^^  f  pedition  ^< 
contractor  was  called  ^n  to  funmsh^i^tions  toiv^^^ 
4lien  for  four  days,  when  it  was  fotuid  h«  could  furnish 
^e  pork,  but  'fiot  the  Tour,  tUa  deputy  quarter  master 
called  for  GO  barrels  and  _got  but  35.- 

•The  eAibavkation  cmnmenced,  but  was  delayed  by 
drc'^uistaiceS,  soas  not  to  be  completed  "^^^l^ft^^^y- 
UghtrV.iiell  U   was  lOXiUU  un:  icguia^  ^"""'"-^  ^."^"^"77; 


ttie  artUlery  177  men 


S-wiiV§  volunteers,  e«tiift«ted  at 


4 


THE  LATE  WAR.  j,, 

yea..,  ab  Jaoned  thl  JSTnaT'  ""  *  "•""•'^'-  "^ 

Col.  Johnson  is  i»  statue  vnther  above  tbo  ™- 1 1. 
sizes  well  formed ;  ofafi,mK..*  ""'''"« 

amountlDK  to  2r6  mi„         *'  *'?'""'  ""d  M'lrshall, 

wen  in  a  boi^t  v"  th  oL  P  R^'i'"  '  •?''"'»'  ='=^d  a  few 
the  whole  menon  boaX.;;  "•  .^"'''"  "''J  e'^barfce.t-- 
to  14G.5  men'or  the  .eatn^t"""''",^'.''''''''"^^  of  oScers, 
timn  had  bee'n  contempil-d '  ""'' "  ''*'  '^°  ''•°"^«  '^^^^ 

they  rre"ap;,i:r  f::"?i:f,  •"%"  "-J*  ^^^  en^barklSl* 
arte  majo.-  to  ret  into  tCi?  Y'^  "I'^"^'^  ^^  ^e  brii-  -i 
number  of  <!,£  J,"*"*  ■    ^'"'*''~*''«:>'  ''^  not.     t& 

1^0;  It  wa:';^4*l:^^Srt "'"•'"'•  •^''-*'>''*i4' 

to  im^r  &  ?  CcCtr  ''rf  ^>«"'-' 
»  pouit  where  no  reinWemei.ri'n  k*"  ^™0  »<■",  «* 
some  days.    I  saw  t^t  tb!  „?  u'"''''>  "^pected  for 

was  declining  r^Tdly-Zt ""  ^l''^''  "^  '"fS"''"-  t'oo,,. 
was  to  depend    '^     ^        ''"*"  *''*^'  <>«  them  chieiij'  I 


,""""  ^"eUC.  tJOI.  Coins  ^^■^•JV^OJ, 

Jputtothemthis<,uestionim„/;, 
"«?»"'«'««-V  decided  tha  ,  e^f  !"!:*^'-«"*''-^  They 

moas^ls  q>,,l  .*l;:  ^..     ^^*^'^»  *fO»PS  would  derrpnc^  .    ^L„ 

^  in  tentfc  in  the  month  of  Decei 


smber,^  jfiafb 


mi: 


■'^h- 


2^0 


HISTORYOF 


Although  a  cloud  of  witnesses  could  verify  the  fact 
thathe.killed  Tecumseh  infair  personal  combat,  still 
his  modesty  would  never  permit  him  to  proclaim  him- 
self the  hero  of  that  chivalrous  feat.  He  is  doubtful 
whether  the  Shawanoe  chieftain  approached  him  with  a 
tomahawk  or  sword  ;  for  this  reason  :  he  kept  his  eye 
full  on  that  of  his  savage  foe,  without  regarding  his 

ed  the  officers  that  the  attempt  to  invade  Canada  would 
not  be  made  until  the  army  was  reinforced  ;  directed 
them  to  withdraw  their  troops,  and  cover  them  with  huts 

immediately.  ,    ,       .. 

You  say  that  on  Saturday  every  obstruction  was  re- 
moved, and  that  a  landing  might  have  been  effected 
<i  without  the  loss  of  a  single  man/'  This  proves  you 
^unacquainted  with  the  occurrences  of  the  day.  e.ol. 
Winder,  in  returning  Crom  the  enemy's  shore  in  th« 
morninc,  lost  a  tenth  part  of  his  force  in  killed  and 
wounded.  The  enemy  shewed  no  more  than  5  or  bOO 
mfen,  as  estimated  by  Col.  Parker,  and  one  piece  of  ar- 
tillery,  supposed  a  nine  pounder.  That  force,  we  no 
doubt  m|ht  have  overcome ;  but  not  without  loss  ;  and 
that,  from  tlie  great  advantage  the  enemy  would  have 
had,  might  have  been  considerable.  , 

To  recapitulate  :— My  orders  were  to  pass  into  Can- 
ada with  3000  mea  at  once.  On  the  first  day  of  embark- 
ation  not  more  than  IICO  men  were  embarked,  ol  whom 
400,  tiiat  is,  half  the  regular  infantry,  were  exhausted 
^vith  fatir^ue,  and  v  ai.t  of  rest.  On  the  second  embark- 
ation, only  1500  men  were  embarked,  and  these  were  to 
have  put  oif  immediately,  and  to  have  descendc-il  the 
river  to  a  point  where  reinforcements  were  not  to  be  ex- 
pected. On  botli  days,  many  of  the  regular  troops  were 
iiion  in  bad  health,  who  could  not  have  stood  on»^  days 
march  ;  who,  although  they  were  on  the  sick  report, 
were  turned  out  by^llieir  ardent  officers.  . 

The  aiftiir  atQueenstown  is  a  caution  against  relying 
on  crowds  who  go  to  the  bank  of  i\;agara  to  leo.^  on  a 
battle  as  on  a  theatical  exhibition  5  who  if  they  are  dts-^ 


•«i 


THE  LATE  WAR. 


«2I 
weapons.    This  exclusive  a«en*i«„  *    ^l 
oun.scl,  enabled  the  colone    t«  V  «        u"-  '^'  °^  '^'• 
«nd  anticipate  his  blow  '""""  ""^  ""^''«»»» 

in  .Wble  lift  rt  helasoTf '  """"^  ■"*"  "^  «»-•"> 

"e  has  on  more  occasions  than  one, 

appointed  of  the  sishts.  brpnlr  tl,„: 

a-  without  rationsCrZ  dS  *"*''*^=  »'•  '^«.ey 

»Her%rttte;  to 'isti^^'^i-  -f -'  «<•- 

«on«hatyoua.e  patriotit  and  " '^  !  ,'""^^'-  ^^J'  ""Pres- 
wiU  not  censure  me  for  fo1?owin"  A  *"  '.*"•*  ^hat  you 
f  •'.xperience;  norjoin  in  the  sf„«f  ""'*.'""''  ^o-^^els 
aga.nat  me  hy  an  interested  man     ''"''  "'*"""•  ^■''"te'l 

good.    From  deserters  wp  if!     l™^  command  vva» 
•ssued  daily  on  thc7ro„tie£'Xtl*n  *v^\'^  rations  art 
K>ng,  prisoner  at  Port  Genrl  ^•i*'*'' *'''«•    Capt. 
h«s--<<fe,7o„r/nvXotfc^|«r;f^  to  «„  officer 
than  It  appears  have  done"  ^  ""'"*  "/'^f'setes 

ohidi'^'2;,Sentleme„,  with -great  respect,  yoSV  most 

ALEXANfipR  SJIVTH. 

To  Messrs.  Geo.  J\Phure,  TemU  ».•  ^'^«''«'-  G««m,/. 

"OTi—it  being  uncertain  what  ^„  ?      ^*"'''  embarka- 
force  would  Imbark.  !  *  J""""'"'  »f  the  voJwteer 


»  t'v-tj  ftS:  s°^"a  ^*""«W»Vbrigade  Urtea 
''•''.e  fine-d  a  ,L„  "!!:,.. A '='?•'".  '»a>tial.otthis  hS" 
«'  'iesertion  .'—  '-"^'  '"^  <«  /«rf/c«»&,  for  the  <?{;«? 

T2  ' 


^^ 


^2a  HISTORY  OF 

bj  an  hxonorable    and    munificent    patronage,  drawn 
merit  fiom  obscurity  and  genius  from  the  cottage.  ^ 

His  whole  regiment  even  to  a  man,  were  enthusiastic 
cally  attached  to  him.     They  dreaded  notliing  bo  much 
us  his  reproof.     The  patience  and  fortitude  with  whiclir 
he  endurod  the  anguish  of  his  wounds,  and  the  incredi- 
ble fatigues,  severities  and  privations  of  his  passage 
from  Detr  it  to  Sandusky,  and  from  thence  to  Kentucky^ 
surpassed  if  possible  his  courage  on  the  field  of  l>attlc» 
In  the  boisterous  month  of  November,  amid  almost  in- 
cessant rains— witli  five  p^.vere  wounds  which  had  barely 
begun  to  heal,  he  was  ccT/^^eyed  from  his  lodgings  in  De- 
troit, to  a  boat  but  illy  provided  with  hands  and  with 
scarcely  a  covert  from  the  chilling  storms  of  the  season. 
f  -p»Hi9  fortunes  arc  then  eomraitted  to  the  elements— the 
jrail  barge  is  tossed  on  the  tempestuous  lake  by  many 
an  adverse  ga^'^— night  and  day  the  laboring  oars  are 
plied— the  rain  descends  in  torrents— the  able«t  hands 
are  exhausted— for  toil  is  constant  and  sleep  a  stranger. 
Finally,  after  90  hours  of  unremitted  exertion  the  party 
arrive  at  Fort  Stephenson— at  midnight :  ibr  the  inde- 
fati'^able  James  lohnson  was  at  helm,  and  no  obstacle  is 
to  him  insurmountable. 

Here  the  boat  is  abandoned-rand  the  wounded  hero 
h  placed  on  a  litter,  suspended  between  two  horses- 
ihe  rains  recommence ;  but  the  rout  is  continued— a 
dreary  wilderness,  streams  unfordable,  horrible  roads, 
numerous  rivers  and  a  tedious  distance  of  300  mUes 
separated  our  party  from  their  b^oved  Kentucky.  '  Yet 
all  tlii  formidable  impediments  were  overcome  with 
inaeible  perseverance  and  astonishing  celerity. 

TOsi^iot  fiction  nor  exaggeration-It  is  rathx^r  an 
imperfect  picture  ot  thai  ii«icul-uii  aa^   «.-.....,-,.— 


<£-Ji.:ii^4>-  >r^'' 


^Ifid 


THE  LATE  M  Al 

was  80  far  recovered  from  l.i=  ,         '^^"t"<:l<r,  he 

to  the  seat  of  govern,., 'n         ,  '  "'"*  ^'  ^'P*'---! 

S™»«-    The  (kmo  0      "  .      TT^ "'  '^«' '«  ««"- 

«nd  he  „.as  every  « here    '%*""'   P'""""'"'  '""'J 
testi.„„„iau  of  ;jp,  ""«  7-'.v«f.  >vith  di.sti„gui,„«, 

olucvemeute  ahva^ksp  .'""'"'  "''"''  '"^»''=  »- 


'>«r. 


-*'-• 


-ii 


* 


#■ 


..'-^^ 


■HP 


M4 


HISTORY  OF 


m 


i^^^i 


'  Biographical  notice  of  Lieut*  Col.  George 

Croghan, . 

A  FKMALE  correppondent  of  the  Port  Folio,  wha 
during  the  early  years  of  Croghan,  was  an  inmate  un- 
il«r  the  same  roof,  has  given  the  following  sketch  of  his- 
juvenile  character. 

"Though  ingenious  in  his  disposition  and  unassuming 
and  conciliating  in  his  manner,  he  was  remarkable  for 
discretion  and  steadiness.  His  opinions,  when  once 
formed,  were  maintained  with  modest,  but  persevering 
firmness  ;  and  the  propriety  of  his  decisions  ge^ierally 
justified  the  spirit  with  wliich  they  were  defended.  Yet, 
though  rigid  in  his  adherence  to  principle,  and  his  esti- 
mate of  what  was  right  or  improper,  in  cases  of  minor 
importance-he  was  all  compliance.  I  never  met  with  a 
youth  who  would  so  cheerfully  sacrifice  every  personal 
gratilicationto  the  wishes  or  accomodation  of  his  friends. 
In  sickness  and  disappointment  he  evinced  a  degree  of 
patience  and  fortitude  which  could  not  have  been  ex- 
ceeded by  any  veteran  in  the  school  of  misfortune  or 
pl)illll^ophy.  Were  I  asked,  wlmt  were  the  most  prom- 
inent features  of  his  character  ?  or  rather,  what  were 

e  prevailing  dispositions  of  his  mind  ?  at  the  period  of 

idi  I  am  speaking,  I  would  answer  deci&ion  and  tir- 

^Jja^j0yj  the  former  resulting  from  the  uncommon  and 

estimable  qualities  of  his  understanding — the  latter, 

^m  the  concentration  of  all  the  sweet  "charities  of 

life"  in  his  heart.  F 

"  Lieutenant  Colonel  George  Croghan,  was  V&th  at 

A.WUSW     VSiVVCj      »wH&       Hiu     iU.H.S      V4      %,-issvj    -u-«a    — — .-       -^ — r 


m 


left 

in  01 

sucii 

Hisi 

ginia 

crted 

the  SI 

five  s 

ary  ai 

Capta 

or  of 

brothe 

condui 

lie  woi 

mill  tar 

him  th 

wester] 

«<Co 

0U9  and 

ance  ai; 

mandet] 

liim. 

*^  The 

rises  ter 

ent.  .  T] 

read  wit 

^airs,  an 

pec  ting  fc 

Jiing.  and 

tvvelVc  o' 

(or  with 

8J>e  chac 


../^ 


Tim  7,ATK  WilR.  „^ 

His  mo(her  is  the  3112.  r  r  "i"'"'"'^"''"-  '"  <='•'«''-'• 
the  support  of  „rtt  a;;*";  '■''"""'  '^^^"'^  *•"-••<" 
C.iai„-rcl   el  '.''''"■'''"•""  '"Sother  with 

--~^^x::rt?f:r££^ 

I  .__^         U,e  attention  a»d  «l»ir.tion  of  all  who  kne,r 

ent.  They  were  orTTT  "  '"*  P'^""*"-  *«'■ 
.cad  with  d«rX  vvhl  ■"  '""'■''^  """""•J'-  "e* 
r-.S  and  i;  iltttSrto  "'  *»""»'»'7*f- 
Pecting  battles.    His  p 'LpaVl  ""' "*'■ 

"ing  and  hx  hi,nf!n„.      ?.  '^      aninscments  were  gun- 

(«.•  With  noatt.„dat\rt'.K:!:!i!.::r''!,f'»-' 

«^ve  chac.  ,0  the fox,or  hattle t.^^^^;^ 


5SG 


HISTORY  OF 


"  Kothiiig  oflfettded  him  more,  than  for  any  one  eveir 
In  jest,  to  say  a  word  disrespectful  of  Washington. 

«  While  in  the  state  of  Kentucky  his  time  was  prin- 
cipally occupied  by  the  study  of  his  native  tongue — 
geography — the  elements  of  geometry — and  the  Latin 
and  the  Greek  languages.  In  these  ditFerent  branches 
of  literature  he  made  a  respectable  progress. 

«  In  the  year  1808,  He  left  Locust  Grove  for  the  pur- 
pose of  prosecuting  his  studies  in  the  university  of 
William  and  Mary.     In  this  institution  he  graduated 
as  A.  B.  on  the  4th  of  July  1810 ;  and  delivered,  on 
the  day  of  his  graduation,  an  oration  on  the  subject  of 
expatriation.     This,  oration   was  deemed  by  the  audi- 
ence, concise,  ingenious,  and  argumentative,  and  was 
pronounced  in  a  manner  which  did  great  credit  to  his 
oratorical  powers.  ,  The  ensuing  summer  he  attended  a 
course  of  lectures  on  law,  and  upon  the  termination  of 
the  course,  returned  to  his  father's  where  he  prosecuted 
the  study  of  the  sam^ profession,  and  occasionally  in- 
dulged himself  in  pis^elldneous  reading.  Biography  aifid 
history  have  aMays  occupied  much  of  his  attention. 
He  is  an  enthusiastic  admirer  of  the  wrrangs  of  Shake- 
speare, and  can  recite  most  of  the  noted  passages  of 
that  great  poet  and  philosopher.    He  admires  tragedy, 
but  not  comody.     He  is  (as  his  countenance  indicates 
rather)  of  a  serious  cast  of  mind  ;  but  no  one  admires 
more  a  pleasant  anecdote,  or  an  unaffected  sally  of  wit. 
With  his  friends  he  is  affable  and  free  from  reserve- 
bis  manners  are  prepossessing  5  he  dislikes  ostentation, 
and  was  never  heard  to  utter  a  word  in  praise  of  him- 
self; ^    "  ■     '^'  . 
« In  the  autumn  of  1811,  was  fought  the  battle  of 
Tippecp.noe,    This  was  the  first  opportunity  that  oft€r^4 


fori 

n-ith 
of  a 

rison 
theti 
my  H 

ment 
tivitj 

for  wa 

that  << 

the.  tr€ 

ness," 

to  post 

"  Now 

busines 

canoe  1 

ascertai 

the-  nur 

whose  s 

haviii»  J 

observin 

Jegulailj 

pHed  bin 

acts  of  tj 

officers  0 

''  Aftei 

greatly  h. 

^eclaratic 

»y.     Rec 

Und  wer{ 

h^jiyiiiii^g 


of  a  volunteer,  and  Ita  n  '  ^""'''"  *''*  '='«™=t«-- 
risen.  On  the  7th  ,.f  Notr,'"*  "''  *»  ^^»"»'  ««- 
the  troops  under  tl,    ^'''"'"'\'"-  »"  *««Jc  was  made  on 

went  young  Cril"!      ■^"'i  "'"'  ''''"•'S  «'e  enga-^e. 

f"--  war,  that  many  „f  . L  tmln  '''  P™"''  "^  ''«««•'» 
that  «  he  „^  .^rn  a  so  ^  T"'  '"  ""'•"^  ^'"'^kecl 
*he.  troops  of  Tinpecanor,'  *"""  "'•>''''«  ""»<"•» 

»*«^,"  and  dur4'the  t;t.ri'  "*".'"  "  ""''"'"■^i^ 
*o  post,  exclti,^„  tie  cour^g^^  Alrr '''  ."-J-  ^om  posi 
'  ^ow  mj-  brave  feJlow.  5n,    ■   1     ''''  ^^  exclaiming, 
^---s."    Upon  theX7^  fr  "'"  *•*  "'»  "«-» 
canoe  they  were  frequenrl/f     ""P'  '"'■'"»  %P- 
ascertain  the  fate  of  Lir  I-n     ^  *'*"'""  ^'•'"WS  to 
the  number  of  these  t'ave^""  "'  '""''''■    ^-"-S     ' 
;hose  son  was  slain    n  the  bat«r"rr  "«"*  """J 
having  ascertained  the  liL,^    \  *^°'''"«1  C'-<>gh»n 
oh-rvinghis  inabili^to  S"  "^  ^f"''  "•"•«« 
•«gu!aHy  made  his  fires  for  h^  ■""''*  '""'''^  'ahor, 

P'ied  iim  with  prov  ^  i:  2^'' T"'"^' "'"' '"P" 
ac*s  of  this  kind  arlX'  If  r' T*^  ""'"^^-  ^any 
"Seers  of  Tippecanoe!  ""*  ''^  ""*  '"'^iers  and 

"  After  the  battle  nf  'T- 
f  at!r  increased,  and  LIf  t^""'  '"  "'""''•r  «'ior 
-Jeclaration  of  warTe  eXL       T'^*''*  of  *  Speedy 

■7-    R«commenda  ory  f  tters  „f  r""  ^"^"^^'^  *- 
!-«».  -re  written  by'Gentll^lll.r^'"."?"--*: 
--secretary  of  ^ar  qt.^       "" '""*"3««  aiiu  jfoyd 

"-f  "ties  asL.t  Slit  B  iSr  ^  •=»—«- 

^nia.n,  he  was  appointeai  I 


«28  HISTORY  OF 

tain  in  the  1  rth  FCgiment  af  infantry.  He  M^as  fftation^ 
ed  sometime  at  €lark  cantonement,  near  the  tails  ol 
Ohio  5  but  had  not  been  long  in  command  ther«,  betore 
he  was  ordered  to  maixh,  with  what  regulars  he  had,  to 
the  head  quarters  of  the  north  western  army,  then  at 
Detroit.  His  countenance  beamed  with  delight  upon 
receiving  this  order.  Before  thej  had  proceeded  far 
they  heard  of  Hull's  surrender.  \ 

«  Shortly  after  thi^  the  command  of  th«  north  west- 
em  urmy  was  given  to  Oeneriil  Harrison.  Colonel  Cro- 
ghan  commanded  a  short  time  at  Fort  Defiance,  en  the 
Miami,  but  upon  the  defeat  of  General  Winchester,  he 
mm^  ordered  to  Fort  Meigs.  ■ 

His  subsequent  achievements  are  recorded  in  another 

liactMof  tMs  work. 


■ :'  f*  -■ 


^1?D   OF   VOLUME   FIRST. 


■•>  J 


^  i- 


APPENDIX. 


*O^i-0i 


(A.) 
CThesc  letters  were  taken  with  Pm.*    ,    , 

the  5th  of  OctobeV,  [s  Js"!  '  ^'^^^S^K  «"» 
.1, 

thf  f-r;  have  this  moment  reef  &  "T"/?  ^'  ^^ 

one  of  their  scouts,  so  that  *V^^^  *"''■«»  that  day  bv 
contending  parties  it  mav  hi  1""  *=  situation  of^tK 

tKioTrnTdV"  °"°«« wS  ;tUiT  "^^^ «« 

-the  iS^a^So  --i  --'-^'Card*;«:S 


>^^ 


^^^  England,  Sec,  Sr^   ji,     r. 


A.  McJiEE. 


ononis  Hiajestjr's  service.'?) 


f^.^'*r"^  '^^««J  you  this  hv  «  ,.  -^^/'^fi^^.  */i%  J,  If  04 
"X  01  Indians,  evrpr^f  ^k.  ; 


.^\• 


Was,  who 


-'  -ept  th.  D^SrS  &?ot 


IT 


^ 


f"*"- 


^ 


2         '  APPENDIX. 

another  route,  imprudently  attacked  the  fort  on  Mon- 
day the  30th  of  last  month  and  lost  16  or  17  men,  be- 
•icles  a  good  many  wounded. 

Every  thing  had  been  settled  priot  to  their  leaving  the 
fallen  timber,*  and  it  had  been  agreed  upon  to  confine 
themselves  to  taking  convoys  and  attacking  at  a  dis- 
tance from  the  forts,  if  they  should  have  the  address  to 
entice  the  enemy  out ;  but  the  impetuosity  of  the  Mack- 
ina  Indians  and  their  eagerness  to  begin  with  the  near- 
est, prevailed  with  the  others  to  alter  their  system,  the 
consequences  of  which,  from  the  present  appearance 
of  things,  may  not  materially  injure  the  interests  of 
these  people  5  both  the  Mackina  and  Lake  Indians  seem 
resolved  on  going  home  again,  having  completed  the 
beJiMthey  carried  with  scalps  and  prisoners,  having  no 
priilions  there  or  at  the  Glaze  to  subsist  upon,  so  that 
his  ^lesty's  posts  will  derive  no  security  from  the  late 
WeaTinflux  of  Indians  into  this  part  of  the  <jqptry 
should  they  persist  in  their  resolution  of  retzimmg  sq 
soon,  '  . 

fhe  immediatG  object  of  the  attack  was  300  pack 
i^f^rses  going  from  this  fort  to  Fort  Greenville,  m  which 
'  the  Iniisim -completely  succeeded,  taking  and  killing  all 
of  them.  But  the  commamling  officer,  capt.  Cxibson, 
Bending  mit  a  troop  of  cavalry,  and  bringing  his  infan- 
try  out  in  front  of  his  post,  the  Indians  attacked  them 
and  killed  about  50,  among  whom  is  capt.  Gibson  and 
two  otlier  officers*  On  the  near  approach  of  the  Indians 
to  the  fort,  the  remains  of  Ms  garrison  retired  into  it, 


©be 

c 

(En 


Si 
11th 

Ca 

terda 

hadh 

As 

man  a 

and  fl 

party 

pulsed 

threw 

Scou 

and  W 

dians  fi 

ment  in 

strengtl 

ihav 

your  mc 


they  can  prevau  on  ihc  juur^  inv^i^..^  ^ -  ^ 

without  provisions,  ammunition,  ^'c.hein^^  sent  to  that 
^CericoncHv.  it  ^Ul  be  ea^tvmn^y  di^c^to  Jc,ep 

them  together^  ,^ 


(mg\\t 


Supiiosed  to  be  the  j.kce  where  WayHt'd  batik 


Rages  a 
^wan  ere 
^^'•y  conv 


O" 


APPENDIX. 

^^>S:^:::^^:i^^n^  to  be,  ,„..  J 

fv^f  ^^.^^««rf,  commandant  at  n.,    v  ^.:  ^^^^ ^RE. 

ni.  .  . 

had  here,  '"^  ^""^  ^'^  ^mw  whkh  the  tfaCs 


»nd  Roche  de  Bout,  and^aft^"'"? '''*'**«»  «»«  lEe 
party  of  Delawares  in  *r  ?"«'^''ards  attacked  a  lm.U 
pulsed  with  tCTZ  o?  *''*"■  '""IP'-  but  ther  we,^*"^" 
th-.w  into  therfc  Vhey\%:^r  ^.-^r  ei&w"; 

yo-  most  ohedient  ;„d''';e^la  f^V^ **'  ^'V 
Co/.  England,  *c  ^^  ^.   n  .  -^'  McKEE 

IV 

•^w-ght  me  iTJ"??.  i'"""  Gen.  Way^e'^ri."'"'*  y"^- 

,  ■  ■»-      - 


4  APPENDIX. 

eyening,  it  is  supposed  on  account  of  the  sick  and  woun- 
ded, many  of  wliom  they  bury  every  day.. 

1  propoee  being  in  town  in  a  day  or  two,  when  I  hope 
for  tVie  pleasure  of  paying  you  my  respects. 
/   I  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  the  greatest  respect,  sir, 
ttHirniost  obedient  and  very  humble  servant, 
■  A.  McKEE. 

CoL  England,  Sfc.  ^c.  Sfc.  Detroit, 
(Endorsed  "  on  his  majesty's  service.'^ 

(B.) 

JExtracts  of  letters  to  the  secretartj  of  war,  laid  before 

Coufj^ress  June  llth,  1S\2, 
,  HProm  Capt.  Dunham,  of  the  United  States'  Army. 
'^U  '  "  Michilimackinac,  Man  ^^f  1^07. 

tPJphere  appears  to  be  a  very  general  and  extensive 
movement  among  the  savages  in  this  quarter.    Belts  of 
wampum  are  rapidly  circulating  from  one  tribe  to  anoth- 
er, and  a  spirit  is  prevailing  by  no  means  pacific.    The 
enclosed  f«/fc  which  has  been  industriously  spread  among 
them  needs  no  comment. 
«  There  is  certainly  mischief  at  thi  bottom,  and  there 
can  be  no  doubt  in  my  mind  that  the  object  and  inten- 
tion of  this  ^i-c^t  Maniton  or  second  Adam,  under  the 
pretence  of  rc-itoriug  to  the  aborigines  their  former 
independence,  and  to  tbe  savage  character  its  ancient 
pao:'i!;ies,  is  in  reality  to  induce  a  general  ellbrtto  ralltf 
and  io  strike,  somewhere  a  desperate  blow. 
"«•  Extract  fro?n  a  talk  delivered  at  Le  Maiouitinong, 
entrance  of  lake  Michigan,  by  the  Indian  Ch^ef  Le 
Maij^ouis,  or  tlie  Trout,  May  4, 180r  i  ^        ,- 

«1  am  the  father  of  the  English,  of  the  French,  ot 
i^e  Spaniard^  and  of  the  Indiana.  I  created  the  first 
man,  who  was  the  common  lather  of  all  these  people  as 
v/ell  as  yourselves  ;  and  it  is  tbrougli  him,  whom  I  have 
awakened  from  his  long  sleep,  that  I  now  address  you, 
But  the  Americans  I  did  not  make  $  they  are  not  my  cm- 
dren.  hut  the  children  of  evil  Spirits,  They  grew  from 
the  scuxp  of  the  gi-eat  waters  when  it  was  troubleu  m 
the  evil  Spirit,  and  the  froth  was  driven  into  the  wpadb 


^ 


APPENDIX. 

V  a  strong  east  wind     Ti,-,  ^ 

them,    fy  childreS,  yorZt  w  """'T^'  •»•*  I  Late 

Each  village  must  sen's  Te  twn  „    P"'*  *»  '"'t'-^ct  yoo^ 

^    « "S^r  °^  the  United  Sf«/   ,  a       --i 
"  TFm  "^^^fnliniacJci^nA    a  ^***es'  Army. 

,    ,.  ^"e  cause  of  iW  y^JJl^i    o^^^9  *Ausust  SO  ifilrV 

towns  uifh    ^^""^^^^attamie  IndiluA^'^^'^^  *<>  in- 
Prom  GeneralWilHamcS"' ""■"•"    ' 


msst  jo: 


•in 


6  APPENDIX, 

•ff  from  their  lands.  They  told  the  savages,  tl  at  the 
Americaiis,couia  not  give  them  a  blanket  nor  ai«}  thing 
«ood  for  their  families.  ,   ,     ,  xi 

«<  They  said  they  had  but  one  father  that  helped  them 
in  their  misfortunes,  and  that  they  would  aaiemble, 
defend  their  father,  and  keep  their  lands.  It  appears 
that  four  English  subjects  have  been  at  Riviere,  a  la  Roche 
this  winter,  in  disguise  ;  they  have  been  there  to  get 
the  nations  togethor  and  send  them  on  the  American 
frontiers.  The  Indians  are  pushed  on  by  out  enemies 
to  tic  the  fort  of  Belle  Vue." 

From  Samuel  Tupper,  Indian  factor. 

«  Sandusky^,  7th  June,  1809. 
«  The  conduct  of  British  traders  introducing  spiritu- 
m:8  liquors  akong  the  Indians  in  this  part  of  the  countiT" 
andtSeir  determined  hostility  to  the  measures  of  ^our 
government,  have  long  been  subjects  of  complaint. 
From  Governor  William  Hull. 

"  Defroif,  Jiune  16, 1809. 

f<  The  influence  of  the  Prophet  has  been  great,  and  hi^ 
*dvice  to  the  Indians  injurious  to  them  and  the  United 
States.    The  powerful  influence  of  the  British  has  becR 
exerted  in  a  way  alluring  to  the  savage  character. 
From  Governor  Harrison. 

«  Fiwceanes,  l^th  June,  laiOj^ 
«  All  Iowa  Indian  i«f«rms«ie,  that  two  years^ago  this 
Glimmer,  an  asent  from  the  British,  arrived  at  tne 
CpTet'sZvnfandinhi.prcsencedrfiveredth^^^^ 

..ee  with  which  he  was  charged  :  .*« /X""'*:^^ 
wSrh  was  to  urire  the  Prophet  to  uiute  as  many  tribes 
:,1tc6u1d  a^^st  the  uled  States,  W  .ot  to  co„, 
«encc  hostilities  until  they  gave  the  8\S"»1;.  %°™  r? 
„S  and  others  of  hi.  nation,  I  learn  fhat  the  Jj«P»f 
has  been  constantly  soliciting  their  o^>  V ''f,'* »  f  S/'  ^^^^^ 
of  the  Mississippi  to   join  him  against  the  Un.teU 

States."  -» 

From  Governor  Harrison, 

"  Vmcennts,  July  lS,jeiV- 
«  A  eonsiderablo  mimber  of  Sacs  ^ei't  «o.ue  ume 
since  tS  see  the  British  superi»t*#a»t,  and  "U  the  l»t 


6i 


APPENDIX. 
ir^taue,  mj  more  parsed  Chicago  for  the  aa«.  desti- 

anLd  wi^UoMahLntfteX:'''''''*'"^"^''  from  hi. 

tooied  donation  of t>odf,ir.V""''''.T"''  *«  ''"«^- 
British  agent :  "MfsonL-rnv  addressed   by  the 

mjr  tomahawk  is  now  „n-h?r"'''^'',"'\'=''  •""»<=; 
strilce  until  I  give  Kila'aK"  '"''  '"'*''•'''  *"•*  ''»  »»' 

From  General  William  Clark. 

vi.t  to  tsrifia^s  o^prt"  v,:i;:  ,r  t^r  *- 

From  Governor  W.  H.  Harrison.       ,^_      *%■ 

"  There  can  be  no  douhf  nf  T'a"^''  "^"^'J^*  *810.       . 
-d    British   a^:^?!^:^?!- o^tWProphet 

«dhimtofEart^ththeln.r  ""t.'^*  ^"'"'t'-y  prompt-' 
them  and  Genf  Wage's  armv^B"".*"  '"'"''=  ''*''^««» 
•ppointment  to  thT  nrinS' ,  "^  ''"''  "^^  «'n<=e  W* 
endeavors  to  excite  hLJaw?  ^»f ".'J'  "^•^'^  ^s  utmost 
which  he  iraHowld  to  ca  f^  the  'avish  manner  in 
shews  that  his  eovernL^f  f'*'^"*'  *""»nS«t  them, 
«nd  authorizes  ffs  mea"u"*s.^'  '"^'***''  "'  ^'''"»^%,, 
From  Governor  William  Hull. 

«  Large  bodies  of  Indianl'  from 'ti;:''"^  T'  '  ®.'°- 
southward  continue  to  vfsrtL  BrLh^„  I'.'t^l  '"^  ' 
hurg,  and  are  supnlied  with  r.\v.f-  •      ^    *  '*  AmKerstt 

nv  Hnnpaxr«,.«.i  ^ V     ,.    -Q— ""^*"  ^awauiinave  not 


th^BritisbgU:re„l^Zv2lLT '^?'i**'^  ^"* 
^"ij  endeavored  to  make  fhp'fniJ-I'"  \«"«««  "ave  j^ot 

-      e.e„ies,M.th":,%^JS;-^^^^ 


yo\ir 


8 


APPENDIX. 


our  wan  lord  to  poison  their  minds  and  make  them  break 
tlieir  faith  with  you.  At  the  same  time  we  had  infor- 
mation that  the  British  had  circulated  war  belts  among 
the  west«rQ  Indians,  and  within  your  terrirory." 

From  John  Johnson,  Indian  agent. 

"  Fort  Wayne,  Ju^ust  7,  1810. 
«  Since  writing  you  on  the  25th  ultimo,  about  one 
Imndred  men  of  the  Saukies  have  returned  from  the 
British  agent,  wlio  supplied  them  liberally  with  every 
thing  they  stood  in  want  of.  The  party  received  47 
riflf^  and  a  number  of  fusils,  with  plenty  of  powder 
and  lead.  This  is  sending  firebrands  into  the  Mississippi 
country ,ina9mucli  as  it  will  draw  numbers  of  our  Indians 
to  the  British  side,  in  the  hope  of  being  treated  with 
the  same  Uberality." 

From  Governor  W.  H.  Harrison. 

'^  Vincennes,  February  6,  1811. 
<f  If  the  intentions  of  the  British  governmcat  are 
pacific,  the  Indian  department  of  Upper  Canada  have 
not  been  made  acquainted  with  them,  for  they  have  very 
lately  said  every  thing  to  the  Indians  who  have  visited 
tliem  to  excite  tliem  against  us." 

From  John  Johnson. 

^i  Fort  fVayne,  February  S,1S11. 
u  *****  has  been  at  this  place.  The  information 
derived  from  him  is  the  same  as  I  have  been  in  posses- 
sion of  for  several  years,  to  wit :  The  intrigues  of  the 
British  agents  and  partizans  in  creating  an  influence 
hostile  to  our  people  and  government,  within  our  terri- 
tory.'^ 

From  M.  Irwin,  Indian  factor. 

'' Chicago,  May  13,  ISU, 
•«  An  assemblage  of  the  Indians  is  to  take  place  on  a 
branch  of  the  Illinois,  by  the  influence  of  the  Prophet; 
the  result  will  be  hostile  in  the  event  of  a  war  with 
Great  Britain."  ^ 

From  Governor  W.  H.  Harrison.  . 

"  Vincennes*  Sevtemher  17.  1811. 
«♦****  states  that  almost  every  Indian  from  th« 
country  above  this  had  been,  or  were  thep  gone  to  Mai** 


APPENDIX. 

tum.  If  thentlXfis  n*,„f<f  '"'"»«';' "f  thfir  re- 
'ng  to  instigate  (I.e  Im  iiL'f?  V"  ''*''">'  «n<le»vor- 
s  mil  be  in  ?hcir  ncigl^o Zd  at  th.  ''"  "P""  "«'  *« 
the  impressions   whfch  hiVr.  h„  ^^ry  moment  when 

-St  .ctive^in  i^:^^TtZZ:/^^'^^^  -  arc 

Jo  Maiden.  The  result  of  the  cJi  S^P"""?  to  ?<►; 
the  whole  tribes  (includine  the  wlf  '''^'=t*"•l  *>** 
lor  thejr  are  all  MlamiesTwerp  ,),7f '  *','.''  ^^'  '"ers 
favor  of  the  Prophet,  She  u±d"  s^^"^  ?'^''^«^  '» 
the  Wea  chief,  whom  I  before  m„„i**'?-  ^apoftsier 
>ng  seduced  by  the  Pronhettr  *"'""*  *«  ?<"•  «s  be- 
•  •  •  •  •  what  land  i^  was  k  A!  '■*'P«''t«dl/asfced  by 
.lefend  with  his  blood  jXhAh'?,  "'*'  i«t«™med  to 
ceded  by  the  late  treaty  w  not  h.fT  *''**  W»ici.  was 
answer.  ^    "^  ""t,  but  he  would  give  no 

bashLVe;;;^:^*^^*-*^"  the  I^^jans  of  the  Wa- 

"gents  at  Maiden.  He  hrsn.vo,/'''*  *»  "^e  British 
many  goods  given  to  *l.»  t  r  '  '""'^"  ""e  fourth  as 
tributiSg.     ife  examinpH  If'T  *'  *''«:''  ^'^  now  dis- 

ehief  a„=d  found  S he  had'  t •"''J'^  °'"=  """>  (»»  » 
25  jwunds  of  Bovd^,.    rr.      "^eccived  an  elegant  rifle 

He  says  every  Indian  is  fuln  ^  V^'^l  »*er  articles 
"fle  or  fusiJ)  and  anlbund,^       r  "^   '"'"'  »  «»"  ("ther 

^'■o(  this  cou„t.t  was  ^2Tvl^T™l?''r•    '^  fa. 
Maiden,  and  was  told  th^ttK-^      *''^'''"S«  ^toies  at 

the  Indian  departmen  ,  which'l.^rK*"^  "*'  SO^^s  for 
>^ar,  exceeded  that  of  com 'o„''^''  '"T"  »«"*  »»t  this 
■sterling.  It  is  impossiWe  tn  ,.  ^t"^  ^J-  ^O'OOOpounds 
anr  other  motive  tVan  that  l^r  ?    I'-''^  •*'*  profusion  to 

ake  up  the  tomahawk  "iVcSf"^*''''  ^■""'"'^  to 
trade  5  for  all  the  peltry  collar  In  V°  '*""■*>  their 
Wabash  in  nn.  ,  J'!  f/  collected  on  the  waters  of  tl,» 
wdWd  not  «;;"■;/'?''.".  '"l^'  .">  the  Lon  '        " 


w()teld 

S'ven  to  the  fodjans 


not  pay  the  frwVht  nf  Vl  j  '^?"''''"   '"a'-ket, 

«  the  Indians    ^"  °^  *''"  ^oods  which  have  been 


10 


APPENDIX. 


«  I  tm  decidedly  of  opiniori  that  the  tendency  of  tho- 
the  British  measures  is  hostility  to  us." 

From  Governor  Willi*  Blount. 

"  jyiishville,  September  11,  1811. 
«  There  is  in  this  place  a  very  noted  chief  of  the 
Chickasaws,  a  man  ot  truths  who  wishes  the  President 
should  be  informed  that  there  is  a  combination  cf  the 
northern  Indians,  promoted  by  the  English,  to  unite  in 
falling  on  the  frontier  settlements,  and  arc  inviting  the 
southern  tribes  to  join  th«m;"  ^ 

From  Governor  Ninian  Edwards. 
Cahokiay  SL  Clair  county,  Illinois  TerrUory,  Jpril 

24,  1812. 
«The  opinion  of  the  celebrated  British  trader, 
IKxon,*'i3,  that  in  the  event  of  a  British  war,  all  the 
Indians  will  be  opposed  to  us,  and  he  hopes  to  engage 
them  in  hostility  by  making  peace  between  the  Sioux 
Bttd  Chippewas,  two  very  large  nations,  and  getting 
them  to  ueclare  war  against  us.'' 
Extract  ofa  letter  from  his  excellency  Ninian  Edwards, 
Governor  of  the  Illinois  territory  to  the  secretary 

of  war,  dated 
i^  Illinois  Territory 9  January  25, 1812. 
«  Miiny  of  those  Indians  certainly  contemplate  join- 
ing the  British.      Thev  are  in  the  habit  of  visiting  fort 
Maiden  annually  ?    nd  as  soon  as  they  are  prepared  ioc 
their  depa^  ture      ither,  they  will   (as  I  believe   they 
have  already  declared)  make  inroads  upon  oui   settle- 
mmts,  as  well  to  take  scalps  as  to  steal  horses." 
Extract  of  a  letter  from  Gen..  William  Clark,  to  the 

secretary  of  war  dated 

"  St.  Louis,  February  13, 1812. 
<<  If  possession  was  taken  of  a  point  about  the  mouth 
of  Fox  river,  where  it  enters  into  Green  Bay,  comuui- 
mcati'ins  would  be  cut  off  between  the  traders  and 
India,  on  the  Mississippi  below  Prairie  du  Chieii,  and 
the  British  trading  houses  on  the  lakes  J^jmu^liDg 
might  he  prevented  through  iliai  cuaBrici.  mr.  i^iSQw, 
md  those  British,  who  are  also  asents,  who  have  sn\ug- 
gUd  an  immense  quantity  of  goods  through  that  «^»^*: 


this 

on  t 

fieri  j 

tow 

thiit 

large 

to  be 

wher 

Extpf 


'<Ii 
xonfc 
cent!  J 
is  not 
they  a 
our  fn 
winter 
pay  hii 
erable 
^▼ith  a 
«A 

Wlnne 

British 
to  learr 

Extract 


«It^ 

hunting 

of  the  S 

goes,  Ki 

six  days 

^f  powd 

from  Ca; 

^  <<  It  al 

&<3!i|Det 

1^1  SL  gn 

r-»Die  tinu 

*tantly  g^ 


APPENDIX.  jj 

•cnption  of  people  ms^  at " v-^***  "^"P^'     ^his  dc- 
tWt  is  American  5  ha^ L  it  in    k  ?  '"""  "a^  thisg 

*.«racts  of  a  letter  from  John  Shaw  P«„  r   r  i 

"  I*  appears  tl.»t**l.f  r'  .^   ^'  ^''  '"o-  lOtt,  I812 

centl^  manifesteSiffn  the  co^T"*'*'.*^'*  «"^- 
•s  not  changed.  By  every  thinL^tf.fr  ""  *^.^  ^*'»»h. 
thej  are  secretly  Drotti»7t,wJ^i    *''^  aWe  to  learn! 

our  frontier  J  a.fd'^  f  "fa M  t!t 'th  "  'f''"t  ^^"^  »» 
winter  invited  by  the^R,S         wey  1,ave  been  this 

Payhimavisit/anditnetl'isa^f  ^/' ?»«"«„,  to 
erable  number  of  thom^llrl    *,*  '^'^  *»*  »  censU- 

"^A%t::ch^-s4"^v~^^^^ 

Wlntrc"\^^:&rat'»i^aye  ^en  r^^^^^^  Bentt. 
Bntisha^ntjbuttowh^r  '='"*/'  '™'n  K"'ot,  the 
to  learn?'      '■   "*  *"  '"'"'*  P^l-ose,  1  haye  not  been  able 

Extracts  ofa  letter  from  John  Shaw  F<»,  r  .• 

to  the  secretar/of  ,2:  S?e/"'^'"  "S*"* 

,   «  It  has  been     Jrt«nfv%"''' H""- >«*.  J8I2.  ' 

hunting  a  few  milcs'^rom  l5^,%wT'  ^"/'f'  ^»"'  '^a* 
ol  the  Shawanee  proobS',  h!' *,  **  ^^""^"^y  f°^  Indians 
|oe3,  Kickapoos  aCfcS'  Sdt-  "'  ^'""''"'- 
sixdays  ago,  on  their  wJtTs'nCl    f"  '"""P  "''<"" 

te  tdr:^/-^'  -''^ '^  ^?"S{*e'ser  t-hti: 

4  fiSitTffJr^^^^^^^^^^  ofa  gentlemaa 

Wtfi  a  small  nart v  „«•  t  "™**'.i  ^'''woWomje  cAtVr  j 

.^±,*-'-^P?^'t7encamp;dr4'e\ti^'".^!°/- -?-«!- 
ttmg  provisions  from  the 


■**.4 


*taotljr 


t'itlsh  at  Fort  Mai 


#% 


IS 


APPENDIX. 


H 


den,  and  that  it  is  firmly  believed  that  he  is  waiting  for 
a  signal  from  Elliot,  the  British  agent  to  commence  hos- 
tilities on  our  frontier." 
Extracts  of  a  letter  from  Robert  Forsyth,  Esq.  to  Capt. 

Rhea  commanding  at  Fort  Wayne,  dated 
;    :  «  Fort  Wayne,  March  lOt^,  1812. 

«  I  have  no  doubt  but  those  Indians  that  passed  this 
pd^  some  time  ago,  are  a  deputation  sent  to  the  British 
garrison  for  the  purpose  of  procuring  ammunition." 

«  iThe  Morpock,  a  Pattawattemie  chief,  has  wintered 
ajkriVef  Huron,  about  twenty  miles  from  the  garrison  of 
AJkher8tburg,and  has  drawn  provisions  and  ammunition 
'diMig  the  whole  winter.  He  has  about  twenty  men 
wifllhim." 

Eitrict  of  a  letter  from  B.  F.  Stickney,  Esq.  Indian 
agent,  to  his  excellency  W.  H.  Harrison,  dated 

«  Fort  Wayne,  *ipril  18, 1812. 
'  "Mr.  Shaw  has  informed  j^ou  that  twenty  four  of  the 
Prophet's  band  had  passed  tlus  plaice  in  the  last  of  Feb- 
ruary, for  Fort  Maiden,  to  receive  ammunition,  which 
was  promised  to  be  ready  for  them.  They  returned  on 
the  4th  instant,  with  as  much  gun  powder,  lead  and  new 
fusils  as  they  could  carry.'^ 


I- 


APPENDIX. 


a 


(D) 

^m'T'  '''"*'"*«^«'.  on  Lake  Leech,  Feb  18n« 

sir—As  a  proprietor  of  the  N    W     ' '**• '^*'- 

director  of  the  Zond  fill  tL  i        :     *•  '^'"npany,  and 

f  y  d.ty  a,  an  officeVof  fC  uS^l'  ^  ^"'"^^ive  it 
*-?"rtory  you  are)  to  address  voit^M*"*'"'  .('»  ^^ose 
ofthe  many  houses  under  vo^fr^n*"''^>'*"'  *'•«  subject 
ler  of  the  greatest  co  „me^,ciI/":t;"'*l""V  -^^  « ""cm- 
a  company  long  renow.Ted  for  nf^-  "  "1  *''"  "«'<''  and 
t.ons  and  greatness  of  v  ewf  vn,  "  ''''*'","  "^  *'"'""'«=- 
the  rigor  oTthe  Iaw,ofX  d'uti  "  ,!?"""'  ""^  'sno^nt  of 
power.  ''">  ""ties  of  iroj-orts  of  a  foreign 

with  the  savlael"// 'b1-*:'^i  *"15'  S*''*  tlieriglit  of  trade 
territories,  bufbvnfm^!':  ^'''^"'^  '"  the  uSfted  States 
ing  the  duties  Za"„inril'  "'"'"'^^"^  *''«'»  from  pay! 
all  the  rules  a^d  est^i^li'ri*'''  "I"'  subscrihing  ^nto 
cs^biishments  ^,:^*S^^-}  «"*•%-. 


"^»iy  acquired  territoiv  nfl^?-  ■        "  centre  of  our 
l-Tobably  yet  beco.nc  a  q^„e,tt„  .T'''  "'  ">'ich  it  ,vil 
prnments,  if  our  treaties  wf|l,?,«"'*'5''*«"  «•«  t>vo  gov. 
jects  to  enter  into  the  India,  T  '"""^  the  Hritish  tub- 
fs  in  the  „t!,er  pa  (s  of  om  Z'"''.' ""*''«  ^«™e 'iH.tn" 
l-e^n  an  integral^a  t  ot"  the  l,T^'^  '  *''"  "«»  havii^J 
«  .^a;d  treaty^    oir  t  adc  s  to  « '**'  ^!f '*^'  **  '^e  tim? 
Mississippi,  complain  ?op„V"!'f  '""*'''  «»  the  Lower 
that  the  members'  of  the  ^^^v^;*'■''""="t,  with  justice, 
«n  the  frontiers  of  our  N  w  't^.T''^"'  ""'<='«  them 
tiie  savages  upon  superior  t«mr"'^'i.'""' *^'"'«^  it 
fonl,  who  pay  the  duSes  of  the?  i  ","''•'"  ""^  "^a"  af- 
Europe.andsMbscrihWo"'- -^"?'"'.''s  ""iwted  fm™  ' 
fe-  ""=  ''^euiatioDs  prescribed  by 

f-  .-presentations  ,.ave  at  length  attracted  tKe 


(T' 


\ 


14 


APPENDIX. 


attention  of  our  government  to  the  object  in  auestioii, 
and  with  an  intention  to  do  themselves  U3  well  as  citi- 
zens justice,  they  the  last  year  took  some  steps  to  as- 
certain  the  facts,  and  make  provision  against  the  grow- 
ino-  evil.     With  chis,  some  geographical,  and  also  local 
objects  in  view  was  1  dispatched  with  discretionary  or- 
ders, with  a  party  of  troops  to  the  source  of  the  Missis- 
sippi.    I  have  found,  sir,  your  commerce  and  estahlish- 
itients,  extended  beyond  our  most  exaggerated  ideas, 
and  in  addition  to  the  injury  done  our  revenue,  by  the 
evasion  of  the  duties,  other  acts  which  are  more  partic- 
ularly injurious  to  the  honor  and  dignity  of  our  govern- 
ment.    The  transactions  alluded  to,  are  the  presenting 
mzdals  of  hi«  Britannic  majesty,  and  jfa^s  of  the  said 
government,  to  the  chiefs  and  warriors  resident  in  th« 
territory  of  the  United  States.    If  political  su^-  ots  are 
strictly  prohibited  to  our  traders,  what  w''      •  oe  the 
ideas  of  th^  executive  to  see  foreigners  making  chiets, 
and  distributing  Rags,  the  standard  of  an  European  pow- 
6r.    The  savages  being  accustomed  to  look  on  tnat 
standard,  which  had  been  the  only  prevailing  one  tor 
years,  as  that  which  alone  has  authority  in  the  country, 
It  would  not  he  in  the  least  astonishing  to  eee  them  re- 
volt  from  the  United  States,  limited  subjection  which  is 
claimed  over  them  by  the  American  government,  ana 
thereby  be  the  cause  of  their  receiving  a  chastisement , 
although  necessary,  yet  unfortunate  as  they  have  been 
letl  astray  by  the  policy  of  the  traders  of  your  country. 
I  must  likewise  observe,  sir,  that  your  establishments, 
if  properly  known,  would  be  looked  on  with  an  eye  ot 
dissatisfaction  by  our  government,  for  another  reason, 
viz.  there  being  so  many  furnished  posts  m  case  or  a 
rupture  between  the  two  powers,  the  English  govern- 
ment would  not  fail  to  make  use  ol  those  as  places  ot 
deposit  of  ar.us,  ammunition,  &c.  to  be  distributed  to 
the  savaKCS  wl  o  joined  their  arms  ;  to  the  great  annoy, 
ance  of  o^r  territory,  and  the  loss  of  the  lives  of  many 
.a-  n,. V  ^;*wpr,«.     Ynur  ilaffs.  sir,  when  hoisted  in  inclo- 
sed works,  are  in  direct  contradiction  of  the  iaT/m  ot  «».• 
tions,  and  their  practice  in  like  cases,  which  qUJ  fkOr 


n^. 


APPENDIX.  •     j5 

an,UMiJ"'*'°M'''S'''^^"?  expanded  on  board  of  vessels, 
and  at  the  residence  of  Ambassadors,  or  consuls  I  -im 
no   Ignorant  of  the  necessity  of  jour  being  hsd.  a  ^ 

.  savages,  or  the  more  deliberate  plans  of  the  intended 
r^^anderer;  and  under  those  considerations,  ha  el  con. 
sidered  your  stockades.  a»«-icon. 

must'b^^lf'-''  "'?!"">•  "f^l.ich  you  are  a  member. 

"trict  iL.?"''"""f.*';°'"  fi*^  '"■•^pi-S  statement  that 
strict  justice  would  demand,  and  I  assure  vou  that  the 

fctn'^?',""**'"'  """l""  circumstances,  i  touf co 
fines  n^f\-  f'X''^y'  Pefsonal  in.prisonmeut  and 
reason  to  t llnrjv""  ^'^"^'ion^y  instrWtions  and  r.o 
ilfwrn  it  J-  *^'^*^»^e  conduct  was  dictited  througli 
t  in  s  .rJl'!'"'''".?*  *"  ourgoveiimient,  and  conceiVi^s 
«cer  to  enbi'r^K'']^*.'"^  '''■°'"  *'''  ''""'^cter of ai,  o{" 
kxvs  I  am  win  *'  ^'"''  opportunity  of  executing  tl.ose 
«»s,  1  am  willing  to  sacriBce  mv  niosuect  nf  mi.,.  *^ « 

fo  e  to'V„  ■'^t'^f  "'^  •"  ♦!'«  transaction,  I  have  thcre- 
)JZu\^'^l  If  J""'  i^ssurances  on  the  follonin.v 
heads,  wnich  setting  aside  the  ci.icancrv  of  la  as  !: 
gent  eman,  you  will  .fdctly  adhere  to  :  vil-  '  '  " 
vnnr  1  /"i"  "      '"*'■''  'epiesentations  to  your  a -ent-  at 

>Olir    head    nnnrfai.c    ««  T  „ !._   c-  •  jy'*'-  '*c>^"-i^^i<».l 


your  D„^ts1/l'"Hl"  ??'  '"'"'f Jli'ife  instructions  ft  all 

«ai  ^tdyt:;"J^I  V;:l"%';\^,*- --.ion,prese^ 
Aofifipnl  cK^'..: T.""  *  '^^"*  t:ounciis  with 


16 


APPE?^DIX. 


American  9^nU,  informing  them  tliat  they  are  the  only 
persons  authorised  to  hold  councils  of  a  political  nature 
with  them. 

Theie  are  many  other  suhjects,  Guch  as  the  distribu- 
tion of  liquor,  &c.  which  woald  be  too  lengthy  to  be 
treated  of  in  detiiiU  But  the  company  will  do  well  to 
furnish  themselves  with  our  laws,  regulating  the  cxmi- 
merce  with  the  savages,  and  regulate  lliemselves  in  our 
territories  accordingly.  I  embrace  this  opportunity,  io 
acknowledge  myself  and  command  under  singular  obli- 
gations to  yourselves  and  agents,  for  the  aj^Mstance  which 
yott  have  rendered  us,  and  the  ])o!ite  treatment  with 
which  I  have  been  honored.  With  acntimeuta  of  high 
respect,  for  the  establishment  and  yourself. 
1  am,  sir,  Your  obedient  sCiTant, 

Z.  M.  PIKE. 
Hugh. WGiUh,  Esq. 
A-oprietor  and  a^ent  of  the  N.  W.  company, 
established  at  Zond  Du  Lac. 

Leech  Lake,  15th  F^'^nmrz/,  1 806. 
SIR,— .Your  address  pre:?enfed  on  t!ie  6th  inst.  has  at- 
tracted my  moiit  serious  consideration  to  the  several  ob- 
jects of  duties  on  iitiportatrons,  of  presents  made  to,  and 
our  consultations  with  Indians  5  of  encloiing  our  stores 


as  possible  present  the  agents  af  the  N.  W.  Cojupany 
with  yourrepreseotations  regarding  the  paying  duties 
on  tl>e  importation  wf  goods  to  he  sent  to  our  establish- 
ments within  ti.e  bounds  of  the  territory  of  the  Unltel 
States,  as  atso  their  being  entered  at  the  custom  house 
of  Michilimackinac.  hut  I  beg  to  be  allavvcd  to  present 
fur  consideration,  that  the  majur  part  of  the  pods  neces- 
sary >to  be  sent  to  the  said  establishments  for  the  trade 
of  the  ensuing  winter,  are  novv  acttially  in  our  stores  at 
Kamanitiguia,  our  head  quartet  s  on  liiike  Superior,  a;ul 
that  it  would  cause  us  vast  expence  and  #(>»b!c  to  btf 
obliged  to  convey  those  goods  back  to  Michpniackinaf 
to  be  entered  at  the  custom  house  tlfice  ;  maJkim'^^^'t 


APPENDIX.  i^ 

Wnty  of  a  UtL^hZTr'^^.t^  equivalent  to  the  cer- 
never  been  to  injure  vout-  tS^  '•  "•'""  "Mention  has, 
tablished  by  laT  TehontT' P''^"'S  *•'''''«««  es- 

your government  resDefitin?n.n  -epresentations  to 

ans,  may  have  LeffiT^J    •*!'""T' "''"' t^e  Indi- 

gerated  iy  envy  to  pr^udi^!  „.?'-'^°*^'  ""•»  "»*  e^g- 
a  stain  on  our  chara'S?  if-  u ''  'n^'^sts*  and  to  throw 
face  from  Zo  n^ndllfi  ^tlV^  ?">"'■•«  "'"^to  "f- 
consider  ourselves  .-ndebtSfl  £  'n"  l"''?"'  ^^^  ""-at  ever 

of  which  the  preLnt  I't  „ot,bt  atlt''""''''"'''' 
enclosures  to  protect  on  •  .J^         »  testimony.    The 

conceive  tliat  such  Doo.sl.rft,?,^''''  ".•"■  ^°  '''e  now 
the  British goveinZnt  In/trl'  "'^^  '"'  '""Pl-yed  by 
"ood,  so  adequate  to  e^ervm^*''^  overshadowed  wit^ 
short  period  ol  time  be  hudf  f7  ''  -^""^  '"'8''*  «  a 
ad.  we  may  have^c^LittteT™'  '"  ^"^  ^*-''- 

edge  we  ha've"  be'enir'tt'  "'  *^^  f""^  »  "knowF- 
^  iew  on  your  terH?,.'?!   ^       commit,  by  cxliibitinff  to 

I  will  plidli  ,;"'  f  Z    "^  '^'""'''^''  -^^  Great  I}' fain 

the  future  display  of.a  B.itii?  P"!?'"^'  *"  P'event 
medals,  or  the  Jul,  1^  tn  t  m'''  ^'  ''*  P'-esentingof 

of  European  powe  ,  «  "itlS  'tu"::,'  ''7  ?"'«^»Srfc 
known  to  belono- f„  *i,l  T*  •   ■   "'^  extent  of  territoi-v 

The  custom  fel^gten^e^l^KH  ?'  '■'"^  '-[""*'*  ^tates^ 
ly  and  inolTensivelytas  we  imw  ".  "u^  »'e""=ocent. 
toittillthepreslritday       """S'"*'^'  ^ave  confojmed 

fciif^  f^-.T _•.       '^'^  ""    pOlUiCal  SublPrf«    /.^ -^       ,. 


_*«.'  

inrxo  our  trade,  and  .efereuc^skll  b^'Z, 


V2 


mad* 


•■^(At.;iii-. 


18 


APPEKDli. 


id  the  American  agents,  should  any  application' be  made 
worthy  such  reference  5  and  be  assured  that  we  as  a 
commercial  company  must  find  it  ever  our  interest  to 
interfere  as  little  as  possible  with  affairs  of  government 
in  the  course  of  trade  ;  ignorant  as  we  arc  in  this  rude 
and  distant  country  of  the  political  views  of  nations. 

We  are  convinced  that  the  inestimable  advantage^ 
arising  from  the  endeavours  of  your  government,  to  es- 
tablish a  more  peaceful  course  of  trade  in  tliis  part  of  tlic 
territory  belonging  to  the  United  States,  are  not  acquir- 
ed through  the  mere  liberality  of  a  nation,  and  are  read/ 
in  contribute  to  the  expence  necessarily  attending  them. 
U'e  aic  not  averse  to  pay  the  common  duties  establish- 
ed by  law,  and  will  ever  be  ready  to  conform  ourselves 
to  all  the  rules  and  regulations  of  trade  that  may  be  es- 
tablished according  to  common  justice. 

1  be«-  to  bo  allowed  to  say,  that  we  have  reason  to  hope, 
that  every  measure  will  be  adopted  to  secure  and  facil- 
itate the  trade  with  the  Indians  ;  and  these  hopes  ge-eu» 
to  be  confirmed  beyond  th-e  smallest  i dea of  doubt,\vheri 
we  see  a  man  sent  among  us,  who  instead  of  private 
rousiderations  to  pecuniary  views,  prefers  the  honoi-, 
tilffuity  and  lenity  of  his  government,  and  whose  tran.J- 
actions  are  in  every  respect  so  conformable  to  equit}'. 
When  we  behold  an  armed  force  ready  to  protect  or 
chastise  as  necessity  or  policy  may  direct,  we  know  not 
how  to  express  our  giatitude  to  that  people  whose  only 
view  seems  to  be  to  promote  the  happiness  of  all,  the 
savagiJS  tliat  rove  over  the  wild  coafiiies  of  their  domain 

not  excepted.  ^»    •  j  i  i 

It  is  to  you,  sir^  we  feel  ourselves  most  greatly  mdebt- 
ed,  whose  claim  to  ht>nor,  esteem  and  respect,  will  ever 
be  held  in  high  estimation  by  myself  and  associate?. 
The  danger  and  hardships  by  your  fortitude  vanquish- 
ed, and  by  your  perseverance  overcome,  are  ugnal,  and 
will  ever  b^preserved  in  the  annals  of  the  N.  W.  Com- 
pany. Were  it  solely  from  the  considerations  ot  those 
who  have  exposed  their  lives  in  a  long  and  perilous 
march  through  a  country,  where  they  had  ^j  y  distress 
tu  suffer,  and  many  dangers  io  eitpeci  ^aiia  ti^^  vfUw  ^ 


APPENDIX.  ' 

them,  but  we  knowwe  are^n  1  ."•'''S?''""  '""^i'^t 

itj  and  gratitudeTre  to  e  orfsidel-P  Pk"*"*'"  ''"'P'**^- 
er  viitR?,  and  therefore  h»?f^.*^°^«  "*''J' »*!'• 
*hat  our 'poor  mea„rca„  mZ  •tnd'li'"'"  ♦'•*":'«="'=*■ 
embrace  the  opportunitv  f„  w'f    ..'  "'^' P*''"'"*  i»e  to 

ti«n/as  ,„,  humYl/roVSdSd"'"^''  *'="""-"'- 

«/ esteem  and  regard  for  Su'""  ""  «•  •^P'-««' 
I  am,  sir, 

^    »°*"^  H.  M-GILHS, 

1st.  ftegt.  United  States  infantry. 

On  the  trade,  views,  and  policy  of  theJvZ\h  It'  *  /» 
Pmy,  a,!d  the  nation^  obiicts  conZMl      -ft  ^H"}' 
commerce,  as  it  interests  tL.n   "'""*<='«''  «»'*  their 
ted  States.         '"'*™»'»  "'*  Government  vftht  Vni- 

» In^objeVtT/ the^'r^nt'o'ir '''"?^^^*"  ««"-■*-' 

has  been  chenM  ed  £  theTe '!"«-       **  '"^""^ '  »'"' 
province,  by  every  rel„lafirt"«S?vernors  of  that 

hoth  the  French  {nd  Wli")"  '",  *■  *."",  P""'*"-'  ""der 

great  and  almost  unnmiW,enc:'tl.f  [?""''  J''*      ' 
country  had  acquired  over  th«  «  ^  *''*  "'^"'t 

'cit,  and  will  long  be  remembered  hvT''-.'?"'  ''^"'■*'/ 
ft  ontiers.    Everv  attenHnT!  -5  .     citizens  on  our 

St.  James,  in  o?r  treaiv  ^^K*',^P""' ^J' *''«  '^"'''■■■et  of 
to  their  suMects    m^fkH^r  ^'Tl  ^'•'**'"»  *»  *«"re 

S^iS^r^S^^ati^^e 


Michilima^dcioa;,  t,;  th':  nnaS  !*!.  r' "'*"1««1  '""n 

■■    fit,' 


so 


APPENDIX. 


short  residence  in  civilized  society,  obtained  for  thern, 
the  appellation  of  "  Courcurs  dcs  Bois."  From  those 
trifling  beginninji^s,  arose  the  present  north  west  com- 
pany, who  notwithstanding  the  repeated  attacks  made 
on  their  trade,  have  withstood  every  shock,  and  are  now, 
by  the  coalition  of  the  late  X.  Y.  company,  established 
on  so  firm  a  basis,  as  to  bid  defiance  to  every  opposition, 
\vhich  can  be  made  by  private  individuals. 

They,  by  a  late  purchase  of  the  king's  posts  in  Cana- 
da,  extend  their  line  of  trade  from  Hudson's  Bay,  to  the 
St.  Lawrence,  up  that  river  on  both  sides,  to  the  Lakes 
—-from  thence  to  the  head  of  Lake  Superior,  at  which 
place  die  north  west  company  have  their  head  quarters  ; 
from  thence  to  the  source  of  Red  river,  and  on  all  its 
tributary  streams,  througli  the  couotry  to  the  Missouri — 
through  the-  waters  of  Lal^e  Winipie,  to  the  Saskasha- 
win,  on  that  river  to  its  source — ^up  Elk  river  to  the 
lake  of  the  Hills— up  Peace  river  to  the  Uocky  moun- 
tains—from the  lake  of  the  Hills,  up  Slave  river  to  Slave 
Lake,  and  this  year  have  dispatched  a  Mr.  Mackenzie 
©n  H  voyage  of  trade  and  discovery  down  Mackenzie's 
^if^ij.  to  the  north  sea;  and  also  a  Mr.  M'Coy,  to  cross 
t^mockv  mountains,  and  proceed  to  the  western  ocean 
^^h  the  same  objects  in  view.     They  have  had  a  gen- 
,:tleman  by  the  name  of  Thompson,  making  a  geographi- 
cal survey  of  the  norlh  west  part  of  the  continent — who, 
for  three  years,  with  an  astonishing  spirit  of  enterprise 
and  per6everance,j)assed  over  all  that  extensive  and  un- 
known country.     His  estalilishment,  although  not  splen- 
did, (the  mode  of  travelling  not  admitting  it)  was  such, 
as  to  admit  of  the  tnoat  unlimited  expcnces  in  every 
thing  necessary  to  facilitate  his  enquiries  ;  and  he  is  now 
engaged  in  digesting  the  important  results  of  his  enter- 
prise.   I  find  from  the  observations  and  suggestions  of 
Mr.  Thompson,  that  when  at  the  source  of  thef  Missis- 
gippi,  it  was  his  opinion  the  line  of  limits  between  the 
United  States  and  Great  Britain,  must  run  such  a  CQMrse, 
from  the  head  of  the  lake  of  the  woods^'as  to  touch  tbc 


sowrce  of  the  Mississippi ;  and  this  I  discovereij.  to- h^  I 
^e  oniaion  of  the  north  west  company,  y^hom,  ivi^jit  I 


'* 


APPKNDiA:. 


il 


P'-etension,  will  throw  out  of  i,'  /''?/^"»S3">n  o7tin» 
part  of  He,,  ,,,,,;[Z  n"cL"  ."tlVa'^f  tlLr  T" 
of  Louisiana.  AVhereas  if%|,l: ?•  i,  "'*  ^""'"""^ 
fr-n  the  !,ea.l  of  tl,e  Fak^  l[  'c  Woot  T  "-Vf  ^^' 
"ed  river  nearly  »ffr.- o„r  "oodsi,  it  will  cross 

conjectuix.!  St  fL  /f  «"*'»"«  of  Reed  river,  and  it  i* 

it  is  presumed,  m,"Xt  be  li^f  -^''ff'ences  of  opinion, 
twoffbvernments  .frt.  ^*''^  adjusted  between  the 
thattt  by  unfold  ^t  T'?^  ^^y,'  >""  ''  i«  b^li^ve^ 
Way  pro/uce^liffit It  e«  «l,lh"f  '"'f  »'  *'"'  «»•">''/. 
The  nortl,  west  cmncan'v    "      ''"  1"**'  P""*^*^-!*  <="st 

.everal  places  on  reS'ldt  :Vl"arf'^'™«"*«  ".* 
on  the  head  watpra  nffk^    •  *'^^^^  ^^a*»^e  bupericr,  and 

which  di.'fd.a^l^LmseUJinto^^K*'^''-''^"^  »'•  ^"^^' 

noes,  which  bv  a  cal^^i»*-  '"^  .'"  "'""'a'lj' foHr  ca- 
"•acitV  and  inLmatiV.,  It  T'"'?  '"^^ "  |enl!eman  ohl 
the  Indian  t?ad™and  int^ht-^??  *'«''**>*»  ^ea.^  « 
MichilimackiDw,  U  an"  ^^^^^ 

duties  would  be  in«f?l!?f  \\  *'"'  »"""«'  a«><>»nt  of 
Lmver  Red  River  ^^.1^  "\»«sand  doUars.    The 

and  the-4,d,onVbaycn™-n  •  """' *''^-  ^''<^« 

by  t!>e  way  of  Lai  e  W;,Tf.   ^  s  servants,  who  import 
dollars  more  "  ""P'e,  su  thousand  five  h«n5,-ed 

Pl■c^ent  the  smu-HinL  of  thf  V  '   i  f  "?  ^^7  '"'''*^'''  '» 
B/  c.tablishin>rpo!t|v.^h  W.  department, 

men,  and  an  office  »f  !„  i*  Sarrisoa  ot  one  hundred 
liver  St  I ,. ,;!     t      '''f.^^^stoms,  nearthe  mouth  of  the 

Ptme^'t  must  Tnt^-'t  ir'n"'"'^  '"""''  "if «"  ^'^ 
ting  point,  where  th/.l  "  '■**?■•«*«'•  t  th^stiibu- 
anltL",  odr„'„^.efe^':  ">■,  •i'''«  .".«  establahment, 

■;  marked  (or  ^^'ii^i^:^^^!::;:'''''}^^'-^ 


» 


ft2  APPENDIX. 

Leech  Lake,  Tied  Lake,  &c.  Ike.  «cc.  I  am  also  of  opin- 
ion, the  goods  for  Red  River  (if  it  is  within  our  bouncla- 
ry)  would  enter  here,  in  preference  U  being  exposed  to 
seizure.  It  is  worthy  of  remark,  that  the  charter  ot 
the  Hudson's  B:\y  company  extends  to  all  its  v>ater8, 
and  if  the  British  government  conceive  they  had  author- 
ity to  make  sucii  a  grant,  tliey  certainly  would  claim 
the  country  therein  specified,  which  would  extend  tar 
south  of  the  west  line,  from  the  head  of  the  lake  ot  tUo 

"^Voods.  ,   ..    . 

The  north  west  company,  were  about  to  push  tiieir 
trade  down  the  Missi  sippi,  until  they  would  have  met 
the  traders  of  Michilimackinac  ;  but  I  gave  them  to  u  a- 
derstand,  that  it  could  not  be  admitted. 

Z.  M.  PIKE,  1st  Lt.  1st  U.  S,  Uegt.Infty. 

Description  of  the  JV.  JV.  Company's  Fort  at  Sandy  Lake. 

The  Foii  at  Sandy  Lake  is  situated  on  the  south  side 
of  the  lake,  near  the  E.  end,  and  is  a  stockade  of  100 
feet  square^  with  Bastions  at  the  S.  E.  and  N.  W.  angles, 
pierced  for  small  arms. 

The  pickets  are  squared  on  the  outside,  rountf.  within 
of  about  one  foot  diameter,  and  are  IS  feet  above  ground. 

There  are  three  gates  :  the  principal  one  fronts  the 
lake  on  the  N.  and  is  10  feet  by  9,  the  one  on  the  \/ .  0 
feet  by  4)  the  one  on  th«  E.  6  feet  by  5.  As  you  enter 
by  the  main  gate  you  have  on  the  left  a  building  of  one 
etory  20  feet  square,  the  residence  of  the  supenntend- 
ant.  Opposite  to  this  house,  on  the  left  of  the  E.  gate 
is  a  honse  25  feet  by  15,  the  quarters  of  the  men.  On 
enterlne;  the  AV.  gate  ynu  find  the  store  house  on  the 
right,  SO  feet  by  20,  and,  on  your  left,  abuildmg  40  ieet 
by  20,  whicli  contains  rooms  for  clerks,  a  work-shop, 
and  provision  store. 

On  the  W.  and  N.  W.  is  an  enclosure  of  a!5out4  acres 
picketed  in  5  in  which  last  year  they  raised  400  bushels 
of  Irish  potatoes,  cultivating  no  other  vegetable.  In 
this  enclosure  is  a  very  ingeniously  constructed  vault, 
A, *..:„  4i,«  «%A•fa4/^As   K11+  ivhifb  likewise  has  secrd 

apartfW^uts,  to  conceal  liquors,  dry  goods,  (k-c. 


Des^ 

T 

►decli 
ofab 
of  It 

gethe 

0"  10 

insid( 

large 

tions 

The 

feet  h 

cupied 

He  ha 

with  a 

feet  scj 

inensi(j 

under 

extend 

goods, 

wild  v'u 

derail 

window 

On  tJ: 

fronting 

shop  18 

called  t 

Indians, 

cil  were 

for  inter 

joining 

(>n  whicl 

i)^the  lat 

On  the 

which  ha 

teis  for  t 

^hkh.  is 


AFPJiNDlX.  ^ 

tfescrlption  ojtke  .V.  W  Co,„f  „„,.,  k„,,  „,  £,,^ 

or  about  5  acres  S  N  V  '^^  ""  ""'"'"'"''  S*"**- 
?f  130  feet,  the  pickete  bd'n,.  ifi  ?  T-"''  ^<"'=''»''« 
feet  under  ami  i"j  .k       ...      ^  16  feet  in   lenjrth.  s 

?    10  feet  are  likrwi*  ,l'rnv„  :.  *   !t** '""S-    ^''^te's 

■-side  of  the  woiroj^sitth  '"!''*  S'"*"""^'  »"  the 

aige  pickets.   Ttttfw  aVdE?"*'^''''''  tetwsen  the 

tions  pierced  for  fire  amJ  ^  "  *™  '^l"*'^ « ''«- 

feet'ty  '^^f,  "lltS  Mi.'":r'^'"'""S  *•>*  '«"-.  »  » 
CKpiedbv 'the  director  nf^^l  '  ^t"  Y-,*'"'  »' *Wch  ig  oc 
H/has  /  hall  18  feet  I'are  t"^. ''''  ^^  department. 
»ith  an  office.  The  ceT^  fc  ''!^  ;."•"»  "nd  kitchen, 
feet  squa,.,,  with  a  bed  room  „''t^?'''"e  %^°P  »f  1^  U 
mensions.  The  E  Pmi ;!  .  ^®  rear  of  the  same  di. 
Mde,-  which  there  i,^^  \''"'Se  store  25  feet  by  20, 
«xte„ds  ove  the  ^vhole  bundir*  ^f  ^^^"^'  '^h* '"'t 
S'!ods,packsofpe  tries    «&'?''  ^"J'*""*  '«''«  «f 

f;onti.4;;i:-plvtrr;„?ol'''^"i^'''^"f«'* 

shop  18  by  l/with  .  r^li;'  •  •  V*  *'"ch  13  a  cooper»» 
cal/ed  the  Ind  I .  inli  ^'■'■'"''',''»g '»  ''^"^^  «  a  room 
In.Iiaas,  and  in  '  ,ich  kl'SiT''^.  ^"^  ^''*  '■*<=«?«•«  "f 
^il  were  enfertainedt  la  tf^  n'"'  ™^?  ""=  ■"  «""»• 
for  interpreters  -h,,!;  J  '""*'''  '««  dosed  bunks 

Joining  f„  o,u  i;  TrtZT^TT" '^  ^'^'=* ''J'  »»•  ^' 
(in  which  my  small  ^^t,  I  ^*  "1"^''^'  f""-  "•«  ^'eAs 
«?the  latterds  Precill^.™''"''"*"^''-)    Under botlt 

wMcVh^?onfr:Jr2r.P5f  .:':.''iL"«''^ll^O  fee^  ^ 
lers  for  the  men  ;  also  's^'hu.r  '''•^^'  ii>i«et,for<niar- 

«hich.isoccupiedtan"S:rti:fVS 


^  .^' 


94 


APPENDIX. 


lea  of  tke  main  gate,  fronting  the  river,  is  a  flag  staff 
50  feet  in  height. 

They  intendeil  huilding  a  small  block  houre  over  the 
main  gate,  fronting  the  lake,  t.  place  a  small  piece  of 
artillery  in.     There  are,  likewise,  jr  itcb  on  the  N.  and 
E.  flanks  of  about  10  feet  by  8. 
The  price  of  g9od$  in  exchange  with  the  Indians  of  this 

quarter f  viz. 

Dollars, 

Blankets,  3  and  2  1-2  point  each 
Ditto  2         ditto. 

Ditto  1   1-2  ditto. 

Blue  strouds,  per  fathom, 
Scarlet  cloth,  8-6         .         -         -         - 
Worsted  binding,  per  piece, 
Vermillion,  per  pound,        -        -        - 
Molten,  blue  and  white,  per  fathom, 
Gunpowder,  per  half  pint. 

Balls,  SO  per 

Shot  of  all  sorts,  per  handful. 

Tobacco,  per  carrot,     .        -         -        - 

Twist  tobacco,  per  fathom, 

Beaver  traps,  each,        -        .         -        . 

Half  axes,        - 

Castites,        - 

N.  W.  Guns,  each,        .... 

K^ivca, 

'  Wampum  and  silver  works,  there  is  no  i-ep;ulation,  as 
v^dl  as  Rum ;  but  the  real  price  of  goods  here  in  exchange 
for  Peltry,  is  about  two  hundred  and  fifty  per  cent  an 
the  prime  cost. 


plus  4 

8 

2 

4 

1 

2 

-  4 

8 

.       6 

12 

.      4 

8 

4 

8 

2 

4 

1 

2 

.      1 

2 

-    1 

2 

-      4 

8 

1 

o 

-    4 

8 

2 

4 

-   1 

2 

10 

20 

-     1 

2 

APPENDIX. 

<D.) 


15 


[ 

8 

I 

4 

I 

2 

1 

8 

J 

13 

t 

8 

1 

8 

2 

4 

1 

2 

1 

2 

1 

2 

4 

8 

1 

2 

4 

8 

2 

4 

1 

2 

0 

20 

1 

2 

tion. 

,  as 

Lcbangc 

:ent 

on 

To  the  StnaUand  House  of  nepresentatives, 
1  Uy  before  Cong  ess  copies  of  certain  .locumentg 
*hich  remain  m  the  department  of    late.    Thcvmoyl 
^m.:^XtZ' ''"''"^'  'Whilst  the  .«i(cd  StSfnot! 

Oreat  Britain  ;  and  in  the  midst  ,.  ou  cabl,  professions 

*hro,?<Srh"*"°i:?  °"  ?'^?  P"^*  of  *'"=  K-''«'I'  go' ernment 
"trough  her  public  minister  here,  a  secret  acontof  ll>«t 

ti..  y  at  the  seat  of  government  (Boston)  In  AfassacL 

hies  of"thr:"  •"«''"  f^'^""" '"  'he  cons{:v"  tea  author 
lues  ol  the  nation,  and   ntr'tmes  witli  *lio   ,];«^J«  *  i 

Indti:r?r  •?'  bringingabrtrc"  'atlto  SS: 
rtrtint  trrf''°  '=°"ff '  "■'"'  »  B"«^h  force!  of  Ye-' 
iWa  „l^    1  "•"  "'"•/''™''^g  the  easier.,  part  thereof 
In  J5^  •"'*'/"^"*'*"'"  '^if'  Great  Britain. 

«e.  their  "^fiXr^L^fcrtr^^^^^^^^^^^ 
Murch  0th,  1812.  •'^'^''^^  MADISO^. '■ 

<Mr.  Henry  t»  .-Tr.  Jlfonroe. 
To  James  Monroe,  Ms,.  ^'"'*''«'i''-'"'  ^'^l'-  30.  1812.  ' 

«d  'rZuL^I^^^^^      »n.l  experience  have  convin- 

ed,  and  which  rT.»»T(l"      '""gand  so  frequcnti  v  visit- 

I-een  ow  n  J  to  an  onin^^!!"  """f '?*  "'l'""'  ^""^^'i  have 
««/,/.•-    ^  opinion  entertained  by  foreis-n  Jt»t«l 

Jhcf  many  measure  tendin.-,  to  «,«„.»•  /M,-!!I!:'F  _'"*'^' 


g6 


APPENDIX. 


be 


of  this  opinion  on  the  policy  of  foreign  nations,  may  h 
removed  by  an  act  that  can  produce  unanimity  amon 
PARTIES  IN  AMERICA,  I  voluntarily  tender  to  you,  sir, 
such  means,  as  I  possess,  towards  promoting  so  desirable 
and  important  an  object;  which  if  accomplished  cannot 
fail  to  cxtino'uish,  perhaps  forever,  those  expectations 
a])road,  wliich  may  protract  indefinitely  an  accommoda- 
tion of  existing  difterences,  and  check  the  progi'ess  of 
industry  and  prosperity  in  this  rising  empire. 

I  have  the  lion  or  to  transmit  to  you  the  documents 
and  correspondence  relating  to  an  important  mission  in 
which  I  was  employed  by  sir  James  Craig,  the  late 
governor  general  of  the  British  provinces,  in  North 
America,  in  the  winter  of  the  year  1809. 

The  publication  of  these  papers  will  demonstrate  a 
fact  not  less  valuable  than  the  good  already  proposed  ; 
it  will  piove  that  no  reliance  ought  to  be  placed  on  ^he 
professions  of  good  faith  of  an  administration,  which 
by  a  series  of  disastrous  events,  has  fallen  into  such 
hands  as  a  Castlereagh,  a  Wellesley  or  a  Liverpool  5 1 
should  ntther  say  into  the  hands  of  the  stupid  subalterns, 
to  whom  the  pleasures  and  the  indolence  of  those  min- 
isters have  consigned  it. 

In  contributiiifi;  to  the  good  of  the  United  States  by  an 
-exposition  which  cannot  (I  think)  fail  to  solve  and  melt 
all  division  and  disunion  among  its  citizcns.I  llatier  my- 
self with  the  fond  expectation  that  when  it  is  made  pub- 
lic in  Engkiid  it  will  add  one  great  motive  to  the  mary 
that  already  exist  to  induce  that  nation  to  withdraw  its 
coiifidence'from  men  2vhose  pditical  career  is  afruitjid 
source  of  ivjimj  and  embarrassment  in  America  ;  of 
injustice  and  itm&ry  in  Ireland  ;  cm'  distress  and  appre- 
hevMon  in  England  :  and  contempt  every  ichere.  In 
making  tiiis  communication  to  you,  sir,  I  deem  it  incum- 
bent on  me  distinctly  and  unequivocally  to  state,  thatl 
adopt  1^0  party  views  ;  that  I  have  not  changed  awy  ot  my 
political  opinions :   that  I  neither  seek  nor  desire  the 

o.  •^»r/^»>vi»'»-\n.'n^"    Tint*   Ai 


i 


aironaze  nor  coimtcnan 


anv 


party 


J  -B 


U  »   t.1  lAlllVXX'-     MVt 


and  that  in  addition  to  the  motives  already 


e^l}vy?,cl\A  am  Inpienced  Inj  a  jzist  resentment  of  the 
:pin'fidif  ((ud  dishoj^or  frj' those  who  first  violated  iho  cm- 


APPElN-Di.t.  27 

dltiom  upon  which  I  ,oce!.ccd  ihtir  r«;,  «,«<..  •  ,„-,„ 
Inemh,  and  left  me  no'd-cice  but  k-hv'^r  ,  ,,  ?  i  "'^ 
o..sa,.y  to  sec««  tV,;^^^.  ^ tii  i;!  ;:?;""  ^  >-"  -  "- 

AI'PLICATION     TO     UVnFR'ri-r.     ^ 

UN^rrn  """    '"'^''^'^     ''^     THE 

UMTED  STATES. 

[Most  secret  ar„l  confuienfi;,!  ] 

M.y  dear  sir,~-Ti,o  cxtSn  .^''"•f''"':""'''  J««''-'* 
at  this  (in,e  in'thc  roi",b"  nl      7  """"""  "^  *'""S^ 
the  Governor  in  Chielf  h    4\  «f 'f '   f  ^''^''-ste^l  to-. 
secret  audconfelentia       '>:ron  to  «?f '"•>''"fe  4''™  ""  '» 
arrangement  can  be  made  totect  f^,?"""'  ''i:''"'^**^  "-" 
view,  without  thro*ir,.'an  abslhl    t  ''"Porfant  eii,!' iu 

mmist»s  which  migbt  cv^ntuallv  1  /  •?'!  "^J'^^^ 

advantage.     You  will  1  .vl  A  .      ^  j  °"*"'"'*"^  *»  X""!- 

.  acquaint^  n.e  fo.  Hs  ex^i|i^L?"''^"^?*^«  tlie.-efore,  to 

[.-!  -^.'1-^^  ^t  «e:rtre.^tT?,¥i;i^^^^^ 

to  yourself..  "^    ."  """^^^^e  it  without  irjurjr 


n 


APPENDIX. 


At  present  it  i«  only  necessary  for  mc  to  add,  tliat  Ae 
governor  would  furnish  you  with  a  cypher  for  carrying 
on  your  correspondence,  and  that  in  case  the  leading 
party  in  one  of  the  states  wish«d  to  open  a  communica- 
tion with  this  government,  their  views  might  be  com- 
muuicated  through  you. 

I  am,  with  great  truth  and  regard,  my  de?ir  sir,  y(Jur 
most  faithful,  humble  servant.  ■^  ^ 

(Signed)  *        HERMAN  W.  RYLAND. 

John  Henry,  Esq. 
^  No.  II. 

-General  instrMctions  from  sir  J,  H,  Craig  to  Mr,  Uen- 

ry  respecting  his  secret  mission. 

His  Excellency  the  governor  in  chiefs  instructions  to 

Mr.  Henry,  February  1809. 

[Most  secret  and  confidential.] 

quebec,  6th  February,  1809. 
Sir — As  you  have  so  rsadily  undertaken  the  service 
which  I  have  suggested  to  you  as  being  likely  to  be  at- 
tended with  much  benefit  to  the  public  interests,  I  am 
io  request  that  with  ;;'Our  earliest  conveniency  you  will 
proceed  to  Boston. 

The  principal  object  that  I  recommend  to  your  atten- 
tio,n  is  the  endeavor  to  obtain  the  most  accurate  informa- 
tion of  the  true  state  of  affairs  in  that  part  of  the  union, 
H>hich,  from  its  wealth,  the  number  of  its  inhabitants, 
and  the  known  intelligence  and  ability  of  several  of  its 
leading  men  must  naturally  possess  a  very  considerable 
hie  influence  over,  and  will  indeed  probably  lead 
the  other  eastern  states  of  America  in  tliapart  they  may 
take  at  this  important  crisis. 

I  shall  not  pretend  to  point  out  to  you  the  mode  by 
which  you  will  he  most  likely  to  obtain  this  important 
nfonnai^on  5  your  own  judgement  and  the  connections 
which  you  may  have  in  the  town  must  be  your  guide. 

I  think  it  however  necessary  to  put  you  on  your  guard 
againitithe  sanguincness  of  an  aspiring  partjr ;  the  fed- 
eralists  as  I  understand  have  at  all  times  discovered  a 
ieatiing  to  this  disposition,  and  their  beiiig  under  its  pai - 
iicular  influence  at  this  moment,  is  tlic  more  to  be  ex- 
pected from  their  having  ho  ill  founded  ground  f«r  thdr 


APPENDIX.  29 

mcIiHle  the  state  o^  thlZfZ  n  '  •  ^  '5"".'''  '''^^«'-^«'  I 
to  their  internal  poli&i  5 AP,:"''*"\''°*'}.^it''  regard 
with  Kn^land  •   thi  -  ?•*''*  Probability  of  a  w^ar 

great paStesbtothichTr''*'^!  '^"^""P^  "f  «'«  two 
views  ind  de^ns  rfX*^,''»"»t'-y  ,s  dfvided,  and  the 

■  It  has  been  suppose  dlT  ^^  may  ultimately  prevail, 
tern  states  shouK  'L.«  V  f  ^^  federalists  of  the  eas- 
ed influence,  whkh  mavllu'i."  "^^'"'"S that  decid- 
lic  opinion,  it  is  not  fL??:u*T  *"*■•««*  the  pub- 
mit  to  a  continuance  o?tl,>r'<l'  *^'lt'-ather  than  s«b- 
which  they  are  no"v  subie  t  I'.^'-^^f '  *""''  '''^*^««^  to 

ence  to /ring  about  7  eUraLT  f '"1,,*''''°«»- 
union.    Thelarliestinfnrmf?  ./f'^the  general 

of  great  eonsc  i^ce  to  o?r  ^Iv"  °"  *''  «»''ject  may  be 
be,  that  it  shouV  oe  info™IK"'T*';*'  *«  "  '"V  also 

sh„^dd1n"t;\rnttanle'i^'^  -expedient  that  yon 
you  could  co^nAve  t'  2\Z  "I  T„r^^'"'  ^^ent,  ,e^t  if 
the  leading  party,  it  mavn«  A*"  '"*'»""=y  '"th  any  of 
insinuate,  thou4  "Sai  .,'T°Pi''  *''''*^«"  *-»«l<l 

iw.nt  through  me  vounlTTIt^-''''?"  «""'  our  govern 

an^  ^oiuAirtrZL^X7:'t!i::T^  4  -c., 

impossiblfc  that  thev  «l,m,M       '  ■       "**  't  may  not  be 

which  theymay  be /s„u red  tb^i"''  """'  AoJv.^<^at  bv 
situation  la  wfiich  vn«^!  '  *'"»*yo"  are  really  in  the 

credential  to  be  p  orce^f  Kf  ^"""^f  f'  '  ^^<Ao'^l 
t.cularly  enjoin  and  direct  "on  do  n^ '  '^'J*  ^  """^t  par- 
paper,  unless  a  desire  to  thafnm  "<>' ""^ke  use  of  this 
ed,  and  wikss  vca  sl°  w  P"'^PT/'""'*<l''e  expresf- 
<4«  </(>%■  so  miuUndf    ^"'"'''^^'^  expectiJ  that 

.1-  P-srnfthrTughinntrof  *r  "  " ' 

o( course  exert  vo,.v%„deavors*        ^*'™'»nt 


Ws 


procure  all  the  inibr- 


so 


APPENDIX. 


wiation  thjit  the  short  stay  you  will  probably  make  there 
will  admit  of.  You  will  use  your  own  discretion  as  to 
delaying  your  journey,  with  this  view,  more  or  less,  in 
proportion  to  your  prospects  «f  obtaining  any  informa- 
tion of  consequence. 

I  request  to  hear  from  you  as  frequently  as  possible, 
and  as  letters  directed  to  me  might  excite  suspicion,  it 
may  be  as  well  that  you  put  them  under  cover  to  Mr. 

,  and  as  even  the  addressing  letters  always  to 

the  same  person  might  attract  notice,  I  recommend  your 
sometimes  addressing  your  packet  to  the  chief  Justice 
here,  or  occasionally,  though  seldom,  to  Mr.  Ryland, 
fcut  never  with  the  addition  of  liis  official  description. 

I  am  sir,  your  moat  bbedieat  humble  servant. 
(Signed,)  J.  H.  CRAIG. 

^hn  Henry,  Etq* 

No.  III. 

•HESEVTIAL  mOM    SIR  JAMES   CRAIG   TO  MR.    HENRT, 

6th  IEB.   1809. 

(Copy)  fseal-]  -,  . 

*Fhc  bearer  Mr.  John  Hcnr^,  is  employed  by  me,  and 
full  confidence  may  be  placed  in  him  for  any  communs- 
nation  which  any  person  may  wish  to  make  to  me  tn  tae 
business  committed  to  him.  In  faitii  of  which  I  have 
•nven  him  this  under  my  hand  and  seal  at  (^ebec,  the 

?th  of  February,  1809.  t  w  r^B  ATP 

Signed,  J.  H.  CRAIG. 

No.  IV. 

JIfr.  T[mry's  letters  to  sir  James  Craig,  written  whilst 

employed  on  a  mission  to  Boston. 
Jlnswer  to  the  letter  of  Mr.  Secretary  Ryland,  proposing 

the  mission,  S^c, 
No.  1. 

Montreal,  January  31, 1809. 
I  have  to  acknowledge  the  favor  of  your  letter  of 
the  'Seth  inst.  written  by  the  desire  of  his  excellency 
the  Got.  in  chief;  and  hasten  to  express,  through  you, 
to  his  excellency  my  readiness  to  comply  with  his  wishes. 
I  need  not  aaa  now  very  Haiicrui^  *- *«  .-^  ...^^..- 
from  his  excelleney  the  assurance  9f  the  approhation  OJ 


APPENDIX.  3^ 

liis   majcftty'ts  secretary  of  state  for  the  very   l.Mm).l. 
services  that  I  may  hav4  rendered.  ^   ^*""'^^'' 

u  the  nature  of  the  servicer  in  yvU'mU  t  ^     i    i 
«ed  will  require  no  oaterjisTur:;  I'    s\C  for'^fr 

■'/.  «.  %/onrf,  esj,.  sec.  ^.j_  '•  »»  J- 

S,„-I  have  the  honof^rS^^&hi^'ecet^-  f 
which  might  enable  meiundSdUcWr'  Th"** 

spLah   f  4K-Ju  -x^  .      V  of  Massachusetts  is   now  m 

Cwii  k;  ttrtpfaUr'^i  im»eui:;:i™ 

carryine  on  a  «£-.«*        explanation  of  tlie  means  if 
WcyV  safe  Drivel     "■*'P'*"'**""i^'''ch  *••«  frt- 

necessary  at  anv  fin?»  i  /A^'  ^"""'^  '*  however  be 
index  ade  fu"n^she  1  verv  ,if ''%*°*'-'^*'*  «>**  ^^^ 
it  there  is  a  number  for  ZltX^rtT^^TT^"-    ^^ 

at  AlbanvTl'fin^Pl^llu^^'^*  *«  «»y  that  «  troops  ^e 

stands  for^  troom'  TnA  '"^^  '^l'^"^ "  ''"  t^^t  numLer  15 
tanas  lor  troops    and  a  number  m  for  «  Albany.'^ 


?.T 


APPENDIX. 


•i!f   ■ 


The  intervening  words  «  «re  ai^  I  supply  by  figures 
corresponding  with  the  letters  in  these  words. 

ft  will  te  necessary  tf.  j)rovide  against  accident  by 

addressing  the  letters  1o  Mr<  — — -,  of  Montreal, 

with  a  small  mark  mi  the  conAer  of  the  envelope  which 
he  will  understand.  When  he  i  ecieves  it,  he  will  then 
address  the  iriclosura  to  your  excellency  and  send  it 
from  Montreal  by  mail.  I  will  be  careful  notto  address 
your  exce'lency  in  the  body  of  the  letters,  nor  sign  my 
name  to  any  of  them.—They  will  be  merely  designated 
by  the  init-als  A.  .13. 

if  this  modti  &J;oiild  in  aay  respect  appear  exception- 
able, your  excellency  will  have  the  goodness  to  order  a 
more  particular  explanation  of  the  card.  Jt  would  reach 
me  in  safety  addressed  to ~,  Boston.. 

I  have  the  honur  to  be,  &c.  J.  IFy. 

■  No.  3. 
Birlington^  Vermont^  Feb,  14,  1809. 
.  Sir — I  have  reiiiained  here  two  days  in  order  fully  to 
ascertain  the  progress  of  the  arrangements  heretoiore 
made,  for  organizing  an  efficient  opposition  to  the  gene- 
ral government,  as  well  as  to  become  acquainted  with 
the  opinions  of  the  leading  people,  relative  to  the  mea- 
sures of  that  party  which  has  the  ascendancy  in  the  na- 
tional councils. 

On  the  subject  of  the  embargo  laws  there  seems  but 
one  opinion  :  namely,  that  they  are  unnecessary,  oppres- 
sive and  unconstitutional.      It  mus^  also  be  observed 
that  the  execution  of  them  is  so  invidious  as  to  attract 
towards  tlie  oiScers  of  government  the  enmity  of  the 
^  people,  which  is  of  course  transferrable  to  the  govern- 
ment itself ;  so  that  in  case  the  state  of  Massachusetts 
.  should  take  any  bold  step  towards  resisting  the  i«xecu- 
^  tion  of  these  law^;.  it  is  highly  probable  that  it  may  cal- 
culate upon  the  :.cafty  co-operation  of  the  people  of 
Vermont.  . 

.1  learn  that  Ihe  governor  of  this  state  is  now  visiting 
the  towns  in  tij*^  northern  section  of  it ,  and  makes  no 
secret  determiaii)-!^  as  commander  in  chief  of  the  mi- 
litia, to  refuse  ol-^dience  to  any  command  from  the  gen» 


APPENDIX.  .^ 

.  So 

era|  government  which  an  f«r,,i  4    •  i 

understanding  that  prevaS.*M„:e'.l''th^''V'''6»»'' 
Vermont  and  his  nni.at„v'     V.  "**"?  *»«  citizens  of 

further i„tim'ted,"hithfcasetr,''  '"■^"'"'I^'-  ^'» 
influence  to  preserve  tie  ^*»*.  «  *  ."■'  ^®  *'"  "^^  ''•» 
all  the  force  L  can  r«m,t     }^  """tral,  and  resist  with 

Part^.  I  Teed  ^:?  aSHhaUnhf '"'P'  ^^  ?»'^«  "  * 
rarrfed  into  effcct^RatrnVL*^*'" /''"'"""n'  «« 
«"?;:  as  an  all^  of 'Oreat  Britl'  ^""•"'^•"'J^  ■"=  '=»''^M- 

Jr  ^Jla^n':,  Jbta  p^ev,i,  in  this 

tern  section  of  this  state  iTml^u?'  "'■*''«" '» the  eas- 

onljcansay,  withTertainf v   *?  f""  ^  *r°"J'='='"e'    I 

the  federal  part/'S^^^^r f/'lnd     h""""/  "?»,  "^ 
thai  s  common  senfimoni         '   i     '  ™erefore  infer. 

throughout  New  England      ^'''"^''  ^"^  *'«''«  body 

initor^hi^  co^S/S  n'?«r  --  *t  Wash. 
contents  ma V  serve toXot,  'i^t?'*"'  »nd  as  it* 

there,  I  sh,lf  send  e  "her Ta  «  "*  ^^* "" Passingevents 
dispatch.    The  wri  frVthe^'Sr'."'- «  ^m  with  this 
ter  and  veracity ;  and  IhelLir'' "  *  "*"  "^  ''""•ac 
fo-m  conect  opinions  h.Wlf-  '='"»?«*?'>*  "p  "ot  to 
reach  of  all  the\iowled3f  .  ''"'hably  within  the 
party  to  which  he  belTnT  ft  «„""»  K"^^'''^^  ^T  the 
that  there  is  a  very  fS.l,M    PP^*'?  h/  his  statement 
the  side  of  the  aSminXtion"  T^^J  '»  '"»S^*««  »« 
there  is  every  reason  to  h„petha7th':'*'''l"'''»S  which 
their  distinct  capacity  wifl  un  ?e  iH"*""*??  **?*•»•« 
war  with  Great  Britain     Tn    i  x       .  ™*"*  hy  force  a 
"ill  first  shew  ifsel? ";  pISblbt '"^^'' *^'!i™«i'ta>>c: 
"Pon  ;  and  may  in  some  iSeasurl-^/"*  J**  determined 
ance  that  ^he  leadinKmen  1,T„'!''P'"''  "?<"»  ^e  reli- 
of  support  from  his  maip.fl'T  •'^  ^  ""*  "P""  assvraaces 

»nd  as  I  shalUe  on  tHlt'^P^^"?*''"-"'"^''"'''''' ' 
the  moment  arrives  that  it  f,n  k    f*"''*'"  *hw  whenever 

^  no  doubt  that  all  theh-  m«-^  "J*^  ''^'"=*'  *••*'« 

dinateto  the  intentfo.w  !r;^L"'■!^'»''7  !>«  «ade  subor- 

*e  con..rreace  of  the^soiSTrSft"-! 


I 


J4 


APPENDIX. 


jects  of  Frailce  j  and  every  thing  tends  to  encourage 
the  belief,  that  the  dissolution  of  the  confederacy  will 
be  accelerated  hy  that  spirit  which  now  actuates  both 
political  parties. 

I  am  &c.  A.  B. 

No.  4. 
•   jrindsor,  Vermont,  Fi'Ik  10,1  m^^,- 
pji^— .Mylast  (No.  5.)  was  written  at  iiurlingtoii,  th« 
principal  town  in  the   northern  part  of  tlie  state  of 
Vermont.     I  im  n^W  at  the  principal  town  in  the  cas- 
ern section. 

The  fallacy  of  men's  opinions  when  they  pxt  under 
the  inliucnce  of  sensibility,  and  are  strongly  excited  l-y 
those!  hopes  which  always  animate  a  rising  party,  lead 
me  to  doubt  the  correctness  of  the  opinions  which  I  i*e- 
Q^ived  in  the  northern  section  of  this  state :  whicn^ 
ftom  its  contiguity  to  Canada  and  necessary  intercourse 
with  Montreal,  has  a  stronger  interest  in  promoting  a 
good  understanding  with  his  majesty's  government. 
Therefore  since  my  departure  from  Burlington,!  ha^/e 
soHght  every  favorable  occasion  of  conversing  with  the 
aemoorats  on  the  probable  result  of  the  policy  adopted 
by  the  general  government.  The  difference  of  opinion 
is  thus  expressed. 

The  federal  party  declare,  tliat  in  the  event  of  a  war, 
the  state  of  Vermont  will  treat  separately  foritselt  with 
Great-Britain  ;  and  support  to  the  utmost  the  stipula- 
tions in  which  it  may  enter  witliout  any  regard  to  the 
policy  of  the  general  government.  Tiie  democrats  on 
^he  other  hand  aseert,  that,  in  sucli  a  case  as  that  con- 
templated, the  people  would  be  nearly  divided  into  equal 
numbers  *5  one  of  which  would  support  the  government 
if  it  could  be  done  without  involving  the  people  in  a 
civil  war  ;  but  at  all  events  would  risk  every  thing  m 
preference  to  a  coalition  with  Great  Britain.  This  dit- 
lerence  of  ophiion  is  not  to  be  wholly  ascribed  to  the 
prejiddices  of  party.     The  people  in  the  eastern  section 

V  ifi'lilOIiL  tirC   liUi.  J^jpciatcvs.  upuii  uj    vU-^.    ^„....- 

se  on  the  borders  of  the  British  colony.     The.se  are 
dependent  upon  Montreal  for  the  salQ  of  tiieir  f  ra- 


01 


APPENDIX. 

latioii  111  congress  are  of  the  f^?ll?  5*''"  'epresen- 

""t  believe  tlfut  the  state  wouMstanrl-^'  ^'-•'  ''"'y ''« 
Ihe  national  eoveinment     Tl^       T    "'""^  ""d  resist 

tl'at  should  tife  sute  of  Vermo?t  tT  '""''^'■*^  ''""r 
sentedasatnipspntif  ..     i j™    .     "^""t'nue  to  be  renin 

the  neighbir'I'nrstofesrrn^ltYerioT '''l""^^. ""''«"'• 
to  a  war,  ,vhic?it  mighttZilVlT  ?'?"  "^ 'e^istance 
I  !'>nk  is  the  safer  ognirKut'"V"  "''"f*-  '^''« 
•ehance  ought  to  be  placed  .m-^».  ^  ""  '  if  indeed 

"Pon  the  wfu  of  the  Ke  v^hf  /•  '""*""■«  ''•^PenJing 
■nust  ever  be  marked  wfthiC'  an   ''  *^*':  ^'>»nging  «nl 
stancj.    As  the  crisis  apprClfe^^  tl  '''1-«'  ?'*''  '"«=«"»- 
c'dingupon  an  hazardous  aWPKn»;'  ^'''.f.'ffic'.lty  of  de- 
unfortunately  there  is  not   Iv**'"*  will  increase ;  an<l 
■nanding  tale^nts,  capable  of  IZfT^^^^  "^^  "f^"™' 
*«",•  of  infusingTnto  the„onnu''.''"S  ^""«"«^  '^""Z- 
amjUst  the  confusfon  of  eonK'*  '"'  P'T"  spirit  3  and 
and  commotions,  competent  to  f.^'-  T"'*^"*'  '''«^g«s 
or  safety.      The  Go"S  is  i,f-  "f  *'!''•  P^"'  "^  ^'4 
»an,  and  has  more  persoll  1  «    ""^"^'"""s,  prudent 
o«t>hi^  abilities  are  „^t  suTted   !,  f?"'?.  *''=^"  ""^  "'•"'H 
«  "v.I  v.„  would  place  hJm     °  ^'"'  ^'t«at>ons  in  which 
■f  am,  &c.  *    - 

No  5  ^'^-  ' 

afe  and  favorable  opLr^un  tv 'r  !?•  ^"""^f^rds  a 
*^er  account  of  niy  Zgre.,  '^  "[  f  .T'-S  ^Wm  fur-. 
«'e  post  office,  wlien  I^can'.vnli^  "  T*  '"Wuse  of 
O'-casions  supercede  the  nee  ,,r  !•*  '  .^,?^»»«e  P^vate 
«'^<1  the  contempt  of  decencmnd,«'  '"'■■'*■"«"'  cypher  5 
P^rtof  the  mollis  of  tCE^uJSl'P''^' '*'"«'' 'orms 
facy^would  incline  thei^  rrl?3*'fi'=«s  ofa  democ- 
"'aaierence,  that  theybreaVt^^r  *  ^^''J  '"*'»  ">«  «ame 


•  Jts^' ;:. 


36 


APPENDIX. 


which  the  federal  party  will  carry  opposition  to  thp 
n&tional  eoverrmcnt  in  the  event  of  a  war.    Bluch  may 
;.i  inferred  trom  the  result  of  the  election  of  governors 
which  within  two  months  will  be  made  m  the  states  ot 
Massachusetts,  New  Hampshire    and    Rhode  Island. 
From  all  I  know  and  all  I  can  learn  of  the  general  gov- 
^rnrnent,  I  am  not  apprehensive  of  an  immediate  war. 
Th,  tuiu.UrLO  is  the  favorite  measure  ;  and  it  is  prohable 
that  other  means  will  be  employed  to  excite  hngland 
to  commit  some  act  of  hostility,  for  the  sole  purpose  of 
placina:  the  responsibility  of  war  on  that  country  ;  this 
1  most  particularly  recommend  to  the  consideration  of 
ministers.     The  dread  of  opposition,  and  the  loss  of 
popularity,  will  certainly  keep  the  ruling  party  at  Wash- 
Ington  inactive.    They  will  risk  any  tuing  bu   the  loss 
of  power;  and  they  are  well  aware  that  their  power 
would  pass  away  with  the  first  calamity  which  their 
measures  might  brir-vipon  the  coiiimon  people  (from 
whom  that  power  emanates,)  unless  indeed  they  could 
find  a  sufficient  excuse  in  th^  <^?n*i^,<^^;^^,^    .    ^^Xa  * 
This  impression  cannot  be  Uo  deeply  fe^^  b>  his  majet- 
ty's  mimster^,nor  too  widely  sprea.     ihrotig^liout  the 
iritish  nation.      It  will  furnish  a  sii  ^   Sui'     m     very 
poli  y  thai  may  be  adopted  towards  the  Uiu.      »tate». 
7  \ave  th.^  honor  to  be,  & c  ^*  ^* 

No    6. 

Boston.  March  5, 1809. 
S;v-I  am  uvored  with  another  opp/ytunity  of  writi^^^^ 
ia  you  by  a  private  convey  mce  ;  and  think  it  probable, 
^^J^l^ihfdih     fr    .uency  of  these  will  render 
ui    ^ccbsary  to  write  to  y  u  m  cypher. 
I     oesnoty.     appear    necessary,  that  I  should  dis 
cover  to  any  pei     n  the  purpose  of  my  visit  to  Bos^n 
nor  is  it  probable  u.at  1  shall  be  comp  lied,  ^^v^'^l^^' 
of  gaining  more  knowledge  of  the  arrangements  of  tl^ 
fedfral  party  of  these  states,  to  a.   v  myself  as  a  refed- 
W  n'Zrised  acrent  of  the  British  government  eve^Jo 
thos'c  individuals  who  would  fer  equally  ^.^^J^^^l^: 
myself  to  preserve  with  the  utmost  mi    utabiUty  «o  im 
portant  a  secret  from  the  public  eye. 


i 


of  I 

the  ^ 

vidu 

the  7 

sess  \ 

presi 

the  r 

state 

gins 

tliQ  gi 

the  ir 

thoug 

imme 

Madii 

about 

duced 

tercou 

cede  t 

Europ 

strong 

the  vej 

will  jt 

gree  ol 

€rnmcj 

respon: 

of  the 

0  Frar 

)mme 

iiercha 

a(    uies 

'Til.      ( 

iiitted  1 
ten-upte 

><)on  0 
lations  I; 
<)pinion 
hope  tlm 
ermnenl 


APPENDIX. 


t©  thp 
chmay 
pernors 
atcs  of 
Island, 
-al  gov- 
.te  war. 
Tobable 
Ingland 
•pose  of 
7  ;  thi§ 
ation  of 
loss  of 
t  Wash- 
the  loss 
r  power 
ih  their 
e  (from 
;y  could 
Britain. 

majei- 
iiout  the 
n     ^ery 

State*. 

1809. 
f  writing 
)robable, 
I  render 

nuld  dis- 
Boston : 
the  sake 
Its  of  tJic 
,s  a  reji,a- 
t  e\en  to 

J    :*i. 

liliU   "'Vi''= 

Lty  »o  i«" 


I 


the  national  /ot-.r»S  ot  i^.;|   "^^  '" 

sess  in  any  new  order  ofthiZl  'If!"""'  '%  "'"y  jp««- 

immldiafe  >va'-  yet  no  doull  ?  "  ?  P>?bability  of  ai 
Madison  will  faTlunon  ,om!  '="'«'-fe>'>e'i,  that  M,'. 
about  l.ostrl  t  es      ^fCAu*  "''"'  ^''pedients  to  bring 

<.«ced  f^ ^'Siappoa        t%"r:{tit^^^^^^^ 

r  sif o"€"h'-  ?i  '^'^^^^^U4  "»;."": 

Europe  a  3?  L^^*!l  *  ^  ''P^"'"^  with  the  rest  of 

stron^emp^s^ol' f\*^tthrirr4r^f ^^^^ 

Sent  of  'tht  o.mt;;":^^^^  'i,  "•"•'?"«  *''«  g"- 
responsibilityof '.a'oomtf,  r"'  *"  T  '"'"^  "'""«  and 
of  the  Briti/h  nunf,  l"""'!  j^'iV  *«"'''^>YP°"  *'"•«<= 
■"  France  si,ou"d  ca!^'  e  •  i-^  "/"^^  ""''''"''' 
wimerceof  New  E,'-    ,n!l  .."''"'"*"''  '="''  *c 

merchants I>ei„4L,-c3'v:ddl'r;f  ^T*'^  f?'^*"'  '^"^ 
ac  uiesce  in  tboi^'-t  ^  *•       "'■'"^"«i-aged  would  not  only 

.»ittedb"r"oir;'e1att'i  --"*-•»«<=  P- 

,.n„  "^1  <:,people  fl^ould  i,e  clamorous  for  nore  a».I 

lation   l^i"      ''^f^«™>"enc  to  restore  ti. e  >  I'n  u'y  ,,      •■ 
lations  lietwcen  the  two  countries       W.'U\\ain-^ 
opinion  upo    this  «nK.v-t  l  " .:!.i:  ^        '"'':  ^  '''^'"'  "'^ 


II 


68 


APPENDIX. 


Eli. 


cedls,  that  a  principal  motive  to  the  acjjttstmcnt  of  <lif- 
ferences  should  be  understood  to  arise  from  the  amicable 
disposition  of  thceastern  states, particularly  of  the  state 
of  Massncliusetts.  This,  as  it  would  increase  the  pop- 
ularity of  the  friends  of  Great  Britain,  could  not  fail  to 
promote  her  interests.  If  it  could  not  be  done  formal- 
ly knd  ofRcially,  nor  in  a  correspondence  between  min- 
isters, still  perhaps  the  administration  in  the  parliament 
of  Great  Britain  might  take  that  gi'ound,  and  the  sug- 
gestion would  find  its  way  into  tUe  papers  both  in  Eng- 
land and  America. 

It  cannot  be  too  frequently  repeated,  that  this  country 
can  only  be  governed  and  directed  by  the  influence  of 
opinion  ;  as  there  is  nothing  permanent  in  its  political 
institutions,  nor  are  the  populace  under  any  circumstan- 
ces to  be  relied  on,  when  measures  become  inconvenient 
and  burdensome.     I  will  soon  write  again,  and  am,  &c. 

A.  B. 

No.  7.    • 

Bostnv^  March  7, 1809. 

Sii>-.1  have  now  ascertained,  with  as  much  accuracy 
as  possible,  the  course  intended  to  be  pursued  by  the 
measures  and  politics  of  the  administration  of  the  geu- 
trai  govcriiincp.t. 

I  have  alrf  ctly  j^iven  a,  decided  opinion  that  a  declara- 
tion of  war  is  iiui  to  be  expected  ;  but,  contrary  to  all. 
reasonable  calculation,  srotild  the  congress  possess  spir- 
it and  iiulcpendence  onougli  to  place  their  popularity  in 
jeopardj^  by  so  strong  a  measure,  the  legislature  of  Ma<i- 
sarhusctts  v*^iil  give  t'le  tone  to  the  neighboring  states ; 
will  declare  itself  pcr,aiar*ei:t  until  a  new  election  oi 
members  5  invite  a  congress  to  be  composed  of  delegates 
frcn^  iA\G  iederal  states,  and  erect  a  separate  government 
for  their  common  defence  and  common  interest. 

This  congress  would  begin  by  abrogatin";  the  offen- 
sive laws,  and  adopting  a  pl&n  for  the  maintenance  of 
the  power  aad  aathority  th ua  f,gsumed.  They  would  by 
such  an  ac  oc  in  a  condition  to  make  or  receive  propo^ 
sals  from  Great  Britain  ;  and  I  should  scizo  the  first 
moment  to  oper^  a  correr|.«:ndpncc  Vviih  your  e  cellency. 


APPENDIX. 


51) 


Hiill- 


iioiic  required  th»n  .  f  "<"  ncccssar,  >  anil  m 

^Vhat  permanent  conncv  11?  '''i?'''''«''''='"'"«'''- 
Has  section  of  the  ,"  ,ul,l  .  .  I?"  '^'■'•■'"  "''""''  «"'' 
commotion  such  asn  iX  '""'f  S™"'  0"t  of  a  civil 
pared  to  describe  •f'-.'''  ''■^''"^''''  "»  per^on  i.  pre- 
>m.st  resid  ,.f  „eVe.,it.  socms  that  a  .tnct  nlli;  „c. 
party  confine  tlu^rclVuValt   ■"'"'"I  ''"=   °l'P"^itioa 

freel^entert^S^Vepro '«  of  '.'■■•T-'''"';'''  ",-^-  ^l"  ««? 
states  from  the  uniom7ndinJif  ,"  '*'  '"'S  "'"  '"'^"'^ 
although  a  course  of  'even  "«  fch  21  rT^''^^'^' ' 
tioned,  would  inevitahW  n,„,  '.''''^^''<='o''e men- 

tion of  the  New  En^Unf /^  '.',"  *•'  '"durable  alicna- 
t™th  is,  the  colmol  neiut  "*  ^°V">«™  states.  The 
constitution  of  the  Unfte^L '  T  ■l'"'^  ?S^''^'''^  the 
ttej  are  now  onl  v  disposed  fntbU^  complacency  that 
like  a  truant  mistie=«  ?„)?„  ,u  1«a>-ter  to  treat  it 
away  on  a  seZa  e  mai  1  ^^^X^o^^d  for  a  time  put 
andgreaterpFovocttTon  .     ^1'*'  ^'"'  '^"'""t  f"tSer 

It  will  soo^n  be  k^'oTn';  Jha^^'''^°>'*'V'^I'•"««*" 
are  to  remain  until  «.e  meetbf of  C."""  P"^""  ""'''''••' 
May,  at  which  time  also  flfil?^  •  .  .  "'"■  congress  in 
semble.  The  Uvn^l^l^l  \i.^  'fP^lature  will  again  as- 
of  much  anxU;?  ""'""''  "'«' "^'«"«"«  will  be  ^period 

*n  all  I  have  vvrlffpn   tk«      t. 

any  ii..pression  anXtous  to  Jw?/!  "•"^''.'  ""*  *"  -"a^e 
entertained  by  the  o,fn.?.w-   '"*  «»t''"siastic  confidence 

pectations  tha^t  aniS  '°f:"°?"  l^'  ^'"f''  '^"''  "x" 
twecn  the  northern  st  1.  ."?.'''  "'^  "»  alliance  be- 
abstracted  mysef  from  «!.*?"**  ^'■'=**  »"'«'"•  I  Co 
c"!ated  to  inspfre     hi^,"'"  sympathies  these  are  cal- 

the  utmost  coSnceTn^r ln"tlT  ^^^''/''S  *"*  »  f«e' 
eadmgcharacters  in  this  DolWr,fr^°' '?*'"*'»'>»'' the 

that  they  derive  their  pow^rfr'^r/i^S"?"'-  ^  '^""'^  '''"•««» 

-ce,w^.;^---«-^e^,.anr;^^ 

1  am,  occ,  •'* 

A.  B. 


40 


APPENDIX. 


No.  8. 

Boston,  March  10,  1809", 

Sir — In  my  letter  No.  6, 1  took  the  libert;)^  to  ^presft 
my  opinion  of  the  probable  effect  of  the  nonintercourse 
law  intended  to  be  enacted  ;  and  of  the  mode  by  which 
Great  Britain  may  defeat  the  real  intention  of  the 
American  government  in  passing  it.  But  as  the  sort  of 
impunity  recommended  might,  in  its  application  to  ev- 
ery species  of  commerce  that  would  be  carried  on,  be 
deemed  by  Great  Britain  a  greater  evil  than  war  itself, 
a  middle  course  miaht  easily  be  adopted,  which  would 
deprive  France  of  the  benefit  resulting  from  an  inter- 
course with  America,  without,  in  any  great  degree,  ir- 
ritating the  maritime  states. 

The  high  price  of  all  Americ^  produce  in  France 
furnishes  a  temptation  which  mercantile  avaiice  will  be 
unable  to  resist.     The  consequence  is  obvious.    But  if 
instead  of  condemning  the  vessels  and  cargoes  which 
may  be  arrested  in  pursuing  this  prohibited  commerce, 
they  should  be  compelled  to  go  into  a  British  port,  and 
there  permitted  to  sell  them,  I  think  the  friends  of  Eng- 
land in  these  states,  would  not  utter  a  complaint.     In- 
deed, I  have  no  doubt  that  if,  in  the  prosecution  of  a 
lawful  voyage,  the  British  cruisers  should  treat  Ameri- 
can ships  m  this  manner,  their  owners  would  in  the  pre- 
sent state  of  the   Europe -m  markets,  think  themselves 
very  fortunate^  as  it  would  save  them  the  trouble  and 
cxpence  of  landing  the-n  in  a  neutral  port,  and  froin 
thence  reship  them  to  ED.:?iarid,  now  the  best  market  in 
Eu,rope  for  the  produce  ot'  tins  country.      The  govern- 
ment ©f  the  United  States  would   probably  complain, 
and  Bonaparte  become  peremptory  ;  but  even  that  would 
only   tend  to  render  the  opposition  in   the  northern 
states  more  resolute  and  accelerate  the  dissolution  of 
the  confederacy.     The  generosity  and  justice  of  Great 
Biitain  would  be  extolled,  and  the  commercial  states 
exult  in  the  success  of  individuals  over   a  government 
IniTP.ir.al  to  comm.erce,  and  to  whose  measures  they  can 
lic  longer  submit  with  patient  acquiesceuQe. 


APPENDIX.  ^^ 

federal  party.    I  am  &c  success  of  the 

ha.  surrendered"  olffcSfcs-  *'*'  **'"""''1«'' 

No.  9. 

Si^  -Vou  will  perceiv."  ff  »'^''  •^""'^  "'  »«f9- 
reach  you  in  the  nS?.   ^  *f  accounts  that  will 

general  ^overnmenTa  tr  must'LTo  «  "f.*  ^V*"^ 
own  territory,  and  mLhf  hf.!^    I        confined  to  their 

ernment  to  sustain  Th^  L  *'"  *""  '"'"^''  f"''  that  gov- 
the  parade  and  menaces  wrT'?^'. '  '  «">»  after  all 
menaced,  it  has  been  tXrld  to  ''  I  «'«'«'«'»"  com- 
into  effect  any  of  <J,p  „l,„  *  r  1l  ""*""'  '•arryint 
except  the  interdiction  of^^o?,^  "^  *?. '"J'nmistrationT 
England  and  France  ^neveTZf'  ""*^^»»"e  >vith 
mj  former  letters.  *''^*  "''^  anticipated  in 

in  May;;L',1e;;^d1X^^^^^  -"  ^eet 

ges  that  may  ik  the  L?^  t^     elections  and  the  chan- 

With  regard^o  G.eat  BrL^n     V         *"''"  '"  ^"'"P*- 
l.er  true|„icy  in  ^elatioi  *« 'I'mtrfcr  1^'  "f^'''^^ 
first  object,  evorv  art  ivl,i„i.        "    .'     "  P«a=e  be  the 
states  ought  to  b7avoi2rfh    '''"  T****  ^l^^  '"'"•itime 
sition  of%hese  w.'r±f4t'Tr  *''^P."-"»i«»g  dispo- 
governmentfrom  haztrdkg  /„h„™.l"*°'  *»  ^eep  the 
war  between  America  ani  i     -^  hostile  measure.     If  a 
turn,  something  more m^l^^r"  '»=  "  S'^nd  desidera- 
iatory  policy  .Ct  be  adonted  ?  v' f  '"</»'g«ntco„cit 
■nocrats  without  a  pretext  ?;^rh   1^',$  """  ''^^^^  the  de 

whose  passions  aKh*t  for  de'''''f.''"V«""''P"t'^ 
Pe  this  government  to  decide  ^^"''r  Rf"''''"^  *=»"" 
belligerents  is  to  hp  :*=  .„!"r  ''^,'''1'  ??  the  two  creat 


ration  of  the  states  '  unXT'^i-  ..^"""ng about  a  sepa- 
governaiente,  is  an  affair  of     *'"''  *'"'  ^''dependent 


42 


APPENDIX. 


however  desirable,  cannot  be  effected  but  by  a  series  of 
acts  and  Ions  continued  policy,  tending  to  irritate  the 
southern  ana  conciliate  the  northern  ])eople.  The  for" 
mer  agricultural,  the  latter  a  commercial  people.  The 
mode  of  cheering  and  depressing  either  is  too  obvious 
to  require  illustration.  This,  I  am  aware,  is  an  object 
of  much  interest  in  Great  Britain,  as  it  would  forever 
secure  the  integrity  of  his  majesty's  possessions  on  the 
continent  and  make  the  two  governments  of  whatever 
»umber  the  present  confederacy  might  form  into,  as  use- 
ful and  as  much  subject  to  the  influence  of  Great  Britain 
as  her  colonies  can  be  rendered.  But  it  is  an  object  on- 
ly to  be  attained  by  slow  and  circumspect  progression, 
and  requires  for  its  consummation  more  attention  to  the 
siffiiirs  which  agitate  and  excite  parties  in  this  country^ 
tlian  Great  Britain  has  yet  bestowed  upon  it.  An  un- 
popular war—that  it  is  a  war  produced  by  the  hatred 
and  prejudices  of  one  party,  but  against  the  consent  of 
the  other  party,  can  alone  produce  a  sudden  separation 
of  any  section  of  this  country  from  the  common  head. 

At  all  events,  it  cannot  be  necessary  to  the  preserva- 
tion of  peace,  that  Great  Britain  should  make  any  great 
concession  at  the  present  moment ;  move  especially  as 
the  more  important  changes  that  occur  in  Europe  mi^ht 
.render  it  convenient  for  her  to  adhere  to  any  stipulation 
in  favor  of  neutral  maritime  nations.  ' 

Altliough  the  nonintercourse  law  affords  but  a  partial 
relief  to  the  people  of  this  country  from  the  evils  ot 
that  entire  suspension  of  commerce  to  which  they  have  re- 
luctantlv  submitted  for  some  time  past,  I  lament  the 
repeal  olf  the  embargo  ;  because  it  was  calculated  to  ac- 
celerate the  progress  of  these  states  towards  a  revolu- 
tion tliat  would  have  put  an  end  to  the  only  republic 
that  remains  to  prove  that  a  government  founded  on 
political  equality  can  exist  in  a  season  of  trial  and  dit- 
iicuUy,  oris  calculated  to  insure  either  security  or  hap- 
piness to  a  people,     lam&c.  A.  B. 

No.  10. 

Boston,  J^larch  W,  1^0-^' 

Sir— Since  my  letter  of  the  13th,  nothing  has  occur- 
red which  i  thought  worthy  of  couimnnication. 


APPENDIX.  ^j 

nesis  of  the  majority  account  for  tiie  smaH- 

tole  ops  °" -^''^-^S^  '=  -"--y,  and  none  is 

isoB  that  a  war  wTth  Grea    BnV»      '^.°"^"'^*^»'--  Ma.i- 
upon  whicli  he  dare  ventu  e      sf.  "   '^  "1  *   ""=''^'"« 
gamzed  opposition  to  t  "e  ^.^ject ' ';'  M    P/"?'  "^  *"  °^- 
put  mto  operation,  the  «-h,Kth«N?*V*'?'''',""  "''» 
liave  transferred  their  no   n°;i       ^"''^°«'and  states 

enemies,  aud  the  rea  of  h  1 1  e'^hT/stin  '"  "^'"'''^ 
herents  „,  that  those  who  comi  W  fll  ,  '?  •"*"y  '"*- 
of  America  to  consist  in  tho.^f^      -^  ""/  t™eP"I'oy 

ftill  great  confidence,   hat  ,oti^^""r  °/ ^'T'  ''''" 
Iiii  successor  who  acts  .mf„-^''   *^3rce  him    (or 
erned  by  it)  to  consent  t'owT  V^J^f'^r  'iS-'- 
wcnaces  and  «  dreadful  nnt^  ,>f       ^  consider  all  the 
mere  finesse,  iute  id.d  t„  nt.'^  prej.arat.on"  to  be  a 
land  on  cheap  terms      F,l         "Concession  from  En?- 
confess  I  am  mSof +■  ™"'  ^'"'^  *•"■*  «*'  evidence,^! 
persuaded  th7the   Ll  ""'"^"^1,""'"  '  <""^  <"»  ^h 
Washington  vvilltermLf,  "'''f',  ''^^'"=«»  *^ti"g  at 
it^  and  spiritlL"  t.mZ  of' ^"  ^"  P™"/"''  ">«  *'""«<="- 
without  the  concrrrenc.  ofiofh  ""''V ^  '"""  *'^«"'P'*d 
eral  consent  of  the  nnrti>!\r    *    ''*'"*'*''  *"*'  ""«  ?"'- 
the.  bone  and  m^',,?;,^/,!  l!!.?.',  ^''^ch  consti^tute 
w'lUiort  hope  and  9rnUr^r^\r  •'''"""/>  ,'^^»»t  commence 


44 


APPENDIX. 


tvveen  tlic  north  and  south;  and  hy  succeeding  in  this, 
she  may  carry  into  effect  her  own  projects  in  Europe, 
with  a  >  total  disregard  to  the  resentment  of  the  demo* 
crat3  of  this  country.        I  am,  &c.  A.  B» 

No.  11. 

Boston,  April  13,  1809.. 
Sir — IseudtoMr.  R.  a  pamphlet  entitled  "Sup- 
pressed Documents."      The  notes  and  comments  were 
written  by  the  gentleman  who  has  written  the  "  analy- 
sis," which  I   sent  by  a  former  conveyance.    These 
works  have  greatly  contributed  to  excite  the  fears  of  the 
men  of  talents  and   property  5  who  now  prefer   the 
caance  of  maintaining  their  partif  by  open  resistance 
and  a  final  separation  to  an  alliance  with  France,  and  a 
war  with  England.     So  that  should  the  government  un- 
expectedly aiid  contrary  to  all  reasonable  calculation, 
attempt  to  involve  the  country  in  a  measure  of  that  na- 
ture, I  am  co.ivinced  (now  that  the  election-^  have  all 
terminated  favorably)  that  none  of  the  New  England 
states  would  be  a  party  in  it. — ^But,  as  I  have  repeated- 
ly written,  the  general  government  does  not  seriously 
entertain  any  such  desire  or  intention.     Had  the  ma- 
jority in  the  New  England  states  cc  ntinued  to  approve 
of  the  public  measures,  it  is  extremely  probable  that 
Great  Britain  would  now  have  to  choose  betv/een  war 
and  concession.     But  the  asjiect  of  "Jiings  in  this  res- 
pect is  changed ;  and  a  war  would  produce  an  incura- 
ble alienation  of  the  eastern  states,  and  bring  the  whole 
country  in  subordination  to  the  inter<^sts  of  Englarid, 
whose  navy  would   prescribe  and  enforc     the  terms 
upon  which  the  commercial  states  should  carry  ami  the 
Agricultural  states  export  their  surplus  produce.     All 
this  is  as  well  known  to  the  democrats  as  to  the  other 
party  ;  therefore  they  will  avoid  a  war,  at  least  until 
the  whole  nation  is  unanimous  for  it.    Still  when  we 
consider  of  what  materials  the  government  is  formed^ 
it  is  impossible  to  speak  with  an;]^  certainty  of  their 
measures.  The  past  administration  in  every  transaction 
presents  to  the  mind  only  a  muddy  commixture  of  folly, 
weakjaeds  and  duplicity.    The  spell;  by  which  the  »&- 


tion 
whe 
shad 

pCOf 

intei 


Sii 

Gomii 

Ih 

accur 

Legig 

In 

electa 

paper 

memb 

Th( 

Secret 

before 

tion  tc 

exemp 

i-nglai 

Britair 

e(,>nvic 

serve  j 

uith  it 

tLe  res 

But< 

will  be 

country 

tempt  t 

of  Grea 

mericun 

and  dec 

tribute  i 

^y.    Th 

^e  fo  I'gc 
^Vance, 

tachm;>n 

rtinderct 


APPilNDLY.  \^^ 

shadows  across  tfieAtlantir  ,m       J  ^^^  stretched  it, 

No.  12. 

Sir-Since  my  letter  No  if  1'?"'  "'f^^se,  1809. 
communicate.    '^  ^o-  U,  i  have  had  but  little  to 

»ccur::;  Z*  ^ettfc^ret^r,,  7fK**'"  '''*  ««ffi"e°t 
Le^isla^e  bodie.i^ie7Cid^*  ^'^^  partie,  i„  the 

elected  out  of  the  fefc;''' ^r''™"''?  '«'^«  ''««» 
papers  indicate  an  Hnexnecf/rfV.  T"?  *''®  southern 
members  in  the  .,extco„gress'^"Smeutati«n  of  federal: 

Secrt:ar;:fTate:rWafe"  ^'•^-'"-  and  the 
before  th'is  can  react  you  '"K'  ?«»  "'»  have  seen 

t'on  to  the  federal  party  here  .k„  ^'''''" '""*'=''  «»«»&<=- 
exemption  from  the  evVthev'^ '?;""'*  P/o^'^es  »•» 
^>\g!and)  and  justifies  hd/i^''fH?f''«'»  a  war  with 
Bnfain  which  ttey  mainteTn  Pf  *'f  ^X ,*»* *'-d8  Great 
cnviction  of  her^stice  and  sInL  "",-*'"'*  -"P""  "  f"" 
serve  peace.     Even  th^A^T    ^^''"^  disposition  to  pre- 

« ith  ii;  because  irthe:  tS ^^Kj"  ""^  ^'ti^fi*" 
the  restnctive  system  ^f  Mr  JeSn*'  *^'  '^'^'y  "^ 

will  be   thft  Borlp^fte '^n  ;t   P™^^^^^^ 
country  fiom  her  leutri    nTw-f-  '"''"f'^''  *»  '"'•ce  this 
tempt  to  exclude  from   h  ,  P^^*""-    ^^lled  in  his  at! 
of  Great  Britain,  he  wi    mo"t  ,ii  f  *'"*  manufactures, 
meric-m  property  in  his  /l^?  •  •''''^'j  t^onfiscate  all  A- 
and  decl.S;re  W      No  h  """nr  '"'^  dependenciel, 
tribute  to  give  influence  an!  «f^-r.™""*'  *''««  '««  con*  - 
y.     The  ^.viJio,,,  occun"4e.s  of'Vi  ***  ^'l"  ^"««''  P^"- 
be  foigotten  in  the  re.e.  ment  of     '*  '*'^'".'''°  '^""J* 
h'!*;^'  ""i.ther  vould  soon  LI i'll  f'^P'^  '!S«i"«t 


tac 


weaned    fi^^^  +if« 


**wxu  lae  mother  countrr. 


At  lit- 


W4S 


46 


APPENDIX. 


"While  Great  Britain  waits  for  this  natural,  I  raiglii 
say  necessary  result  of  the  uegociation,  would  it  not  be 
extremely  inexpedient  to  conclude  a  treaty  with  the  A- 
merican  government  ?  Every  sort  of  evidence  and  ex- 
perience prove,  that  the  democrats  considei  their  polit- 
ical ascendency  in  a  great  measure  dependant  upon  the 
hostile  spirit  tliat  they  can  keep  alive  towards  Great 
Britain,  and  recent  events  demonstrate  that  their  con- 
duct will  be  predicated  upon  that  conviction:  it  is 
therefore  not  to  be  expected  that  they  Vv^ill  meet  with 
corresponding  feelings  a  sincere  disposition  on  the  part 
of  England  to  adjust  all  matters  in  dispute.  They  are 
at  heart  mortified  and  disappointed  to  find  that  Great 
Britain  has  been  in  advance  of  the  French  government 
in  taking  advantage  of  the  provisional  clauses  of  the 
nonintercourse  law  5  and  if  they  shew  any  spirit  at  the 
next  session  of  Congress  towards  France,  it  will  be 
only  because  they  will  find-Bonaparte  deaf  to  entreaty 
and  insensible  of  past  favors  ;  or  that  they  may  think 
it  safer  to  float  with  the  tide  of  public  feelings  which 
will  set  strongly  against  him,  unless  he  keep  pari  pass  a 
with  England  in  a  conciliatory  policy. 

When  I  begun  n^}r  letter,  I  intended  to  make  some 
observations  in  relation  to  the  boundary  line — [Here  10 
or  12  Hies  of  the  manuscript  are  erased.] 

I  am,  &c.  A.  B. 

Ko.  13. 

Boston,  May  5,  1809. 

Sir— Although  the  recent  changes  that  have  occurred 
quiet  all  apprehensions  of  war  and  consequently  lessen 
all  hope  of  a  separation  of  the  states.  I  think  it  neces- 
sary to  transmit  by  the  mail  of  each  week  a  nketch  of 
passing  events. 

On  local  politics  I  have  nothing  to  add  ;  and  as  the 
parade  that  is  made  in  the  National  Intelligencer  of  the 
siucere  disposition  of  Mr.  Madison  to  preserve  amica- 
ble relations  with  Great  Britain  is  in  my  opinion  calcu- 
tated  to  awaken  vigilance   and  distrust  rather  than 

: : iZA^^^^  T  ^u«ii    /V...Mt\n>  nAfViino-  mnrp.  ininnr- 

Unt  to  write  about)  take  leave  to  examine  his  motives. 


•^i. 


APPENDIX.  ^j 

cause  it  ,vas  made  inculenTnn  v"  ?'"?*  ^"•''"'  de- 
gress ;  but  the  obseivat  „"•       ^         '-^  *''*'  '"^'  "''«'»'- 
sitions  t..wards  Great  R^l-''  °"  '"'  ''"'"""7  dispo- 
astonishment.     The  Ihole  t  J'  *"  "/,'?"  "^  »»  "ttie 
directly  and    unenui  ^tjlr   Z/^h'?  P?"«^^'  '"^ 
speech  on  the  Bridsh  Ircat^y  i^  qS  "h-  **•""•      "'* 
pass  a  law  for  the  -onfilr^!-^      c^    "'«  attempt  to 
British  property    liui"*'""  -"f  "  ^"t'«''  debts'-^nd 
apparen'^l/on  fn  i"  'a r„X'''  A '"'"•"""'  «'<'"»^cd 
co/ony  to  France.      H L  con  ?£t      f  •."*  "'«'■»'  "«  * 
state  J  allformanassemll,!     f*"*  ",""'"  secretary  of 
to  convince  me  at  Sfef  probabilities  ten.1i„e 

5,  treaty  in  which  the  rigto   and 'nr.f  '">"^'?  ''«^"« 
nritam  would  be  fairly  reco,.nf,.  ,P'^^*^nsion  of  Great 
ble  that  he  should  at  on/o^Ii?   *  f  ^-    ^*/cems  impossi- 
animosity  and  that  pride  of  „•  •'"'"'''/.  °^^'^  hafcitual 
srtuation'cnables  h  £  „  inlir'l"'/^:''''  >"«  P^^^ent 
should  depriyo  his  friends  3/  but  above  all,  that  he 
fit  of  those  prejudices  wblti?  '"RPO't^rs  of  the  bene- 
ed  in  the  miSds  of  «,«  coml^'''"  ''f »  <=*'-«'"»"j  <"«ster. 
and  which  have  so  m^t?,.f  M  "  P*°P'^  towards  fin^land. 

i'^d  "rneJ^L  demSti/.'"?*"''"^??  *°  '"^'l"'"*' 
aoa> 4 ma-  b.^  it  ifi°  i,"* "^ P''"*y-„   Whatever  hfs  real 

enou?  .  to  -enn u he  into  tl'''«'  "^  *«  »'^''''-  h*™''" 
change.     He  p  Xbly  act 'u„,l""'  "^   *>^  ^PP'-^"* 
the  present  temper  of  the   easttn''   ""^"«°"  f'at  in 
not  tad  to  produces  disoluton"f  *//"**'  ''."""^  ^o^W 
way  have  profited  by  the  nit,  t      Vt?   "'"""  '  °'-  he 
andisinclWdtoseWhe  1»  'Z*^  *"'  predecessor? 
to  the  world  that  htis  d!fT  *°*  ???»'•*''"■*)'  to  prove 
of  a  nation  rather  than   tbl  ^'f''.*"  ^'  ti.e  president 
has  probably  gone  thu'V»!^<''''^  of  a  faction;  or  be 
the  minds  ot  many  hat  hV!r'"°T  *t  '"'P'-e^'sion  on 
l^rance  in  order  tl4t  he  ml     -lu""!""  '""^  'nfi'"-""  of 
wore  tenable  grounds  aSr*-'!,*^"^"^^  S'-'ce  »"d  on 

progress  of  nwcfatfnS  w     'I'"'  ^'"^''t  ^^tai"  i"  tlie 
tivMm,..  i,„   .«'°"*t"'Sa  treaty.     Whatova,  >,;„  „. 

.„..r,;;-  V.  -,  ^  am  very  certain  his  party  will  n^t  ^ 

manly  and  generous  policy.     Weak 


4S 


APPENDIX. 


men  are  sure  to  temporize  when  great  events  call  upon 
them  for  decision,  and  are  sluggish  and  inert  at  the  mo- 
ment "when  the  worst  of  evils  is  in  action.  This  is  the 
character  of  the  democrats  in  the  northern  states.  Of 
those  of  the  south  {  know  but  little. 

I  am,  &c.  A.  B. 

No.  14. 

Boston,  Maif25,  1809. 

Sir — My  last  was  under  date  of  the  5th  isstant. 

The  unexpected  change  which  has  taken  place  in  the 
feelings  of  political  men  in  this  country  in  consequence 
of  Mr.  Madison's  prompt  acceptance  of  the  friendly 
proposals  of  Great  Britain  has  caused  a  temporary  sus- 
pension of  the  conflict  of  parties  ;  and  they  both  regard 
him  with  equal  wonder  and  distrust.  They  all  ascribe 
ins  conduct  to  various  motives,  but  none  believe  him  to 
he  in  earnest. 

The  state  of  New  York  has  returned  to  the  Assem- 
l)ly  a  majority  of  federal  members.  AH  this  proves 
that  an  anticommercial  faction  cannot  rule  the  northern 
states.  Two  montlis  ago  the  state  of  New  York  was 
not  ranked  among  the  states  that  would  adopt  the 
policy  of  that  of  Massachusetts  -,  and  any  favorable 
change  was  exceedingly  problematical. 

I  beg  leave  to  suggest  that  in  the  present  state  of 
things  m  this  country  my  presence  can  contribute  very 
little  to  the  interests  of  Great  Britain.  If  Mr.  Erskine 
be  sanctioned  in  all  he  has  conceded,  by  his  majesty's 
ministers,  it  is  unnecessary  for  me,  as  indeed  it  would 
he  unavailing  to  make  any  attempt  to  carry  into  effect 
the  original  purposes  of  my  mission.  While  I  think  it 
my  duty  to  give  this  intimation  to  you,  I  beg  it  may  be 
understood  that  I  consider  myself  entirely  at  the  dis- 
posal of  his  majesty's  government. 

X  am,  6cc.  -A-  B. 

No.  15. 

Montreal,  June  12,  1809. 
o:-_  T  ^AyA  th**  bo''*-or  tf*  inform  ¥Qur  exceHencv  that 
I  received,  through  Mr.  Secretary  feyiand,  your  excel- 
lency's commands  to  return  to  Canada,  md  after  the 


h 


4ela 

from 

Yi 

Jates 

oppo 

meas 

if  he 

Brita 

hers } 

of  wh 

t1enio( 

thzy  I 

parent 
The 
the  pre 
this  pa 
vent  a 
ous  to  1 
nature 
federal 

unfavor 
g'-eat  CI 
f  judicic 
J»er  inte 
cinga  f, 

ernment 

have  incJ 

m  my  fo, 

I  trust 

nijinner  o 

guities  ini 

necessary 

»»nderstoo 

'^'ithout  rii 

liameni 

has  permit 

I  oence  of  y^ 

!  expressed 

i  lid 
U^  certify 

the  letter  0/ 


Is 


APPENDIX. 

,    Your  excellency  wiM  1,  ^'=**«''''aj'-  ^ 

U^t  dates  from  ^hTteed  'C  '^  /^  P^P*""'  "^  "'« 
«PPos.t.on  is  already  oreank,,!  v  '  *''•''*  *  fo'-mdable 
measures  of  Mr.  Mad^so^"^'^  !n.<=»»g'-ess  to  the  late 

♦JfprobabHityofTwarwh.  &''"''"^«' -tre  founded  o,. 
th-sparty  u  strong  and  well  ^'■''"'=-'"  "^"t' at  all  even", 

necessary  to  ^1^1     *^'^^'  ^^  arising  from  fh?    ^"'^'- 
unrloraf/j    ^  Observed  and  mv  ^  "0/'^°*"  "ic  secrecr 


'^PresW  b.hS'S 


v'a  »M 


^}tl'^oAo^l 


the 

IS  1(31 


approbation  ahead- 


& 


c. 


-«S^.-CSj^--«. 


50 


APPENDIX- 


1% 


relating  to  the  mission  in  which  I  wa^^  employed  hy  ir 
James  €raij5,  bv  hi  letter  of  instructions  bearing  d  .te 
February  6,  1 809. 

(Signed)  JOHN  HENRY. 

No.  V. 
Mr.  Ryland  (j  Mr.  J.  Henry,  \st  May,  1809. 

My  dear  sir,— The  news  ve  have  received  this  day 
from  the  United  States  will,  i  imagine,  goon  iting  you 
back  to  u?,  and  if  you  rrive  a.  Montrr-^  by  Ihe  middle 
of  June,  I  shall  probably  'lave  the  pleasure  of  meeting 
you  there,  as  I  am  going  up  with  sir  James  and  a  large 
suite.  The  last  letters  received  from  you  are  to  ihe  13th 
April ;  the  whole  are  low  'ranscribing  for  the  purpose 
Of  being  sent  home  where  tbev  cai  lot  fail  of  doing  you 
.credit,  and  I  most  sincerely  hope  they  may  e^  tually 
contribute  to  your  permanent  a^  vantage.  It  i  t  ne- 
cessary to  repeat  the  assui  ic^^s  that  no  eifoi .  ^  ithin 
the  compass  of  my  power  shall  oe  wanting  to  this  end. 

I  am  cruelly  out  of  spirits  at  ihe  idea  ot  old  England 
truckling  to  such,  a  debased  and  accursed  government  as 
that  of  the  United  States.  , 

I  am  greatly  obliged  to  you  for  the 'trouble  you  have 
taken  in  procuring  the  books,  though  if  Spain  i alls  I 
shall  scarcely  have  aheart  to  look  into  thein.  1  can  add 
no  more  now,  but  that  I  am  most  heartily  and  affection- 
ately yours. 

(Signed)  *  1I.\V.K. 

J.  Henry,  esq.  Bestan. 
Mr.  Ryland  to  Mr.  Henry,  dated  M-ay  4,  1809. 

My  dear  sir— You  must  consider  the  short  letter  I 
wrote  you  by  the  last  post  asaltogether  unofficial,  but  I 
am  now  to  intimate  to  you  in  a  more  formal  manner  our 
hope  of  vour  speedy  return,  as  the  object  of  your  journey 
seems,  to  the  present  at  least,  to  beat  anejjd.  V>e 
have  London  news  byway  of  the  river  up  to  the  6th  ot 
^iarch,  which  tallies  to  a  day  with  what  we  have  receiv- 
ed by  the  way  of  the  states.     Heartily  wislnngyou  a 


JS** 


,,I    c-£.»rJ^ 


i*.ll\k 


&^reQj  J 


ou 


rncy  back  to  us. 


I  am, my  dour  sir,  most  sirtcrely  yours, 


/j^ 


^isnoc 


"R 


'') 


a.  w.  R, 


APPENniX.  5, 

"^^  ■*  '■"'  'Jy^  ij'n  •'"••Jf,  tizjA  a  copv  of 
msstate.uenUad,nem«nal  to  the  Karl  of  Liverpool. 

Soon  aftp'AJ.'/"/''''"?''!"''"  '''"'«*  *■"«'•  '"'e-"-] 

„„j  •         ■"'"eve  that  the  two  countries  would  Up  invM 

States  forTS-''*f  "^^''f  *'"S"^''  P-Vinlc  uS 
oiates  lor  an  efiicient  resistance  to  the  general  •'overn- 

of  ?h'.  n    *.'•  """'•'  P'o'-^'-'j'  terminate  if  t^esML. 
aLta  to  tho"  ''f''^ /■'•«™Jhe  gt^ueral  confScv  'ho 
Boston  ^Ve"  ^."^"V^''' '»  undertake  a  mission  to 

n  u  ~°d?n  fh"*  '"■""'"Pi^ationtetwcen  the  leadin-^ 
ralup^n^S  a  fo. ?!?•'''"''"""  ""''  *•"=  governor  gene'! 
and  finalirto  r^e"f  h"  "2:TT"'-  ""«'!*  ''¥'''  ' 
subservient  to  tlHie^  soft?"' ,•?  •'"  "^^''t^^P'^tio" 
The  umlpr^:™!  ;       ?        'f  """jesty  s  government.* 

from  the  moLtrofxr''*'"'?''  ^^'  '"'^^'o"  ^'"'''  '"*♦«<» 
sive,  duringl'ici  J"™^  *"  ""  '""""'  "^  '"-'  ''"'- 

semMiL"tf  MalLrhuse^f"'"";-^  '*'"'"«°'''  "^  *>>*  % 
whirh  t»nt  t"  1         f""  ""*'  Connecticut  ivcre  nassef 

in  checkPaVrdlX'rP  l*'-?^'""'"''"' "";' ^'^  United 'Statea 
»  V  .     u  '"  '"'"f^'S  iato  execution 

.   Vide  the  despatches  of  Sir  James  Craig.  June  1808 


^^'■.^^-sf^ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


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Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580, 

(716)  872-4503 


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52 


APPE^^DIx. 


me\TceT'''  '^  ^"""^^^^  '''^^  ""^''^  ^^^*^  ^"^^  ^'^^ 

tlip'it  ^*f  !''''*''^  ^"  *^^  occasion  herein  recited,  tnd 

ie  t^^^^^^^^^^^^^  '"^n"'  ''""'^'^'^^  '^'  undersigned 

ed  0  thp  k?^  •  'T'^^^  any  compensation  5  but  trust- 
-overrmif  r  *.^"^         and  fiberality  of  his  majesty 'h 

and  Donr^  ''n ''If'  ^r'*^'"**^''  ^"  P^^'^d.,  shillings' 
^^oJLh  ^*  .?''i  *^  P**/«°a|c  and  support  which  wSs 
promised  in  the  letter  of  sir  J.  Craig  imier  date  of  the 

iJon  L  ^?,77  correspondence  and  political  informa- 
tion transmitted  by  the  undersigned  had  met  with  the 
particular  approbation  of  his  majesty's  secretary  of 
•tate,  and  that  his  execution  of  the  mission  (proposed  to 

^^t'onW  on?.  '"  *'"'  ^'''''^  ^'^'^  g-«  LT claim 
^J.iJ  ?,^  *^^g«:j«™r  general  but  on  his  majesty '• 
sninisters  )  the  undersigned  has  relied  and  now  most 
respecttully  claims,  in  whatever  mode  the  Earl  of  Liv- 
erpool may  be  pleased  to  adopt. 

^.SnnX  T]^?u'«r^^  ?"A*  '•espectfully  takes  this  occa- 

L  to!  \  ?-^^f  .'^"'■^'j  "P^vardsof  one  thousand  pouna» 
/, «  5  ^y  ^^^  '®**®^  (herewith  transmitted)  under  date 
of  13  Sept  1809,  whiih  he  has  just  learned  V  Tn  cen! 
feq^ence  of  his  absence,  been  given  to  another  person. 
1  l»e  undersigned  abstains  from  commenting  on  this  tran- 
saction 5  and  respectfully  suggests  that  the  appointment 
<>1  Judge  Advocate  General  of  the  province  of  lower 
i^anada,  with  a  salary  of  five  hundred  pounds  a  vear,  or 
a  consulate  m  the  United  States,  sine  curia,  Would  be 


consiilered  by  him  a  liberal  discharge' of^n^oStion 

vernment  may  entertain  in  relation 


t!iat  lus  majesty's  government  may 
to  his  service. 


Copy  of  a  letter  to  Mr.  Peel,  enclosing  the  foregoing. 

.^?!l7'  ,H^l?'^l*^^/**'^  ^^  enclosing  to  you  a  memorial 
addressed  to  the  Earl  of  Liverpool  ;  and  beg  you  will 
have  the  goodness  cither  to  examine  the  documents  in 
your  oliice,  or  those  in  mv  nv.n  pncc/.ocV«   ^^v-^^'--  ^^ 
extent  and  legitimacy  of  my  claims.  ^ 


APPENDIX.  53 

•actions 'and  facte™lM«  ll '^^'''*"'«^"f  *'''=  f^"" 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  &C.&C. 
(Signeth 

''t'crefaiVy/r>*^|'«  f «;'  of  .Live.-p„ol,  by  hi. 

No.  VII. 

Si,— 1  have  not  {^dt"V*Ti'  ^^'*  •^«»^-  '811. 
^-pol.thememoriai;  '.eihtr  ^!h'v™  *«  ^»''  »f  I^"" 
yb'cl.  was  delivered  toCa  few  ■:''  '"•""'■'''  •^"c'-'Teg 
Wt,  .It  your  desire.  *"^  ''*J'*  ^'"<=«.  by  general 

W!^r^?t'?t1i™t^i''*"*'3•-nty„u  »hath« 

>ear  1808,  and  findt^'i;?,""'^"  '»  «H«,«ffice,  of  the 

dated  10th  of  April    and  i^    //i"'"  '"■  ■'""'es  Craiff. 

.correspondence  tha    has „», Jl  5^"^'  ''"'"'^^itting  tht 

'"the  northern  states  of  aT'^  «•""'■«  your  residence 

confidence  in  your ,Amty^„7;=rf^'  »"!  «JP'«««ne  I"' 

erpool  has  not  discoXd  ,nV    •^?*"*'  •""  I'Ordl.i,-. 

James  Craig,  that  your  clrmWl"''  ""  ^""^  P"*  of  sir 

be  referred  to  this  iom^n^7"  ^n/'lJP-'"',?*'""  '^ould 

to  any  kind  of  arrantom^nf  o  '    ''^•*' '»  """sion  n.ade 

'««^c  |.y  that  officer  Ifft 'you    ''"'*'''"'*  thathadbeen 

Grai,"*d:;e™!:ed  rntstS-  ?''  '""*  ""t  «^  James 
would  have  been  L"nrSveio''orr'-''K  i-f^Kiand,!* 
'•ed;^our  memorial  foJximA,  El  l?*""  *"  *""«  '-efer- 
preaate  fteabilitr  and ""ccp^H'?";  ^'"'*'''«''  ^  ap. 
a . m-ssion  undertik^  at  h^.T' •!"  *'"'^'  ^ou  exscuied 
W.1I,  however,  t.an,m-t  :ft«  si^fc  r^*?''^  ^"'■•P»»l 
MI  the  government,  and  ,„  .V  '^     Cnug-a  successor 
recommendation,  he  hafreceiv^H""""'  ^^t.  Irom  tl,e 

r--ctivee;;i--e;en^w^^^ 


54 


APPENDIX. 


Lord  Lirerpool  will  also  feel  himself  bound  to  give 
the  same  assurance  to  the  Marquis  Wellesley,  if  there  h 
any  probability  that  it  will  advance  the  success  of  tli« 
application  wliich  you  have  made  to  his  lordship. 
I  am,  sir,  your  most  obedient  humble  servant, 

(Signed)  ROBERT  PEEL. 

John  Henry y  Esq,  27  Leicester  square, 
Mr.  Henry  to  Mr.  Peel,  September  24, 1811.    No  other 
answer  than  a  dispatch  to  sir  George  Prevost  and 

a  letter  marked  B. 

No.  VIIL 
*        London,  4th  September f\Sl\. 
Sir — I  have  just  now  learned  the  ultimate  decision '  of 
my  Lord  Wellesley  relative  to  the  appointment  which  I 
was  desirous  to  obtain  ;  and  fiixd  that  the  subsisting 
relations  betweien  the  two  countries,  forbid  the  creating 
a.  new  office  in  the  United  States,  such  as  I  was  solici' 
tous  to  obtain.    In  this  state  of  things  I  have  not  a  mo- 
ment to  lose  in  returning  to  Canada,  and  have  taken  my 
passage  in  the  last  and  only  ship  that  sails  for  Quebec 
ibis  season*     As  I  have  no  time  to  enter  de  novo  into 
explanations  with  the  gentleman  who  is  in  your  office^ 
and  as  I  have  received  assurances  from  you,  in  addition 
to  the  letter  o'i  my  Lord  Liverpool,  of  the  27th  June> 
that  "  his  lordship  would  recommend  me  to  the  gover- 
nor of  Canada,  for  the.  first  vacant  situation  that  I  would 
accept,"  I  beg  the  favor  of  you  to  advise  me  how  I  am  ta 
get  that  recommendation,  without  loss  of  time. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be„  &c.  ike,  J.  H. 

Robert  Feel,  Esq,  S^c.  ^c.  S^e. 

Copy  of  a  letter  written  by  Lord  Liverpool,  to  Sir  George 
Prevost,  furnished  by  the  under  Secretary  of  state. 
Original  in  the  dispatch  to  the  governor  general. 

No.  IX. 
Downing street,\%th Sept,  X%\\, 
t§ir — Mr,  Henry  who  hasthehonor  of  delivering  thtt 
letter  is  "^  ^ntleman  who  addressed  to  me  the  menio- 
ml,  ft  copy  of  which  I  herewith  transmit,  and  to  wkom 
tie  accompiiiyii^g)i#tterfromMr.  Peel  WM  written  If^^ 
uiy  uirceti<Na«  ■'        ?     -      --         _       .^^.^^ 


Ti 

anc( 
oft} 
ifes( 
oft 
actii 
shou 
1 1 


Dei 

a]>pre 

ment 

As  ev( 

was  in 

Hr.  P 

tio  oth 

they  c 

verbal 

sioa  te 

nor's  r 

his  cor 

The 

abilitiei 

the  plej 

^^^^  sam 

t'lerefoi 

have  gw 

employ  1 

the  sam 

do  well 

that  eve 

will  be 

practice 

yearly  u 

*    Sincer 
John  L 


ance 


APPKNOIX.  gg 

tl^f:!:%  '-'^^^  S^M"/He.  ™^h:r!;r 

2U>^G.,4,p„,„,,,^„,,  ^^_    LIVERPOOL. 

JVi- Hyland  to  M-.  Bem-u. 
No.  X.  . 

As  every  thin"-  which  n«  i  i  ''''*'•[.*"  P^^e  erroneous, 
was  in  Jrivi^gritok  ?o  ,t  .,'':ii''"^f,  ^  ^^""^  »«"»» 
Mr.  Peel  all  the  origina7n,rrl  ^  "'  fubmitting  to  - 
«»  other  iafonnatiol  re  a^tf^^e  ;  th^TS  ^r'''  t^ 
<hev  contain,  as  tou  and  I  Kd  „„*'•'?' •*''*"  ""^^ 
verfial  commLnicition  concer^ns  it  K?'*^  °**?^ 
sioa  terminated,  I  never  wr^e^f, M    *'^«r?»'"-  mis- 

nor's  name,  which  had  norpfevClvh   T  il'^lf  r"- 
his  correction.  P«evioaiijr  b  .  i  «ubmitted.lo, 

abimreSteVn^^tsT"*''  °'  ^'*'"-  <=''«™='«'-  "d 
the  pleasure  of  a  n.Tr    .  '•«'"^«/«"'  even  before  I  had 

the  sa«rd™  ire  harSed'rL"*""'^'  '^'^^•»''  «»^ 
therefore  entitled  to  hone  th»*  1  *  *"?"'  *'r*  '  '  «». 
have  given  von  as  fe.  ?„ '   k    f"^  T"'""  ""hich  1  mar 

ea.p.o%eT:JX*goCnwef t  wtfe  "''f''^^  '^ 
the  same  eandor  that  gave  rTs.  to  it  x  *v'u  **''  '^'^ 
do  well  to  persevere  w  you  prooo  e  '  I  f^^  ^°".  ^^ 
that  everv  Ietf»r  f.„^  /      ?.?"'?•     '  naye  no  d6uht> 

will.be  f^nd  in  Cieri''^"r  '"  '^T'  ««»«  home 
practice  tiiere  is  to  bind  (^'A5'*fV*'  *''«  "stablished 
yearly  up  t<J^eJher.  despatches  and  enclosure., 

.  Sincereljr  wishingypu  every  gacres.-  T  .»  -w-tifesr 


-*■ 


1: 


;ft' 


.* 


56 


APPENDIX. 


Lord  Liverpool's  Dispatch. 
To  Sir  George  Frevost^  Governor  General  of  Canada, 
with  Us  enclosures,  dated  I6th  September,  1811. 
cj.      , ,    „  ,  bowning  street. 

S>ir— Mr.  Henry,  v/ho  will  have  the  honor  of  delivering 
this  letter,  is  the  gentleman  who  addressed  to  me  the 
memorial,  (a  copy  of  which  I  herewith  transmit,)  and  to 
whom  the  accompanying,  letter  from  Mr.  Peel  was  writ- 
ten by  my  direction. 

In  compliance  with  his  req^^.est,  I  now  fulfil  the  assur- 
ance which  I  have  given  of  stating  to  you  my  opinion 
of  the  ability  and  judgment  which  Mr.  Henry  has  man. 
*^sted  on  the  occasions  mentioned  in  his  memorial,  and 
•f  the  benefit  the  j)ublic  service  might  derive  from  hia 
active  employment  in  any  public  situation  in  which  you. 
should  think  proper  to  place  him. 

I  am,  sir,  your  most  obedient  humlile  servant, 

(Signed)  LIVERPOOL. . 

±0  Sir  George  Prevost,  bart,  ^c, 
J^r.  Uenryh  memorial  to  Lord  Liverpool,  enclosed  in 

Lord  LiverpooPs  dispatch. 
To  the  right  honorable  the  earl  of  Liverpool,  the  under- 
signed most  respectfully   submits  the    following 

^  memorial. 

Lon^  before  and  during  the  administration  of  your 
Lordship's  predecessor, the  undersigned  bestowed  much 
personal  attention  to  the  state  of  parties  and  political 
measures  in  the  United  States  of  America,  and  had  an 
opportunity*  [Hei^  is  an  erasure  of  10  or  12  lines  I 
and  to  unite  the  [^An  erasure  here  of  2  or  3  lines]  the 
information  transmitted  by  the  undersigned  tosir  Jame» 
Craig,  and  by  him  to  Lord  Castlereagh,  met  ivith  with 
his  lordship's  approbation  ;t  and  when  the  hostile  pre- 
parations in  thft  United' States,  suggested  to  sir  James 
CraigtUc  necessity  of  making,  corresponding  arrange- 
ilients  of  precaution  and  defence,  for  tiie   security  of 

♦  See  the  letter  of  Mr.  Henry  addressed  to  thcB^ip- 
%ry  <*^  ?'^  Ja^f^es  Crai-,  and  byhim  transmitted  to  lori 
_     I?  V\9  month  of  April  18^08.  *. 

t  ^ee^document  No  1,  herewith  tran$mitt^.       ,!  ~  ■ 


hit  I 

«nd< 

ern  j 

mcnj 

regu] 

rendi 

Brita 

sion, 

tlisch, 

herec 

trnme 

*  coal] 

transn 

hie  an 

this,  tl 

lis  coi 

^'om  a 

sion  w< 

^eatvoy 

Biitain 

govern r 

gi'ound. 

In  thi 

figned, 

informal 

heretofo 

who  has 

and  ther 

mission  ; 

claim  noi 

bat  on  hii 

Sl^  unc 

h,  a 


APPENDIX,  „ 

ern  states  to  ^influential  mission  to  the  north- 

a  ""*  'P*"*  five  Shi  [^fl^  "»«Jertook  the  Z- 

discharge  of  the  duties  connl^/  *?*,'"*  •"«'  ^eslou. 

^rnT^^P  "'  25  lineatl  which  dlj'i^i*  f^"  '"^-r' 

'rnment  from  the  purriisc*r».M  *'**''.*''«  8«ne"l  gov- 

«  coahtjon  with  Frffi  th^t  *1.^  "nentioned,  and  ffom 

ble  and  expence  of  armineE'r''"^^ '•"«''  the  tro«. 
Jhis,  the  undersigned  BeifiLlTj  *?^'''»'»  ■»''•*"«•  AH 
k«s  commission  Sr  anna,  •      *^  "''*''»'>*  ever  sbowiJii 

^r  "  ^.r."?^  STonXTa'd"  '"^'"""^  «S^^ 
sion  would  furnish  tho  p       i  *  *  discoverj  of  hfa  mi. 

destro^„g  the?Xenee  ^;»=h  ^"'Y  '^j*''  *he  me"nTof 
Biitamin  everj  nZ^.„?lP'''"'7  adhering  to  Great 

government  to  V  to  wL  /"""'="' »»<»  enable  ?h^ 
ground.  S"  *<»  'var  upon  popular  and  teUle 

^<^::^g  Sr;  '^"^ '» **<>  «»^- 

information  and  political  nhflf/'"^*"''''  *«  ««»«  « the 
heretofore  were  rUt^^'nl^te^-n^  received  f^m  j.o«* 
vho  has  expressed  his  n,rti-fi*''®***''e««'-y  of  state 
fnJ   liere  iUo  doubt  tlfattn,  '"If PP™""**''-""*"  them! 


58. 


APPENDIX. 


m 


humbly  and  respectfully  submits  his  claims,  undor  the 
stipulations  aforesaid,  to  the  earl  of  Liverpool,  in  the 
confident  expectation  that  his  lordship  will  treat  them 
with  that  justice  and  liberality,  which  upon  investiga- 
tion they  may  be  found  to  merit. 

It  may  not  be  superfluous  to  add,  that  the  undersigned 
has  never  received  in  any  shape  whatever  any  compen- 
sation or  patronage  for  the  services  he  has  rendered. 
This  fact,  Mr.  Ryland,  the  secretary  of  Sir  Jamea 
Craig,  now  in  London,  can  vouch;  as  well  as  for  the* 
truth  of  all  the  matters  set  forth  in  this  memorial. 
I  h^ve  the  honor,  (ice. 

(Signed)  J.  HENRY. 

Q7  Leicester  Square,  June  23,.  1811. 
Jllixtract  of  the  officialleUer  of  sir  James  Craig,  signed: 
-by  Mr.  Ryland,  dated  January  1809,  accompanying. 
Lord  LiverpooPs  dispatch, 
[Most  secret  awl  confidential.] 

({uebec,  9.6th  January,  1809. 
'  Mjr  dear  sir — The  extraordinary  situation  of  things 
at  this  time  in  the  neighboring  states  has  suggested  to 
the  governor  in  chief,  the  idea  of  employing  you  on  a 
secret  and  confidential  mission,  provided  an  arrangement 
can  be  made  to  meet  the  important  end  in  view,  without 
throwing  an  absolute  obstacle  in  the  way  of  your  pro- 
fessional pursuits.. 

'  The  information  and  political  observations  heretofore 
received  from  you  were  iransmitted  by  his  excellency  to 
t!ie  secretary  of  state  who  has  expressed  his  particular 
approbation  of  them  and  there  is  no  doubt  that  your  able 
e^vecution  of  such  a  mission  as  I  have  above  suggestedy 
would  give  you  a  claim  not  only  on  the  governor  general, 
but  on  his  majesty^s  ministers  which  would  eventually 
contribute  to  your  advantage — At  present  it  is  only 
necessary  for  me  to  add,  that  the  governor  will  JMIiish 
you  with  a  cypher  for  carrying  on  your  borrespoim^kce  j 
and  in  case  the  leading  party  in  any  of  the  states  Wish 
to  open  a  commmunication  with  this  government,  their 
views  might  be  communicated  through  you.  I  am,  &x. 
(Signed)  HERMAN  W.  RYLAND. 

To  Johfi  flenru,  esq, 


.^■..  ^. 


APPENDIX.  ^ 

"ccomjiunj/uis  J^rd  liverpooVs  dUp^Z"'         ' 

^ivibec,  m  February,  \609. 
vh!!;7teLS"u^^^^^^^^^  ♦»<•  service 

^vith  „.„ch  beneSlhe  puE'irterest  am /"'^""^^ 
that  w  1 1  your  earliest  convAnlir.?'  mT*  *"  ""equest 
Boston.    "^  cottvemencj  you  wJl  j„-oceed  to 

eading men,  must naSw  its'K^t^n':^^^^^  "^t 

influence  over,  and  will.i„iPe7p?oi.ab,TCHw'^^^^ 
eastern  states  of  Ainpri^«  ;„  «i,  '"""""v  '«»«  the  other 

at  this  important  crhfs       1  il'^.P"*  *''**  ^^^  "«y  *«ke 

out  to  you'^he  ie  by  Ivhich  Jo«  ^m^Jt'Cf  ^  W 
this  important  informatiom~V«.^  ""^  ''.''«  y*«  obt»H» 
the  coj^.ection  vou  hrrn;;^^"  vC^rS  ''"' 

scriSe 'tr,eS  ^XchV'''"  ' '^'^  "-^-Tert de. 
it  is  sca^?y  ne^es  a'      rT"""*^  *,*  y"-- "rttention, 
the  stated  tie  Bublnl;^  ^Tl?  *  '"*  *  '"<=''>«1«  t' 
externa)  PoU   csCd  A^'^^^i^^rf '  '^'^  '^g^"-*!  ♦«  ^ -^ 
land  :  thlco mmrative -C^^  withEng- 

great  parties  in'^^^kVthe  cfiX  "'T?^  "1  *'"'  *'°» 
views  and  desiim..  of  hI/i^T^ '***"'"'«•''  '^^  the 

,    If  tl.e  fe3t:'  '«^S;nU  s  rir 
■cessfii  in  obtaining  f l>»t  ,i!!.1 1   ?  ■  *2^'^  ''"'"W  ^  S"c- 

enablc  them  to  dTr Jt  he  S'f  '•"?"''".^''.  *'''^''  '"V 
sible  that  rather^an  sufif  *•"""'"!•'* ''""^'-'P"^ 
difficulties  ami  distress  to  ,?^,th"*t'""*'"'"'"^«  °*'  ^"^ 
they  will  exert  that  fnfl^         1"  ^^^i''  *''«  ""^^  '"bject, 

this  subject  may  bTofZ.;  ""='«••''««*  "'fonnation  oa 

:^:^c;lHrdt?,eTto*<^^^ 

aisposed  to  enter  into  a  cvnvncxien  mtk 


4- 


eo 


APPENDIX. 


ui,-  these  I  leave  to  jour  judgement  and  discretion. 

rmu   /    *^^^^  J.H.CRAIG. 

principal  points  in  it,  except  as  to  secrecj.] 

??^?1  ''jflJ^'^V'^S^^^^rittnieTed  int9  between  Mr. 
^rs/cme  ana  the  American  government, 

«TK^  *.  1.  .         ^««*«c,  .Way,  1809. 

tifofP  -n  T  "^^^^^^  received  this  day  from  the  U, 
SUtes  will,  I  imagine,  soon  bring  you  back  to  us.      The 

Tti     kT  ''^^^^v^d  ^rom  vouarcto  the   13th  April. 
I  he  whole  are  now  transcribing  to  be  sent  home  wfiero 
they  cannot  &,!  of  doing  you  great  credit,  and  eventu- 
mj  contribute  io  your  permanent  advantage. 
J.^^%,.  H-W,RYLAg^D,secV. 

4f^J!foy,  1809.-1  am  now  formally  to  intimate  to  you 
^?rLoT  1  ^''"'*  '**"™  5  *a  the  object  of  your  mission 
seems  for  the  present  at  least,  to  be  abancfoned.    Sin- 
eerily  wishing  you  a  safe  and  speedy  journey  back  to  us, 
I-m,&c.  (Signed)  fl.W.KYLAND. 

,     •/.  Afenry,  Esq. 

Copy  of  a  letter  from  Mr.  Peel  to  Mr,  Henry. 

Rit^T  1,.         xr  .^'^y'^^^ «t»-ee^ mh  June,  1811. 
Biiv-I  have  not  failed  to  lay  before  the  carl  of  Liver- 
pool  the  memorial,  together  with  its  several  enclosures, 

♦h.^  K  ^l'^^^'^  has  directed  me  to  acquaint  you  in  reply 
that  he  has  referred  to  the  correspondence  in  this  offici 
of  the  year  1808,  and  finds  two  fetters  from  Sir  James 
i^raig,  dated  10th  April  and  15th  May,  transmitting  the 
correspondence  that  had jpassed  during  your  residence 
m  the  northern  states  of"  America,  anB  expressing  his 
confidence  m  your  ability  and  judgment ;  but  lord 
i^iv€rpoot  has  not  discovered  any  wisli  on  the  part  di|«r 
James  traig  that  your  claims  for  compensation  should 
i^I^l^l'}^}^'^  country,  nor  indeed  is  allusion  made 
m.!.J^\'"'lZ  7  »"«"Sc»"^"i  yr  agreement  mat  had  been 
msM9kj  that  officer  with  you.     Under  these  circuia^ 


-*^ 


APPENDIX.  ,    g, 

$^^'J::^iJiZ'^r^,'^^rrr,nc,  on  „i, 

I-ivcrpool's  wish  to  ha^^refl' ^S"""''''  ''^^'^  '^"-'•••n  I-o,<l 
«»  being  better  enablp.l  L  „       "'  ^'""'  ''""""''"al  to  him 
cess  ,vi!h  whl^^h  ?o„  :^ec  "Tr'"-''  ^''"  '"^""^""'> «"« 
h.8  desire  5   ui  Liverpool  tin  r""  ?'"«'t'"^en  at 
sir  James  Craig's  succTssorTn*t  "■*'"■■  *™"''"'' 't  to 

^^urance  that  f?om  the  r^roml  m' ,^''''=!;"'r"*'  "»'» 
cd  in  your  favor,  and  the ni^n.^  ^^"'"?  *"= ''»« 'ecciv- 
corrcspondence,  he  is  !>.«  ^      J"  '■'"  ''»'  '"™ed  on  your 

be  benefitted  by  your  a"«vT„"''.*'''  P"'''''=  «e"icc^«ia 
nation.  •'  •'^'""  ^'^'"'e  employment  in  a  public  sit- 

any  probability  tha   itSl^^""  ^f '''•"J  "theVe  i. 
application  whfch  you  hrv" marir,'*.  •*^'  'V"*''  »f  «»« 
lam,  sir, &c  '  *"''" 'ordship. 

(«'«  ROBERT  PEEL. 


(E) 

.For  more  than  half  acentur.  '  f  "'""'''  '^'^• 

Wthout  reproach.  Mv  youth  ^  ""PPorted  a  character 
»f  my  country  j  I  fou4t^he  k-^t  '^-°^!^  *"  *''«  ««"'«* 
achieved  her  liberty  and  inlf"  '"  *^'  «»'■  wbich 
ended  before  man7ofyoV"l'Pf'«'«"'«' and  which  w„ 
es,  were  born.    If  nn£  ^  S*"*'«men,  who  are  my  kds- 

of  his  own  meritsSrat^Ih'T'""  "  '«'"'  "V 'S" 
I  may  be  permitted  to  p  es"t  1?"  '^  *'"' '  »"i» »  hop^ 
a  narration  of  my  life,  wlX  r  ./"" '"  "'*'•''  f*'"  w^rS* 
which  were  calculated  *«  -  ""*'  *"SaSed  in  scenes 
courage.  I  shall  do  u  4kh7.«  "  .'"an's^'fi.Tnness  f  d 
testimony  I  have  offered  of  ft  ^«'«<^^Pce,  beiaUs^M 
vcd  wuh  «.»  ;-  *i "  *■   ".  "'.tbe  venerable  m«n  ..!.»  »™ 

>-S|I  was  appointed  a  cLlff'.  *'  **  '^^  "fabcS 
w  iutea  a  c»pt«a  ju  we  oftbe  CW 


year 


Cop^ 

,4 


.,.f; 


:-"'.^'?^--' 


i: 


6e 


APPENDIX. 


icut  regiments  ;  during  that  campaign  and  until  MarcU 
1776,  when  the  enemy  evacuated  Boston,  I  served  with 
the  army  at  Cambridge  and  Roxbury,  and  in  the  imme- 
diate command  of  General  Washington.  I  was  with 
that  party  of  the  army  in  March  1776  wh:ch  took  posses- 
«iou  of  Dorchester  heights  j  the  movement  which  com- 
pelled the  enemy  to  evacuate  Boston.  The  next  day 
^the  regiment  to  which  I  belonged  marched  for  New- 
York.  I  was  on  liong-lsland  when  the  enemy  landed, 
and  remained  until  the  night  the  whole  army  retreated. 
I  was  in  several  small  skirmishes  both  on  Long-Island 
and  York-Island  before  the  army  retired  to  the  White 
Plains.  I  then  belonged  to  Colonel  Charles  Webb'a 
regiment  of  Connecticut.  ^    r  ^i.        i- 

This  regiment  was  in  the  severest  part  of  the  ac  ion 
on  Chatterdon's  Hill,  a  little  advanced  of  the  White 
Plains,  a  few  days  after  the  main  body  of  tlie  army  aban- 
iloned'New-York.  This  baltle  is  memorable  in  the  his- 
tory of  our  country,  and  the  regiment  to  which  I  belong- 
ed received  the  particular  thanks  of  General  Washing- 
ton, in  his  public  orders,  for  its  bravery  and  good  con- 
duct on  the  occasion.  It  was  particularly  distinguished 
from  all  the  ether  troops  engaged  in  the  action.  1  re- 
ceived a  slight  wound  ty  a  musket  oall  in  my.  side,  but 
it  did  not  prevent  mo  from  rumaining  at  the  head  of  my 

"^""rwa^in  the  battle  of  Trenton,  when  the  Hessians 
were  taken  in  December  1776,  and  being  one  of  the 

*  youngest  captains  in  tlic  army,  was  promoted  by  Geii^ 
Jral  Washington,  tiic  day  after  the  battle  to  a  majority 
for  my  conduct  on  that  occasion.  The  hrst  of  January 
1777 1  was  in  the  battle  of  Princeton.  In  the  campaign 
cf  the  same  year  the  regiment  to  which  I  Jf  ^««g«.;  f  ;^^; 
iU  in  the  northern  army  5 1  v.as  early  m  th^  spring  or- 

Wto  Ticonderoga,  and  commanded  the  regiment 

-'   -       the  senior  officer  prascnt)  under  General  St. 

,  ,  ?^t  xK_A  -<«cei*in  lus  retreat  from  that 


^^lair,  and  I  waft  with  that  offici^r 


^^sti 


/^v-' 


.^fter  General  St,  Clair's  amy  formed  a  junction  with 
Val  Schuyler^s  army  on  the  north  river,  at  Fert  Kd- 
^^^e  regiment  to  which  I  belonged  vras  detached 


APl^KNniX. 


ti3 


Marcl* 
ed  with 
imme<- 
LS  with 
pos&ei- 
ti  com- 
5xt  day 
'  New- 
landed, 
reated. 
•Island 
White 
VVebb'3 

action 
White 
y  aban- 
the  his- 
belong- 
ashing- 
3d  coil" 
guishcd 
I  re- 
de, but 
d  of  my 

[essians 
!  of  the 
ly  Gen* 
aajority 
Faniiaiy 
impaign 
edserv- 
ring  or- 
egiraent 
eral  St. 
:om  that 

ion  with 
5'ortBd- 
i«taclic«t 


and  marched  to  Fort  Schuyler,  mid  relieved  (!»at  post, 
which  wart  besieged  by  General  St.  Lej^er. 


On  the  retreat  of  General  Schuyler' 


Kdward  I  commanded  tl 


1/cing  two  miles  In  the 


ir  rear  ftuurd  of  the  n 


»  in  my  from  fort 


rear  was  attacked  hva  1 


rinv 


..^.;, ...  i,„.  n  ui  » Its  i^iutcKeu  F3V  a  iui 
oops  luul  Indians  at  day  \i^\Xin  th 


and 

ge  bodv 

e  morii- 

woiindcd   betwceit 


of  British  tl 

-^^,  in  which  action  were  killed  ami  .„„ru  ,K>iwee?t 

trtirty  and  forty  of  my  guarff.  And  1  received  (he  par- 
ticular thanks  of  Gcuer:;!  Schuyler  for  iny  conduct  on 
the  occasion.  *  *  *^ 

I  wa8  in  the  two  memorable  tattles  on  the  UHli  of  Fen- 
ofn/r-f  S"^  *^'  nh  of  October  on  Bemi.'s  heights  against 
General  Burgoyne's  army  previous  to  its  surrender.  la 
the  action  ofthe  19th  of  September  I  commanded  a  de 
tachnjent  of  500  men,  who  fought  the  principal  part  of 
the  afternoon,  and  more  than  one  half  of  them  were  kil- 
led  or  wounded. 

mp?.?  f '^  ^*|[ofOctoher  I  likewise  commanded  a  detach- 
ment  from  the  brigade  which  assisted  in  attackine  the 

ccfhim  to  the  right  of  his  lines,  stormed  his  entuiich^ 
meiitfi,  and  took  and  held  possession  ofthe  ri-ht  c  f  hU 
position,  which  compelled  him  to  retreat  to"  Saratoga 
and  there  to  capitulate.  **"*v«^«^ 

After  the  memorable  event  ofthe  capitulation  of  Gen- 
eral Burgoyne's  urniy,  the  regiment  to  v.hich  I  be lon°. 
ed,  was  ordered  to  Pennsylvania,  to  join  the  armv  un 
der  the  command  of  General  Washi  .iton  I  remined 
uith  the  army  the  winter  of  1777  .tfalley  IWe  and 
m  the  spring  of  irrs,  when  the  British  arily  e  fcuated 
Philadelphia,  I  v,a«  in  the  hnttle  of  Monmouth 

From  December  1/78,  to  May  1779, 1  coi.rnanded  iH 
American  posts  m  advance  ofthe  Whits  Plains  ,ieaV 
Kingsbridge,  during  which  time  I  had  varioursHmfsh 
es  w.th  the  enemy  in  May  1779  the  principal  paTtlf 
the  British  army  advanced  up  the  Nort  i  Rivei  irVer 
plank's  and  Stoney  Point,  and  I  was  ordered  o  retreat 
before  them  to  West  Point.  «  w  reire^^ 

of  General  Wayne,  and  was  in  the  memorabteliS^^ 
5;2^toney  Point  with  a  separate  comn^^^^^ 


(i4 


APPENDIX. 


For  my  conduct  on  this  occasion  I  received  the  par- 
ticuliir  thanks  of  General  Wajne,  General  Washington 
and  con;j;ress. 

In  the  summer  and  autumn  of  1780  I  commanded  the 
advanced  posts  of  the  array,  and  in  December  of  that 
year,  I  commanded  an  expedition  against  the  enemy 
stationed  at  Morrissina  which  was  successful,  and  for 
wliich  I  received  the  thanks  of  General  Washington  in 
hi3  general  orders  to  the  army  and  likewise  the  thanks 
of  Congress.  General  Washington  in  his  orders  I  well 
remem|)er  made  use  of  these  words  «  He  thanked  me 
iar  my  judicious  arrangements  in  the  plan  of  operations, 
and  for  my  intrepidity  and  valor  in  the  execution." 
^  From  the  conclusion  of  the  revolutionary  war  I  have 
lived  with  the  respect  of  my  countrvmen,  and  have  en- 
joyed repeated  marks  of  their  confidence  iu  the  offices 
which  have  been  bestowed  upon  me.  When  I  found  that 
the  independence  for  which  I  had  so  often  fought,  was 
assailed,  that  again  my  country  must  appeal  to  arms  to 
iivcnge  her  wrongs,  and  to  protect  her  rights,  I  felt  that 
1  might  yet  do  her  some  service.  For  though  many  years 
had  passed  since  I  had  fought  under  her  standard,  and 
tlibuajh  my  own  arm  might  not  have  had  its  wonted 
strength,  yet  my  spirit  was  unbroken,  and  my  devotion 
fo  her  uni.npaired.  I  thought  in  the  field  where  there 
could  be  but  few  who  had  any  military  experience,  what 
T  had  ^eaJ  ned  in  tie  most  active  scenes  of  a  seven  yeara 
war,  might  be  useful.  I  fondly  hoped  that  in  my  age, 
iis  well  as  in  my  youth,  I  might  render  services  that 
should  deserve  the  gratitude  of  my  country.  That  if  I 
fell  by  the  swOrd  of  her  enemies,  my  grave  would  be 
nioistened  with  the  tears  of  my  countrymen  ;  that  my 
descendants  would  be  proud  of  my  name  and  fame.  But 
how  vain  is  anticipation  !  I  aiii  now  accused  of  crimes 
which  would  blast  my  former  honors,  and  transmit  my 
memory  with  infamy  to  posterity.  And  in  that  hideous 
catalogue,  there  is  none  from  the  imputation  of  which 
^ny  nature  and  my  feelings  have  more  recoiled  than  from 
^t  pf  Qowardicc,  to  which  I  am  to  answer. 


A?PENDII* 


6.- 


""c:"  of  tt  BriS?nnr'/T"  "^'^^^  '«  ««- 
vice.    Abandonment  of    hi.  ' "     ^  '^""''  '*'"^ 

killed  in  hMlorr^IXr.rT''!,. "  American* 
t!ie  British.  The  nil  h^.!?  after  the  surrender  to 
citizens,  aid  &e  SuX  °f  *^•''*'^S  "^  America,, 

surrender  to  the  bS  Ll  *^T'  '*"'"'*'  ***«■•  *k« 
tection,  J»nH8h,  under  the  guarantee  of  pro- 

the  sight  of  bMl5  f^!y^  »f  ^h*  Mvage  mild*at 

lose,  Li  perhaK  the  ?etew"V"  .*••*  '***''  «"*/ 
oners,  or  of  the  deart    »k*  u  xl  ""^y  treatment  of  prjs- 

ftre  is  alwars  ifkel??;:  ^  f"  *''*'^  '="'«'  """le  of  war- 
noble  revS  onX !.  .P'"*^««''nigHt drive  them  to  fe. 

«nd  the  ISit  "nts  Tf/"^r  ^"^  5"** '» t'"'  ^•'"•t^y. 
They  therefore  pressed  «,iT  .*  T  American  citizens 
previous  to  the'batfle  of  iL^if*^', '•''''• '»'<»''«»'» 
«nd  felt  satisfied  «S1"  r(^r  asttt^A^r"^J^'  »*'3 ' 
«<i  rour  own  honorpIeS  for  ?ff '*«!''»'  y?"  wnsider- 
,  «  Since  the  result  of  ffi»f?i  7''^*=*"'''  protection, 
feces  which  ther  cannot  shut  ?sif'  *'*'  "'"  '"'f'"-'  their 

«„-T-""^:    SorneoftheDriW!i«r«««^.-.>--       •    ,i 
..u„,^^Oeen  shot  bv  the  savage:  "  "P'^^'*" 


Z2 


^f  the  M?ag«g, 


m 


APPENDIX. 


<<  Fourth,  Some  oi  the  inhabitants  of  the  territory 
•f  Michigan,  citizens  of  the  United  States  of  America, 
after  the  capitulation,  have  been  shot  by  the  savages. 

"  Fifth,  The  houses  of  some  of  the  inhabitants  of 
the  territory,  American  citizens,  after  the  capitulation 
ilave  been  burnt  by  the  savages. 
,  '  « Sixth,  Some  of  the  inhabitants,  American  citi- 
zens, after  the  capitulation,  have  been  pillaged  by  tha 
savages. 

A.  W.  M'Lean,  Esq.  te  Mr.  Woodward. 

;SfandiricA,Fe6.  9,  1813. 
Sir— You  will  have  the  goodness  to  appoint  a  day 
for  the  purpose  of  adducing  before  Col.  Proctor  such 
proof  as  you  may  have,  to  substantiate  the  assertions  in 
your  letter  to  him,  relative  to  the  slaughter  of  the  ene- 
my's sick  and  wounded  j  on  22d  January  last. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be,  &c. 
(Signed)  A.  W.  M'LEAN,  aid-de-camp. 

Extract  of  a  letter  from  Mr.  Woodward  to  Gen.  Proctor.. 

Sandwich,  Feb,  10, 1813. 

"  I  had  the  honor  to  receive,  on  the  Sd  day  of  this 
month,  a  verbal  message  from  you  communicated  to  me 
by  major  Muir,  requesting  me  to  procure  some  evidence 
01  the  massacre  of  the  American  prisoners,  on  the  22d 
day  of  January  last. 

<«  I  met  with  only  a  few  persons  at  Detroit  who  are 
inhabitants  of  the  river  Raisin,  nor  was  it  altogether  a 
pleasant  task  to  those,  to  relate,  in  these  times,  the  scenes 
they  have  beheld.  Some  of  them,  however,  appeared 
before  a  magistrate,  and  I  send  you  copies  of  what  they 
have  stated.  It  will  occur  to  you,  sir,  i mmediately,  that 
what  nx^y  of  theni  state  on  the  information  of  others 
though  ijiot  direct  evidence  in  itself,  leads  to  the  source 
where  it  may  be  obtained.    . 

**  In  communicating  your  message,  Maj.  Muir  added 
something  hftving  relation  to  American  citizens^  who 
might  be  willing  to  take  the  oath  to  the  king. 

"  It  will  be  obvious  to  you,  sir,  that  in  a  state  of  open 
ffiad  declared  war,  a  subject  or  citi^ten  of  one  part^'^  c^ii- 
ji||  transfer  his  allegiance  to  tixe  other  party^  without 


APPENDIX.  gy. 

incurring  the  penaltie»  '^  treasor  ;  and,  whtlc  iin«l.i„» 
can  excuse  his  guilt,  ..  .cither  are  those  r„noceTt  thf 
lay  temptations  before  him.  ""•■eni  wlio 

"  The  principles  adopted  by  the  United  States  on  thi 
subject  of  expatriation,  are  libeial,  but  are  Derftclfv 
inapplicable  to  a  public  enemy  in  time  of  war  ^ 

"Some  of  the  trench  inhabitants  of  the  territorv  nf 
Michigan,  citizens  of  the  United  States  of  Ameria 

M'Lean,  acqainting  me  tiTat  tiere  «as  no  ca3»»^'"' 

.   "Th^pl^^tfee^r^fttltif  „at- 
impose  an  obligation  almost  equally  strong."    ""*""'' 

Territory  of  MichiganrV'^^^'''  '^' 

district  of  Detroit.        f  *»• 

Gabriel  OnHf„*'^*''*''  Joreaume,  and  afterwards  that  of 
thtr*h„  .    '^*^'''"."-    ^ I'*'  "deponent  hasbeen  informed 

S w^v  T^S^kT T*  *"*'  '"="  "'«»''  '•"dies  on  the 
Br..!?yZ.'^'''.'^''%Ksweretearingandeatine.    Mr. 

those  of  Z"  -"^  ""Ponent  that  the  Indians  ha^  kill 
thfotbL^P"T"l^'!°*««-«st  wounded,  and  • 
we  others  were  bwBt  alive.  "         . 


ii  APPENDIX. 

Antoinc  Cuiel!aric  and  Allexis  Salliot,  inhabitants  oa 
the  river  Aux  Ecorces,  told  the  deponent  that  two  pri- 
soners had  been  burnt  in  the  house  of  Grandon,  on  the 
river  Aux  Sables.  The  deponent  has  heard  that  the 
Indians  had  torn  out  the  hearts  of  th«.  prisoners,  and  had 
brought  them  still  smoakin?  in  the  houses,  but  did  not 
recollect  the  names  of  the  informants  ;  he  believes  how- 
ever,  they  were  men  worthy  of  credit. 

The  deponent  says  farther,  that  after  the  first  action 
on  the  river  Raisin,  the  Indians  fired  on  one  named  Solo, 
son  in  law  to  Stephen  Labeau,  an  inhabitantof  the  river 
Aux  Sables,  when  returning  from  the  house  of  Grandon 
to  his  father  in  law ;  on  his  arrival,  he  hallooed  to  his 
father  in  law  to  open  the  door,  saying  that  he  was  mor- 
tally wounded ;  Stephen  Labeau  opened  the  door  and 
told  his  son  m  law  to  throw  himself  on  the  bed,  but  that 
in  tnrmg  to  move  he  fell  dead.  An  Indian  knocked  at 
the  door,  and  Labeau  having  opened  it,  received  a  ball  in 
his  breast,  and  fell  dead.  The  son  of  Labeau  made  his 
escape  5  the  Indians  fired  several  shots  at  him  which 
did  not  reach  him. 

The  deponent  says  farther,  that  Baptiste  Couteur  was 
Killed  near  the  house  of  the  deponent  on  the  day  of  the 
second  battle  on  the  river  Raisin,  a  little  after  sunrise. 

1  he  deponent  says  farther,  that  the  Indians  have  often 
threatened  to  burn  his  house  and  barn,  if  he  did  not 
inarch  with  them  against  the  Americans.  The  deponent 
•ays  iiC  is  an  American  citizen. 

The  deponent  says  that  several  of  his  neighbors  have 
told  him  that  they  had  received  the  same  threat.  Oth- 
er settlements  have  been  threatened  with  fire.  The  mills 
and  houses  on  the  river  Aux  Reches  were  burnt  in  the 
month  of  September  last,  after  the  capitulation  of  Detroit. 
And  further  this  deponent  said  not. 

JOSEPH  ROBERT. 

oworn  and  subscribed  before  me,  the  4th  Feb.  I81S. 
^     .  PETER  AUDAIN,  J.  P.  D.  D. 

Temtory  of  Michigan,    ) 
i^^istrict  of  Detroit        C   *** 

^^  it  remembered,  th^l  on  this  day,  February  tfe 
f«^th,  A.  D.  one  tiiousand  eight  hundred  and  thift«eny 


APPENDIX.  gg 

a«  inhabitant  otthf  cit^T&troU   wHS  TT^"' 

thi  32d  January  last  U  fJ^'"-  '^^^'  ."ft"'-  ^he  battle  of 
sonally  present  a  th;  f",  '«■''»*  "^  ^^  **' P'"'' 
the  actne  aeent  fnr+l,.  r  V      j        Wilham  Jones, 

would  hAnliLZ,riL^tZ,^T^^^^^^  'f  *«'« 
from  the  Indmns  •  amf  f  hY*  I  P"'''=has;nS  the  prisoners 
Jones  saT«  that  h^fh^.wu*''^*''^  *he  said  Wjlliara 

authorize  anr  Son  tk'r,^*  would  not  undertake  to 
which,  this  deDonenfnniK  '"J  .J'"*' '"  consequence  of 
doners,  amonTt  Z  H"""*  *""■*«  •"•'''»"•  »?  the  pri- 

—  HamiUon,  a  wivr  f„^^'^^''y.  *''"  »""»«»? 
who  declared  Z  Sn's  deDonent  L?^'"*,"'''^.^  volunteer., 
day  after  the  hatt  »  »♦  ft,     •    '  'vf*.°"  the  first  or  second 

«'S  vvas  burnt  tSiuffll"  •*'■'' °"1  "^  ^^'^  ?"'<>»- 
ingthe  ashes  off  hkCl  P'"?8'*"''»»In'»!ankick- 
bitch.'  ""^  ''*«'''  s^y'ng  ♦  damned  son  of  a 

who  was  purcfiased  hv  I.f™  .  ^«ntucky  volunteers, 
stated  to  ?his  depo'n  ^t''Te  Tas  !Tlf\''  S'^""?'^"' 
wounded  after  th'e  battle,  but  felt  ather  ff^/*'""  °^  *''• 
of  the  savages,  but  that  h«  !  •  j  *"""' o"  ^«'="unt 
fro'uCapt.  o?Col  Ell  „t  of^.r'Tf''  'A""^  assuranc«i 
."S  the  remaining  d   ,on5.   V  '^'^*^  ?^  himself  as  well 

-';e%/«  were  profnis'^d  to  be 'se^ttnTf^lr'  *°  «*»y' *« 
next  morning  I  that  near  !„,.  (?*?'*  them  away  the 
following  th!  dav  of  thI  kZ*  ''f^  ''.^ht  of  the  morning 
tliehous?  where  Lw  Rnl  "'^'  *''*  '"'"'">*  «me  into 
ers.  and  J„c„eT'  V  -  "■',  '''**  '^'"'the  other  nrison- 
cottjd  not  walk  •V;d'2r"-'^"  ■'■'"''  tomahawk  such  as 

wounded  Sen  of  a  W""  "'?  '?''' "°''«"  *•«*  the 
P  looneis  01  «1|  thear  clothes,  that  while  the 


70 


APPENDIX. 


said  Bowers  and  two  other  prisoners,  named  Snarls  and 
IJradford,  as  near  as  this  deponent  can  recollect,  were 
sitting  by  the  fire  in  the  Indian  camp,  an  Indian  tame 
up  who  appeared  to  be  drunk,  and  called  the  said  Searls, 
as  near  as  this  deponent  can  recollect,  a  Madison  or 
Washington,  then  took  up  a  tomahawk  and  struck  the 
said  Searls  on  the  shoulders  ;  that  the  said  Searls  caujvht 
hold  of  the  tomahawk  and  held  it  foi;^  some  time  ;  that 
the  said^Bowers  advised  the  said  Searls  to  submit  to  his 
fate  5  with  that,  the  Indian  gave  him  a  second  blow  on 
the  head,  killed^  scalped,  and  stript  him  5  during  this 
time  the  said  Bowers  and  Bradford  were  personally  pre- 
sent, and  being  apprehensive  for  their  own  safety  that 
he.  Bowers,  ran  and  came  up  to  the  old  chief  (who  sold 
him  to  his  deponent  and  others)  who  toqk  him  under  his 
protection,  and  was  very  kind  to  him.  This  deponent 
further  depose th,  that  he  has  reason  to  believe  the  afore- 
said Bowers  and  Hamilton  are  now  at  Sandwich,  and  if 
applied  to,  they  could  give  more  ample  information  rela- 
tive to  the  pai'liculars  aforesaid^  Aud  further  this  de- 
ponent sayeth  not. 

JOHN  M'DONNELL. 
Sworn  and  subscribed  at  my  chambers  in  the  city  of 
,  I).etroit,  the  day  and  year  before  written. 

JAMES  MAY. 

Note  from  Mr.  John  M'Donnell  to  James  May,  Esq. 

Detroit,  February  4, 1813. 

Dear  Sir,— I  had  a  conversation  with  Mr.  Smart  about 
leaving  your  house  to  day,  who  had  a  conversation  with 
Bowers  and  Bradford.  He  observes  that  I  have  made 
several  material  errors  in  my  affidavit  before  you  this 
day.  He  says  tiie  prisoner  killed  was  of  the  name  of 
Blythe,  in&tead  of  Searls  5  and  mentioned  some  other 
errors  that  differ  widely  from  what  I  have  sworn  to,  so 
that  I  think  it  is  a  pity  Bower's  and  Bradford's  aflida- 
vits  could  not  be  had  ilistead  of  mine.        Yours, 

J.  M'DONNELL* 

James  May,  Esq, 

Note  from  Mr.  M'Donnell  to  Mr.  Lyons,  his  clerk.. 
I  wish  you  to  mention  to  judge  Woodward,  thatap* 
plication  is  made  for  lue  by  a  friend  on  the  other  side^  to 


APPENDIX. 


ri 


cmam  1,11  the  n.iv.eatiou  opens.  On  tlini  account  I  hope 
^^^  kfp  back  the  deposition  that  I  have  maderl- 
ganlin^  the  murders  committed  by  the  savages  on  the 
nver  I&,s.n,  as  he  h.as  much  better  testimony  to  substan! 
trnte  facts  than  what  I  have  sworn  to  on  hearsavVand 
as  I  am  sure,  ,f  the  colonel  was  even  disposed  t^  hear 
n.  V  apphca  .on,  that  affidavit  will  bo  enough  to  send  me 

Territory  ef  Michigan     } 
district  of  Detroit,  J   *^* 

«f^hI'-"^"^^PPr^!['^^'^*''^"»^'*^^«  undersigned  one 
of  the  justices  of  the  peace  in  the  district  of  Detroit 
Antoine  Boulard,  of  the  river  aux  Raisins/whVbS 
sworn  on  the  Holy  Erangelist,  deposeth  and  say^^^^^^^^ 
on  the  next  day  after  the  last  battle  ^  the  rivS'«^. 
sins,  he  saw  the  Indians  kill  the  secretary  of  the  Amer- 

S  1.^"^?^'  '^^.'^  ""^^  **"  *^«  ^""'^^  «f  *^e  Indian  who 
hadltaken  him  prisoner,  with  a  rifle  shot,-  that  the  prison- 
er  tell  m  one  side,  and  an  Indian  came  forward  with  a 
sabre,  finished  bim,  scalped  him,  stripthim  and  carried 
away  his  clothes.     The  body  remained  two^lays  on    he 

b  "^l^' !u  ^^"^^^^  **?2"^^*^»^  deponent,  and  was  part 
fvlf  k'S  ^  ^^  K""^^'  ,  Afterwards,  the  deponent,  together 
witb  Francois  Lassdie,  Hubert  Lacroix,  Charles  Chovin 
and  J.0U1S  Lajoy€,  took  up  the  corps  at  dusk  of  the  eve- 
mng,  and  ^carried  it  into  a  field  near  the  woods,  where 
the  hogs  did  not  go.  They  dared  not  to  bury  it  for  fear 
of  bemic  surprised  by  the  Indians.  And  further  this 
deponent  saith  not. 

ANTOINE  (his  X  mark)  DOULAND. 
^worn  and  subscribed  in  my  presence,  the  5th  day  of 
rebruary,  1813.  ^ 

PETER  AUDRAIN^  J.  P.  D.  D. 

I  hereby  certify,  that  the  neit  day  aftertheiast  battl<»- 
^on  uiOTOer  aax  Raisins,  f  be  secretary  of  the  American 
1*  j^eral  was  taken  near  the  door  ^  tne  deponent  r  w^s 
wminded  and  placed  on  a  horse  ;  tlAt  seven  or  eight  In- 
aiaus  \yerenear  the  house,  one  of  whom  «hothix»#tl» 


7£ 


APPENDIX. 


head  with  a  rifle  5  that  he  did  not  fall  off  his  horse  until 
another  Indian,  drawing  his  sabre,  struck  him  on  the 
h«ad  several  times,  and  then  he  fell  to  the  ground  :  was 
scalped,  stript  of  his  clothes,  and  left  on  the  road,  where 
he  remained  one  day  and  a  half;  I,  the  deponent,  with 
Francois  Lasselle,  Hubert  Lacroix, Louis  Chovin,on  the 
evening  of  the  second  day,  took  up  the  ])Oi\y,  carried  it 
to  the  sku  ts  of  the  woods,  and  covered  it  with  a  few 
branches,  but  could  not  stay  to  bury  it,  for  fear  of  the 
Indians  that  were  in  the  neighborhood  ;  and  on  the  next 
day  after  the  last  battle  I  was  near  the  house  of  Gabriel 
Oodfrey  jun.  and  the  house  of  Jean  Baptistere  Jereaum, 
^here  a  great  number  of  prisoners  were  collected  :  and 
that  I  heard  the  screaming  of  the  prisoners  whom  the 
Indians  were  tomahawking  5  that  the  savages  set  the 
nouses  on  fire  and  went  off. 

LOUIS  his  X  mark  BERNARD. 
Detroit,  Feb.  5, 1813. 

^certify,  that  the  bodies  of  the  Americans  killed  at 
the  battle  of  la  Riviere  aux  Raisins,of  the  twenty  second 
of  January  last,  remained  unburied  5  and  that  I  have 
«een  the  hogs  and  dogs  eating  them. 

The  hogs  appeared  to  be  rendered  mad  bv  no  profuse 
a  diet  of  christian  flesh.  *^ 

I  saw  the  houses  of  Mr.  Gerome  and  Mr.  Godfey,  on 
Hre,  and  have  heard  that  there  were  prisoners  in  them. 

The  inhabitants  did  not  dare  to  bury  the  dead  on  ac- 
count of  the  Indians. 

Jl^^  inhabitants  have  been  threatened  by  the  Indians, 
It  they  did  not  take  up  arms  against  the  Americans. 

Jfitchtgan,  Februari/ 6th,  ISIS, 

ALEXIS  his  X  mark  LABADIE. 

This  IS  to  certify,  that  on  or  about  the  twenty  eighth 
day  of  January  last  past,  an  Indian  woman  came  to  my 
dwelling  house,  on  tlie  river  Rouge,  and  informed  me 
i  !i*i?^  *^®  mornine  of  that  day  an  American  prisoner 
.  had  been  killed  in  tbe  Indian  camp,  and  the  reason  she 
assigned  for  killing  him  was  because  he  had  expressed 
an  hatred  for  the  Iwiians. 

n.*    V  o*.  «  #  ROBEHT  ABBOT. 


Territory  of . V/c/«>a» 
district  of  Detroit, 


APPENDIX. 

I 


f% 


ss. 


Personally  appeared  before  me,  the  subscriber,  Aaron 
oath  on  the  Holy  Evangelist  of  Almiorhtr  God  thaf  fl 

vahed  flir  /hh'"'"*^''''*  '?"'?' »"« •^''•in'anco  petticoat, 

Tar  ami  fift.     i"'' """  P?""  "^ '^»«»"  stocking  one  dol- 

•cert,  nn.^'^e'rt',  one  pair  of  cotton  stocki„|,  seventy 

trunk  t.v„  H„ii      '  '.  "^  '"*^  •=«'*«,  one  new  small 

cambric haXrchief  Steven?; fi^    '^^"'}'""'  ^''"'"•'  «»^. 
sixty  two  and  an  h,If!.„?t   ^  five  cents,  one  cotton  do. 

fourthsof  t  Do^nH  ,f  "*■'  «»««•""  one  dollar,  three 
chocolate  twCty  fil  •"P^J"'  ^^'^  .^«"*''  "■«'  '=^''«=  of 
bianUet  th^d^?- S^^^^^^^^ 

one  sW^eXr t e*r  "1^  *^"^"'  f-'tK'tt 

^^Sworn  before  me  at  myd.an.bers,  17tl.  September, 

(Signed)  P.  AUDRAIN,  J.  P.  D.  D 

Letter  fro..  tH,  J^.,i,      to  the  inhaUta^ts  oftkeZer 

Raisin,  not  dated.  "' 

at  SrCmf  iSpi^^^^^^^^^  ^^  of  Indians  a..^^^^^^ 
Raisin.  ^     '  ^^  ^^'^  mhabitauta  of  the  river 

FRIENDS  »  T  iG'TE'jj  , 

4  ■*■  «"     ■  ■'.•-?■■ 


i  4 


APPl^iNDlJt. 


Wcj  tltcireiorc^  as  tlic  enemy  is  appioacliing  usj  within 
twenty  live  mlles^  call  unon  ydii  ^1  to  rise  up  and  come 
here  immediately,  bringing  your  arms  alotig  with  you. 
Should  you  fail  at  this  time,  we  will  not  consider  you 
in  future  as  friends>  Attd  the  coriseqUences  may  be  very 
unpleasant. 

^  We  are  well  convinced  you  have  no  writings  forbid^ 
tling  you  to  Assist  us. 

We  arti  your  frifehcts  at  present. 
UOUND  HEAD* 


(Signed) 
(Signed) 


Su  i&n  emblcmresembling  a  horse, 
%y 


WALK  IN  THE  WATER. 

iiy  an  emblem  resembling  a  turtle, 

TRANSLATION. 

Letter  of  the  iiihabitants  of  the  river  UdisiH,  dated  Riv* 

ierre  Jinx  Raisins,  tfie  iSifA  JVoi*e?ii6er,  1812. 

To  the  Hon*  Judge  Woodward,  Detroit.    Rivierre  Aut 

Raisins,  the  13th  November^  1812. 

Sir — In  tlie  embarrassment  in  which  we  find  ourselvea 
at  present,  on  the  subject  of  a  letter  iiddressed  to  Col; 
Navar,  on  the  part  of  the  Hurotts  and  other  savage  tribes 
we  depute  him  td  you  io  r^epresent  io  you  the  situation 
of  the  inhabitants  of  the  river  Raisin,  praying  you  to 
assist  him  with  your  advice  in  so  delicate  a  matter,  hav- 
ing at  all  times  had  great  tbnfftfence  in  your  great  knowl- 
edge. ,         . 

We  have  the  hoiiidr  to  be,  wi'th  profound  respect,  yout" 
^diedient  pervatittf. 

(Sigriea)  '     jAqusk  LAssELLis. 

JEAtf  BAPTISTE  OEROME. 
JEAN  BAPTISTE    BEAUGRAlirri'. 
i?HAN00lS  LASSELLE. 
buNOAlfr  REID. 
JEAN  BAPTISTE  lAsSELLE. 

Extract  from  the  report  of  ensign  Isaac  L.  Baketi  agent 
for  the  prisoners  taken  after  the  battle  of  Frenchtowit^ 
January  Q9J,  ISIQ^  to  Brig*  Gen.  Winchester^  dated 
"  Brtti^h  Maeara^  February  26,  1813. 
««  For  the  greatestekumber  of  our  unfortunate  fellow 

1»«ldifir8  being  genti^rtk  Detroit*  we  Are  indebted  tote 


APPENDIX,  7i 

exertions  of  our  prisoner  fellow  citizens  there,  who  witli 
unexampled  generosity  when  they  saw  their  ceuntrymen 
driven  Ar„„g ,  the  streets  likeshiep  to  a  market,  la  ™sh" 
ed  the.r  wea   h  for  their  ransom.    Wor  was  the  procur- 

stnpt  by  the  Indians.  Clothes,  such  as  the  exigency  if 
the  occasion  permitted  to  be  prepared,  were  furn.sheJ  ns. 

«...  *  ^"i  '".!'i"''  *^"'-  P™<='<"'  "'■<'e''^i'  "'6  to  make 
out  a  return  of  all  the  prisoners  who  were  killed  br  the 

Indians  subsequent  to  the  battle,  agreeable  to  the  best 
information  I  could  collect.    The  enclosed  rcturnmark- 
ed  B.  was  produced  by  this  order.    I  might  have  added 
the  gallant  Cant.  Nathaniel  Gray  ,  S.  nlrt,  deputy  in- 
spector  general  5  Capt.  Viipl  M'Crackin,  of  Co  Ahen's 
regiment,.  Capt.  John  H.^Woolfolk,  yiur  secrctarv' 
ensign  Levi  aI ells,  of  the  Tth  UniteVstateslSy 
and  a  number  of  privates,  whom  1  find  by  subsequent 
information,  have  been  massacred. 
Till*!''/ "m""*""^  ff^*'  *'"'=«*  rendered  me  by  Capt. 
h  s  fate     I  ^:*T'"'".'"'  particularly  anxious  to  ascertain 
mslate.    1  flattered  myselfhe  was  alive,  and  evary  in- 
formation  I  could  get  for  some  time  flattered  my UpTs. 
^\Zf  *''«»?*  P^^-ners  who  was  brought^n,  t^d 
me  that  the  cantam  was  certainly  massacredf     He  was 
so  badly  wounded  asto  prevent  himfrom  walking.    The 
Indians  took  him  some  distance  on  a  horse,  but  at  length 
took  him  oft  and  tomahawked  him.  ^ 

«  About  tlie  10th  instant,  an  Indian  brought  Capt.  M' 
Cvackin's  commission    to   Sandwich  j   the  parer  Tvas 
bloody.    The  fellow  said  he  took  the  captaKnhurt 
but  some  time  after,  when  stripping  and  examining  him 

h nml..^^  „f  ♦     V  n^""?'  ^""  """"*  *""  ^e  assured,  is  a 
humbug  of  the  fellow's  own  making,  to  screen  himself 
from  the  odium  of  barbarity.    The  J^ptain's  c  aracter 
and  the  danger  that  attendecl  his  carryiV  such  Sul' 
in  a  disastrous  battle,  give  it  the  lie.  >«rniture 

.,"£''Ei-Z."'"''^''''»'t«>-''»"ngbeen  wounded  in  two 

fio"usrs  o;!  Z  p  "•"•^"'  "»  S»'  '•^iJ'g*  «  one  of  the  French 
nouses  on  the  Raism.    He  was  d  scovered  next  day  and 

dragged  from  his  asylum.    He  was  taken  to  ?he  hoYs^  of 


?G 


APPENDIX. 


a  Mr.  Lawer  •,  w^tre  be  said  he  would  give  1000  dollars 
to  any  one  who  "  jld  purcLaHe  him.  Mr.  Lassclle  said 
It  waa  mii  of  ;,.s  I  wer,  but  hv  luid  no  douht  his  brother 
'would  du  it,  who  livftil  at  hand.  Iff  «jirected  his  owners 
to  ih^  Ifcouse  of  his  brother,  but,  ai  ihay  m  ere  on  their 
jv«y»  aa  lud'au  froma  wu'te  house  shot  him  through  the 
head.  ^ 

«  En&i^ri  WftWs  was  taken  by  my  mIc unhurt.  I  con- 
fiidered  him  aa;  a.  jve  until  my  arrival  at  this  place.  Capt. 
Nags  tells  me  he  was  killed  by  a  Pottowattimie  Indian, 
not  long  after  he  was  taken.  ■, 

"  Many  fresh  scalps  have  been  brought  in  since  the 
battle,  and  dead  bodies  seen  through  the  co  intry,  which 
proves  that  others  have  been  killed  whose  nameH  I  have 
not  been  able  to  find  out,  independent  of  those  reported 
to  Col.  Proctor. 

«  This,  sir,  is  all  the  information  I  havp  been  able  to 
collect,  concerning  those  who  are  massacred.  The  fif- 
ften  or  eighteen  mentioned  in  the  remarks  to  the  return 
m^h  to  Col.  Proctor,  whose  names  do  not  appear,  were 
Ik  I  knov/n  by  those  who  saw  them  killed. 

♦*  Major  Graves  of  the  5th  regiment  of  Kentucky  vol- 
unteers, I  have  been  able  to  get  no  information  of  furth- 
er than  that  lie  was  brought  to  the  river  Rouge,  on  the 
25th  orSGth  of  January  in  a  sleigh.  I  fear,  from  our 
having  heard  nothing  of  him  since,  that  he  is  no  more, 
and  that  valuable  olhcer  forever  lost  to  his  country. 

"  The  dead  of  our  army  still  denied  the  rights  of  se- 
pulture. At  the  time  I  left  Sandwich,  I  was  told  the 
>iogs  wei^e*  uatin^  them.  A  gentleman  told  me  he  had 
seen,  them  running  about  with  skulls,  arms,  legs  ;u;d 
other  parts  of  the  human  system  in  their  inouti»s.  i  i.>\ 
French  people  on  the  Raisin  buried  Capts.  Har^  -ro-* 
Woolfulk  and  some  others,  but  it  was  more  than  their 
lives  were  worth  to  have  been  caught  paying  this  last 
accustomed  tr'bute  to  mortality. 

^<  I  have  sev.    u  fimcs  agitated  the  subject  of  burying 

the  dead,  whet        .'or.  jaiiy   with  the  British  officers, 

,  Ikut  they  alway -.  ?;v    Vv  i^d  thcT  .dians  would  not  sufter  it. 


•I  nh 

edb 

tour, 

1.  I 

private 

5.  Dan 

Butler 

In  a 

ahawki 

soners 

or  eigh 

men  U 

ha'ing 

Henry 

the  Inc 


Coloi 

Ecctrac 

Seen 

ryW 

«Ih; 

Medar(j 

ult.  and 

count  o 

orated  I 

doubt  I 

our  W01 

which  p] 

to  condi 

pimcipl 

nations* 

a  surgeo 

the  situa 

of  our  n 

after  the 

purpose 

travelled 


APPENDIX, 
li 


if 


d  rtturn  of  the  American  jrrim;m%  who  n.re  iomnlcawk' 

ed  by  the  Indians,  subsequent  to  the  buUle  at  French- 

town,  January  Q2d,  1813. 

1.  Pascal  Hickmau,  captain;  2.  Janif-s  K.  BIyt);e, 
?",?^*.'.  ?:  ^^'^^^^  Gerle9,do.  4.  Thomas  S.Crow,  do! 
o,  Daniel  Darnell,  do.  6.  Tliomas  Ward,  do.  r.  William 
Umier,  do.  8.  Hertry  Downy,  do.  9.  John  P.  Sidney  do, 

m  addition  to  the  above  numher,!  saw  two  otliers  tom- 
ahawked at  Sandy  creek  myself,  and  find  that  the  pri- 
soners now  m  the  hospital  in  Sandwich  saw,  say  fifteen 
or  eighteen  others,  treated  in  the  same  manner.  Two 
men  toll  vac  they  saw  one  who  had  the  appearance  of 
ha-M ng  been  burned  to  death.  Those  men  who  saw 
Henry  Downy  and  William  Butler  killed,  tell  me  that 
the  Indians  left  them  without  scalping. 

ISAAC  L.  BAKBR, 

Colonel  H.  Proctof !''''''  ''  ''"'^'  ^''''''  ''^'""''y- 

Extract  of  a  letter  from  Major  General  Harrison  to  the 
Secretary  at  war,  dated  at  the  Miami  Rapids,  Februa^ 
ry  11, 1813. 

\fll  ^'t^  tjie  honor  to  enclose  to  you  the  deposition  of 
Medard  Labadie,  who  was  at  the  river  Raisin  on  the  22d 
antl  remained  Ihere  till  the  5th  instant.     His  ac- 
count of  the  loss  ot  the  enem;r  in  the  action,  is  corrob- 
orated  b^  several  others,  nor  is  there  the  least  reason  to 
doubt  his  statement,  as  it  regards  the  horrible  fate  of 
our  wounded  men.      There  is  another  circumstance 
jvhich  plain ly  shews  tliat  the  British  have  no  intention 
to  conduct  tlie  war  (at  least  in  this  quarter)  upon  those 
pnji.iples  which  have  been,  held  sacred  by  all  civilized 
nations.    On  the  50th  ult.  I  dispatched  Dr.  M'Keehan. 
a  surgeon's  mate  in  the  militia,  with  a  flag,  to  ascertain 
the  situation  of  our  wounded..    He  was  attended  by  one 
ot  our  mihtia  men  and  a  Frenchman*     On  the  iiieht 

H!!'PTA^  ^\^'^A^  fe^v1iour'£sleep,in  a  vacant  cabin 
«i-^.a  ...^  uank  Oi  ine  river.  i  he  cariole  in  which  they 
travelled  was  left  at  the  door  with  the  flag  set  up  ia  it. 


78 


APPENDIX. 


Thev.werc  discovered  by  a  party  of  Indiana,  (accompa- 
med,  It  IS  said,  by  a  British  officer)  and  attacked  in  the 
manner  described  in  the  deposition.  The  militia  maa 
was  killed  and  scalped,  the  doctor  and  the  Frenchman 
taken.  Doctor  M'Keehan  was  furnished  with  a  letter 
addressed  to  any  British  officer  whom  he  might  meet, 
describing  the  character  in  which  he  went,  and  the  object 
for^which  he  was  sent,  an  open  letter  Gen.  Winchester, 
^nd  written  instructions  to  himself  all  of  which  he  was 
directed  to  show  to  the  first  officer  he  met  with.  He 
was  also  supplied  with  one  hundred  dollars  in  gold  to 
procure  necessariies  for  the  prisoners. 

The  affidavit  of  Medard  Labadie,  late  resident  near 
the  river  Raisin,  in  the  Michigan  territory.  He  being 
sworn,  saith,  he  was  in  his  house  when  he  heard  the  guns 
at  the  commencement  of  the  action  at  the  river  Raisin, 
on  the  22d  Jan.  1813,  between  the  American  forces  under 
Gen.  Winchester,  and  the  British  Canadian  and  Indian 
forces,  said  to  be  commanded  bv  Col.  St.  George.  Af- 
ter ^ome  little  time,  he  heard  th"at  the  Indians  were  kH- 
ling  the  inhabitants  as  well  as  the  Americans,  upon  which 
he  went  towards  the  scene  of  action,  in  order  to  save 
his  family.  As  he  went^on,  he  was  with  one  other  in- 
habitant taken  prisoner  by  two  Wyandot  Indians,  and 
carried  prisoners  to  the  Indian  lines,.from  which  he  saw 
great  part  of  the  action.  The  right  wing  of  the  Aineii- 
cans  had  given  way  before  he  got  a  sight  of  the  action. 
It  terminated  affer  the  sun  was  seme  hours  high,  not 
far  from  11  o'clock  A.  M.  by  the  surrender  of  the  Amer- 
ican forces  that  then  remained  on  the  ground*  He  saw 
the  flag  hoisted  by  the  British  sent  tathe  American 
forces,  and  saw  it  pass  three  times  to  the  Americans 
before  the  sur^fcndcr.  He  could  not  understand  English 
but  understood  that  Gen.  Winchester  was  taken  prisoner 
before  he  got  to  the  lines  of  his  own  men  ;  that  he  was 
compelled  to  carry  the  flag  to  his  own  forces  after  he 
wai  taken  5  that  he  understood  the  reason  of  the  flag 
passing  so  often  was  that  the  Americans  refused  to  sur- 
>!  render  upon  any  other  terms  than  the  wounded  should 
be  taken  care  of,. the  dead  buried,  and  the  inhabitants 
jwotected  in  their  property.     That  the  British  first 


APPENDIX.  '  75 

refused  to  agree  to  these  terms  but  finally  did  a^r^c  to 
them.  IFc  also  understood  that  the  loss  of  the  British 
and  Indians  in  the  action  was  about  400  killed.  He  also 
understood  that  the  loss  of  the  Americans  in  the  action 
was  about  180  killed. 

He  knows  that  on  the  day  of  the  action  all  the  pris- 
oners who  were  able  to  march  were  marched  off  tow- 
ards Maiden,  the  wounded,  about  60  or  80  in  number 
lett  in  two  houses  without  any  of  their  friends  on  a' 
physician  to  take  care  of  them,  and  without  any  Brit- 
ish ofhcer  or  men.     About  ten  Indians  remained'behind 

^^T.*i  %?''^"",'*~*^'^^''^^"^«  ^f  the  Indians  went  oft- 
with  the  British,  and  he  was  told  by  some  of  iU  Cana- 
dian militia  that  the  British  had  promised  the  Indians 
a  trohc  that  night  at  Stoney  Creek,  about  six  miles  from 
the  river  Raism. 

He  was  liberated  after  the  line  of  »iarch  was  formed 
for  Ma  den.  Ihe  next  mo.rning  he  was  in  the  houses 
wi:ere  tlie  wounded  were.  That  mornins  about  fifty 
Indians  reiurned ;  they  brought  whiskey  with  them; 
they  drank  some  and  gave  some  to  the  Indians  there, 
and  between  9  and  10  o^clock,  A.  M.  they  commenced 
killing  tiie  wounded,  then  set  fire  to  the  houses  the 
wounded  were  in,  and  consumed  them.  He  was  at  his 
father  s,  on  this  side  of  the  Detroit  river,  about  seven 
days  alter  the  action,  and  saw  across  the  river  tlie  pris 
oners  marched  off  for  Niagara  from  Maiden.  ' 

He  saith  that  he  saw  taken  by  his  house,  by  Capt.  El- 
liot, and  nine  Wyandot  Indians,  two  men  that  he  had 
understood  had  been  sent  by  Gen.  Harrison  with  a  flas 
to  the  British.  One  of  the  men  (Mr.  Tessier)  he  knew, 
the  other  he  did  not  know,  but  understood  that  he  was 
^VL^^,  He  had  not  an   opportunity  of  conversine 

with  them,  but  understood  from  an  inhabitant,  to  whom 
lyjr.lessier  communicated  it,  that  they  stopped  for  the 
night  and  left  the  flag  lioisted  on  the  cariole ;  that  the 
nag  was  taken  away  unknown  to  them,  and  that  the  In- 
_-„.ift  -^,, ,  iun  tucrti  5  tiiaxne,  i  essier,  toid  them  they 
were  Frcnclimen,  and  surrendered,  upon  which  ^^^ 


m 


ip. 


J.  1  ;,     '  '='«**  vuucicu,  ujjuii  WHICH  me  in- 

aians  ceased  finng,  ^jid  took  them.    They  then  men- 


80 


APPENDIX. 


r 


tinned  thcr  were  sent  with  a  flag.     The  Indians  ^aid 
they  were  liars  and  took  thehi  oft*. 

Mr.  Tessier  was  set  at  liberty  at  the  river  Raisin  and 
remained  two  days  expecting  the  doctor  to  return;  at 
the  end  of  wliich  time  Tessier  was  sent  for  by  the  Brit*- 
ish  and  taken  to  Maiden.  He  understood  that  the 
doctor  was  sent  off  immediately  to  Niagara ;  the  doctor 
was  wounded  in  the  ancle.  He  understood  the  British 
charged  the  doctor  and  Tcssicr  with  being  spies.  And 
further  he  saith  not. 

(i^igiied)  MEDARD  LABADIE. 

,  WitnesSjC.  Gratiot,,  capt.  engineers  and  interpre- 
ter. 

Sworn  to  before  me,  this  11th  day  of  February,  1813, 
Camp,  foot  of  the  Miami  Rapids. 

(Signed)  C.  S.  TODD^  dis.  judge  ad. 

U.  GRAHAM,  aid  de  camp. 
A  true  copy.. 

J^icholasville,  C^H-)  ^P^H  24*ft,  1813. 

Sir — Yours  of  the  5th  inst.  requesting  me  to  give 
you  a  statement  respecting  the  late  disaster  at  French* 
t©wn,  was  duly  received.  Rest  assured,  sir,  that  it  is 
with  sensations  the  most  unpleasant,  that  I  undertake 
to  recount  the  infamous  and  barbarous  conduct  of  the 
British  and  Indians  after  thebattle  of  the  22d  January  .> 
The  blood  runs  cold  in  my  veins  when  I  think  of  it. 

On  the  morning  of  the  2Sd,.  shortly  after  light,  six 
or  eight  Indians  came  to.  the  house  of  Jean  Baptiste 
Jeraume,  where  I  was  in  company  with  Major  Graves, 
Captains  Hart  and  Hickman,  Doctor  Todd,  and  fifteen 
©r  twenlv  private  volunteers,  belonging  to  dliferent 
corps.  They  did  not  molest  any  person  or  thing  on 
then*  first  approach,,  but  kept  sauntering  about  until 
there  were  a  lar^e  number  collected  (say  one  or  two 
hundred)  at  whicn  time  they  commenced  plundering 
the  houses  of  the  inhabitants,^  and  the  massacre  of  the 
\vounded  prisoners.  I  was  one  amongst  tiie  first  that 
was  taken  prisoner,  and  was  taken  to  a  horse  about  20 

*kn.AAA  4*..^«^  au^  1 _rA^„  i,«:«_  j: x-.i  -r x  „r 

yS,\,\ia  i&uiaz  UiC  ilUUSC  iiilCi'  UCIIlgUiVUSlCU  VI  pUlt  VI    Uiy 

^l£tbiDg;  and  commauded  by  signs  there  to  remuin  for 


furthf 

knocL 

aeverj 

posing 

eifort 

contai 

the  ho 

ded  h] 

giving 

barity, 

name  ( 

blanke 

hotase 

me  car 

ards  m 

blow, 

JMcCai 
started 
ers,   w 

mangle 
thino-. 

Mess 

collect) 

by  the 

ced  the 

came  w 

to  Mal( 

whilst  i 

savage 

strippcM 

atteado 

al  woui; 

After  tl 

niarchir 

Indians 

preparii 

Brad  for 

were  Pa 

chaTi'jin 

ha  readi 


APPRNDrX. 


furth- 
knocl 


■V-  orders.     Shortly  after  behi^  thero,  I  f 
kxlown  C  apt.  Jlickman  H  the  door,  to£rei 


?aw  them 
^oAher  v/ith 


several  othe.s  Wit!,  who.  T^sTot  ac  'uJiXr^'u'  .^ 
posn  j;  a  general  massacre  had  commenced,  I  made  an 
effort  to  Rot  to  a  house  about  100  yards  dista„nhich 
contained  a  number  of  wounded,  but,  on  my  reach  ne 
the  house,  to  my  great  mortification,  found  if  IZrmn. 
ded  by  Indians,  which  precluded  the  possibility  of  my 
C?f  '"'^\*V''«  ""fortunate  victim'^s  of  savage  b^r^ 

hlanLt  t„!r  *^  ^^''^  '!'^  possession  of  his  horse  and 
blanket,  telng  me  by  signs,  to  lead  the  horse  to  the 
house  I  had  just  before  left.    The  Indian  that  fiVst  took 

'Tdrrh?  "  •'  •"r'"*^^'' J^  hostile  disposufon    „w- 
t    .!l-l™""'S  •"«  tomahawk  as  if  to^ve  the  fatal 


ai 


ced  thep,  by  our  respectivrca^Tors  exe;  B /t^e?^ 
came  where  wewerc,entreati„'gan  Indian  to  conveihto 
to  Maiden,  pvom.smg  to  give  htm  40  or  50  dollars,^  and 

^^'^^^:^''f"^'r  •"«'■'=■''•  -  I"dia;  more 
savage  than  the  other  stepped  up  behind,  tomahawked 

atrj:rt'l"'  ''f.Pf  ^'"'-  "^''^  '«''*  *•>»'  attracted  my 
attention,  was  the  houses  on  fire  that  contained  sever^ 

al  woumled  whom  1  knew  were  not  able  to  get  o?.ll 
Af,er  the  houses  were  nearly  consumed,  we  received 
niavclnng  oroers,  and  after  arriving  at  Sandy  creek  the 
Indians  called  a  halt,  an.)  comme'nccd  coolcin..  after 
preparing  and  eating  a  little  sweetened  gruel,  %  essrt 
Bradford,  Searls,  Turrerand  mvself received  ome,and 
were  natins,  when  an  fndi-,.  .  »™„  „„  ....i  _    °"  "  .',     . 

n!  ,  ,^  ■;  *"'  'nockasons  for  iMr.  Scarls'  shoes,  which 
-.0  HMd,l;,-  coTnpl.ed  wi^.u     They  then  exchanged  hats, 


82 


APPENDIX. 


after  which  the  Indian  enquired  how  many  men  Harri- 
son had  with  him,  and  at  the  same  time  calling  Searls  a 
Washington  qv  Madison,  then  raised  his  tomahawk  ancX 
struck  him  on  the  sliouldcr^  which  cut  into  the  cavity  of 
the  body.  Searls  then  caught  hold  of  the  tomahawk  ancJ 
appeared  to  resist,  and  upon  my  telling  him  that  his  fate 
was  inevitable,  he  closed  his  eyes  and  received  the  sav- 
age blow  which  terminated  his  existence.  I  was  near 
enough  to  him  to  receive  the  brains  and  blood,  after  the 
fatal  blow,  on  my  blanket.  A  short  time  after  the  death 
of  Searls,  I  saw  three  others  share  the  same  fate.  We 
then  set  out  for  Brownstown,  which  place  we  reached 
about  12  or  1  o'clock  at  nighk  After  being  exposed  to 
several  hoars  incessant  rain  in  reaching  that  place  we 
were  put  into  the  council  house,  the  floor  of  wnich  m  as 
partly  covered  with  water ;  at  which  place  we  remained 
until  next  morning,  when  we  again  received  marching 
orders  for  their  village  on  the  river  Rouge,  which  place 
we  made  that  day,,  where  I  was  kept  six  days,  then  ta» 
ken  to  Detroit  and  sold.  For  a  more  detailed  account 
of  the  proceedings,  I  take  the  liberty  of  referring  you  to 
a  publication  which  appeared  in  the  public  prints,  sign- 
ed by  Ensign  J.  L.  Baker :  and  to  the  publication  of 
Judge  Woodward,  both  of  which  I  have  particularly  ex* 
amined  and  find  them  to  be  literally  correct,  so  far  as 
came  under  ray  notice. 

I  am  Sir,  witii  due  regard, 
Your  fellow  citize)i, 

G  LIST  A  V  US  M.  BOWER. 
Siirs'eon^S'Mate  5th  Eea^t,  Kentucku  Volunteers, 

^e5?samine  county,  to  wit. 

This  day  Gustavus  M.  Bower,  personally  came  be- 
fore mo,  .Tolm  Metcalf,  one  of  the  commonwealth's  jus- 
tices of  the  peace  in  and  for  said  county,  and  made  oath 
to  the  truth  of  assertions  before  stated  by  the  said  Bow- 
er.    Given  under  my  hand  this  24th  day  of  April,  1813. 

JOHN  METCALF. 
Jea&e  Bledsoe,  esq.  I^exington. 


Stii- 

to  the  d 

January 

^erms  oi 

General 

within  n 

troduce( 

forces  at 

by  him  \ 

were  lef 

I  Willi  no 

mained  \ 

tor  of  m^ 

and  the  s 

you  will 

special  c 

I  will  se 

to  Amhe 

tertain  t 

doing  Wj 

tlid  noit  V 

prehensii 

hiy  doub 

sured  mc 

gaged  in 

wounded 

hie,  but  0 

^d  the  Br 

pretcrs  ii 

tiess  to  t1 

Yor  the  w 

•ed  with  c 

liad  visit( 

was  solic 

Elliot  re 

should  be 

^d  that  e 

hint  On  hi 

t)wnhaus 


APPENDIX. 


«d 


Lejcington^  ^faij  2«/,  1813. 
Stii — I  rccelveil  your  letter  some  time  since,  relative 
to  the  disastrous  ailair  of  Frenchtown  of  22d  and  23d' 
January  last.    For  the  particulars  of  the  action,  and  the 
lerma  of  capitulation,  1  refer  you  to  the  official  report  of 
General  Winchester,  which  is  correct  as  far  as  came 
within  my  knowledge*    After  the  capitulation  I  was  in- 
troduced  to  col.  Proctor,  the  commander  of  the  British 
forces  and  Indians,  as  one  of  the  surviving  surgeons,  and 
by  him  was  uequested  to  attend  to  our  wounded,  who 
were  left  on  the  ground  where  the  action  was  fought. 
I  willingly  acquiesced,  and  Doctor  Bowers  my  mate  re- 
mained with  me  5  «it  the  same  time  I  informed  Col.  Proc- 
tor of  my  apprehensions  for  the  safety  of  the  wounded 
and  the  surgeons  5  lie  replied  be  under  no  apprehensions, 
you  will  be  perfectly  safe,  I  will  place  you  under  the 
special  care  of  the  chiefs  until  morning  and  very  early 
I  will  send  conveyances  for  the  wounded  and  yourseu' 
to  Amherstburg.    Shortly  after,  I  was  requested  to  as- 
xertain  the  number  and  rank  of  the  wounded,  and  in  so 
doing  was  assisted  by  a  British  officer  (whose  name  I 
tlid  not  know)  to  wh«m  I  likewise  communicated  my  ap- 
prehensions of  safety  ;  he  manifested  some  irritation  at 
toy  doubts  of  British  honor  and  magna"nimity,  and  as- 
sured me  protection  w  ould  be  afforded  me.    While  en- 
gaged in  this  business,  one  bf  the  rooms  occupied  by  the 
wounded  was  crowded  with  Indians  who  were  peacea- 
ble, but  ohe  of  them  who  could  ispeak  English  admonish- 
^d  the  British  officer  of  the  pi-opriety  of  stationing  inter- 
preters in  the  houses.     Upon  my  return  from  this  busi- 
liess  to  the  rootn  I  occupiecl,  and  which  was  set  apart 
^or  the  wounded  officers,  I  met,  and  was  made  acquaint* 
;ed  with  captain  Elliot,  a:t  predent  a  British  officer,  who 
1)ad  visited  Captain  Hart  then  woundel.    Captain  Hart 
Ayas  solicitous  to  be  i-emoved  that  e\tning,  and  Captain 
Elliot  replied,  if  it  was  ndssibf^  (and  every  exertion 
should  be  made)  he  should,  ^nd,  if  it  couM  not  be  eflrect" 
;ed  that  evening,  early  in  the  morning  he  would  call  for  > 

hint: OD  his  n-wn    tr-'^in    fHl^^ich^   J^nti   r^nwAtr  K;.%a    4-#^    liia 

wn  hQUse  in  Amherstburg,  where  he  should  remain  un- 
*til  re^overed^  assuring  him,  repeatedly,  no  dariger  was 


i 


84 


APPENDIX. 


io  be  apprehended,  and  if  possible  Ive  woukl  remam 
wjth  him  that  night.  In  the  afternoon  Captain  Elliot 
and  ev^ery  British  officer  left  the  encampment,  leav- 
ing behihd4hree  interpreters.  From  tlie  repeated  as- 
surances, my  apprehensions  were  quieted  ;  for  who 
could  doubt  ?  About  one  hour  before  day  light  (for  my 
duties  required  my  attention  nearly  all  the  night)  the 
interpreters  suddenly  disappeared.  About  an  hour  af- 
ter day  light,  the  Indians  began  to  collect  xu  the  town, 
and  commenced  plundering  the  houses  in  which  the 
wounded  were  placed,  and  then  stripped  them  and  my- 
self of  our  clothing.  At  this  time  the  room  I  bad  occu- 
pied was  crowded  with  Indians,  and  Capt.  Hart's  wound 
already  painful,  being  injured  by  them,  I  conveyed  him 
to  an  adjoining  house  which  had  been  plundered  and 
was  empty,  where  I  met  the  Indian  (who  on  the  prece- 
ding day  had  requested  that  interpreters  should  be  left) 
and  he  knew  my  rank.  He  inquired  why  the  surgeons 
were  left,. and  why  the  wounded  were  left  ?  I  replied  it 
was  the  wish  of  Colonel  Proctor  we  should  remain  until 
he  could  send  for  us  5  and  Capt.  Hart  informed  him  Capt. 
Elliot  was  a  friend  of  his  and  was  to  call  for  him  that 
morning.  He  shook  his  head  significantly,  and  replied 
they  were  damned  rascals,  or  w^  would  have  been  ta- 
ken oft*  the  preceding  day.  The  Indian  informed  me 
every  individual  would  be  killed,  and  requested  me  to 
he  quiet,  for  the  chiefs  were  then  in  council  and,  «  may 
Ue,"  oidy  the  wounded  would  be  killed.  Captain  Hart 
offered  him  one  hundred  doll|urs  to  take  him  to  Maiden. 
He  replied,  you  are  too  badly  wounded.  While  we 
were  conversing,  one  of  the  wounded  was  tomahawked 
at  our  feet.  Shortly  after,  the  Indian  returned  and  told 
me,  I  was  a  prisoner,  and  must  go.  I  was  taken  by  the 
Indian  to  the  house  I  had  left,  and  there  discovered 
that  Captain  Hickman  arid  two  others  had  in  my  absence 
been  tomahawked,  scalpt,  and  stript.  1  was  tied  and 
taken  by  this  Indian  toward  Maiden  about  four  miles, 
when  I  came  to  the  encampment  of  the  British  wound- 
ed, and  met  with  Captain  Elliot  and  the  surgeon  of  the 
4ist  reeiment.  Captain  Elliot  immediately  recognised 
inc;  aad  inquired  the  cause  of  my  situatioa.    I  iaformed 


him  w 

back  ii 

might 

medC 

ship. 

may  r( 

Inclian 

"ivho  ai 

many  i 

making 

be  sav( 

my  ow 

sleighs 

€d.     '^. 

of  savi 

make  s 

ments 

pied, a 

portan< 

anterpr 

they  w 

gave  ad 

cd.     I 

ott  and 

>vound( 

Indians 

questec 

compan 

tain  £1] 

no  fears 

the  lut 

gence  o: 

tain  Ell 

perated. 

savages 

when  tl] 

wounde 

wards  o 

iion  and 

ring,  the 


V> 


APPENDIX. 


s?r 


Jnm  what  had  taken  place,  and  requested  him  td  send 
back  immediately,  that  some  who  were  badly  wounded 
might  he  still  alive,  and  could  be  savetl,  particularly  na- 
ined  Captain  Hart,  for  whom  he  manifested  much  friend- 
ship.    Captain  Elliott  replied,  it  is  now  too  late,  you 
inay  rest  assuied  that  those  who  are  once  taken  by  the 
Indians  are  safe,  and  will  be  taken  to  Maiden,  and  those 
who  are  badly  wounded  are  killed  ere  this.     I  replied, 
many  are  unable  to  walk,  and  some  will  be  killed  after 
Miakmg  an  effort  and  walking  several  miles,  who  might 
be  saved  ;  to  which  he  replied,  charity  begins  at  home, 
iny  own  wounded  are  to  b^  conveyed  first,  and  if  any 
*[f*g»s  remain,  they  shall  be  sent  back  for  your  wound- 
ed.    My  anxiety  to  get  some  persons  to  return,  in  hopes 
ot  saving  some  of  the  prisoners,  induced  me  at  length  to 
make  an  appeal  to  their  avarice.     The  surgical  instru- 
ments of  the  detachment  were  left  in  the  room  I  occu- 
pied, and  1  informed  the  surgeon  of  their  value  and  im- 
portance at  the  time  ;  he  immediately  dispatched  aii 
anterpreter  for  them,  who  returned  with  the  infewmatioa 
they  were  destroyed  in  Uie  burning  of  tlie  house,  and 
gave  additionjri  information  of  the  massacre  of  the  wound- 
ed.   I  was  released  from  the  Indians  by  Captain  Elli- 
ott and  the  surgeon.    At  this  time  my  brother,  who  was 
wounded  and  several  others,  were  in  possession  of  the 
Indians,  who  were  taking  them  towards  Maiden.    I  re- 
quested  their  release,  and  permission  for  them  to  ac. 
company  me  on  foot,  under  British  protection.    Cai^- 
tain  Elliott  told  me  it  was  impossible,  and  to  he  under 
no  lears  5  they  were  safe,  for  he  knew  the  fidelity  of 
tae  Indians  with  whom  tliey  were.     When  the  intelli- 
gence ol  the  massacre  was  by  me  communicated  to  Cap- 
tain iihiott  and  the  surgeon,  tliey  appeared  much  exafi- 
perated,  and  declared  it  was  impossible  to  restiain  tJie 
savages,     ihe  cause  he  then  assigned  to  me  was,: that 
wn«n  the  Indians  discovered  their  loss  in  killed  and 
wounded,  and  that  of  the  British,  they  started  off  to- 
wards our  wounded,  declarpd  th^v  r^rMM  b«va  ^^i\.f.n^ 
iion  and,  he  continued,  I  was  feartul  of  theeventV"i>i. 
nng.  the  plunder  and  the  massacie,  our  wounded  ccmi- 
;  Bb 


^ 


APPENDIX, 


tiuctecf  tncMsclvcs  with  the  utmost  composure  and  re- 
signation, and  made  no  resistance,  which  thej  knew 
would  be  fruitless,  and  destruction  to  all. 

It  was  asserted  by  Col.  Proctor  in  a  conversation  at 
Amherstburg,  that  the  Indians  had  got  some  whiskey  in 
the  house  we  were  stationed,  and  had  become  intoxica- 
ted. That  tlie  Indians  may  have  had  some  whiskey,  1 
shall  not  deny,  but  I  think  I  can  safely  say,  that  they 
did  not  procure  it  there,  and  that  was  not  the  cause  of 
the  massacre,  for  on  the  preceding  days  and  subsequent 
to  the  action  of  the  18th,  I  wanted  some  spirits,  and 
made  application  to  the  housekeeper,  who  assured  me 
there  was  none  about  the  house,  for  it  was  all  consumed 
by  the  British  and  Indians  who  had  quartered  in  the 
liouse  prior  to  the  action  of  the  18th  ;  besides  the  Indi- 
ans  shewed  no  manifestation  of  drunkenness  ;  their  de- 
liberate pilfering  and  their  orderly  conduct  throughout, 
was  not  such  as  v/ould  he  expected  from  drunken  In- 
liians. 

Upon  my  arrival  at  Maiden  I  wns  again  solicUed  to 
take  c!iarg2  of  the  wounded,  the  surgery  was  opened  to 
me,  and  I  had  tlie  Use  of  the  medicines  and  dressings 
necessary,  and  they  had  as  comfortable  rooms  as  could 
be  procured.  During  eur  stay  in  Maiden  some  ei^^ht  or 
ten  of  t-ie  wounded  were  brought  in  by  the  Indians  j 
Several  made  t'leir  escape  wlio  were  doomed  to  massa* 
ere,  and  found  protection  with  the  inhabitants  of  the 
territory,  who  brought  them  into  Maiden,  and  several 
,  tnadc  their  escape,  wandered  in  and  delivered  themselves 
up  at  the  fort.  Prior  to  our  leavingMalden^one  poor  fel* 
low  v»-as  brought  in  scalped  alive  by  the  Indians  and  de- 
livered up  to  the  British,  but  ])fjfore  I  reached  him 
tlcath  put  an  end  to  his  suflfering.?*  I  frequently,  and 
on  every  occasioii,  urged  the  British  oilpiCers  to  exert 
themselves  and  proturfe  the  release  of  the  wounded  froili 
the  Indians,  urging  the  necessity  of  having  their  wounds 
dressed.  In  a  conversation  on  "this  subject  with  capt. 
Isllioff.  nwfl  fv]ii]i<  iirfriri-r  if  lip  i-pnliod- tU*^  Tnillans  arc 
excellent  surgeons.  The  prisoners  were  all  marched 
<>ff  to  Sandwich  after  remaining  a  hw  days  at  Maiden, 
and  i  was  called  upon  to  know  ho'«  many  fronii  theiJ* 


\  l&ii: 


upoi 


APPENDIX. 


8f 


wounds  were  unable  to  march  ;  who  had  slei-hg  furnisli- 
e<I  them,  which  was  (he  case  during  the  march  to  Fort 
George.  Before  I  conclude,  I  must  say  that  the  terms 
of  cj^pitulation  were  violated  in  every  particular  by  the 
enemy.  The  wounded  were  PMi  protected  ;  nor  pr'ivate 
p  -operty  Mas  not  held  sacred  ;  and  our  side  aiim  were 
not  i^stored.  AVith  a  few  exceptions.  I  was  treated  reg- 
pcctfullvhy  the  British  officers,  save  the  abuse  uliich  was. 
lavis'ied  on  my  gaverninent.  and  that  was  bv  no  means 
sparingly  bestowed.        1  am,  respectfullv,  'iki: 

JOHN  TObl),  M.  3>. 
and  late  surgeon  to  the  5tli  rti^t.  ti  lleiitucky 
volunteer  militia. 
The  lion,  Jesse  Bledsoe, 

The  commonwealth  of  Kentucky^ ;) 

Fayette  county,  y  *^' 

This  da^  Doctor  John  Todd  came  before  me,  John  IT. 
Morton,  a  justice  of  the  peace  for  said  couritv,  and  made 
oath  that  the  facts  stated  in  the  foregoing  letter  are  sub- 
stantially true  to  the  birst  of  his  knowledge. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  5d  dov  of  May,  1813. 

JOHN  H.  MORTON. 

State  of  Kentucky,  Pendleton  comiy,  in  tlie  town  of 

Falmouth, 


Kentucky  ^^ ^^^ 

and  attached  to  eaptain  Wj  lei  Seabrees'  c^.mpanY,"aiid 
was  in  the  battle  of  18th  Jaiiuarv^  and  did  iMit  receive  a 
wound,  but  on  the  2!2d,  about  9  o^clock,  received  a  shot 

under  the  right  arm,  which  lodged  between  the  ribs. 

After  tlie  capitulation  of  ou:-  (roopf;,  there  caiac  a  pav 
master  of  the  British  army  in  the  iiouse  where  I  was.  to 
take  the  number  of  wounded  that  was  in  the  house,  I 
asked  what  was  to  be  done  with  us  5  he  replied  don't 
make  your^self  uneasy  about  thai,  you  shall  be  protecled 
tins  night  by  a  strong  pard  which  shall  be  leit  with  vou. 
But  to  my  sad  misfortune,  I  found  there  were  but  tlirt  e 
interpreters  left,  and  in  the  night  an  officer  took  two  of 
them  awayj  and  in  tlie  morning  the  other  said  he  could 


88 


APPENDIX. 


not  talk  Indian,     ^'o  when  the  Indians  came  in  the  morn- 
ing, thev  broke  open  the  doors  of  the  houses,  began  to 
tomaliawk,  scalp  and  plunder,  then  set  fire  to  the  hous- 
es which  contained  the  prisoners ;  with  this  I  got  up,  put 
on  my  great  coat,  put  up  my  knapsack  and  went  out  of 
tloors.     I  had  not  l)een  out  more  than  one   minUte,  be- 
iore  an  Indian  came  up  to  me  and  took  the  coat  off  my 
back,  also  anotlier  Indian  told  me  to  put  my  knapsack 
in  hi8  sled  ;  1  did  so.     At  this  time  Major  Graves  and 
V|apt.   Hart  were  out  in  the  yard.     I  heard  Capt.  Hart 
make  a  bargain  with  an  Indian  to  take  him    o  Maiden, 
Tvhich  the  Indian  agreed  to  do  for  the  sum  of  one  hun- 
dred dollars.     I  saw  the  Indiaa  put  a  pair  of  socks  on 
llart  and  put  him  on  a  horse  ;  this  was  the  last  I  saw  of 
ijart.     I  then  saw  a  man  riding,  whom  I  thought  was  a 
British  officer.     1  made  to  him  but  found  thai  ho  was  an 
Indian,  who  was  rid-de-camp  to  general  Roundhead  ; 
Le  had  with  him   when  I  came  up  twelve  men.     It  waa 
iit  the  mouth  of  a  lane  where  I  overtook  him,  where  there 
v/ere  two  Indians  scalping  twa  men  ;  he  hallooed  to 
them  to  give  way  ;  they  did  so.     After  thii*^  we  went  on, 
and  on  Sandy  creek,  about  3  jniles  from  the  battle  ;round 
I  saw  Maj.  Graves  in  an  Indian  sleigh  ;  this  ia  the  last 
account  of  him   that  I  could  ascertain.      We  went  on 
that  night  to  Brown8ti>wn,  and   in  the  morning  of  the 
S4th  a  man  gave  out  walking,  with  the  rheumatic  paini, 
who  was  by  the  n(Mneof  Downey.      Tlie  Indians  toma- 
hawked hiiii  and  then  ^3tl  ipt  liim.     "We  then  Uiarched  on 
above  Detroit  on  the  river  Rouge.      I  staid  with  thani 
several  dayH,they  then  took  me  into  Detroit  (leaving  a 
young  man  in  the  camp  by  the  name  of  John  Davenport) 
and  sold  me  to  Maj.  Muir,  who  commands  fort  Detroit. 
1  then  was  sent  over  to  Sandwich,  there  I  staid  until 
the  8th  of  February  ;  thev  marched  me  to  fort  George 
and  m6  on  the    I9th  of  February,   1813.     The 

above  is  a  true  statement  as  far  as  I  saw,  though  I  saw 
Jiumbers  massacred  that  I  did  not  know. 

During  my  confinement  with  the  Indians,  whilst  at  their 
camps,  they  shewed  me  more  hunjanity  than  the  British. 

Given  under  my  haua  this  21st  day  of  April,  1813, 

JOHN  DAWSON, 


APPENDIX. 


m 


Pendleton  county^  ss, 

1,  William  Miuntjoy,  one  of  the  commonwealth's  jus- 
tices of  the  peace  for  the  state  of  Kentucky,  in  and  for 
fiaul  county,  do  certify  that  the  forgoing  certificate  of 
Jiolm  Uawson,  was  written,  subscribed  and  sworn  to  be- 
fore  me. 

Given  undcrniy  hand  this  Slst  day  of  April,  1813. 

\V  M.  MOUNTJOY. 
State  of  KentucJcij,  Pendleton  county,  in  the  tvwn  of 

Falmouth,  '' 

On  the  21st  day  of  April,  1813, 1,  Thomas  Pollard,  a 

pm'nteof  Capt.  Glavc's  company,  of  the  1st  Regiment 

?iwi  i'^-^- i'""^"';^?*^ ', '"^**^'''''  ^^^^"^  battles  fought 
with  the  lintish  and  Indian  army,  on  the  18th  and  22d 

€il  January  last,  at  the  riyer  Raisin,  and  after  the  sur- 
render of  our  army  as  prisoners  of  war,  on  the  22d,unon 
the  assiirances  of  British  officers  promising  protection 
to  my  wounded  fellow  soldiers,  and  that  the>  would  send 
carrioles  for  tliem  the  next  day,  although  I  had  received 
110  injury  in  cither  of  the  actions  fought  on  the  1 8th  and 
-^c ,  1  volimtarily  staid  to  assist  and  comfort  my  mess- 
mate?,  Jojin  Dawson,  Albert  Ammerman  and  Jesse 
*'reen,  all  of  whom  had  received  wounds  by  balls. 

i  harp  first  examined  the  statement  made  and  sworn 
to,  by  John  Dawson,  hereunto  annexed,  and  witnessed 
every  circumstance  therein  stated  to  be  truly  stated 
witbn  my  own  knowledge.  The  Indian  who  bargained 
with  C  apt.  Hart,  to  take  him  to  fort  Maiden  for  one  hun- 
drcd  dollars,  and  took  charge  of  him,  put  him  on  ahorse 
and  started  on  his  way  ;  spoke  good  enough  the  Eyglisli 
loijgue  for  us  to  underhtaud  the  contrrct. 

THOMAS  POLLARD. 
Pendleton  county,  ss, 

I,  William  Mountjoy,  one  of  the  commonwealth's 
,vustices  of  the  peace  for  the  state  of  Kentucky,  in  and 

lor   said  COnntv.  dn  rprfifv  ih^i  d.«  f«».^«.,.^^™    ^^..i;/*    -^_ 


Bj^Z 


90 


APPENDIX. 


State  of  Ktentuckij,  Pendleton  Counfi/,  in  the  toum  of 

Falmouth, 
'  OntheSlsifday  of  April,  1815, 1,Albert  Ammerman, 
a  private  of  captain  Glave's  company  of  the  tii-st  regi- 
ment of  Kentucky  volunteer  militia,  being  wounded  in 
the  battle  of  thp  18th  January  last,  at  the  river  Raisin, 
by  a  ball  in  the  flesh  of  the  thigh  ;  and  from  the  window 
of  the  house   which  was  appropriated  for  an  liospitaf, 
M'asa  witness  to  the  battle  of  the  S2d  of  the  same  month  ^ 
and  after  the  surrender,  I,  being  but  slightly  wounded, 
proposed   marching  with  the  rest  o^f  the  prisoners,  and 
was  prevented  by  the  order  of  a  British  officer,  who 
said  tnat  a  guard  would  be  left  to  take  care  of  tlie  woun- 
ded, and  carrioles  would  be  sent  for  them  to  i  idc  in  to 
Afalden,  on  the  next  morning.     But  to  my  astonishment 
Jiio  guard  was  left,  and  about  sun  rise  on  the  morning  of 
the  23d,  a  party  of  Indians  returned  to  the  hospital, 
and  the  iirst  Indian  that  came  to  the  room  I  was  lodged 
in,  could  speak  the  English  language.     He  was  asked  by 
one  of  the  wounded  what  was   to  be  done   with  the 
^vounded.     He  replied  they  were  all   to  be  killed  that 
could  not  walk  ;  and  shortly  after  a  general  ma&sacre 
€onunenced.    I  instantly  put  on  my  knapsack,  and  went 
owt  of  the  house  ;  my  knapsack  was  demanded  by  au 
Indian  at  the  door,  to  whom  I  gave  it.     He  conductetV 
me  to  a  log  some  little  distance  from  the  bouse,  on  which 
I  sat  down,  where  1  witnessed  the  butchery  of  many  of 
my  fellow  citizens  sufferers  by  the  tomakawk  and  scalp- 
ing knife  ;  and,  to  finish  the  scene,  set  fire  to  the  houses 
occupied  by  the  wounded   prisoners,  many  of  them 
struggling  in  th*!;  arms  of  death,  put  their  heads  out  of 
the  windows  whilst  enveloped  in  smoke  and  tlame^j. 
After  this  bloody  work  was  finished,  I  was  marched  olf 
in  the  direction  towards  Erownstovvn,  by  an  Indian, 
and  when  about  half  a  mile  from  Frenchtown  on  our 
way,  was  overtaken  by  tv/o  Indiana,  who  had   Capt. 
Hart  in  custody,  mounted  on  a  horse.  As  they  approach- 
ed nearly  to  us,  I  noticed  they  were  speaking  loud  and 
animated  as  if  in  a  quarrel  <i  but  not  understandinu  their 
language  did  not  understand  what  passed  betweeiTthem, 
II     \^i  thittk  it  is  pr^babl«  that  the  quaml  jya^  i^casione^ 


APPEND  rX. 


91 


rwpcchno;  one  huntlied  doMars,  wMcH   I  umloratood 
Capf.  Hart  had  given  to  one  of  thp  liifli.pm  alorei^ftid  to 
convey  him  to  fort  Maiden.     T;,<    *|uai  il'i  appeared  to 
Rrow  very  warm,  so  much  ao,  that  t'le  Ii.dlans  took  aim 
ftt  each  other  with  their  jruns.  a'ld   as  if  to  settle   the 
m^pMte  It  appeared  to  me  a<*  if  thev  Iwul  'unfuallv  alined 
to  kill  Cai)t.  Hart  antl  plunder  !iiin  of  the  resl  erf  hh 
juonej  and  cfFects,  wirich  t!je/  ilid,hy  uhw^  him  olfhia 
horse, then  knocked  himdowii  with  a  war  club,  scalped 
and  tomahawked  him,  and  stripped   liim  naked,  leaving 
his  hod  J  on  the  ground.     1   was  irratilicd  in  obseninfr 
that,  dll^n^   the  scene  of  trial,  Capt.    Hart  refraineci 
trom  supplication  or  intreatv,  hut  ajifeared  perfectlj 
calm  and  collected.     He  met  his  fate  witli  that  firmness 
which  was  his  particular  characteristic.     No  other  pris- 
«)ncr  ol   our  army  of  the  United  States  was  present  to 
y'ltiiftss  this  melancholly  scene,  the  death  of  (apt.  Hart. 
During  my  captivity  with  tlie  Indians,  five  days  only,  I 
was  treated  with  more  hospitality  than  I  had  any  reason 
to  expect,  much  more  so  than  I  experienced  from  the 
iSritish,  after  1  was  ransomed  at  Detroit,  by  Mr.  Benja- 
r»UTi  Chittenden,  who  will  ever  be  entitled  to  my  utmost 
gratitude  ;  by  him  I  was  liumauely  treated,  and  also  by 
some  of  tlie  French  Canadians.     '   his 

ALBERT  X  AMMERMAN. 
marl:. 

Tendleton  County,  ss, 

I,  Willia.uMountjoy,  one  of  the  Commonweatli's  iiis- 
tices  0    the  peace,  for  the  state  of  Kentucky,  in  and 

aTu'^1  /"'^"^^^'' '^'^  certify  the  forgoing  certificate  of 
Albert  Ammerman,  was  subscribed  and  sworn  to  before 
»ie.     (jiven  under  my  hand  this  21st  day  of  April,  1813. 

WM.,MOUNTJOy. 

^,     '  Lexington,  ^'Jpril  ISth,  1813. 

feir— You  request  of  me  a  statement  of  facts  within 
niy  own  knowledge,  concerning  the  murder  of  the 
men  alter  the  battle  and  surrender  of  Frenchtown. 

1  was  ftno  nf    fKncA  ^t-K^.    ,..«^  i~l v  —  ^i   _   t     *? 

itivjv   T.  nv    nas  laiiuu  uV   lue  IDClianS  Qli 

the  retreat,  about  one  and  a  half  miles  from  where  the 
•■action  ta;st  commenced.     Jvst.fcefwe  we  verc  taken,  , 


I 


4 


92 


APPENDIX. 


m- 


with  the  assibiancc  cf  Lieut.  Cliinii,  helonging  to  tlie 
militia,  I  formed  betw  een  lifteeii  and  twenty  men,  I 
then  discovered  the  Indians  running  upon  us  on  each 
side  and  in  front,  about  sixty  in  number,  with  thcirarms 
at  a  trail.  I  discovered  there  was  no  cliance  to  repel 
thein.  I  ordei-ed  the  men  to  ground  their  arms,  which 
Mas  done  ;  the  Indians  then  came  up  and  secured  the 
.'irnis  of  our  men,  and  sliot  tliem,  including  the  Lieut, 
before  mentioned.  I  wa^  the  only  one  saved.  I  was 
tad  en  and  delivered  up  to  Col.  Elliot,  a  British  officer. 

As  to  the  miniljer  of  tlie  wounded,  I  know  nothing  of 
iKv  own  knowledi^e. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

A  t^ARllETT. 
Hon.  Jesse  Bledsoe* 

Fay  (Lite  County^  ss. 

This  day  Lieutenant  Ashton  Garret,  of  the  17th  regi- 
j^.ent  U.  S.  Infantry,  came  before  me,  and  nmde  ofith 
that  the  foregoing  statement  is  just  and  true  to  the  best 
of  his  knowledge  and  belief. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  thirteenth  day  of  Apvil> 
IS  13.  J.  H.  MOnXON,  J.  P. 

8t€t3  of  TCentiicky,     ^ 

Fayette  county,       5       ' 

Personally  appeared  before  me,  a  justice  of  the  peace 
for  the  county  aforesaid,  Charles  Bradford,  an  inhabi- 


the  18th  and  22d  of  January  last  that,  he  was  wouiided 
in  the  right  hip  and  remained  at  Frenclilovvn  after  the 
capitulation  ;  that  on  the  22d  before  the  prisoners  (who 
were  able  to  walk)  were  marched  fj^r  Maiden,  he  saw 
Capt.  William  Elliot,  with  whom  he  had  been  formerly 
acquainted,  and  of  whom  he  enquired,  personally,  what 
^uld  be  done  with  the  wounded  prisoners  ?  ^\'hether 
'they  would  be  taken  to  Maiden  that  evening  with  the 
other  prisoners  or  not  ?  he  said  they  would  not  be  taken 
to  Maiden  that  evening,  but  a  strong  guard  would  be  left 
to  protect  them  against  any  outrage  the  Indians  might 
be  disposed  to  commit,    jhllUot  had  a  fciiwilar  coavcrsa-* 


S;.' 


APPENDIX. 


Qf? 


and 
this  de- 
^-     — ^,  ^„..„v,    .w.mci  niatea  wvax   sleiffllS  would 
be  sent  to  convey  the  wounded   to  Maiden  the   next 
morning.     This  deponent  further  says  that  the  British 
marched  away  ;  no  guard  was  left  to  protect  the  wound- 
ed, and    that  Capt.   Elliot,   when  asked   the  reason, 
Observed  thatsome  interpreters  were?  left  whose  influence 
among  the  Indians  was  greater,  and  that  they  were  better 
aole  to  protect  us  than  a  guard.     About  2  or  3  o'clock 
in  the   morning  of  the  23d  of  January,  thig  deponent 
discovered  that  the  interpreters  had  left  the  house  in 
Wiiicli  he  uas,  and  he  never  saw  them  afterwards;  that 
between  day  light  and  sun  rise,  on  the  2Sd,  he  saw  a 
large  number  of  Indians  come  to  the  house,  ihey  burst 
open  the  door,  and  in  a  few  minutes  commencecl  plun- 
cienng  the  prisoners,  and  tomahawking  those  who  wf^re 
unable  to  walk.     This  deponent  left  the  house  as  soon 
as  possible  and  went  into  the  yard,  where  a  number  of 
his  leilow  prisoners  had  assembled  ;  he  was  there  claimed 
as  a  Pnsouer  by  an  Indian,  who  gave  him  some  articles 
to  {.old  whilst  he  plundered  more.     At  this  time  he  was 
standing  with  Doct.  Bowers  and  James  E.  BhtK*,  when 
an  Indian  without  any  provocation,  toir.ahaw ted  Bly the 
and  sea  ped  him.     Shortly  after,  they  (the  Indians)  set 
me  to  the  houses  in  which  the  wounded  had  been  tuiar- 
tered,  and  burnt  them  down,  with  tlie  bodies  of  those 
wliom  Uey  had  murdered.      Thi^   deponent  was  then 
taken  by  tae  Indians,  in  company  with  Doct.  Bowers, 
i^uaries  J5cans,  Julius  Turner,  and   several  others  to 
»-.undy  Cieek;  that  on  the  way  he  saw  a  number  of  pri- 
soners  vvhojicd  been  tomahawked  ;  tlmi  whilst  at  Sa.idy 
treek,  taey  murdered  Ciiaries  Searls,  Thomas  S.  Crow, 
and  tiiree  or  four  others;  that  this  deponent  vvas  then 
packed  with  foity  or  ftf(y  pounds  weight  and  taken  to 
tiie  river  lUuge,  whe-e  the  Indians  had  encamped  >that 
\vhilst  he  was  there,  he  enquired  of  an  Indian^vhethcr 
fie  would  take  him  to  Maiden,  as  he  wished  to  be  givt a 
to  CoL  Elliot.     The  Indian  said  if  Col.  Elliot  told  him 
>to  do  so  he  would,  as  they  ahvays  did  as  he  requested 
theiji.     This  depvaent  was  six 'da js  with  the  IndiaRs 


!»  -sr 


94 


APPENDIX. 


be.ore  taey  took  him  to  Detroit,  Mhere  he  waspurcliasca 
by  Stephen  Mack  and  Oliver  W.  Miller,  forei-hty  doN 
/7/  '-  i";'  ^^^  ^^'**^^^  ^^^^^^'  coxmandinj-  at''  l)etroit 
in* -^^'^^^"''.^  ^^^}^  claimed  him  as  a  British  prisoner^ 
notwithstanding  his  having  just  been  ransomed  from 
ine.r  allies,  by  his  own  countrymen,  and  sent  him  to 
►sandwich,  wnere  he  remained  until  the  Cth  or  lOth  of 
^ebruary,  when  he  was  sent  to  Fort  George,  and  tliere 
paroled.  ^  Fhis  deponent  states,  that  whilst  a  prisoner 
at  ^andvvica,  he  was  several  tiroes  treated  insultinH  v  by 
the  British  officers  and  by  one  John  M'Gictor  ;  that  the 
citizens  generally  treated  the  prisoners  with  kindness 
and  attention,  as  far  as  was  in  their  power. 

This  being  the  first  opportunity  the  deponent  has  had 
?  «f  pressing  his  gratitude  to  the  American  citizens  who 
treated  the  prisoners  with  «o  mucii  friendship  and  hu- 
manity at  Detroit,  cannot  refrain  f]om  so  doing.  And 
^  long  as  he  lives,  the  names  of  Messrs.  Mack,  Miller, 
bmart,  A\oodward,  Williams,  M'Donald,  Hunt,  Mays! 
&c.  shall  never  be  forgotten.  '       *^  * 

^  ^  CHAliLES  BRADFORD. 

bworn  and  subscribed  to,  before  me  thi*  29th  day  of 

^^"^'  1^,13.  0.  KIEN,  J.  A 

(Copy) 


GXKK] 

Kxpos 
Marcli 
View  < 
Skctcli 

Inyasi( 

Campa 

Battle 

^aval 

Biogra 

Massa< 

Attack 

Attack 

Expedi 

Invents 
Battle  ( 
Furthei 
Bjograf 
BiograJ 


• ; 


Append 


retai 


Corr 


INDEX,^ 


I  GIKBRAL  TITLES  OF  CONTENTS   TO   THE   IsT  VftlVME, 

Kxposition  of  the  Causes  of  the  War,  -  -  -  '^^q 
March  of  Gen.  Hull  to  Detroit,  &c.  ----.' ^ 
View  of  the  Michigan  Territory,  -  -  -  -  .  41 
Sketclies  of  that  part  of  U.  Canada  which 

a"s?:ntf'^r.l' ^^"-  ^'".^^'^  "^''^^-^  <>P-^^-s,  48 


Invasion  of  Canada,  &c 

Camjpaigns  of  Gon.  Harrison, 

Battle  of  the  Moravian  Town,  -  M"^  . 
^aval  Battle  on  Lake  Erie,  -  .  -  .  . 
Biographical  notice  of  Gen.  Harrisok  -  - 
Massacre  of  the^arrison -of  Fort  Dearborn, 
Attack  on  Fort  Harrison,  -  -  -  -  .  . 
Attack  on  Fort  Belle  Vue,  -,-... 
Expeditions  against  the  Indians  of  the 

Wabash  and  lUenois, 

Events  on  the  Niagara  Frontier  in  1812,   - 
Battle  of  Queenstown,       -    -    -    .    . 
Further  operations  on  the  Niagara,  &c.      - 
Bjographica  notice  of  C<^.  JI.Tm.  Johnson, 
Biographical  notiQe  of.  Col.  Geo.  Croghan, 

Contents  of  the  Jippendi^. 

Appendix  A.^  Letters  taken  with  Proctor's 

baggage,  Oct.  5,  1813, 

--—  B.    Extracts  of  letters  to  the  sec 
^^^"^y  Jf  war  from  Indian  agents,       - 

-"— ; C.    [erroneously  printed  "  D'H 

Correspondence  of  Lieut.  Pike  with  the 
XN.  W.jLompanjr's  agent,  1806,    -    .    - 

■"'■""""—  D.     Henry's  Caw^annr^A^-^f,^ 

S*    Revolutionary  services  of 
* .    Barbw-ities  ot*  i\i%  «n«my 


52 
■  83 
125 
140 
155 
167 
169 
172 

174 
177 
181 

202 
21a. 

224, 


-  -  -  4 


-  -  13 

-  -  aj 


Geh.  Ifull,  61 
at  l^miuy    65 


ERRATA. 

Ti'E  author  not  being  present  when  the  proof  sheets 
were  taken,  a  few  errors  have  crept  into  the  work, 
which  the  reader  is  desired  to  correct  with  a  pen.  The 
most  material  1$t^  the  following,  viz. 

Paffe  23,  6th  line  from  bottom,  after  the  word  President, 
adc  acted, 

122,  8th  line  from  bottom,  (note)  for  shortness  read 
straitness, 

134^  16th  \m  from  top,  for  M'Cobe,  read  M'Cabc. 


,'■   !- 


4:'i,,w..  .. . 


sheets 

work, 

The 

ddent, 
\s  read 
'Cabc. 


"«»! 


